CN106717321A - A kind of tilting combination straight knife type kind band cleaning anti-block apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an inclined combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device, comprising a frame (1), a suspension device (6), a speed change device, a power input device, a ditch opener (5), and a seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device. Unit (8) and machine cover (9), in which the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit (8) adopts the combined operation mode of long straight knife and short straight knife, and uses the long straight knife to break stubble and ditch, and the short straight knife to clean the seed belt Anti-blocking, multiple operations of ditching, anti-blocking, and seed belt cleaning can be completed in one entry. The invention effectively solves the problem of poor anti-blocking effect of the existing seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device or poor seed belt cleaning effect, and is beneficial to improving the passability of the no-tillage seeder and improving the sowing quality.

Description

An oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an inclined combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device.

Background technique

Conservation tillage is an agricultural farming method that implements low-tillage and no-tillage to reduce soil tillage, covers the surface with crop straw and stubble to reduce soil wind erosion and soil erosion, and improves soil fertility and drought resistance. Conservation tillage can effectively reduce soil wind erosion and water erosion, greatly improve soil fertility and drought resistance, and increase production in arid areas.

Low-tillage and no-tillage seeding is a key technical link of conservation tillage. Due to the use of straw mulching, the straw and root stubble on the surface can easily block the planter, and the seeds may be sown on the straw and cause the seeds to dry, thereby affecting the quality of sowing. However, if wheat is sown on corn stalks, the problem is particularly serious due to the large amount of corn stalks. Therefore providing a kind of less no-tillage planter with anti-blocking device and seed row cleaning device has important significance for my country's popularization and application of conservation tillage technology.

Existing kind belt cleaning anti-blocking device mainly contains following several at present.

Invention patent "a profiling claw-type floating stubble and grass cleaning mechanism" (patent number ZL 200810051083.1), using a pair of finger-shaped weeding wheels installed in the shape of "eight" to rotate under the friction of the surface straw and stubble, At the same time, stalks and stubble are thrown to the side and rear, thereby reducing opener clogging and forming a clean seeding belt. However, this part belongs to passive operation, and the rotating speed is low, and the effect is not good when the amount of straw is large.

Invention patent "No-tillage seeder double-disc power stubble cutting and anti-blocking device" (Patent No. ZL201010121833.5), using the combination of the driving disc knife and the passive disc knife to form a supported cutting, effectively cutting Straw and stubble. However, the cut stalks and root stubble still remain on the seed belt, and they are easily mixed into the seed bed during sowing, causing the seeds to dry out, thereby affecting the quality of sowing.

Based on the above shortcomings, it is urgent to provide a device suitable for fields with a large amount of straw, which can not only prevent the blockage of the seeder, but also automatically clean the straw and stubble of the sowing belt.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an obliquely driven combined straight knife seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device, which is used for low-tillage seeders. It adopts obliquely driven combined straight knife group and straw deflector, which can remove straw, roots, etc. The stubble is thrown from the sowing belt to the non-seeding belt on both sides: it is driven by power, the cutter shaft rotates at a high speed, and the effect of anti-blocking and seed belt cleaning is good.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device, including a frame 1, a suspension device 6, a speed change device, a power input device, a ditch opener 5, a seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 and a machine cover 9, and the frame 1 is used to undertake the suspension device 6, the transmission device, the power input device, the ditching device and the cleaning and anti-blocking device; the suspension device 6 includes a support piece and a traction piece, and one support piece is provided, and one end is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame 1 , the other end is processed with assembly holes, and there are two traction parts, one end is fixedly connected to the rear end of the frame 1, and the other end is processed with assembly holes, and one support and two traction parts are fixed through the assembly holes The transmission device includes a gearbox sprocket 2, a coupling and a gearbox 7, the gearbox 7 is installed on the frame 1, and is connected with the coupling, and the gearbox sprocket 2 is installed on the outside of one side of the frame 1 through the coupling The power input device includes an input shaft sprocket 3 and a power input shaft 4, the input shaft sprocket 3 and the gearbox sprocket 2 are arranged on the same side, the gearbox sprocket 2 and the input sprocket 3 constitute a sprocket transmission system, and the power transmission Power input shaft 4; ditch opener 5 is fixedly connected to the rear end of frame 1, including connecting plate 501, shovel handle 502, left deflector 503, fertilization pipe 504, shovel tip 505 and right deflector 506; The belt cleaning anti-blocking unit 8 is installed on the power input shaft 4, including the shaft sleeve 801, the left knife seat 802, the middle knife seat 803, the right knife seat 804, the long straight knife 805 and the short straight knife 806; The belt cleans the outside of the anti-blocking unit 8.

