CN103217131A - Method and device for testing loose circle of surrounding rock - Google Patents
Method and device for testing loose circle of surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN103217131A CN103217131A CN2013101201361A CN201310120136A CN103217131A CN 103217131 A CN103217131 A CN 103217131A CN 2013101201361 A CN2013101201361 A CN 2013101201361A CN 201310120136 A CN201310120136 A CN 201310120136A CN 103217131 A CN103217131 A CN 103217131A
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 54
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for testing a loose circle of surrounding rock, relates to the technical field of testing of the loose circle of the surrounding rock and aims at enabling the operation to be simpler and the test to be more precise. The method comprises the following steps of injecting fluid into at least two preset hole sections of a drill hole in a preset time period under a preset pressure condition; and determining the thickness of the loose circle of the surrounding rock according to the flow rate difference of the fluid injected into the at least two preset hole sections. The device for testing the loose circle of the surrounding rock comprises a test tube, at least two capsules, through holes and a flow meter, wherein the at least two capsules are arranged on the periphery of the test tube at intervals; the through holes are arranged in a tube section of the test tube between each two adjacent capsules; fluid inputted in the tube section between each two adjacent capsules only can flow out through the through holes in the tube section between each two adjacent capsules; an outlet of a capsule expansion medium conveyance tube is arranged in one of the capsules so that the interiors of each two adjacent capsules are communicated through a pipeline; and the flow meter is arranged on the pipeline of a test fluid conveyance pipe. The method and the device for testing the loose circle of the surrounding rock, disclosed by the invention, are suitable for the tests in the thickness of the loose circle of the surrounding rock and the distribution of fracture regions of the loose circle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test of wall rock loosening ring, relate in particular to the method for testing and the testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring.
Background technology
It is a universal phenomenon that there is relaxation zone in underground chamber country rock excavation, be mainly derived from the volumetric expansion of broken rock in the relaxation zone, and the broken bulging deformation that the object of underground chamber supporting mainly is a relaxation zone in forming, relaxation zone is thick more, surrouding rock deformation power is big more, and supporting is difficult more.Up to the present, the relaxation zone distribution situation all obtains by field measurement.
The relaxation zone measurement method is a lot, and can be divided into two big classes substantially: a class is the Direct observation relative method, and another kind of is physical method.
What (1) the Direct observation relative method was commonly used comprises: borehole periscope method, sight borehole television method, method, the multipoint displacement meter method etc. of coring of holing.
Borehole periscope method: differentiate the relaxation zone scope by direct observation of the optical prism system of band light source or film recording hole wall time-delay state.The rock periscope has electric light source and inclined mirror, the observation of can deeply holing, and the rock periscope has camera simultaneously, can shine the country rock crack to be analyzed and relatively differentiate the relaxation zone scope.
See the borehole television method: pass to terrestrial television by video camera in the special hole, observed and recorded hole wall rock state is differentiated the fracture area scope then.It is to encode after the residing depth value of the probe that records is converted into digital quantity again, and enter synchronously in the dynamic character superimposer with video signal that video camera is taken, after by character adder depth value and video signal being superposeed again, output to mode video signal and to carry out synchronous recording in the record machine or on display, to carry out real time monitoring.The characteristics of this method are: the scope of application is very extensive, not only can be in the boring of various directions such as vertical, inclination, horizontal drilling etc.; Result of detection is clear, directly perceived, observes also to have certain Space, meets the eye-observation custom; In addition, this equipment volume is little, in light weight, easy to carry, simple to operate, only need simply connect just and can directly operate.
The boring method of coring: with drill core series arrangement from shallow to deep, through more definite.Though this method is simple, convenient, directly perceived, practical, for weakness or fragmented rock body, when the boring and coring rate is relatively low, be difficult to more complete, obtain geologic information in the boring exactly, differentiate to relaxation zone and bring certain difficulty.
