CN106677766A - Experiment device for measuring low-frequency elastic wave response characteristic after liquid annular air cut - Google Patents
Experiment device for measuring low-frequency elastic wave response characteristic after liquid annular air cut Download PDFInfo
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- CN106677766A CN106677766A CN201611216869.5A CN201611216869A CN106677766A CN 106677766 A CN106677766 A CN 106677766A CN 201611216869 A CN201611216869 A CN 201611216869A CN 106677766 A CN106677766 A CN 106677766A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
Abstract
The invention discloses an experiment device for measuring a low-frequency elastic wave response characteristic after liquid annular air cut and a corresponding experiment method. The experiment device comprises a mineshaft annular air simulation part, a liquid circulation control part, a bubble generation and circulation control part and an elastic wave response characteristic measurement part. According to the experiment device for measuring the low-frequency elastic wave response characteristic after liquid annular air cut, under the condition of annular liquid quiescence or flow, conditions of the pressure, the bubble size and the gas volume fraction are controlled, particularly stable control can be achieved in the range of low gas volume fraction (0.5-2%), the phase velocity and the reduction of an elastic wave after the annular air cut are measured, the structure is simple, the reliability of the measurement data is high, and the experiment cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision, and in particular to one kind measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air is invaded rear low-frequency elastic ripple and rung
Answer the experimental provision of feature.Belong to analysis and survey control technology field.
Background technology
In order to meet national energy Strategic Demand, oil gas drilling technology is continued to develop, and current oil gas drilling is towards deeper
Layer and ocean deepwater direction are developed.In drilling process, typically mineshaft annulus (drilling rod and ground are controlled by adjusting drilling fluid density
Annular space between layer) pressure distribution so that head of liquid in annular space is more than or equal to formation fluid pressure, it is to avoid ground
Layer fluid enters annular space.Gas cut refer to gas in stratum because pressure difference or substitution effect enter mineshaft annulus, be a kind of common
Drilling complexity situation.If gas cut is dealt with improperly, well head overflow, or even gas blowout accident can be further development of, cause great
Security incident.
At the gas cut initial stage, invade during gas is present in mineshaft annulus in the form of the minute bubbles, and migrated to well head with drilling fluid.Root
According to Wood equations (Wood, 1930), after a small amount of gas is invaded in liquid, the phase velocity meeting that elastic wave is propagated in gas-liquid mixture
It is rapid to reduce.Decay in view of gas-liquid mixture Elastic Wave is larger, and gas cut is carried out using the response characteristic of low-frequency elastic ripple
Underground early stage actively monitoring is a kind of technical scheme of novelty.The low-frequency elastic after experimental technique measures analysis annular space gas cut
The response characteristic of ripple has important theory significance for realizing underground gas cut early monitoring.
The experiment measurement of low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic after annular space gas cut is realized, the technology for primarily possessing is：In annular space
The bubble of stabilization is formed in liquid stream.For gas-fluid two-phase mixture, void fraction is a basic concept, and it refers in unit
In volume gas-liquid mixture, the percent by volume shared by gas.In biphase gas and liquid flow research field, one has been formd for many years
Ripe air and liquid twophase flow experiment measurement apparatus, but these devices a bit can not be used for completing low-frequency elastic ripple response after annular space gas cut
The experiment of feature is measured, and main cause is：(1) experimental provision of tradition research biphase gas and liquid flow, in order to form the fluidised form of stabilization,
General experiment pipeline it is more long (>5m), void fraction is generally higher than 5%.And elastic wave decays significantly in gas-liquid mixture, its response
Pattern measurement must be completed in shorter tube road, and otherwise elastic wave signal attenuation is serious, it is impossible to collect reliable and effective elasticity
Ripple signal；On the other hand, for the ease of monitoring gas cut as early as possible, it is accordingly required in particular to low air void (<2%), short pipeline (<Bar 2m)
The bubble of stabilization is formed under part, this cannot be realized in traditional air and liquid twophase flow experiment device.(2) traditional biphase gas and liquid flow
Experimental provision stresses the control of convection, therefore under blister stream mode, the control ability to bubble size is weaker, and this is also uncomfortable
The experiment measurement of low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic after annular space gas cut is realized in the repacking on such device basic.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air invades rear low frequency
The experimental provision of elastic wave response feature, its can annulus fluid is static or flox condition under, control pressure, bubble size,
The conditions such as void fraction, particularly can realize stability contorting, the bullet after measurement annular space gas cut in low air void (0.5~2%) scope
Property phase velocity of wave and decay, simple structure, the reliability of measurement data are high, and experimental cost is low.