Preferably, the shovel handle 502 of the ditch opener 5 is in the shape of a machete, and is arranged in the vertical direction; the connecting plate 501 is affixed to the upper front end of the shovel handle 502, and is affixed to the frame 1 through the assembly hole provided on the connecting plate 501; The left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 are respectively welded at the middle part of the front end of the shovel handle 502, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the shovel handle 502. The fertilization pipe 504 is welded at the lower part of the rear end of the shovel handle 502;

Preferably, the angle between the left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 is 2θ, and the lower ends of the left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 are 30-50 mm away from the ground.

Preferably, there are six openers 5 .

Preferably, the value of θ is 10-20°.

Preferably, the middle knife seat 803 of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 is welded at the axial middle position of the shaft sleeve 801 and arranged in the vertical direction; the left knife seat 802 is welded on the left side of the middle knife seat 803; the right knife seat 804 is welded on the The right side of the middle knife seat 803; the three knife seats are arranged in a helical line in the circumferential direction, and each of them is evenly distributed on the circumference; the long straight knife 805 is installed in the middle knife seat 803 through bolts and nuts; the short straight knife 806 is installed in the middle knife seat 803 through bolts And nut are respectively installed in the left knife seat 802, the right knife seat 804.

Preferably, the angle between the left knife seat 802 and the middle knife seat 803 on the vertical plane is α; the angle between the right knife seat 804 and the middle knife seat 803 on the vertical plane is β; the radius of rotation of the long straight knife 805 is 240mm, The depth of entry into the soil is 8-10mm; the turning radius of the short straight knife is 200mm, and the depth of entry into the soil is 4-6mm.

Preferably, there are six seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking units 8 .

Preferably, the α=β takes a value of 10-20°.

Preferably, the rotational speed of the power input shaft 4 is set at 250-350 r/min.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The left straight knife and right straight knife on the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit rotate under the drive of the knife shaft, and cooperate with the deflector on the opener to throw the straw and stubble covered by the seed belt to the non-seeding side and rear belt, thereby reducing blockage, cleaning the seed belt, and improving the quality of sowing;

2. Due to the driving operation, when the amount of straw in the field is large, it can still effectively prevent blockage and have good reliability;

3. It adopts the combined operation of long straight knife and inclined short straight knife. The structure is simple, and multiple operations of ditching, anti-blocking, and seed belt cleaning can be completed in one entry;

4. Long straight knives break stubble and ditch, short straight knives are used for cleaning and anti-blocking, and short straight knives have a small depth of entry into the soil, thereby reducing energy consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of a kind of oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left side view of the kind belt cleaning anti-blocking device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperative structure of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit and the ditch opener of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the cleaning and anti-blocking unit of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a ditch opener with a cleaning and anti-blocking device according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1—frame, 2—gearbox sprocket, 3—input shaft sprocket, 4—power input shaft, 5—opener, 501—connecting plate, 502—shovel handle, 503—left deflector , 504—fertilization pipe, 505—shovel tip, 506—right deflector, 6—suspension device, 7—gearbox, 8—with cleaning and anti-blocking unit, 801—shaft sleeve, 802—left knife seat, 803— Middle knife seat, 804—right knife seat, 805—long straight knife, 806—short straight knife, 9—machine cover.

detailed description

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention includes a frame 1, a suspension device 6, a speed change device, a power input device, a ditch opener 5, and a seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device. Unit 8 and hood 9. in,

Viewed from the end face, the frame 1 is generally T-shaped and extends axially for receiving the suspension device 6, the speed change device, the power input device, the ditching device and the cleaning and anti-blocking device.

Suspension device 6 is arranged on the frame 1 and generally in the middle position, including a support member and a traction member. There is one support member in total, which is generally arranged in a direction perpendicular to the frame 1, and one end thereof is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame 1 , the other end is processed with an assembly hole; there are two traction parts, one end is fixedly connected to the rear end of the frame 1 respectively, and the other end is processed with an assembly hole. One support piece and two traction pieces are fixed through the assembly holes. The hitch 6 can be connected with a tractor (not shown) or the like.

