CN106718454A - A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718454A CN106718454A CN201611266838.0A CN201611266838A CN106718454A CN 106718454 A CN106718454 A CN 106718454A CN 201611266838 A CN201611266838 A CN 201611266838A CN 106718454 A CN106718454 A CN 106718454A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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Abstract
The present invention relates to high-quality technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice, including seedling cultivation, transplant and fertilization of rice method, the implantation methods rice seedling transplant it is first 1~3 day, base fertilizer is enriched in transplanting rice field；Treat that shoot transplanting equipment completes 10~15 days afterwards, enrich selenium-enriched fertilizer, the selenium-enriched fertilizer includes selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer；At the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, selenium-enriched fertilizer is enriched to paddy rice dosage.The present invention has preferable practicality and popularizing application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-quality technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice.
Background technology
Selenium is micro- necessary to be humans and animals, is a kind of antioxidant, with the effect for alleviating aging, can eliminate many
Harmful free radicals are planted, is referred to as oxidation resistant " gold partner " with vitamin E synergy.Selenium deficiency can cause under body immunity
Drop, and Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease generation, serious selenium deficiency can occur such as coronary heart disease, hemolytic anemia and liver cancer various disease conditions.
At present, crowd's number of selenium deficiency is estimated 5,000 ten thousand to 1 hundred million in worldwide, it is seen that the supplement of selenium element is absorbed to health
Importance.
The findings of the survey of China (13 provinces) show that daily selenium intake is only 36 micrograms per capita, less than world health group
Knit 50 microgram standards of recommendation, less than 1/3rd of the U.S., it is farther less than Chinese Soclety of Nutrition advise daily iron supplement 50 to
The amount of 200 micrograms.China's daily selenium intake wretched insufficiency per capita, have impact on the physique of the nation people and health, the benefit of selenium element
Filling incomplete absorption has turned into the key factor of influence health.
Selenium intake deficiency has 2 major reasons：First, the selenium resource distribution of China is seriously uneven., national selenium in 1980
GeneraI investigation shows, the rare high selenium zone in the existing world of China (enshi), but it is internationally recognized selenium deficiency area to have 2/3 area,
And wherein more than 1/3 area is serious selenium deficiency, wherein the Yangtze River Delta Area such as Soviet Union, Zhejiang, Anhui is serious Selenium deficiency area.On selenium deficiency ground
Area, soil selenium deficiency, food selenium deficiency cause crowd's selenium insufficient.Second, it is limited that Chinese's dietary structure causes selenium to take in.Selenium
The of a relatively high food of content includes seafood, meat and pluck, from Chinese traditional diet and most of real lifes
Meat ratio is relatively low for condition.
Although for poor selenium area the number of ways can be taken to carry out selenium-supply, it is believed that the selenium main source of human body
In food, food selenium-supply is more suitable.Relative to inorganic selenium, biological source Organic Selenium has that absorption rate is high, toxicity is small
The advantages of, and Selenium in Plants is better than animal selenium.
Paddy rice is the staple food crop of China, and the population with rice as staple food accounts for the 50% of country's total population.But according to
To 30 province ,city and area's investigation of China, in addition to Tree in Enshi of Hubei Province rice selenium content is higher, remaining regional rice content is low
In the Se content lower bound critical value 0.06mg/kg, belong to low selenium rice.Therefore, by suitable pathways, selenium contains in improving rice
Amount, the selemium nutrition for improving China resident is significant.
The selemium nutrition for carrying out staple food crop by breeding or fertilizer is biological reinforced, improves the Se content of edible part, is solution
Certainly crowd's selenium supports an important component of the food systems strategy of insufficiency of intake, and fertilizer (agro-ecology in world wide
Fortification) it is considered as to the reinforcing of selenium etc. more effectively.The rice cultivated by paddy rice selenium-enriching cultivation technology is a kind of natural
Rice enriched-Se, the selenium absorption of human body utilization rate of this organic is high, overcomes the deficiency of nutrient enhancing rice, and avoid transgenosis
The biosafety issues arguement of rice, thus Rice enriched-Se this new function rice is developed by this approach will have non-
Normal wide application prospect, and selemium nutrition deficiency to improving the people has the meaning of reality.
