CN113748764A

CN113748764A - No-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with prevent stifled device

Info

Publication number: CN113748764A
Application number: CN202110938067.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄玉祥; 董建鑫; 张仕林
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2021-08-16
Filing date: 2021-08-16
Publication date: 2021-12-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine with an anti-blocking device, which comprises a fertilizer box, a frame, a concave cutter head, a cutter shaft, a stubble cleaning cutter, a ditching device, a connecting plate, a transmission device, a seed box, a seed discharging pipe and the like; the frame adopts three point suspension mode to articulate in the rear of tractor, and power passes through the belt pulley and the belt transmission gives the arbor by the gearbox, the concave surface blade disc is that concave surface triangle-shaped structure and symmetry back to back install on the arbor, throws it to the both sides in seeding area in order to realize preventing stifled when carrying out initiative cutting to straw and weeds, ditching device has row fertile and seed metering pipe when opening out seed furrow and fertile ditch concurrently, the rear at the frame is installed to the soil preparation roller, and the earth's surface after mainly working is leveled and earthing and suppression performance concurrently, for the seed germination provides good seedbed environment, the device can once only accomplish prevent operating process such as stifled, ditching, seeding, fertilization, earthing and suppression concurrently, can effectively guarantee work efficiency.

Description

No-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with prevent stifled device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a no-tillage seeder, in particular to a no-tillage fertilizing seeder with an anti-blocking device, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background

The no-tillage seeding is a main tillage mode of protective tillage technology, generally does not cultivate soil, is an important measure for preventing water and soil loss and resisting sand storms, has the advantages of improving crop yield, fertilizing soil fertility, improving soil plough layer structure, protecting ecological environment and the like, and is a common method for improving 'drought' and 'thin' soil in northern China. However, when wheat is sowed in a no-tillage mode, the phenomenon that the wheat is wound and blocks working parts is caused sometimes due to the fact that a large amount of corn straws and stubbles are covered on the ground surface, and the wheat is required to be stopped to be cleaned seriously. And after the blockage phenomenon occurs, the parts such as the land wheel, the soil covering device and the like also stop running, so that the seed sowing device can not discharge seeds or the seeds and fertilizer are exposed on the ground surface, the smooth germination of the seeds is seriously influenced, and the crop yield is reduced. Therefore, the wheat no-tillage seeding machine with good operation performance is significant to research and develop, the wheat no-tillage seeding quality is improved, and the crop yield is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine with an anti-blocking device.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a wheat no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with prevent stifled device which characterized in that: mainly comprises a fertilizer box, a frame, a concave cutter head, a cutter shaft, a stubble cleaning cutter, a ditching device, a connecting plate, a transmission device, a seed box, a seed discharging pipe and the like; the ditching device mainly comprises a ditcher shovel tip, a ditcher shovel handle, a side plate and the like and is used for ditching seed ditches and fertilizer ditches, and the transmission device mainly comprises a belt, a belt pulley, a gearbox and the like and is used for conveying and transmitting power to the whole working part; and the ditching device, the transmission device, the connecting plate and the like are all fixed on the frame.

The shovel handle of the furrow opener is of a hollow structure and has the function of a fertilizing tube, the fertilizer box is fixed on the rack, and an outer grooved wheel fertilizer distributor is adopted to apply fertilizer to soil.

The seed box is fixed on the frame, a seed discharging pipe is welded at the rear of the shovel handle of the furrow opener, which is consistent with the advancing direction of the unit, and seeds are sowed in a seed ditch formed by the furrow opener through the seed discharging pipe.

The concave surface blade disc is a concave surface triangle-shaped structure to the blade has all been opened on the both sides of blade disc, and two concave surface blade discs are installed back to back symmetry, is equipped with the stubble-cleaning sword in the middle of two blade discs and carries out certain pre-tillage to the seeding area, and the concave surface blade disc mainly cuts the breakage to remaining straw in the earth's surface and weeds on the seeding area, and throws to the both sides in seeding area, clears up a clean and tidy seeding area, and the sword is opened mainly to blade both sides is material saving, only need more exchange two blade mounted position on the arbor after the blade wearing and tearing can.

The ditching device is arranged on the rack through a fixing frame on the rack and mainly used for ditching seed ditches and fertilizer ditches and sowing seeds and fertilizers to a proper depth.

The gearbox is fixed on the frame, and the output shaft of gearbox passes through the belt with the soil preparation roller and is connected.

The soil preparation roller is fixed on the frame through the connecting plate and is arranged at the rearmost end in the same direction of advance as the unit, and cutter teeth distributed in a spiral line are arranged on the soil preparation roller, so that the ground surface after cultivation is mainly leveled, and the soil covering and pressing effects can be achieved, and seeds can germinate smoothly.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: straw and weeds on the seeding belt are initiatively cut and crushed and thrown to two sides of the seeding belt through the concave cutter head, and then the straw, stubble and weeds on the seeding belt are effectively removed, a clean seeding belt environment is cleaned, the straw and weeds are prevented from winding a furrow opener, meanwhile, the stubble-cleaning cutter carries out pre-tillage to the ground surface of the seeding belt to a certain extent, winding working parts such as the straw and the weeds are effectively prevented, along with the advance of a unit, the furrow opener opens a seed ditch and a fertilizer ditch, seeds and fertilizers in a seed box and a fertilizer box are smoothly sowed, then, a soil preparation roller levels the ground surface after ditching, seeding and fertilizing operation, the device can complete the processes of blocking prevention, ditching, seeding, fertilizing, earthing, pressing and the like at one time, meanwhile, the quality of zero-tillage seeding can also be guaranteed, and the whole-course mechanization of the whole no-tillage seeding process is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general assembly view of a no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with an anti-blocking device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a concave cutter head.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ditching device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the soil preparation roll.