Speed change device comprises gearbox sprocket 2, coupling shaft and gearbox 7. The gearbox 7 is installed in the center of the frame 1 and is connected with the shaft coupling. The gearbox sprocket 2 is installed outside the end face of the frame 1 through the shaft coupling. The output power is transmitted to the The transmission sprocket 2 drives the transmission sprocket 2 to rotate.

The power input device includes an input shaft sprocket 3 and a power input shaft 4 . The input shaft sprocket 3 is arranged on the same side as the gearbox sprocket 2, and is connected with the gearbox sprocket 2 through a chain (not shown), and the power input shaft 4 is connected with the input shaft sprocket 3. The gearbox sprocket 2 and the input sprocket 3 form a sprocket transmission system, which transmits power to the power input shaft 4 .

During operation, the rotating speed of the power input shaft 4 is generally set at 250-350r/min, so as to reduce fuel consumption, improve anti-blocking effect and seed belt cleaning ability.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5, the ditch opener 5 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the frame 1, including a connecting plate 501, a shovel handle 502, a left deflector 503, a fertilization pipe 504, a shovel tip 505 and a right deflector plate 506;

The shovel handle 502 is generally in the shape of a scimitar, and is arranged roughly along the vertical direction;

The connecting plate 501 is affixed to the top of the front end of the shovel handle 502, which is generally square, and is affixed to the frame 1 through the assembly hole provided thereon;

The left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 are respectively welded at the middle part of the front end of the shovel handle 502, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the shovel handle 502. The angle between the left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 is 2θ, and the left deflector 503 and The lower end of the right deflector 506 is 30-50 mm from the ground;

The fertilization pipe 504 is welded on the lower part of the rear end of the shovel handle 502;

The shovel tip 505 is welded on the shovel handle 502 lower end.

In this embodiment, the number of openers 5 is set to six, and it should be appreciated that any number can be set as required.

As shown in Figure 1-4, the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 is installed on the power input shaft 4, including a shaft sleeve 801, a left knife seat 802, a middle knife seat 803, a right knife seat 804, a long straight knife 805 and a short straight knife Knife 806;

The middle knife seat 803 is welded at the axial middle position of the shaft sleeve 801, and is arranged roughly along the vertical direction;

The left knife seat 802 is welded on the left side of the middle knife seat 803, and the angle between the middle knife seat 803 and the vertical plane is α;

The right knife seat 804 is welded on the right side of the middle knife seat 803, and the angle between the middle knife seat 803 and the vertical plane is β;

The three tool holders are arranged in a helical line in the circumferential direction, and 3 are evenly distributed on the circumference;

The long straight knife 805 is installed in the middle knife seat 803 through bolts and nuts, the turning radius of the long straight knife 805 is 240mm, and the depth of entry into the soil is 8-10mm;

The short straight knife 806 is respectively installed in the left knife seat 802 and the right knife seat 804 through bolts and nuts. The radius of rotation of the short straight knife is 200 mm, and the depth of penetration is 4-6 mm; the depth of the short straight knife is shallow to reduce energy consumption.

In this embodiment, there are six seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking units 8 corresponding to the openers 5 . It should be appreciated that any number can be provided as desired.

The value of α=β=θ is 10-20°, and the straw and root stubble are thrown to the non-seeding zone under the action of the obliquely driven straight knife and the deflector, so as to improve the quality of sowing.

Machine cover 9 is installed on the outside of kind belt cleaning anti-blocking unit 8, and is used for protecting kind belt cleaning anti-blocking unit 8.

The working process of the oblique combination straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention is as follows.