Present invention also offers one kind rear low-frequency elastic ripple response spy is invaded using above-mentioned experimental provision measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air
The experimental technique levied.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is used with following technical proposals：
A kind of to measure the experimental provision that Breakup of Liquid Ring air invades rear low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic, it includes following four part：
Mineshaft annulus analog portion, including inner tube and its outside sealed outer pipe is sheathed on, bottom and the annular of inner tube
Inner tube base is fixedly connected, and annular inner tube base is provided with liquid guide flow mouthful and foaming aciculiform hole, wherein, inner tube simulation wellbore hole,
More than annular inner tube base, the annular space simulation wellbore hole annular space formed between sealed outer pipe and inner tube；
Liquid circulation control section, including liquid circulation lines, one end probe into inner tube, and the other end is connected to sealed outer pipe top
The opening I that portion side opens up so that the liquid of injection inner tube flows through liquid guide flow mouth, annular space, opening I and liquid circulating pipe successively
Road, then flows back to inner tube by liquid circulation lines, forms circulation；
Bubble formation and loop control part, including positioned at the gas injecting structure of sealed outer pipe bottom side, its outlet
End is connected with foaming aciculiform hole, and the top side of the sealed outer pipe is provided with opening II, and it is connected to gas recovery structure, and
And, the position of opening II is higher than opening I；And
Elastic wave response pattern measurement part, including traverse measurement plate, impulse generator and oscillograph, the traverse measurement
Board is located between sealed outer pipe and inner tube, and upper surface and the lower surface of traverse measurement plate of annular inner tube base are respectively equipped with phase
Same quantity and the low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II that align one by one；Wherein, low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and arteries and veins
Rush generator connection, the input of oscillograph is respectively connecting to impulse generator and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II, oscillograph it is defeated
Go out end and be connected to computer.
The internal diameter of said inner tube is preferably 25.4~76.2mm, 0.5~2m of length.
The internal diameter of the sealed outer pipe is preferably 50.8~127mm, 0.5~2m of length.
The annular inner tube base includes annular inner tube base, and annular inner tube base is provided with four low frequency pressures
Electric transducer I, four liquid guide flows mouthful and eight foaming aciculiform holes, their center are respectively positioned on annular center line, wherein, it is low
Frequency piezoelectric transducer I is uniformly distributed with liquid guide flow mouthful interval, and foaming aciculiform hole position is in low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and liquid guide flow
Centre position between mouthful.
Described liquid guide flow mouthful is through hole with foaming aciculiform hole, is selected and/or is noted by the aperture in aciculiform hole of foaming
Gas discharge capacity, to form various sizes of bubble.
The aperture in the foaming aciculiform hole is preferably 0.2~3.0mm, and the size range for forming bubble is 1~6mm.
The material of said inner tube and sealed outer pipe is preferably transparent reinforcing lucite tube, the annular inner tube base base
The material at bottom is preferably transparent with machine glass plate, is controlled in order to observe bubble formation situation and circulation in measurement process is tested
System.
Preferably, it is tightly connected by pressure-resistant pipe between all parts of liquid circulation control section.
It is sequentially provided with the liquid circulation lines：Fluid reservoir, hydraulic pump, booster jar, pressure gauge I, valve I, liquid flow
Gauge I and liquid injecting tube, the liquid injecting tube probe into inner tube, and opening I is provided with the top side of sealed outer pipe, itself and valve
Door II is connected, and valve II is connected to fluid reservoir by fluid flowmeter II.