At present, the Term Fertilization of domestic production selenium-rich rice is mainly by the method for foliage-spray, i.e., in Rice Production
During foliage-spray containing inorganic selenium selenium-rich agent.Such as CN ZL200410009346.4《A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich rice》
In disclose the side that a kind of selenium-rich agent being made up of inorganic compound containing selenium and phosphate foliage-spray cultivates selenium-rich rice
Method.CN ZL200810010171.7《A kind of production method of nutritious rice rich in Se》Propose a kind of in paddy growth
Different times, spray the mixed liquor being mixed by RE microbial fertilizer, sodium selenite and BAS, to produce selenium-rich nutritional rice
Method.CN ZL01144575.0《Selenium-enriched plant nutrition regulating agent》Disclose a kind of sodium salt, potassium by selenic acid or selenous acid
The water system that salt, ammonium salt and 5- nitroguaiacols, the sodium salt of 2,4- dinitrophenol or catechol, sylvite, ammonium salt are prepared
Agent.CN ZL200610078710.1《A kind of selenium-enriched fertilizer and preparation method thereof sprayed in leaf》Contain selenium simultaneously there is provided one kind
The foliage fertilizer formulation of the composition such as trace element and its preparation in the multiple beneficials such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc, magnesium, copper with different proportion
Method.
The method that above-mentioned patent all uses foliage-spray inorganic selenium, its advantage is that crop absorbs soon.But its shortcoming
It is obvious that foliage-spray requirement selenium fertilizer comparision contents first are high, such as CN ZL01144575.0《Selenium-enriched plant nutrition regulating agent》In
Selenic acid or selenous acid salt content be 4~25%.The selenium fertilizer of high concentration increased with fertile cost；Secondly because blade face is sprayed
Apply, selenium fertilizer is easy to trickle down to field, certain pollution is thus caused to field runoff water and soil and be very big wave
Take；Again, inorganic selenium residual quantity is often resulted in big, and inorganic selenium has obvious toxic action to body, security is relatively low.
Also patent cultivates Rice enriched-Se by the way of base manure is applied containing inorganic selenium.Such as CN ZL02124833.8《Organic nothing
Machine composite selenic fertilizer and preparation method thereof》Disclose a kind of selenium fertilizer (sodium selenate, sodium selenite or other selenates or selenous acid
Salt) content be 0.1%~0.4% organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer；CN ZL200910244475.4 disclose a kind of Rice enriched-Se and
Its production method, be by Selenium-rich nutrient (mixed by nanometer selenium plant nutrient and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and constituted) before administration again
Field is applied as base manure after adding nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mixing, gained after results.The method compares foliage-spray selenium-rich agent, selenium
Consumption significantly reduce, and the main form with Organic Selenium of selenium in rice is present, it is easy to be absorbed by the body, with obvious
It is progressive.But the Selenium-rich nutrient and needs used in the invention are before administration manually by Selenium-rich nutrient and azophoska
Applied after mixing thoroughly by a certain percentage in Hefei.CN 101054315A disclose a kind of selenium-rich zoology whole-element fertilizer and its production method,
Sodium selenite, chicken manure (or cattle and sheep excrement), dry ferment or yeast paste, humic acid, active Ludox etc. are reacted in a kettle., is stirred
Mix uniform rear enclosed to ferment 30 days, add attapulgite, urea mixing granulation, drying and form.