During operation, gearbox sprocket 2 and power input sprocket 3 constitute a sprocket transmission system, which transmits power to power input shaft 4, and power input shaft 4 drives the kind belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 fixed thereon to rotate, thereby driving The long straight knife 805 and the short straight knife 806 on the anti-blocking unit 8 rotate, the long straight knife 805 breaks stubble and ditches, and the short straight knife 806 throws the stalks on the seed belt to the side rear, and the deflector plate of the ditch opener 5 The diversion of 503 and 506 falls on the non-seeding belt, thereby realizing the function of cleaning and preventing blockage of the seed belt.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these The modification or replacement does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An inclined combined straight-cutter type belt cleaning anti-blocking device comprises a rack (1), a suspension device (6), a speed change device, a power input device, a furrow opener (5), a belt cleaning anti-blocking unit (8) and a hood (9), and is characterized in that the rack (1) is used for bearing the suspension device (6), the speed change device, the power input device, the furrow opener and the cleaning anti-blocking device;

the suspension device (6) comprises 1 support piece and 2 traction pieces, one end of each support piece is fixedly connected with the front end of the rack (1), the other end of each traction piece is provided with an assembly hole, one end of each traction piece is fixedly connected with the rear end of the rack (1), the other end of each traction piece is provided with an assembly hole, and the 1 support piece and the 2 traction pieces are fixedly connected through the assembly holes;

the speed change device comprises a gearbox chain wheel (2), a coupling and a gearbox (7), wherein the gearbox (7) is arranged on the rack (1) and connected with the coupling, and the gearbox chain wheel (2) is arranged outside the end surface of one side of the rack (1) through the coupling;

the power input device comprises an input shaft chain wheel (3) and a power input shaft (4), the input shaft chain wheel (3) and the gearbox chain wheel (2) are arranged on the same side, and the gearbox chain wheel (2) and the input chain wheel (3) form a chain wheel transmission system to transmit power to the power input shaft (4);

the furrow opener (5) is fixedly connected at the rear end of the frame (1) and comprises a connecting plate (501), a shovel handle (502), a left guide plate (503), a fertilizing tube (504), a shovel tip (505) and a right guide plate (506);

the belt cleaning anti-blocking unit (8) is arranged on the power input shaft (4) and comprises a shaft sleeve (801), a left tool apron (802), a middle tool apron (803), a right tool apron (804), a long straight tool (805) and a short straight tool (806);

the hood (9) is arranged outside the cleaning anti-blocking unit (8).

2. The anti-clogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shank (502) of the furrow opener (5) is of the bent blade type, arranged in a vertical direction; the connecting plate (501) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the front end of the shovel handle (502) and is fixedly connected with the frame (1) through an assembling hole formed in the connecting plate (501); the left guide plate (503) and the right guide plate (506) are respectively welded in the middle of the front end of the shovel handle (502) and are symmetrically arranged relative to the shovel handle (502), and the fertilizing pipe (504) is welded at the lower part of the rear end of the shovel handle (502); the shovel tip (505) is welded at the lower end of the shovel handle (502).

3. The anti-blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the included angle between the left guide plate (503) and the right guide plate (506) is 2 θ, and the distance between the lower ends of the left guide plate (503) and the right guide plate (506) and the ground is 30-50 mm.

4. Anti-clogging device according to claim 3, characterized in that there are 6 furrow openers (5).

5. The anti-clogging device according to claim 3, wherein θ is 10 to 20 °.

6. The anti-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that a middle tool apron (803) with a cleaning anti-blocking unit (8) is welded at the axial middle position of the shaft sleeve (801) and is arranged along the vertical direction; the left tool apron (802) is welded on the left side of the middle tool apron (803); the right tool apron (804) is welded on the right side of the middle tool apron (803); the three tool holders are spirally arranged in the circumferential direction, and 3 tool holders are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the long straight knife (805) is arranged in the middle knife holder (803) through a bolt and a nut; the short straight knife (806) is respectively arranged in the left knife holder (802) and the right knife holder (804) through bolts and nuts.

7. The anti-blocking device according to claim 5, characterized in that the included angle between the left tool apron (802) and the middle tool apron (803) on the vertical plane is α; the included angle between the right tool apron (804) and the middle tool apron (803) on the vertical surface is beta; the radius of gyration of the long straight knife (805) is 240mm, and the depth of the soil is 8-10 mm; the radius of gyration of the short straight cutter is 200mm, and the depth of penetration is 4-6 mm.

8. The anti-clogging device according to claim 6, characterized in that the number of the belt cleaning anti-clogging units (8) is set to 6.

9. The anti-clogging device according to claim 6, wherein α ═ β, is 10 to 20 °.

10. Anti-clogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational speed of the power input shaft (4) is set to 250-350 r/min.