Preferably, it is tightly connected by pressure-resistant pipe between all parts of bubble formation and loop control part.
The gas injecting structure includes the gas cylinder, pressure gauge II, valve III, gas flowmeter I and the gas that are sequentially connected
Ascending pipe, the opening II is connected with pressure gauge III, and pressure gauge III is connected to gas and returns by valve IV and gas flowmeter II
Closed cans.
Preferably, the foaming aciculiform hole has several, is tightly connected with gas injection tube after their parallel connections.
The traverse measurement plate is fixedly connected with gag lever post, is positioned at traverse measurement plate by above carrying or transferring gag lever post
Two known annular space positions.
The traverse measurement plate includes traverse measurement plate substrate, and its overall dimensions is adapted with the internal diameter of sealed outer pipe, moves
The center of dynamic measurement plate substrate is provided with through hole, and the diameter of through hole is adapted with the external diameter of inner tube, and four are circumferentially uniformly provided with along through hole
Individual branch, the lower surface of each branch is respectively provided with a low frequency piezoelectric transducer II.
Preferably, the low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II are pasted on ring by epoxy resin respectively
The upper surface of shape base and the lower surface of branch.
The material of the traverse measurement plate substrate is preferably transparent with machine glass plate.
The working frequency of the low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II is 20~200Hz.
A kind of experimental technique that rear low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic is invaded using above-mentioned experimental provision measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air,
After completing topping up and inflating pressure, liquid circulation is set up by liquid circulation control section, then using bubble formation and circulation
Gas circulation is set up in control section, then makes to produce bubble at foaming aciculiform hole and be distributed in annular space, finally, using elastic wave
Response characteristic measurement is partially completed the analysis and calculating of elastic wave response feature.
The experimental technique is comprised the following steps that：
(1) before experiment starts, first by all valve closings；Prepare the liquid of q.s in fluid reservoir.
(2) switch on power, open hydraulic pump, to slow pump liquid in booster jar, treat that pressure gauge I reaches predetermined pressure
Afterwards, hydraulic pump is closed；It is slow to open valve I and valve II, it is directly injected into liquid to inner tube；When annulus liquid level highly reaches valve
II and valve IV residing for height between when, close valve I and valve II, complete topping up；
(3) it is slow to open valve III, note observing the registration change of pressure gauge III, set real when the registration of pressure gauge III reaches
When testing pressure, valve III is closed, complete inflating pressure；
(4) if measuring the elastic wave response feature under annulus fluid static position, it is directly entered step (5)；If
Elastic wave response feature under measurement annulus fluid loop condition, then it is first slow to open valve I, then valve II is slowly opened, adjust
Section valve I and valve II, make fluid flowmeter I identical with the registration of fluid flowmeter II, set up liquid circulation；
(5) it is first slow to open valve III, then slow opening valve IV, control valve III and valve IV, make gas flowmeter I
Registration with gas flowmeter II is identical, sets up gas circulation；After after gas circulation stabilization, slow control valve III and valve
IV, make the Air Bubble Size produced at foaming aciculiform hole basically identical；
(6) after gas circulation and bubble dimensionally stable, distribution situation of the bubble in annular space is shot using DV,
Process extraction bubble actual size size on computers for the later stage；
(7) above carry or transfer gag lever post, take two anchor points, the anchor point nearer apart from low frequency piezoelectric transducer I is remembered
It is A, another is designated as B, is respectively started elastic wave response pattern measurement part, exciting and receiving for two anchor points is recorded respectively
Signal：Impulse generator produces the voltage pulse of fixed frequency and width, and the voltage pulse is another on the one hand by oscillograph recording
Aspect excitation low frequency piezoelectric transducer I produces impulse oscillation, forms elastic wave focus；The elastic wave by annular space gas-liquid mixed
After thing is propagated, received by low frequency piezoelectric transducer II, elastic wave vibration is converted into voltage signal, and gathered by oscillograph；Show
The excitation pulse signal and reception signal of ripple device collection are sent to computer together, and elastic wave response feature is completed on computers
Analysis and calculating.
