CN106702310A - 一种不锈钢氮化处理方法 - Google Patents

一种不锈钢氮化处理方法 Download PDF

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CN106702310A
CN106702310A CN201611214363.0A CN201611214363A CN106702310A CN 106702310 A CN106702310 A CN 106702310A CN 201611214363 A CN201611214363 A CN 201611214363A CN 106702310 A CN106702310 A CN 106702310A
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nitrogen
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洪功正
潘永刚
蔡永波
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Anhui Bao Heng New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于不锈钢技术领域，具体涉及一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，包括：（1）柠檬酸钠溶液浸泡（2）氮化处理（3）氮化处理后冷却（4）增强氮化处理。经过本发明中各步骤的复合处理后的不锈钢表面具有较高的硬度和良好的耐磨性，最外层生成一层厚厚的致密的钝化膜，可以有效提高不锈钢表面的耐蚀性。

Description

一种不锈钢氮化处理方法
技术领域
本发明属于不锈钢技术领域，具体涉及一种不锈钢氮化处理方法。
背景技术
不锈钢具有良好的硬度，耐磨性，良好的耐腐蚀性，优良的外观和寿命长等特性，广泛应用于建筑、汽车工业、造船业、海洋装置、机械设备和化学设备等行业，但是某些特殊场合，普通的不锈钢的硬度，耐磨性并不能满足需求，因此需要对不锈钢表面进行进一步的处理，从而提高其硬度和耐磨性，进而提高其应用范围，为了强化不锈钢表面的性能，现有技术中一般采用氮化处理方法来提高不锈钢的表面性能，但不锈钢内的铬原子极易于与氮原子结合，形成铬氮化物，降低了不锈钢表面铬含量，造成不锈钢耐蚀性下降。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种不锈钢氮化处理方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢放入质量浓度为1.2%的柠檬酸钠溶液中在40℃下浸泡20min，然后过滤，然后将不锈钢工件放入80℃水中，采用石墨作为电极的阴极和阳极，进行对添加的水进行电解，期间水的温度保持80℃，电解20min后，取出不锈钢工件；
（2）放入氮化炉内，将炉温升温至温度为320℃-420℃，持续通入氮气，进行第一段氮化处理，炉内压力调节至120-150MPa，保温80-100min，再将炉温升温至600℃-650℃，进行第二段氮化处理，停止通入氮气，通入经过干燥后的氢气，10min后，通入氨气，调节氨气和氢气比例至1.25:1.32，炉内压力调节至150-200MPa，保温5-8小时；
（3）渗氮完成后，关闭氢气，继续通入氨气，待温度降到200-250℃时，停止通入氨气，随炉冷却至室温；
（4）将上述处理的不锈钢在磷酸、钼酸钠和水的混合液中在50-60℃下浸泡35min，然后过滤，表面清水洗涤，烘干，即可；氮化处理后，立即采用磷酸、钼酸钠和水的混合液浸泡处理，能够极大的强化氮化处理效果，增强不锈钢表面性能。
进一步的，所述氮气的通入速度为4m³/h。
进一步的，所述氨气的通入速度为8m³/h。
进一步的，所述磷酸、钼酸钠和水的质量比为2:3:100。
本发明有益效果：经过本发明中各步骤的复合处理后的不锈钢表面具有较高的硬度和良好的耐磨性，最外层生成一层厚厚的致密的钝化膜，可以有效提高不锈钢表面的耐蚀性，经过耐腐蚀性测试表明，经本发明方法处理的不锈钢表面相较于未经任何处理的不锈钢表面耐蚀性具有明显的进一步提高，表面硬度和表面耐磨性得到极大的提高，并且，还能对不锈钢的耐疲劳性能具有一定的提高。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢放入质量浓度为1.2%的柠檬酸钠溶液中在40℃下浸泡20min，然后过滤，然后将不锈钢工件放入80℃水中，采用石墨作为电极的阴极和阳极，进行对添加的水进行电解，期间水的温度保持80℃，电解20min后，取出不锈钢工件；
（2）放入氮化炉内，将炉温升温至温度为320℃，持续通入氮气，进行第一段氮化处理，炉内压力调节至120MPa，保温80min，再将炉温升温至600℃，进行第二段氮化处理，停止通入氮气，通入经过干燥后的氢气，10min后，通入氨气，调节氨气和氢气比例至1.25:1.32，炉内压力调节至150MPa，保温5-8小时；
（3）渗氮完成后，关闭氢气，继续通入氨气，待温度降到200℃时，停止通入氨气，随炉冷却至室温；
（4）将上述处理的不锈钢在磷酸、钼酸钠和水的混合液中在50℃下浸泡35min，然后过滤，表面清水洗涤，烘干，即可。
所述氮气的通入速度为4m³/h。
所述氨气的通入速度为8m³/h。
所述磷酸、钼酸钠和水的质量比为2:3:100。
实施例2
一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢放入质量浓度为1.2%的柠檬酸钠溶液中在40℃下浸泡20min，然后过滤，然后将不锈钢工件放入80℃水中，采用石墨作为电极的阴极和阳极，进行对添加的水进行电解，期间水的温度保持80℃，电解20min后，取出不锈钢工件；
（2）放入氮化炉内，将炉温升温至温度为420℃，持续通入氮气，进行第一段氮化处理，炉内压力调节至150MPa，保温100min，再将炉温升温至650℃，进行第二段氮化处理，停止通入氮气，通入经过干燥后的氢气，10min后，通入氨气，调节氨气和氢气比例至1.25:1.32，炉内压力调节至200MPa，保温5-8小时；
（3）渗氮完成后，关闭氢气，继续通入氨气，待温度降到250℃时，停止通入氨气，随炉冷却至室温；
（4）将上述处理的不锈钢在磷酸、钼酸钠和水的混合液中在60℃下浸泡35min，然后过滤，表面清水洗涤，烘干，即可。
所述氮气的通入速度为4m³/h。
所述氨气的通入速度为8m³/h。
所述磷酸、钼酸钠和水的质量比为2:3:100。
实施例3
一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢放入质量浓度为1.2%的柠檬酸钠溶液中在40℃下浸泡20min，然后过滤，然后将不锈钢工件放入80℃水中，采用石墨作为电极的阴极和阳极，进行对添加的水进行电解，期间水的温度保持80℃，电解20min后，取出不锈钢工件；
（2）放入氮化炉内，将炉温升温至温度为380℃，持续通入氮气，进行第一段氮化处理，炉内压力调节至130MPa，保温90min，再将炉温升温至620℃，进行第二段氮化处理，停止通入氮气，通入经过干燥后的氢气，10min后，通入氨气，调节氨气和氢气比例至1.25:1.32，炉内压力调节至180MPa，保温7小时；
（3）渗氮完成后，关闭氢气，继续通入氨气，待温度降到220℃时，停止通入氨气，随炉冷却至室温；
（4）将上述处理的不锈钢在磷酸、钼酸钠和水的混合液中在55℃下浸泡35min，然后过滤，表面清水洗涤，烘干，即可。
所述氮气的通入速度为4m³/h。
所述氨气的通入速度为8m³/h。
所述磷酸、钼酸钠和水的质量比为2:3:100。
对比例1：与实施例1区别仅为不经过步骤（1）处理。
对比例2：与实施例1区别仅为步骤（2）中只经过第一段氮化处理。
对比例3：与实施例1区别仅为步骤（2）中只经过第二段氮化处理。
对比例4：与实施例1区别仅为不经过步骤（4）处理。
采用实施例、对比例对11Cr17不锈钢进行硬度（HV0.1）检测：
表1
表面硬度 30μm硬度 60μm硬度 心部硬度
实施例1 1100 1040 990 460
实施例2 1098 1038 988 458
实施例3 1096 1040 989 459
对比例1 1070 1030 980 450
对比例2 1010 970 910 390
对比例3 990 950 890 370
对比例4 1050 1020 960 440
对照组（未处理） 950 820 480 320
由表1可以看出，经过本发明方法处理的不锈钢表面硬度得到极大的提高。
对实施例处理的不锈钢进行中性（5%氯化钠）盐雾试验（GB/T 6458）：120h。