In the figure: 1. the fertilizer box comprises a fertilizer box body 2, a rack 3, a concave cutter head 4, a concave cutter head 5, a stubble cleaning cutter 6, a furrow opener shovel tip 7, a land preparation roller 8, a belt pulley 9, a connecting plate 10, a belt 11, a seed box 12, a gearbox 13, a side plate 14, a furrow opener shovel handle 15 and a seed sowing pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to further understand the purpose, the working principle and the function of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1-5, the no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with the anti-blocking device comprises a fertilizer box (1), a frame (2), a concave cutter head (3), a cutter shaft (4), a stubble cleaning cutter (5), a furrow opener shovel tip (6), a land preparation roller (7), a belt pulley (8), a connecting plate (9), a belt (10), a seed box (11), a gearbox (12), a side plate (13), a furrow opener shovel handle (14), a seed sowing pipe (15) and the like. Wherein fertile case (1), arbor (4), belt pulley (8), connecting plate (9), seed case (11) and gearbox (12) all install to be fixed on frame (1), and install on arbor (4) back to back two concave surface blade discs (3), and stubble-cleaning sword (5) installation is fixed in the centre and evenly distributed of two concave surface blade discs (3), carries out the pre-tillage of certain degree to the seeding area earth's surface, provides good seedbed environment.

As shown in fig. 2, the frame (2) is hung behind a tractor in a three-point suspension mode, power is transmitted to the cutter shaft (4) through the belt pulley (8) and the belt (10) by the gearbox (12), the cutter shaft (4) advances along with the group and drives the two concave cutter heads (3) to rotate actively, the concave cutter heads (3) actively cut and crush straws and weeds on the ground surface of a seeding belt, only a small amount of straws and weeds are remained on the ground surface when a shovel tip (6) of the furrow opener passes through a shovel handle (14) of the furrow opener, the problems of winding and blocking of a ditching device caused by the straws and the weeds are effectively avoided, seeds and fertilizers are prevented from being exposed on the ground surface, and the no-tillage seeding quality is improved.

As shown in figure 3, the concave cutterhead (3) has a certain deflection angle along the advancing direction of the machine set, so that the crushed straws and weeds can be effectively and smoothly thrown to two sides of the sowing belt, and the anti-blocking performance is realized.

As shown in fig. 4, the furrowing device mainly comprises a furrow opener shovel tip (6), a side plate (13), a furrow opener shovel handle (14) and a seed discharging pipe (15), wherein the furrow opener shovel handle (14) is a hollow structure with a rectangular cross section and has the function of a fertilizing pipe, the seed discharging pipe (15) is welded at the rear part of the furrow opener shovel handle (14) and is used for sowing, and after the furrow opener passes through, seeds are sowed in soil through the furrow opener shovel handle (14) and the seed discharging pipe (15) through a fertilizer box (1) and a seed box (11), so that the sowing and fertilizing processes are completed.

As shown in fig. 5, the soil preparation roller (7) is installed at the rear of the frame (1) through a connecting plate (9), cutter teeth are uniformly distributed and distributed in a spiral line, after the seeding and fertilizing operation is completed, the soil preparation roller (7) moves forward under the traction action of a tractor, the soil surface after ditching is leveled to a certain degree, and the soil preparation roller has the functions of soil covering and pressing.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with the anti-blocking device belongs to a combined machine, can complete the operation processes of blocking prevention, ditching, seeding, fertilizing, soil covering, pressing and the like at one time, and can effectively improve the working efficiency and the no-tillage seeding quality.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and main features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications of the technical solutions of the present invention that a person skilled in the art can make without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with prevent stifled device which characterized in that: comprises a fertilizer box, a frame, a concave cutter head, a cutter shaft, a stubble cutter, a furrow opener shovel tip, a land preparation roller, a belt pulley, a connecting plate, a belt, a seed box, a gearbox, side plates, a furrow opener shovel handle, a seed discharging pipe and the like, wherein the fertilizer box, the cutter shaft, the belt pulley, the connecting plate, the seed box and the gearbox are all installed and fixed on the frame, the concave cutter head is of a concave triangular structure and is symmetrically installed on the cutter shaft back to back, straw and weeds on the surface of a sowing belt are cut and crushed and are thrown to two sides of the sowing belt, the anti-blocking performance is realized, the stubble cutter is installed and fixed in the middle of the two concave cutter heads and is evenly distributed, pre-cultivation is carried out on the surface of the sowing belt to a certain degree, and then a clean and smooth seed bed environment is provided, the ditching device has a fertilizer discharging pipe and a seed discharging pipe when a seed ditch and a fertilizer ditch are opened, the land preparation roller is installed at the rear of the frame, and is mainly used for leveling the surface after work and has soil covering and pressing functions, the device can once only accomplish operation processes such as stifled, ditching, seeding, fertilization, earthing and suppression, can effectively improve no-tillage seeding quality and work efficiency.

2. The no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with anti-blocking device of claim 1, characterized in that: the concave cutter head has a certain deflection angle along the advancing direction of the unit, and can effectively cut and crush the vertical and lodging straws and weeds remained on the ground surface of the sowing belt.

3. The no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with anti-blocking device of claim 1, characterized in that: the ditching device can simultaneously ditch out seed ditch and fertile ditch, the seed metering pipe beading is in the rear of furrow opener share shaft, can accomplish fertilization, seeding smoothly simultaneously, can effectively reduce the operation space.

4. The no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill with anti-blocking device of claim 1, characterized in that: the soil preparation roller is fixed at the rear of the frame through the connecting plate, and the friction force of the ground surface and the like are relied on to enable the soil preparation roller to roll to a certain degree while advancing along the unit, so that the functions of leveling, covering, pressing and the like can be realized.