CN106729087A - A kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani Download PDFInfo
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- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of Chinese medicines, and in particular to a kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani, the Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：20 100 parts of kuh-seng, 10 65 parts of golden cypress, 20 45 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 10 35 parts of Asian puccoon, 10 65 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 15 65 parts, 10 40 parts of the yellow rose of Sharon, 5 20 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 5 15 parts of oriental wormwood, 1 10 parts of rhizoma calami, 0.5 10 parts of borneol, it is raw material that the present invention uses pure plant, with reference to extraction process, active component in Chinese medicine is extracted, Modern preparations technology is recycled to be made particle lotion, ointment and aerosol, the Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation has clearing heat and detoxicating, desinsection is antipruritic, the effects such as activating blood circulation and reducing swelling, there is significant curative effect to treatment pruritus ani, it is without any side effects without recurring, treatment no pain, medical expense is low, and outgoing work is not influenceed in therapeutic process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of Chinese medicines, and in particular to a kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani.
Background technology
Pruritus ani, medically known as pruritus ani.Theory of traditional Chinese medical science thinks that this sick pathogenic factors is mainly impression
Wind, wet, heat evil and worm poison harassing and wrecking etc., therefore have saying for " all category of itching being empty, category wind, and heat contains then pain, slight heat bringing about itching ", it is primarily due to wet
Heat is betted caused by skin around the rectum, or is caused by hemorrhoid, anus leakage, the stimulation of rectal polyp isorheic or enterobiasis.Cardinal symptom：
Pruritus ani, be only limitted to skin around the rectum nearby one-inch it is wide within the scope of, self-induction itch, when it is light when weight, shouting pain sometimes or
Cusalgia, sometimes as worm row ant walks, sometimes as mosquito bite fire is roasting, itching sometimes unbearably, especially with night more very, is made us feeling restless, nothing
Primary skin damaged, due to excessive scratching friction, can make skin in canescence or albumen color and moistening, skin around the rectum is burst
Rotten, anal skin thickens coarse, the plump coarse radial pleat line of wrinkle wall, lichenification hardening.
This disease mostly occurs in 20-40 Sui one's early years people, is partly the local symptom of general skin pruritus, then be more common in old
Year people；Less than 20 years old young less；Seldom betide children.Male is more common than women, is accustomed to people that is quiet and seldom moving
Mostly occur this pruritus.Western medical treatment pruritus ani, just controls and takes effect, but effect is difficult to maintain, high recurrence rate, compared to it
Under, traditional Chinese medicine by diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of the illness and the patient's condition, comprehensively regulating, advantage is more obvious in pruritus ani is treated.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, present invention combination theory of traditional Chinese medical science, with reference on tradition and modernity preparation technique,
There is provided a kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani.
To realize object above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Kuh-seng 20-
100 parts, golden cypress 10-65 parts, Herba Kalimeridis 20-45 parts, Asian puccoon 10-35 parts, Chinese gall 10-65 parts, windproof 15-65 parts, yellow rose of Sharon 10-
40 parts, lalang grass rhizome 5-20 parts, oriental wormwood 5-15 parts, rhizoma calami 1-10 parts, borneol 0.5-10 parts.
Preferably, the Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Kuh-seng 40-60 parts, golden cypress 25-
45 parts, Herba Kalimeridis 25-35 parts, Asian puccoon 15-25 parts, Chinese gall 20-45 parts, windproof 25-45 parts, yellow 15-25 parts of the rose of Sharon, lalang grass rhizome 10-
15 parts, oriental wormwood 8-12 parts, rhizoma calami 4-8 parts, borneol 2-7 parts.
Preferably, the Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：50 parts of kuh-seng, 35 parts of golden cypress,
30 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 20 parts of Asian puccoon, 30 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 30 parts, yellow 20 parts of the rose of Sharon, 12 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 10 parts of oriental wormwood, 6 parts of rhizoma calami,
5 parts of borneol.
Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation of the invention is prepared as follows activity extract：By the raw medicinal material in addition to borneol
By in formula mixing input extractor, add the mixture of water or water and ethanol as solvent, decoct 1h, collect filtrate, so
3 times repeatedly, merging filtrate, filtering obtains extract solution, by extract solution in being condensed into relative density at 70-80 DEG C for 1.15-1.30
Thick paste, obtains activity extract.
Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation of the present invention, its activity extract be able to can pharmaceutically connect with any one or more
The carrier received is mixed and made into external preparation, including but not limited to particle lotion, ointment, aerosol.External preparation of the invention
It is preferred that particle lotion.
The preparation method of particle lotion：Foregoing active extract is made particle according to conventional method, borneol is configured to ice
Piece ethanol solution, is sprayed onto in above-mentioned particle, and mixing is made granule.
The preparation method of aerosol：Foregoing active extract is spray-dried, then by the treatment of its nanosizing, is added
Borneol, supensoid agent and propellant, are fitted into spray bottle, obtain final product aerosol.
The preparation method of ointment：Foregoing active extract is added into ointment bases, borneol, mixing is made ointment.
Other raw medicinal materials are ground to form into impalpable powder by conventional method in addition to borneol, ointment bases, borneol is added, mixed
Ointment can also be made.
In the preparation process of ointment, it is also possible to add some additives such as anti-corrosion in the ointment bases for being added
Agent, penetrating agent, surfactant, the preferred DMSO of penetrating agent, azone, propane diols, glycerine, polyethylene glycol, surfactant are preferred
Nonionic surfactant such as fatty acid sorbitan, polysorbate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether are prevented
Rotten agent such as ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate.
Effect of each taste Chinese medicine selected by the present invention is as follows：
Kuh-seng：It is bitter, cold, the thoughts of returning home, liver, stomach, large intestine, bladder warp.Heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, desinsection, diuresis, for eczema, wet sore, skin
The diseases such as skin itch, mange leprosy.
Golden cypress：It is bitter, cold, the effects such as having heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, rush down scorching removing toxic substances, it is usually used in damp-heat dysentery, jaundice, leukorrhea and heat
The diseases such as numbness, heat gonorrhea.Modern study shows that golden cypress has the work of antibacterial, convergence, anti-inflammatory containing main components such as jamaicin, obakunones
With to symptoms such as various skin wet poisons, sores, effect is good.
Herba Kalimeridis：Cool in nature, taste is pungent, Return liver, stomach, lung channel.There is cooling blood and hemostasis, clearing heat and promoting diuresis, removing toxicity for detumescence, it is main
Control the diseases such as jaundice, rush down dysentery, stranguria with turbid discharge.
Asian puccoon：It is bitter, cold, thoughts of returning home envelope, Liver Channel.Cool blood, promoting blood circulation, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances can treat warm macula, eczema, erysipelas
Deng disease.
Chinese gall：It is sour, cold in nature, arrest sweating, hemostasis, relieving diarrhea with astringents.In want composition containing a large amount of tannic acids, and resin, fat,
Starch.
It is windproof：Pungent, sweet, tepor.Return bladder, lung, spleen, Liver Channel.Expel pathogenic wind from the body surface, win wet analgesic, only convulsion, for diseases caused by external factors table
Card, rubella itch, arthralgia pain due to rheumatism, the lockjaw disease such as just.
The yellow rose of Sharon：Bitter, acrid, cold, return lung warp.Clearing and antitussive, removing toxicity for detumescence can control affection of exogenous wind-heat, cough, convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire pent-up, cough up
Phlegm Huang is thick, cough with lung heat, ulcerative carbuncle pyogenic infections, bronchitis.
Lalang grass rhizome：It is sweet, it is bitter, tremble with fear, attach to the lung and stomach meridians, small intestinl channel.It is cooling blood and hemostasis, clearing heat and detoxicating, cure mainly oedema, jaundice, urine not
The diseases such as profit, pyreticosis polydipsia, stomach energy is vomitted the sound of vomiting.
Oriental wormwood：It is bitter, pungent, be slightly cold.Returns spleen, stomach, liver, gallbladder channel.Clearing heat and promoting diuresis, removing jaundice cures mainly the diseases such as jaundice, wet sore itch.
Rhizoma calami：Taste is pungent, hardship, warm in nature, the thoughts of returning home, liver, stomach.With dissipating phlegm for resuscitation, the antipruritic work(of dehumidifying stomach invigorating, desinsection
Imitate, be usually used in the diseases such as coma due to phlegm syncope, the forgetful, rheumatalgia pain of palpitation with fear, eczema, scabies.