Claims (4)

1.一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢放入质量浓度为1.2%的柠檬酸钠溶液中在40℃下浸泡20min，然后过滤，然后将不锈钢工件放入80℃水中，采用石墨作为电极的阴极和阳极，进行对添加的水进行电解，期间水的温度保持80℃，电解20min后，取出不锈钢工件；
（2）放入氮化炉内，将炉温升温至温度为320℃-420℃，持续通入氮气，进行第一段氮化处理，炉内压力调节至120-150MPa，保温80-100min，再将炉温升温至600℃-650℃，进行第二段氮化处理，停止通入氮气，通入经过干燥后的氢气，10min后，通入氨气，调节氨气和氢气比例至1.25:1.32，炉内压力调节至150-200MPa，保温5-8小时；
（3）渗氮完成后，关闭氢气，继续通入氨气，待温度降到200-250℃时，停止通入氨气，随炉冷却至室温；
（4）将上述处理的不锈钢在磷酸、钼酸钠和水的混合液中在50-60℃下浸泡35min，然后过滤，表面清水洗涤，烘干，即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，其特征在于，所述氮气的通入速度为4m³/h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，其特征在于，所述氨气的通入速度为8m³/h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种不锈钢氮化处理方法，其特征在于，所述磷酸、钼酸钠和水的质量比为2:3:100。
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CN109023225A (zh) * 2018-10-11 2018-12-18 含山县林头宝兴铸造厂 一种耐腐蚀车床用齿轮
CN109338281A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-02-15 无锡能以信科技有限公司 一种440c不锈钢离子渗氮工艺
CN112813380A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-18 广东华域重工有限公司 一种钢结构的表面处理工艺

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CN105177397A (zh) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-23 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 一种粉末冶金耐磨不锈钢的制备方法

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CN109338281A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-02-15 无锡能以信科技有限公司 一种440c不锈钢离子渗氮工艺
CN112813380A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-18 广东华域重工有限公司 一种钢结构的表面处理工艺

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