Multipoint displacement meter method: utilize measuring point displacement or the sudden change of displacement velocity of wave in the rupture zone, through relatively determining the relaxation zone scope.This method normally arrives at excavation and has just buried the multiple spot displacement meter before desire is surveyed section, just can reach better effects.The advantage of multipoint displacement meter method of testing is that test data is reliable, but shortcoming is that the observation workload is big; Instrument is disposable consumption, the expense height, and precision is relatively poor, and required time is also longer relatively.
(2) physical method is commonly used comprises deformation resistivity method, sound detection and geological radar measurement method etc.
Deformation resistivity method: be the scope of differentiating relaxation zone to the resistivity difference with the resistivity of rocks with joint, crack, principle that the hole situation is different and different of utilizing various rocks.This method advantage is that the cloth point measurement is convenient, test specification big, observation is simple, fast, economical, do not destroy the original state of rock mass, and can once lay some groups of electrode segment (district) observation, time sight for a long time.Shortcoming is that accuracy of instrument is had relatively high expectations, and needs the technical requirement height of good arrangement of electrodes.
Sound detection: be to utilize acoustic velocity difference in each rocks, and rock of the same race is judged the relaxation zone scope with the degree increase velocity of sound reduction principle of breaking.The velocity of wave of sound wave increases and reduces with medium cranny development, density reduction, acoustic impedance, increases with stress increase, density.Therefore, the acoustic velocity height that records illustrates that then the country rock integrality is good, and there is the crack in the low explanation of velocity of wave country rock, and country rock has the generation of destruction.Measure rock mass velocity value, make the degree of depth and velocity of wave curve, and then go out the wall rock loosening ring thickness of tested chamber according to relevant geologic information deducibility apart from country rock surface different depth.The advantage of this method is the measuring technology mature and reliable, and principle is simple, and instrument cheaply can be reused.The subject matter that exists is, in test, often will provide wind and water pipe, and workload is bigger.
Geological radar measurement method: be to utilize radar to produce high frequency short pulse electromagnetic wave and energy is launched in the rock mass medium, utilize the reflection wave difference on the interface such as joint, crack fracture in the rock mass medium to come the position of fracture detection, differentiate the relaxation zone scope.The advantage of geological radar method test is need not hole, precision, efficient and resolution height, and flexible, section is directly perceived, and test is quick, and the scene can obtain crack location figure, draws the relaxation zone scope; Its shortcoming is the instrument costliness.
Sound detection the most commonly in these measurement methods, but also usefulness more and more of detection radar measurement method in recent years.
The inventor finds that the measurement method of present wall rock loosening ring is all relatively wasted time and energy and the testing expense costliness in realizing process of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of testing of wall rock loosening ring, and is simple to operate and can test out the thickness of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that method of testing adopted of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention is:
A kind of method of testing of wall rock loosening ring comprises: along the direction perpendicular to the country rock sidewall, the hole of drilling in country rock; Under preset time section and pressure condition, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively; According to the flow difference of the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring.
Wherein, described at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and the flow that is recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively comprises: to the first nearest predetermined hole section injection pressure fluid of described boring middle distance country rock sidewall, and be recorded in the flow of the fluid that injects to this first predetermined hole section under described preset time section and the pressure condition; And hole section until hole at the bottom of adjacent successively with the described first predetermined hole section distinguished the injection pressure fluid in described boring, and is recorded in the flow of the fluid that injects to described hole section adjacent successively and at the bottom of the hole under described preset time section and the pressure condition.
Alternatively, described at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and the flow that is recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively comprises: the hole section injection pressure fluid at the bottom of described boring is positioned at the hole, and be recorded in the flow of the fluid that the hole section at the bottom of this is positioned at the hole is injected under described preset time section and the pressure condition; Adjacent successively with described hole section at the bottom of being positioned at the hole and until the hole of country rock sidewall section in described boring, injection pressure fluid respectively, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow to described fluid adjacent successively and that inject until the hole of country rock sidewall section.
Wherein, described flow difference according to the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, the thickness of determining wall rock loosening ring comprises: according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, determine the crack distribution characteristics of boring country rock, the wall-rock crack of wherein holing is educated all the more, and discharge is just big more under preset time section and the pressure condition; Determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring according to the crack distribution characteristics of described boring country rock.