Borneol：For closing card coma, for red eye, swell pain, larynx numbness aphtha.For sore swell and ache curative, do not held back after bursting.It is main to make
With：The effect of Central nervous system, antiinflammatory action, antibacterial action, antifertility action, the interaction with other drugs, its
He acts on.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
It is raw material that the present invention uses pure plant, with reference to extraction process, the active component in Chinese medicine is extracted, then
Using Modern preparations technology, particle lotion, ointment and aerosol are made.The Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation have it is clearing heat and detoxicating,
Desinsection is antipruritic, activating blood circulation and reducing swelling the effects such as, to treatment pruritus ani there is significant curative effect, without recur it is without any side effects, treatment
No pain, medical expense is low, and does not influence outgoing work in therapeutic process.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment, embodiment is not to be construed as right
The limitation of technical solution.
Embodiment 1：Particle lotion
Chinese medicine is constituted：50 parts of kuh-seng, 35 parts of golden cypress, 30 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 20 parts of Asian puccoon, 30 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 30 parts, Huang
20 parts of the rose of Sharon, 12 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 10 parts of oriental wormwood, 6 parts of rhizoma calami, 5 parts of borneol.
Preparation method：In addition to borneol, by the medicinal material input extractor of above-mentioned recipe quantity, add water to cook 1 hour, collect filter
Liquid, 3 times repeatedly, adds water 10 times and measures every time, merging filtrate, filtering, discards residue, extract solution is obtained, by extract solution in dense at 70 DEG C
The thick paste that relative density is 1.20 is reduced to, appropriate starch is added, is well mixed, wet granular is prepared with 20 mesh sieves, 50-70 DEG C is done
It is dry, moisture control to 1.0-2.5%, whole grain, then the borneol of recipe quantity is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated solution is configured to, spray
To in the particle of above-mentioned preparation, the particle lotion for the treatment of pruritus ani is obtained final product.
Embodiment 2：Ointment
Chinese medicine is constituted：100 parts of kuh-seng, 10 parts of golden cypress, 20 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 35 parts of Asian puccoon, 65 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 65 parts,
10 parts of the yellow rose of Sharon, 20 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 5 parts of oriental wormwood, 1 part of rhizoma calami, 10 parts of borneol.
Preparation method：In addition to borneol, by the medicinal material input extractor of above-mentioned recipe quantity, add water to cook 1 hour, collect filter
Liquid, 3 times repeatedly, adds water 10 times and measures every time, merging filtrate, filtering, discards residue, extract solution is obtained, by extract solution in dense at 75 DEG C
The thick paste that relative density is 1.15 is reduced to, by spray drying, dry powder is obtained, dry cream is then ground into 150 mesh above fine powders, plus
Enter 1 times of vaseline or lanolin or vaseline and each half of lanolin, and add the borneol of recipe quantity, grind together be mixed it is even,
Obtain final product the ointment for the treatment of pruritus ani.
Embodiment 3：Ointment
Chinese medicine is constituted：40 parts of kuh-seng, 45 parts of golden cypress, 25 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 15 parts of Asian puccoon, 45 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 45 parts, Huang
15 parts of the rose of Sharon, 10 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 8 parts of oriental wormwood, 8 parts of rhizoma calami, 7 parts of borneol.
Preparation method：In addition to borneol, by the medicinal material input extractor of above-mentioned recipe quantity, add water to cook 1 hour, collect filter
Liquid, 3 times repeatedly, adds water 10 times and measures every time, merging filtrate, filtering, discards residue, extract solution is obtained, by extract solution in dense at 80 DEG C
The thick paste that relative density is 1.30 is reduced to, the glycerine of recipe quantity is added, is well mixed, and be incubated standby at 80 DEG C；Separately take tristearin
Acid, hexadecanol, glycerin monostearate, atoleine are heated to 80-85 DEG C, make fusing, and are well mixed, and then delay oil phase
Slowly it is added in water phase, emulsifies 5-6min, take out cooling, and add borneol, stir evenly, obtains final product the ointment for the treatment of pruritus ani
Agent.
Embodiment 4：Aerosol
Chinese medicine is constituted：20 parts of kuh-seng, 65 parts of golden cypress, 45 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 10 parts of Asian puccoon, 10 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 15 parts, Huang
40 parts of the rose of Sharon, 5 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 15 parts of oriental wormwood, 10 parts of rhizoma calami, 0.5 part of borneol.