Above-mentioned patent or technology are all the selenium sources using inorganic selenium (selenate or selenite) as fertilizer, and are cultivated
Cost is of a relatively high, and technics comparing is complicated, it is difficult to promote the use of on a large scale at home.Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of selenium-rich water
The implantation methods of rice, by the optimization of technique and fertilization mode, further optimize to current Rice enriched-Se cultivation and fertilizer practice,
Solve deficiency and defect that prior art is present.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that：For the above mentioned problem that presently, there are, there is provided a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice,
The toxigenic capacity for solving prior art presence is of a relatively high, and technics comparing is complicated, it is difficult to which that promotes the use of on a large scale at home asks
Topic.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice, including seedling cultivation, transplanting and fertilization of rice method, the implantation methods exist
Rice seedling transplants first 1~3 day, and base fertilizer is enriched in transplanting rice field；Treat that shoot transplanting equipment completes 10~15 days afterwards, enrich selenium-rich
Fertilizer, the selenium-enriched fertilizer includes selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer；At the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, to water
Rice dosage enriches selenium-enriched fertilizer.
Preferably, the base fertilizer is the mixture of chemical fertilizer and organic biofertilizer, and both are according to mass ratio 40~67：33~
45 in agitator mixing mix 1h thoroughly, be subsequently placed in closing polybag in place 0.5~1 day.
Preferably, selected from one or more in urea, ammonium sulfate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the bio-feritlizer is the chemical fertilizer
Cow dung, pig manure and chicken manure are according to 43:35:The particulate matter that 22 ratio combination drying is made, its water content is 20%~30%.
Preferably, the selenium-enriched fertilizer by selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer according to 53~62：32~
38：27~33：25~28：17~23 ratio is mixed.
Preferably, the base fertilizer is granular fertilizers, and its particle diameter is 2~3mm, in fertilising, according to every mu of Paddy fields
25~28 kilograms of ratio is applied fertilizer.
Preferably, the selenium-enriched fertilizer is processed into the particulate matter that particle diameter is 2~3mm, is completed 10~15 days in shoot transplanting equipment
Afterwards, dose is every mu of 12~18 kilograms of Paddy fields, using manually or mechanically mode by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
Preferably, it is described containing selenium fertilizer at the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, dose is every mu of 20~24 kilograms of rice field, use
Manually or mechanically mode is by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
Preferably, the selenium-containing compound is seleno-amino acids, and compared to inorganic salts selenium-containing compound, seleno-amino acids are residual
Stay thing smaller to harm, security performance is higher.
Selenium-rich paddy obtained by implantation methods used by the present invention, can be used to process Rice enriched-Se.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
First, applied fertilizer in advance from before shoot transplanting equipment, the nutrient of fertilizer is dissolved in paddy field water in advance, can be effective
Ensure that the fertilizer after shoot transplanting equipment absorbs, so that the early growth stabilization of paddy rice；
Secondly as the shoot transplanting equipment initial stage enriches base fertilizer, it is ensured that the survival rate and performance recovery state of rice shoot, rice shoot is treated
Selenium-enriched fertilizer is enriched after transplanting for a period of time, is conducive to quick effective absorption of selenium-enriched fertilizer, improve fertilizer absorption efficiency；Treat
Selenium-enriched fertilizer is enriched again during paddy rice earing flowering, the critical period that now exactly rice is formed, can effectively ensure that rice shape
Into when can in time absorb selenium element, improve the absorption efficiency of selenium element, come relative to prior art long-term fertilization selenium-enriched fertilizer
Say, its fertilising cost is lower, and fertilizer utilization efficiency is higher；
Again, the drawbacks of present invention changes conventional foliage dressing production Rice enriched-Se, is no longer applied using seleno-amino acids
With the inorganic seleniums such as selenite, selenate fertilizer, greatly reduce the environmental pollution that selenium fertilizer is likely to result in, while reduce being trained
This；
Finally, siliceous fertilizer is contained in selenium-enriched fertilizer fertilizer components of the invention, siliceous fertilizer can improve crop anti-adversity, improve photosynthetic
Effect, stimulation root system development, strengthen paddy disease-resistant ability, improve setting percentage, promote the accumulation of dry and then increase yield, and
Play the role of to improve rice matter, so as to promote plant growth and the sorption enhanced to selenium；If other components such as potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer
Ensure that the abundant of paddy rice fertilizer nutrient.