Wherein, be meant under the described predetermined pressure condition: under the pressure condition of 0.1-0.2Mpa, preferably under the pressure condition of 0.18Mpa.
Further, described under preset time section and pressure condition, before at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, the method for testing of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises step:
At least two predetermined hole sections in described boring are injected the gas with certain pressure, to the processing of drying of the wall-rock crack of the predetermined hole section in the described boring.
In the method for testing of a kind of wall rock loosening ring of the embodiment of the invention, by under preset time section and pressure condition, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in the boring of country rock sidewall, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively; Because the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, discharge is just big more under preset time section and the pressure condition, therefore according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects at least two predetermined hole sections, can determine the thickness or the degree of depth of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly, operate very simple.
Another technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring, and is simple in structure and can test out the thickness of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that testing apparatus adopted of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention is:
A kind of testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring comprises:
Testing tube, described testing tube is the tubulose of the hollow of closed at both ends;
The capsule of at least two annulars is arranged on the periphery of described testing tube spaced reciprocally along the length direction of described testing tube; Described capsule can bulge after charging into gas or liquid medium;
On the pipeline section between adjacent two capsules, offer through hole at described testing tube;
The test fluid delivery pipe, in the pipeline section of the outlet of described test fluid delivery pipe between adjacent two capsules, be input to fluid in the pipeline section between adjacent two capsules by described test fluid delivery pipe, the through hole that can only be offered from the pipeline section between these adjacent two capsules flows out;
The inflating medium delivery pipe of capsule, the outlet of described inflating medium delivery pipe is positioned at one of them capsule, is connected by pipeline between the adjacent capsule;
Flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline of described test fluid delivery pipe.
Wherein, described testing tube is provided with two described capsules; Described two capsules are arranged on the two ends of described testing tube.
Alternatively, described testing tube is provided with first capsule, second capsule and the 3rd capsule; Wherein first capsule and second capsule are arranged on the two ends of described testing tube, and the 3rd capsule is arranged on the middle part of testing tube; Described test fluid delivery pipe comprises: the first test fluid delivery pipe and the second test fluid delivery pipe; Wherein, in the pipeline section of the outlet of the first test fluid delivery pipe between first capsule and the 3rd capsule, in the pipeline section of the outlet of the second test fluid delivery pipe between second capsule and the 3rd capsule.
Further, be connected with pushing ram, on described pushing ram, offer scale at the tail end of described testing tube.
Preferably, described pushing ram is the tubulose of hollow, and described test fluid delivery pipe extends in the pipeline section of its exit opening between adjacent two capsules along described pushing ram is inner.
Preferably, described pushing ram is the tubulose of hollow, and described inflating medium delivery pipe extends until its exit opening in one of them capsule along described pushing ram is inner; And/or the pipeline that is communicated with the adjacent capsules internal cavities is laid along the pipeline section between these adjacent two capsules is interior.
Preferably, the external diameter of described testing tube is 2-3 centimetre, is applicable at common boring build-in test.
Further, the testing apparatus of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises water-injection control device, and described water-injection control device is connected by water injection pipe with described testing tube;
Described water-injection control device can provide 0.1-0.2Mpa in described water injection pipe, the press water of preferred 0.18Mpa.
Further, the testing apparatus of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises the pressure transducer that is arranged on the described testing tube;
Described pressure transducer links to each other with the water filling control center of described water-injection control device;
Hydraulic pressure in the described testing tube of described pressure sensor senses is when the described hydraulic signal with sensing is sent to described water filling control center; Described water filling control center receives the hydraulic signal that described pressure transducer sends, and, controls described water-injection control device and stop to described testing tube water filling during greater than 0.2Mpa at definite this hydraulic signal.