Preparation method：In addition to borneol, by the medicinal material input extractor of above-mentioned recipe quantity, add water to cook 1 hour, collect filter
Liquid, 3 times repeatedly, adds water 10 times and measures every time, merging filtrate, filtering, discards residue, extract solution is obtained, by extract solution in dense at 70 DEG C
The thick paste that relative density is 1.20 is reduced to, is spray-dried, then carry out nanosizing treatment, add borneol, supensoid agent and propellant,
It is fitted into spray bottle, obtains final product the aerosol for the treatment of pruritus ani.
Embodiment 5：Particle lotion
Chinese medicine is constituted：60 parts of kuh-seng, 25 parts of golden cypress, 35 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 25 parts of Asian puccoon, 20 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 25 parts, Huang
25 parts of the rose of Sharon, 15 parts of lalang grass rhizome, 12 parts of oriental wormwood, 4 parts of rhizoma calami, 2 parts of borneol.
Preparation method：In addition to borneol, by the medicinal material input extractor of above-mentioned recipe quantity, add water to cook 1 hour, collect filter
Liquid, 3 times repeatedly, adds water 10 times and measures every time, merging filtrate, filtering, discards residue, extract solution is obtained, by extract solution in dense at 80 DEG C
The thick paste that relative density is 1.30 is reduced to, appropriate starch is added, is well mixed, wet granular is prepared with 20 mesh sieves, 50-70 DEG C is done
It is dry, moisture control to 1.0-2.5%, whole grain, then the borneol of recipe quantity is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated solution is configured to, spray
To in the particle of above-mentioned preparation, the particle lotion for the treatment of pruritus ani is obtained final product.
Clinical data
1st, general data
To verify the therapeutic effect of the Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation to treatment pruritus ani of embodiment of the present invention preparation, with
Machine selection patient 110 carries out clinical observation.It is wherein male 65, female 45.
2nd, case selection
Test group：55, man 33, female 22；Age 20-28 Sui 30,30-50 Sui 25, the course of disease -3 years 3 months.
Slight itch 28, moderate itch 22；Idiopathic itch 5.
Control group：55, man 32, female 23；Age 20-28 Sui 31,30-50 Sui 24, the course of disease -3 years 3 months,
Slight itch 26, moderate itch 23；Idiopathic itch 6.
Two groups in terms of sex, age and characteristic of disease, the course of disease through statistical analysis there are no significant difference (P>0.05), have
Comparativity.
3rd, treatment method
Test group：The lotion that patient is prepared with the embodiment of the present invention 1 daily adds alkali hip bath, sooner or later each 1 time.First smoke and wash recoil
Bath about 20min, 7 days is 1 course for the treatment of.
Control group：It is sooner or later each 1 time using being smeared outside Western medicine cream.It is within 7 days 1 course for the treatment of.
Two groups with treat 7 days be a course for the treatment of, statistics after 2 courses for the treatment of.
4th, efficacy assessment standard
Cure：Symptom disappears, and skin recovers normal, and follow-up half a year is without recurrence；
It is effective：Itch substantially mitigates, and skin damaged is clearly better；
Take a turn for the better：Itch mitigates, and can control not scratch, and occasionally still needs to medication antipruritic；
It is invalid：Itch and skin damaged are without recurrence after change, or drug withdrawal.
5th, treatment results
After by clinical observation, 1 is the results are shown in Table
The clinical treatment outcome of table 1
| Group | Case load | Cure | It is effective | Take a turn for the better | It is invalid | Total effective rate % |
| Treatment group | 55 | 33 | 13 | 8 | 1 | 98.2 |
| Control group | 55 | 10 | 14 | 25 | 6 | 89 |
6th, discuss
As can be seen from the above table, treatment group's total effectses are higher than control group, illustrate the lotion of present invention preparation to treatment anus
Pruritus has definite curative effect.
7th, model case
Case 1
Wang, man, 28 years old.Patient obtains pruritus ani nearly 1 year, and nearly 1 week itch is continuous unbearably, day and night there is hair, night
Especially, very itch during breaking-out hard to bear.Once the medicine such as used dexamethasone ointment, Chinese medicine was for oral administration applies outward, effect on driving birds is not good.Check：Crissum skin
The coarse plumpness of skin, the plump coarse radial pleat line of wrinkle wall, clinical diagnosis is pruritus ani.