Signal analysis in step (7) and the specific method for calculating are：
According to formulaElastic phase velocity of wave v is calculated, wherein, L is the distance between two anchor point A and B；tA
It is, when anchor point A is measured, to receive the time that first crest of signal is reached；tBIt is, when anchor point B is measured, to receive signal the
The time that one crest is reached；
According to formulaAttenuation of elastic wave α is calculated, wherein, L is the distance between two anchor point A and B；
PAIt is, when anchor point A is measured, to receive first peak value of crest of signal；PBIt is, when anchor point B is measured, to receive signal first
The peak value of individual crest.
In whole experiment process, note observing the registration of pressure gauge I and pressure gauge II, set when the registration of pressure gauge I is close
When determining experimental pressure, should in time start hydraulic pump to liquid make-up in booster jar；When the registration of pressure gauge II close to setting experiment pressure
During power, gas cylinder supplement source of the gas should be in time changed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) low frequency piezoelectric transducer, liquid guide flow mouthful and foaming aciculiform hole are concentrated and is designed on annular inner tube base, both
Simplify apparatus structure, ensure that bubble be uniformly distributed in annular space and with liquid at the uniform velocity on move, improve measurement data
Reliability；
(2) received in two signals of anchor point by traverse measurement plate, can simultaneously complete elastic phase velocity of wave and decay
Survey calculation, save one group of low frequency piezoelectric transducer, reduce experimental cost；
(3) liquid circulation of the experimental provision separates independent control with gas circulation, by flow control and foaming aciculiform
The selection of hole size, can effectively control bubble size, particularly realize the stabilization control in low air void (0.5~2%) scope
System.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the experimental provision that a kind of measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air of the invention invades rear low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of part 3 in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of part 4 in Fig. 1；
Wherein, 1 is sealed outer pipe；2 is inner tube；3 is annular inner tube base；4 is traverse measurement plate；5 is gag lever post；6 are
Impulse generator；7 is oscillograph；8 is computer；9 is liquid injecting tube；10 is fluid flowmeter；11 is valve I；12 is pressure
Power table I；13 is booster jar；14 is hydraulic pump；15 is fluid reservoir；16 is valve II；17 is fluid flowmeter II；18 note for gas
Enter pipe；19 is gas flowmeter I；20 is valve III；21 is pressure gauge II；22 is gas cylinder；23 is pressure gauge III；24 is valve
Ⅳ；25 is gas flowmeter II；26 is gas recycling can；31 is inner tube base；32 is low frequency piezoelectric transducer I；33 are
Liquid guide flow mouthful；34 is foaming aciculiform hole；41 is traverse measurement plate substrate；42 is low frequency piezoelectric transducer II.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it should explanation, and the description below is only
It is, in order to explain the present invention, its content not to be defined.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a kind of measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air of the invention invades the experiment dress of rear low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic
Put, it includes mineshaft annulus analog portion, liquid circulation control section, bubble formation and loop control part and elastic wave response
The part of pattern measurement part four, it is specific as follows：
Mineshaft annulus analog portion：Including inner tube 2 and the sealed outer pipe 1 being sheathed on outside its, the bottom of inner tube 2 and ring
Shape inner tube base 3 is fixedly connected, and annular inner tube base 3 is provided with liquid guide flow mouthful 33 and foaming aciculiform hole 34, wherein, inner tube 3
Simulation wellbore hole, in annular inner tube base more than 3, the annular space simulation wellbore hole annular space formed between sealed outer pipe 1 and inner tube 2；
The internal diameter of inner tube 2 is 25.4mm, length 1.5m；The internal diameter of sealed outer pipe 1 is 76.2mm, length 2m.