Therefore, the present invention has preferable practicality and popularizing application prospect.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than
Whole embodiments, based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Lower obtained every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice, including seedling cultivation, transplanting and fertilization of rice method, the implantation methods exist
Rice seedling transplants first 1 day, and base fertilizer is enriched in transplanting rice field；Treat that shoot transplanting equipment completes 10 days afterwards, enrich selenium-enriched fertilizer, institute
Stating selenium-enriched fertilizer includes selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer；At the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, paddy rice dosage is increased
Apply selenium-enriched fertilizer.
The base fertilizer is the mixture of chemical fertilizer and organic biofertilizer, and both are according to mass ratio 40：33 mix in agitator
1h is mixed in conjunction thoroughly, be subsequently placed in closing polybag in place 0.5 day.
The chemical fertilizer selects then urea, and the bio-feritlizer is cow dung, pig manure and chicken manure according to 43:35:22 ratio is mixed
The particulate matter that drying is made is closed, ensures that its water content is 25% after drying.
The selenium-enriched fertilizer is by selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer according to 53：32：27：25：17 ratio
It is mixed.
The base fertilizer is granular fertilizers, and its particle diameter is 3mm, in fertilising, according to every mu of ratio of 25 kilograms of Paddy fields
Example is applied fertilizer.
The selenium-enriched fertilizer is processed into the particulate matter that particle diameter is 3mm, and 10 days are completed afterwards in shoot transplanting equipment, and dose is every
12 kilograms of Paddy fields of mu, using manually or mechanically mode by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
It is described containing selenium fertilizer at the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, dose is every mu of 20 kilograms of rice field, using manually or mechanically
Mode is by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
The selenium-containing compound is seleno-amino acids, compared to inorganic salts selenium-containing compound, seleno-amino acids residue pair
Harm is smaller, and security performance is higher.
The selenium-rich rice obtained by above-mentioned implementation, according to GB/T 22499-2008《Selenium-rich paddy》Standard survey
Determine the content of Organic Selenium and inorganic selenium in rice：
Total Se content in every kilogram of rice is 0.21~0.23 milligram, and 0.217 milligram of average out to reaches selenium-rich rice mark
Standard, meanwhile, organic selenium content 83.6~85.7%.
The selenium-rich rice planted by the above method, it is machined to obtain selenium-enriched rice.
Embodiment 2：
Transplant first 3 days in rice seedling, base fertilizer is enriched in transplanting rice field, the base fertilizer is chemical fertilizer and organic biofertilizer
Mixture, both are according to mass ratio 67：45 in agitator mixing mix 1h thoroughly, be subsequently placed in closing polybag in place 1 day；
Treat that shoot transplanting equipment completes 15 days afterwards, enrich selenium-enriched fertilizer, the selenium-enriched fertilizer by selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and
Phosphate fertilizer is according to 62：38：33：28：23 ratio is mixed；At the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, selenium-rich fertilizer is enriched to paddy rice dosage
Material.
The chemical fertilizer selects then urea, and the bio-feritlizer is cow dung, pig manure and chicken manure according to 43:35:22 ratio is mixed
The particulate matter that drying is made is closed, ensures that its water content is 25% after drying.
The base fertilizer is granular fertilizers, and its particle diameter is 2mm, in fertilising, according to every mu of ratio of 28 kilograms of Paddy fields
Example is applied fertilizer.
The selenium-enriched fertilizer is processed into the particulate matter that particle diameter is 2mm, and 15 days are completed afterwards in shoot transplanting equipment, and dose is every
18 kilograms of Paddy fields of mu, using manually or mechanically mode by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
It is described containing selenium fertilizer at the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, dose is every mu of 24 kilograms of rice field, using manually or mechanically
Mode is by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
The selenium-containing compound is seleno-amino acids, compared to inorganic salts selenium-containing compound, seleno-amino acids residue pair
Harm is smaller, and security performance is higher.
The selenium-rich rice obtained by above-mentioned implementation, according to GB/T 22499-2008《Selenium-rich paddy》Standard survey
Determine the content of Organic Selenium and inorganic selenium in rice：
Total Se content in every kilogram of rice is 0.203~0.219 milligram, and 0.206 milligram of average out to reaches selenium-rich rice
Standard, meanwhile, organic selenium content 84.7~87.9%.
The selenium-rich rice planted by the above method, it is machined also to obtain selenium-enriched rice.
The above, specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Those familiar with the art can readily occur in change or replacement in the technical scope of present disclosure, should all contain
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice, including seedling cultivation, transplanting and fertilization of rice method, it is characterised in that：It is described
Implantation methods transplant first 1~3 day in rice seedling, and base fertilizer is enriched in transplanting rice field；Treat shoot transplanting equipment complete 10~15 days it
Afterwards, selenium-enriched fertilizer is enriched, the selenium-enriched fertilizer includes selenium-containing compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer；Raised in paddy rice earing
The initial stage is spent, selenium-enriched fertilizer is enriched to paddy rice dosage.
2. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The base fertilizer be chemical fertilizer with have
The mixture of machine bio-feritlizer, both are according to mass ratio 40~67：33~45 in agitator mixing mix 1h thoroughly, be subsequently placed in envelope
Close in polybag and place 0.5~1 day.
3. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The chemical fertilizer be selected from urea,
One or more in ammonium sulfate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the bio-feritlizer is cow dung, pig manure and chicken manure according to 43:35:22
The particulate matter that ratio combination drying is made, its water content is 20%~30%.
4. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The selenium-enriched fertilizer is by containing selenizing
Compound, potash fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are according to 53~62：32~38：27~33：25~28：17~23 ratio mixing system
Into.
5. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The base fertilizer is graininess
Fertilizer, its particle diameter is 2~3mm, in fertilising, is applied fertilizer according to the ratio of every mu of 25~28 kilograms of Paddy fields.
6. implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich rice as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The selenium-enriched fertilizer processing
Into the particulate matter that particle diameter is 2~3mm, 10~15 days are completed afterwards in shoot transplanting equipment, dose is every mu of Paddy fields 12~18
Kilogram, using manually or mechanically mode by fertilizer spraying and rice field.
7. implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich rice as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：It is described containing selenium fertilizer in water
Rice earing flowering initial stage, dose is every mu of 20~24 kilograms of rice field, using manually or mechanically mode by fertilizer spraying and rice field
It is interior.
8. implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich rice as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The selenium-containing compound is
Seleno-amino acids.
9. a kind of Rice enriched-Se, it is characterised in that：Selenium-rich paddy processing as obtained by the implantation methods described in claim 1 is made.
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| CN107624319A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-26 | 广西那坡县翠株园林业科技有限公司 | A kind of fertilizing method of selenium-rich rice |
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| CN107637246A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-30 | 陈增光 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice |
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| CN107624567A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-01-26 | 安徽太白庄园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of rice selenium-supply implantation methods of sand |
| CN107371461A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-11-24 | 平南县正达农业发展有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich rice method of raising seedling |
| CN107624319A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-26 | 广西那坡县翠株园林业科技有限公司 | A kind of fertilizing method of selenium-rich rice |
| CN107637246A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-30 | 陈增光 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice |
| CN108713367A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-30 | 湖北夷枝红富硒生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fertilization of rice method of selenium-rich rice |
| CN108782202A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of adjusting rice leaf Determination of Chlorophyll content |
| CN112552095A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-26 | 株洲本琦生物科技有限责任公司 | Compound fertilizer containing trace selenium element and preparation method thereof |
| CN111480524A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏德得健康产业有限公司 | Planting method of selenium-rich broccoli |
| CN114175980A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-15 | 溆浦县金裕米业有限公司 | Production method of green selenium-rich nutritional rice |
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