Treatment：Alkali is added to be washed from bath is smoked using the particle lotion of the embodiment of the present invention 1.Symptom substantially mitigates after 1 course for the treatment of, 2
Symptom is wholly absent after the course for the treatment of, follow-up half a year, no relapse.
Case 2
Poplar, man, 45 years old.Patient obtains pruritus ani nearly 2 years, recurs within nearly 10 days, shouting pain sometimes or cusalgia, sometimes such as worm
Ant walks row, there is eczema during scratching.Once the medicine such as used Cremor Mentholi Compositus, Chinese medicine was for oral administration applies outward, effect on driving birds is not good.Check：Crissum has scratch
And skin damaged, crissum humidity and fash.
Treatment：Alkali is added to be washed from bath is smoked using the particle lotion of the embodiment of the present invention 1.After 1 course for the treatment of of treatment, perianal pruritus disease is bright
Aobvious to take a turn for the better, symptom is wholly absent after 2 courses for the treatment of, follow-up half a year, no relapse.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Kuh-seng 20-100 parts, golden cypress 10-65 parts, Herba Kalimeridis 20-45 parts, Asian puccoon 10-35 parts, Chinese gall 10-65 parts, it is windproof 15-65 parts,
Yellow rose of Sharon 10-40 parts, lalang grass rhizome 5-20 parts, oriental wormwood 5-15 parts, rhizoma calami 1-10 parts, borneol 0.5-10 parts.
2. Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Kuh-seng 40-60 parts, golden cypress 25-45 parts, Herba Kalimeridis 25-35 parts, Asian puccoon 15-25 parts, Chinese gall 20-45 parts, it is windproof 25-45 parts,
Yellow rose of Sharon 15-25 parts, lalang grass rhizome 10-15 parts, oriental wormwood 8-12 parts, rhizoma calami 4-8 parts, borneol 2-7 parts.
3. Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
50 parts of kuh-seng, 35 parts of golden cypress, 30 parts of Herba Kalimeridis, 20 parts of Asian puccoon, 30 parts of Chinese gall, windproof 30 parts, yellow 20 parts of the rose of Sharon, 12 parts of lalang grass rhizome,
10 parts of oriental wormwood, 6 parts of rhizoma calami, 5 parts of borneol.
4. the Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the Chinese medicine compound prescription external application
Preparation is prepared as follows activity extract：By the raw medicinal material in addition to borneol by formula mixing input extractor, add
The mixture of water or water and ethanol decocts 1h as solvent, collects filtrate, and so repeatedly 3 times, merging filtrate, filtering must be extracted
Liquid, by extract solution in the thick paste that relative density is 1.15-1.30 is condensed at 70-80 DEG C, obtains activity extract.
5. Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The activity extract is according to conventional method
Particle is made, borneol is configured to borneol ethanol solution, be sprayed onto in above-mentioned particle, mixing is made particle lotion.
6. Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Ointment is added in the activity extract
Matrix, borneol, mix according to conventional method and are made ointment.
7. Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Ice is added in the activity extract
Piece, aerosol is made according to conventional method.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611245828.9A CN106729087A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | A kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611245828.9A CN106729087A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | A kind of Chinese medicine compound prescription external preparation for treating pruritus ani |
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| CN106729087A true CN106729087A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114848734A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省中医药科学院中医研究所 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for perianal nursing |
| CN115887526A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-04 | 中山大学附属第六医院 | External preparation for treating anal pruritus and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1123868A (en) * | 1965-09-08 | 1968-08-14 | Philips Roxane | Compositions for treating anal and perianal disorders |
| CN103610817A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-05 | 于群 | Anus lotion |
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2016
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1123868A (en) * | 1965-09-08 | 1968-08-14 | Philips Roxane | Compositions for treating anal and perianal disorders |
| CN103610817A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-05 | 于群 | Anus lotion |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李启珊: "中药熏洗治疗肛门瘙痒症46例", 《湖北中医杂志》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114848734A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省中医药科学院中医研究所 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for perianal nursing |
| CN114848734B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-10-24 | 四川省中医药科学院中医研究所 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for perianal nursing |
| CN115887526A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-04 | 中山大学附属第六医院 | External preparation for treating anal pruritus and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |