CN106711199A - 一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,其中N元素为非III族元素,具有较低标准电势,与O有高的结合能,形成的氧化物为高阻氧化物,且其禁带宽度大于3eV,为Si、Ge、Hf、Zr、Mg、Mn、Fe、Nb、V、Sr、Ba、Rh、Co、Ca中任一种;且Cu为+1价,为材料的基体元素,与O结合形成材料的p型导电特性;N与O结合,在基体中作为空穴浓度的控制元素;Sn为+2价,与O结合也提供p型导电,且具有球形电子轨道,在非晶状态下电子云高度重合,起到空穴传输通道的作用。本发明还公开了制备p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜的方法,利用CuSrSnO陶瓷片为靶材,采用射频磁控溅射方。制得的,p型CuSrSnO非晶薄膜的空穴浓度达到1013~1015cm‑3。本发明所公开的薄膜可以用于P型非晶薄膜晶体管。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,尤其涉及一种p型非晶氧化物半导体薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
薄膜晶体管(TFT)是微电子特别是显示工程领域的核心技术之一。目前,TFT主要是基于非晶硅(a-Si)技术,但是a-Si TFT是不透光的,光敏性强,需要加掩膜层,显示屏的像素开口率低,限制了显示性能,而且a-Si迁移率较低(~2 cm2/Vs),不能满足一些应用需求。基于多晶硅(p-Si)技术的TFT虽然迁移率高,但是器件均匀性较差,而且制作成本高,这限制了它的应用。此外,有机半导体薄膜晶体管(OTFT)也有较多的研究,但是OTFT的稳定性不高,迁移率也比较低(~1 cm2/Vs),这对其实际应用是一个较大制约。
为解决上述问题,人们近年来开始致力于非晶氧化物半导体(AOS)TFT的研究,其中最具代表性的是InGaZnO。与Si基TFT不同,AOS TFT具有如下优点:可见光透明,光敏退化性小,不用加掩膜层,提高了开口率,可解决开口率低对高分辨率、超精细显示屏的限制;易于室温沉积,适用于有机柔性基板;迁移率较高,可实现高的开/关电流比,较快的器件响应速度,应用于高驱动电流和高速器件;特性不均较小,电流的时间变化也较小,可抑制面板的显示不均现象,适于大面积化用途。
由于金属氧化物特殊的电子结构,氧原子的2p能级一般都远低于金属原子的价带电子能级,不利于轨道杂化,因而O 2p轨道所形成的价带顶很深,局域化作用很强,因而空穴被严重束缚,表现为深受主能级,故此,绝大多数的氧化物本征均为n型导电,具有p型导电特性的氧化物屈指可数。目前报道的p型导电氧化物半导体主要为SnO、NiO、Cu2O、CuAlO2等为数不多的几种,但这些氧化物均为晶态结构,不是非晶形态。目前人们正在研究的AOS如InGaZnO等均为n型半导体,具有p型导电的非晶态氧化物半导体几乎没有。因而,目前报道的AOS TFT均为n型沟道,缺少p型沟道的AOS TFT,这对AOS TFT在新一代显示、透明电子学等诸多领域的应用产生了很大的制约。因而,设计和寻找并p型导电的非晶氧化物半导体薄膜是人们亟需解决的一个难题。
发明内容
本发明针对实际应用需求,拟提供一种p型非晶氧化物半导体薄膜及其制备方法。
本发明提供了一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,N元素具有下述共性:N为非III族元素,具有较低的标准电势,与O有高的结合能,N与O形成的氧化物为高阻氧化物,且其禁带宽度大于3eV,包括Si、Ge、Hf、Zr、Mg、Mn、Fe、Nb、V、Sr、Ba、Rh、Co、Ca。在p型CuNSnO体系中:Cu为+1价,为材料的基体元素,与O结合形成材料的p型导电特性;N具有较低的标准电势,与O有高的结合能,在基体中作为空穴浓度的控制元素;Sn为+2价,与O结合也能提供p型导电,且具有球形电子轨道,在非晶状态下电子云能高度重合,起到空穴传输通道的作用。
本发明所提供的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,在CuNSnO中,Cu为+1价,N为Si、Ge、Hf、Zr、Mg、Mn、Fe、Nb、V、Sr、Ba、Rh、Co、Ca中的一种,Sn为+2价;CuNSnO薄膜为非晶态,具有p型导电特性。
本发明所提供的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,进一步地,当N为Sr,此时CuNSnO即为CuSrSnO,p型CuSrSnO薄膜化学式为CuSr0.5SnyO1+y,其中0.1≦y≦0.3。
本发明还提供了制备上述p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)以高纯Cu2O、SrO和SnO粉末为原材料,混合,研磨,在1000℃的Ar气氛下烧结,制成CuSrSnO陶瓷片为靶材,其中Cu、Sr、Sn三组分的原子比为1:0.5:(0.1~0.3);
(2)采用射频磁控溅射方法,将衬底和靶材安装在溅射反应室中,抽真空至真空度低于1×10-3Pa;
(3)通入Ar-O2为工作气体,气体压强1.0~1.5Pa,Ar-O2流量体积比为10:1~10:3,溅射功率110~140W,衬底温度为25~500℃,在Ar-O2离子的轰击下,靶材表面原子和分子溅射出来,在衬底上沉积形成一层薄膜,在Ar气氛下自然冷却到室温,得到p型CuSrSnO非晶薄膜。
采用上述方法生长的p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,其性能指标为:CuSrSnO非晶薄膜具有p型导电特性,空穴浓度1013~1015cm-3,可见光透过率≧80%。
上述材料参数和工艺参数为发明人经多次实验确立的,需要严格控制,在发明人的实验中若超出上述参数的范围,则无法实现设计的p型CuSrSnO材料,也无法获得具有p型导电且为非晶态的CuSrSnO薄膜。
在p型CuNSnO体系中,N元素具有下述共性:N为非III族元素,具有较低的标准电势,与O有高的结合能,N与O形成的氧化物为高阻氧化物,且其禁带宽度大于3eV,包括Si、Ge、Hf、Zr、Mg、Mn、Fe、Nb、V、Sr、Ba、Rh、Co、Ca。除N为Sr外,当N为上述所述的其它元素时,也具有同样的机理,具有类似的性质,除CuSrSnO之外的其它的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜均能用上述类似的方法与步骤进行制备,所得的材料和器件具有类似的性能。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1)本发明所述的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,其中Cu与O结合形成具有p型导电的材料基体,N为空穴浓度的控制元素,Sn起到空穴传输通道的作用,基于上述原理,CuNSnO是一种良好的p型AOS材料。
2)本发明所述的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,具有良好的材料特性,其p型导电性能易于通过组分比例实现调控。
3)本发明所述的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,可以作为沟道层制备的p型AOS TFT,从而为p型AOS TFT的应用提供关键材料。
4)本发明所述的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,与已存在的n型InGaZnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜组合,可形成一个完整的AOS的p-n体系,且p型CuNSnO与n型InGaZnO均为透明半导体材料,因而可制作透明光电器件和透明逻辑电路,开拓AOS在透明电子产品中应用,促进透明电子学的发展。
5)本发明所述的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,可在室温下生长,与有机柔性衬底相兼容,因而可在可穿戴、智能化的柔性产品中获得广泛应用。
6)本发明所述的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,在生长过程中存在较宽的参数窗口,可实现大面积沉积,能耗低,制备工艺简单、成本低,可实现工业化生产。
具体实施例
以下结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
(1)以高纯Cu2O、SrO和SnO粉末为原材料,混合,研磨,在1000℃的Ar气氛下烧结,制成CuSrSnO陶瓷片为靶材,其中Cu、Sr、Sn三组分的原子比为1:0.5:0.1;
(2)采用射频磁控溅射方法,将衬底和靶材安装在溅射反应室中,抽真空至真空度为9×10-4Pa;
(3)通入Ar-O2为工作气体,气体压强1.0Pa,Ar-O2流量体积比为10:1,溅射功率110W,衬底温度为25℃,在Ar-O2离子的轰击下,靶材表面原子和分子溅射出来,在衬底上沉积形成一层薄膜,便得到p型CuSr0.5Sn0.1O1.1非晶薄膜。
以石英为衬底,按照上述生长步骤制得p型CuSr0.5Sn0.1O1.1薄膜,对其进行结构、电学和光学性能测试,测试结果为:薄膜为非晶态,厚度52nm;具有p型导电特性,空穴浓度1013cm-3;可见光透过率87%。
实施例2
(1)以高纯Cu2O、SrO和SnO粉末为原材料,混合,研磨,在1000℃的Ar气氛下烧结,制成CuSrSnO陶瓷片为靶材,其中Cu、Sr、Sn三组分的原子比为1:0.5:0.2;
(2)采用射频磁控溅射方法,将衬底和靶材安装在溅射反应室中,抽真空至真空度为9×10-4Pa;
(3)通入Ar-O2为工作气体,气体压强1.2Pa,Ar-O2流量体积比为10:2,溅射功率120W,衬底温度为300℃,在Ar-O2离子的轰击下,靶材表面原子和分子溅射出来,在衬底上沉积形成一层薄膜,在Ar气氛下自然冷却到室温,得到p型CuSr0.5Sn0.2O1.2非晶薄膜。
以石英为衬底,按照上述生长步骤制得p型CuSr0.5Sn0.2O1.2薄膜,对其进行结构、电学和光学性能测试,测试结果为:薄膜为非晶态,厚度57nm;具有p型导电特性,空穴浓度1014cm-3;可见光透过率83%。
实施例3
(1)以高纯Cu2O、SrO和SnO粉末为原材料,混合,研磨,在1000℃的Ar气氛下烧结,制成CuSrSnO陶瓷片为靶材,其中Cu、Sr、Sn三组分的原子比为1:0.5:0.3;
(2)采用射频磁控溅射方法,将衬底和靶材安装在溅射反应室中,抽真空至真空度为9×10-4Pa;
(3)通入Ar-O2为工作气体,气体压强1.5Pa,Ar-O2流量体积比为10:3,溅射功率140W,衬底温度为500℃,在Ar-O2离子的轰击下,靶材表面原子和分子溅射出来,在衬底上沉积形成一层薄膜,在Ar气氛下自然冷却到室温,得到p型CuSr0.5Sn0.3O1.3非晶薄膜。
以石英为衬底,按照上述生长步骤制得p型CuSr0.5Sn0.3O1.3薄膜,对其进行结构、电学和光学性能测试,测试结果为:薄膜为非晶态,厚度65nm;具有p型导电特性,空穴浓度1015cm-3;可见光透过率80%。
上述各实施例中,使用的原料Cu2O粉末、SrO粉末和SnO粉末的纯度均在99.99%以上。
本发明p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜制备所使用的衬底,并不局限于实施例中的石英片,其它各种类型的衬底均可使用。
在p型CuNSnO体系中,N元素为Si、Ge、Hf、Zr、Mg、Mn、Fe、Nb、V、Sr、Ba、Rh、Co、Ca中的一种。除N为Sr外,当N为上述所述的其它元素时,也具有同样的机理,因而也具有类似的性质,除CuSrSnO之外的其它的p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜均能用上述类似的方法与步骤进行制备,所得的材料和器件具有类似的性能。
Claims (4)
1.一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,其特征在于:所述CuNSnO中N元素为非III族元素, N与O形成的氧化物禁带宽度大于3eV,为Si、Ge、Hf、Zr、Mg、Mn、Fe、Nb、V、Sr、Ba、Rh、Co、Ca中任一种;且所述CuNSnO中Cu为+1价,为材料的基体元素,与O结合形成材料的p型导电特性;N与O结合,在基体中作为空穴浓度的控制元素;所述CuNSnO中Sn为+2价,与O结合也提供p型导电,且具有球形电子轨道,在非晶状态下电子云高度重合,起到空穴传输通道的作用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,其特征在于:N为Sr元素,此时CuNSnO即为CuSrSnO,p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物薄膜的化学式为CuSr0.5SnyO1+y,其中0.1≦y≦0.3。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜,其特征在于:p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物薄膜的空穴浓度1013~1015cm-3。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的一种p型CuNSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:制备p型CuSrSnO非晶氧化物半导体薄膜的步骤包括:
1)以高纯Cu2O、SrO和SnO粉末为原材料,混合,研磨,在1000℃的Ar气氛下烧结,制成CuSrSnO陶瓷片为靶材,其中Cu、Sr、Sn三组分的原子比为1:0.5: 0.1~0.3;
2)采用射频磁控溅射方法,将衬底和靶材安装在溅射反应室中,抽真空至真空度低于1×10-3Pa;
3)通入Ar-O2为工作气体,气体压强1.0~1.5Pa,Ar-O2流量体积比为10:1~10:3,溅射功率110~140W,衬底温度为25~500℃,在Ar-O2离子的轰击下,靶材表面原子和分子溅射出来,在衬底上沉积形成一层薄膜,在Ar气氛下自然冷却到室温,得到p型CuSrSnO非晶薄膜。
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