Annular inner tube base 3 includes annular inner tube base 31, and annular inner tube base 31 is provided with four low frequencies
Piezoelectric transducer I 32, four liquid guide flows mouthful 33 and eight foaming aciculiform holes 34, their center is respectively positioned on annular center line
On, wherein, low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 is uniformly distributed with the interval of liquid guide flow mouthful 33, and foaming aciculiform hole 34 is located at low frequency piezoelectricity
Centre position between sensor I 32 and liquid guide flow mouthful 33.Liquid guide flow mouthful 33 is through hole with foaming aciculiform hole 34, passes through
The aperture selection in foaming aciculiform hole 34 and/or gas injection discharge capacity, to form various sizes of bubble.The aperture in foaming aciculiform hole 34 is
0.2mm, forms the size range of bubble for 1.5~2.1mm, void fraction 0.5~1.0%.
The material of inner tube 2 and sealed outer pipe 1 is transparent reinforcing lucite tube, the material of annular inner tube base 31
It is transparent with machine glass plate, in order to observe bubble formation situation and loop control in measurement process is tested.
Liquid circulation control section：Including be sequentially connected fluid reservoir 15, hydraulic pump 14, booster jar 13, pressure gauge I 12,
Valve I 11, fluid flowmeter I 10 and liquid injecting tube 9, liquid injecting tube 9 probe into inner tube 2, in the top side of sealed outer pipe 1
Opening I is provided with, it is connected with valve II 16, valve II 16 is connected to fluid reservoir 15 by fluid flowmeter II 17.Liquid circulation
It is tightly connected by pressure-resistant pipe between all parts of control section.Liquid medium is distilled water.
Liquid circulation path is：11 → fluid flowmeter of fluid reservoir 15 → hydraulic pump, 14 → booster jar, 13 → valve I I 10 →
9 → inner tube of liquid injecting tube, 2 → liquid guide flow mouthful, 33 → mineshaft annulus → valve II 16 → fluid flowmeter, II 17 → fluid reservoir
15。
Bubble formation and loop control part：Including the gas cylinder 22, pressure gauge II 21, the valve III 20, gas that are sequentially connected
Flow meter I 19 and gas injection tube 18, are tightly connected after the parallel connection of foaming aciculiform hole 34 with gas injection tube 18, sealed outer pipe 1
Top side is provided with opening II, also, the position of opening II is higher than opening I, and opening II is connected with pressure gauge III 23, pressure gauge III
23 are connected to gas recycling can by valve IV 24 and gas flowmeter II 25.Gas medium is nitrogen.
Gas circulation path is：I 19 → gas injection tube of gas cylinder 22 → valve, III 20 → gas flowmeter, 18 → eight hairs
34 → mineshaft annulus of bubble aciculiform hole → valve IV 24 → gas flowmeter, II 25 → gas recycling can 26.Gas flow control is in mark
240~270ml/min under quasi- state.
Elastic wave response pattern measurement part：Including low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32, low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42, movement
Measurement plate 4, impulse generator 6 and oscillograph 7, traverse measurement plate 4 are arranged between sealed outer pipe 1 and inner tube 2, ttom of pipe in annular
The low frequency piezoelectric transducer I that the upper surface of seat 3 is respectively equipped with equal number and aligns one by one with the lower surface of traverse measurement plate 4
32 and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42；Wherein, low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 is connected with impulse generator 6, the input of oscillograph 7
End is respectively connecting to impulse generator 6 and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42, and the output end of oscillograph 7 is connected to computer 8.
Traverse measurement plate 4 is fixedly connected with gag lever post 5, is positioned at traverse measurement plate 4 by above carrying or transferring gag lever post 5
Two known annular space positions.Traverse measurement plate 4 includes traverse measurement plate substrate 41, and its overall dimensions is interior with sealed outer pipe 1
Footpath is adapted, and the center of traverse measurement plate substrate 41 is provided with through hole, and the diameter of through hole is adapted with the external diameter of inner tube 2, along through hole
Four branches circumferentially are uniformly provided with, the lower surface of each branch is respectively provided with a low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42.
Low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42 are pasted on annular base base by epoxy resin respectively
The upper surface at bottom 31 and the lower surface of branch.
The material of traverse measurement plate substrate 41 is transparent with machine glass plate.
The working frequency of low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42 is 150Hz.
A kind of experimental technique that rear low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic is invaded using above-mentioned experimental provision measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air,
After completing topping up and inflating pressure, liquid circulation is set up by liquid circulation control section, then using bubble formation and circulation
Gas circulation is set up in control section, then makes to produce bubble at foaming aciculiform hole 34 and be distributed in annular space, finally, using elasticity
Ripple response characteristic measurement is partially completed the analysis and calculating of elastic wave response feature.
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) before experiment starts, first by all valve closings；Prepare the liquid of q.s in fluid reservoir 15.
(2) switch on power, open hydraulic pump 14, to slow pump liquid in booster jar 13, treat that pressure gauge I 12 reaches predetermined
After pressure, hydraulic pump 14 is closed；It is slow to open valve I 11 and valve II 16, it is directly injected into liquid to inner tube 2；Work as annulus liquid level
When between the height highly residing for arrival valve II 16 and valve IV 24, valve I 11 and valve II 16 are closed, complete topping up；
(3) it is slow to open valve III 20, note observing the registration change of pressure gauge III 23, when the registration of pressure gauge III 23 reaches
During setting experimental pressure, valve III 20 is closed, complete inflating pressure；
(4) if measuring the elastic wave response feature under annulus fluid static position, it is directly entered step (5)；If
Elastic wave response feature under measurement annulus fluid loop condition, then it is first slow to open valve I 11, then slowly open valve II
16, control valve I 11 and valve II 16 make fluid flowmeter I 10 identical with the registration of fluid flowmeter II 17, set up liquid and follow
Ring；
(5) it is first slow to open valve III 20, then slow opening valve IV 24, control valve III 20 and valve IV 24, make gas
Flowmeter body I 19 is identical with the registration of gas flowmeter II 25, sets up gas circulation；It is slow to adjust after after gas circulation stabilization
Valve III 20 and valve IV 24, make the Air Bubble Size produced at foaming aciculiform hole 34 basically identical；
(6) after gas circulation and bubble dimensionally stable, distribution situation of the bubble in annular space is shot using DV,
Process extraction bubble actual size size on computers for the later stage；
(7) above carry or transfer gag lever post 5, take two anchor points, by the anchor point nearer apart from low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32
A is designated as, another is designated as B, is respectively started elastic wave response pattern measurement part, exciting and connecing for two anchor points is recorded respectively
The collection of letters number：Impulse generator 6 produces the voltage pulse of fixed frequency and width, the voltage pulse on the one hand to be recorded by oscillograph 7,
On the other hand excitation low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 produces impulse oscillation, forms elastic wave focus；The elastic wave by annular space gas
After liquid mixture is propagated, received by low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42, elastic wave vibration is converted into voltage signal, and by oscillograph
7 collections；The excitation pulse signal and reception signal of the collection of oscillograph 7 are sent to computer 8 together, and bullet is completed on computer 8
The analysis and calculating of property ripple response characteristic.
Signal analysis in step (7) and the specific method for calculating are：
According to formulaElastic phase velocity of wave v is calculated, wherein, L is the distance between two anchor point A and B；tA
It is, when anchor point A is measured, to receive the time that first crest of signal is reached；tBIt is, when anchor point B is measured, to receive signal the
The time that one crest is reached；
According to formulaAttenuation of elastic wave α is calculated, wherein, L is the distance between two anchor point A and B；PA
It is, when anchor point A is measured, to receive first peak value of crest of signal；PBIt is, when anchor point B is measured, to receive signal first
The peak value of crest.
In whole experiment process, note observing the registration of pressure gauge I 12 and pressure gauge II 21, when the registration of pressure gauge I 12
During close to setting experimental pressure, should in time start hydraulic pump 14 to liquid make-up in booster jar 13；When the registration of pressure gauge II 21 connects
During nearly setting experimental pressure, the supplement source of the gas of gas cylinder 22 should be in time changed.
Embodiment 2：
The internal diameter of inner tube 2 is 25.4mm, length 1.5m；The internal diameter of sealed outer pipe 1 is 101.6mm, length 2m.Foaming aciculiform
The aperture in hole 34 is 0.6mm, and gas flow controls 310~360ml/min in normal conditions, and the size range for forming bubble is
1.9~2.8mm, void fraction 1.8~2.7%.The working frequency of low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42 is
100Hz.Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3：
The internal diameter of inner tube 2 is 50.8mm, length 1.5m；The internal diameter of sealed outer pipe 1 is 127mm, length 2m.Foaming aciculiform hole
34 aperture is 2mm, and gas flow controls 430~490ml/min in normal conditions, and the size range for forming bubble is 2.3
~4.5mm, void fraction 3.5~4.4%.The working frequency of low frequency piezoelectric transducer I 32 and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II 42 is
50Hz.Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Although above-mentioned be described with reference to accompanying drawing to structure of the invention and application method, not the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope, on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not pay creative work
The various modifications or deformation made are still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Breakup of Liquid Ring air that measures invades the experimental provision of rear low-frequency elastic ripple response characteristic, it is characterised in that it include with
Lower four parts：
Mineshaft annulus analog portion, including inner tube and be sheathed on its outside sealed outer pipe, the bottom of inner tube and annular inner tube
Base is fixedly connected, and annular inner tube base is provided with liquid guide flow mouthful and foaming aciculiform hole, wherein, inner tube simulation wellbore hole, in ring
It is more than shape inner tube base, the annular space simulation wellbore hole annular space formed between sealed outer pipe and inner tube；
Liquid circulation control section, including liquid circulation lines, one end probe into inner tube, and the other end is connected to sealed outer pipe top one
The opening I that side opens up so that the liquid of injection inner tube flows through liquid guide flow mouth, annular space, opening I and liquid circulation lines successively,
Then inner tube is flowed back to by liquid circulation lines, forms circulation；
Bubble formation and loop control part, including positioned at the gas injecting structure of sealed outer pipe bottom side, its outlet side with
Foaming aciculiform hole connection, the top side of the sealed outer pipe is provided with opening II, and it is connected to gas recovery structure, also, opens
The position of mouth II is higher than opening I；And
Elastic wave response pattern measurement part, including traverse measurement plate, impulse generator and oscillograph, the traverse measurement board
Between sealed outer pipe and inner tube, the upper surface of annular inner tube base is respectively equipped with identical number with the lower surface of traverse measurement plate
The low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II measured and align one by one；Wherein, low frequency piezoelectric transducer I is sent out with pulse
Raw device connection, the input of oscillograph is respectively connecting to impulse generator and low frequency piezoelectric transducer II, the output end of oscillograph
It is connected to computer.
2. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the annular inner tube base includes annular inner tube base
Substrate, annular inner tube base is provided with four low frequency piezoelectric transducer I, four liquid guide flows mouthful and eight foaming aciculiforms
Hole, their center is respectively positioned on annular center line, wherein, low frequency piezoelectric transducer I is uniformly distributed with liquid guide flow mouthful interval,
Centre position of the foaming aciculiform hole position between low frequency piezoelectric transducer I and liquid guide flow mouthful.
3. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be sequentially provided with the liquid circulation lines：Liquid storage
Tank, hydraulic pump, booster jar, pressure gauge I, valve I, fluid flowmeter I and liquid injecting tube, the liquid injecting tube probe into interior
Pipe, opening I is provided with the top side of sealed outer pipe, and it is connected with valve II, and valve II is connected to by fluid flowmeter II
Fluid reservoir.
4. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas injecting structure includes the gas being sequentially connected
Bottle, pressure gauge II, valve III, gas flowmeter I and gas injection tube, the opening II are connected with pressure gauge III, pressure gauge III
Gas recycling can is connected to by valve IV and gas flowmeter II.
5. experimental provision according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the foaming aciculiform hole has several, they are in parallel
It is tightly connected with gas injection tube afterwards.
6. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the traverse measurement plate is fixedly connected with gag lever post,
Traverse measurement plate is positioned at two known annular space positions by above carrying or transferring gag lever post.
7. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the traverse measurement plate includes traverse measurement plate base
Bottom, the internal diameter of its overall dimensions and sealed outer pipe is adapted, and the center of traverse measurement plate substrate is provided with through hole, the diameter of through hole with
The external diameter of inner tube is adapted, and four branches are circumferentially uniformly provided with along through hole, and the lower surface of each branch is respectively provided with a low frequency
Piezoelectric transducer II.
8. it is a kind of to invade rear low-frequency elastic ripple sound using experimental provision measurement Breakup of Liquid Ring air any one of claim 1~7
Answer the experimental technique of feature, it is characterised in that after topping up and inflating pressure is completed, liquid is set up by liquid circulation control section
Body circulation, then sets up gas circulation using bubble formation and loop control part, then makes to produce bubble at foaming aciculiform hole
And be distributed in annular space, finally, the analysis and calculating of elastic wave response feature are partially completed using elastic wave response pattern measurement.
9. experimental technique according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the experimental technique is comprised the following steps that：
(1) before experiment starts, first by all valve closings；Prepare the liquid of q.s in fluid reservoir.
(2) switch on power, open hydraulic pump, to slow pump liquid in booster jar, after pressure gauge I reaches predetermined pressure, close
Close hydraulic pump；It is slow to open valve I and valve II, it is directly injected into liquid to inner tube；When annulus liquid level highly reaches the He of valve II
When between the height residing for valve IV, valve I and valve II are closed, complete topping up；
(3) it is slow to open valve III, note observing the registration change of pressure gauge III, when the registration of pressure gauge III reaches setting experiment pressure
During power, valve III is closed, complete inflating pressure；
(4) if measuring the elastic wave response feature under annulus fluid static position, it is directly entered step (5)；If measurement
Elastic wave response feature under annulus fluid loop condition is then first slow to open valve I, then slow opening valve II, regulating valve
Door I and valve II, make fluid flowmeter I identical with the registration of fluid flowmeter II, set up liquid circulation；
(5) it is first slow to open valve III, then slow opening valve IV, control valve III and valve IV, make gas flowmeter I gentle
The registration of flowmeter body II is identical, sets up gas circulation；After after gas circulation stabilization, slow control valve III and valve IV make
The Air Bubble Size produced at foaming aciculiform hole is basically identical；
(6) after gas circulation and bubble dimensionally stable, distribution situation of the bubble in annular space is shot using DV, is used for
Later stage processes extraction bubble actual size size on computers；
(7) above carry or transfer gag lever post, take two anchor points, the anchor point nearer apart from low frequency piezoelectric transducer I is designated as A,
Another is designated as B, is respectively started elastic wave response pattern measurement part, and exciting and receiving letter for two anchor points is recorded respectively
Number：Impulse generator produces the voltage pulse of fixed frequency and width, and the voltage pulse is on the one hand by oscillograph recording, the opposing party
Face encourages low frequency piezoelectric transducer I to produce impulse oscillation, forms elastic wave focus；The elastic wave by annular space gas-liquid mixture
After propagation, received by low frequency piezoelectric transducer II, elastic wave vibration is converted into voltage signal, and gathered by oscillograph；Oscillography
The excitation pulse signal and reception signal of device collection are sent to computer together, and elastic wave response feature is completed on computers
Analysis and calculating.
10. experimental technique according to claim 9, it is characterised in that signal analysis in step (7) and calculate it is specific
Method is：
According to formulaElastic phase velocity of wave v is calculated, wherein, L is the distance between two anchor point A and B；tAIt is fixed
When site A is measured, the time that first crest of signal is reached is received；tBIt is, when anchor point B is measured, to receive first ripple of signal
The time that peak is reached；
According to formulaAttenuation of elastic wave α is calculated, wherein, L is the distance between two anchor point A and B；PABe
When anchor point A is measured, first peak value of crest of signal is received；PBIt is, when anchor point B is measured, to receive first crest of signal
Peak value.
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