Utilize the testing apparatus of embodiment of the invention wall rock loosening ring, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids that can be in the boring of country rock sidewall, and be recorded in the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section under preset time section and the pressure condition respectively; Because the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, discharge is just big more under preset time section and the pressure condition, therefore according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects at least two predetermined hole sections, can determine the thickness or the degree of depth of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly, and structure is very simple.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for testing embodiment of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of testing apparatus one embodiment of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 3 for adopting equipment shown in Figure 2 in the wall rock loosening ring scope, to test;
The structural representation of Fig. 4 for adopting equipment shown in Figure 2 to test at former petrographic province;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another embodiment of testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
Should be clear and definite, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making all other embodiment that obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, the method for testing of a kind of wall rock loosening ring of the embodiment of the invention comprises step:
S1, along perpendicular to the direction of country rock sidewall, the hole of in country rock, drilling;
Boring wherein can be the boring that is that the test wall rock loosening ring is beaten specially, also can adopt the boring that is used for skyhook or anchor cable and beats.
S2, under preset time section and pressure condition, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and being recorded in respectively under described preset time section and the pressure condition, the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section; Wherein fill with the required time of test fluid in the preset time Duan Weixiang wall-rock crack, required time when the test fluid of perhaps injecting reaches certain pressure (as reaching the injection pressure that the test fluid injection device is provided) in wall-rock crack.
Fluid described in the embodiment of the invention is a water, by certain pressure at least two the predetermined hole sections of water in described boring is injected.The invention is not restricted to this, described pressure fluid also can adopt other liquid medium.
S3, according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring.
In the method for testing of embodiment of the invention wall rock loosening ring,, and write down the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively by at least two in the boring of country rock sidewall predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids; Because the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, the discharge that preset time section and pressure condition inject down is just big more, therefore according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects at least two predetermined hole sections, can determine the thickness or the degree of depth of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly.
In the method for testing embodiment of aforementioned wall rock loosening ring, alternatively, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids among the described step S2 in described boring, and being recorded in respectively under described preset time section and the pressure condition, the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section comprises:
S21a, to the first nearest predetermined hole section injection pressure fluid of described boring middle distance country rock sidewall, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that injects to this first predetermined hole section;
S22a, in described boring and hole section until hole at the bottom of adjacent successively with the described first predetermined hole section, difference injection pressure fluid, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that injects to described hole section adjacent successively and at the bottom of the hole.
Be that ecto-entad is tested piecemeal in the present embodiment, because the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, the discharge of injecting is just big more, therefore according to the flow of the fluid that injects to every sector hole section that is write down, and according to the variation of flow between the adjacent holes section, can determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring exactly, operate very simple.
In the method for testing embodiment of aforementioned wall rock loosening ring, preferably, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids among the described step S2 in described boring, and under preset time section shown in being recorded in respectively and the pressure condition, the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section comprises:
S21b, the hole section injection pressure fluid at the bottom of in described boring, being positioned at the hole, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that the hole section at the bottom of this is positioned at the hole is injected;
S22b, adjacent successively with described hole section at the bottom of being positioned at the hole and until the hole of country rock sidewall section in described boring, difference injection pressure fluid, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition, to the flow of described fluid adjacent successively and that inject until the hole of country rock sidewall section.
Adopt the method for testing piecemeal from inside to outside in the present embodiment.Because the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, the discharge of injection is just big more, therefore according to the flow of the fluid that injects to every sector hole section that is write down, and according to the variation of flow between the adjacent holes section, can determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring exactly.Adopt the method test piecemeal from inside to outside, help the thickness that just can determine wall rock loosening ring under the situation of the less water yield quickly utilizing, reduce the number of times of test, the raising testing efficiency.That is to say do not have around the country rock of section the crack to take place at the bottom of the hole, then the amount of the water of Zhu Ruing is just less, and the amount of the water that is injected only need be full of that the space gets final product in the hole of section at the bottom of the hole.And, adopt the method for testing piecemeal from inside to outside, when the amount of appearance for the first time to the water of certain hole section injection, when the amount of the water that injects than front adjacent holes section is undergone mutation, can determine zone in this certain hole section, the obviously loosening situation of country rock has appearred, and thus can be comparatively fast and determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring exactly.
In the method for testing embodiment of aforementioned wall rock loosening ring, described step S3 is according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects at least two predetermined hole sections, and the thickness of determining wall rock loosening ring comprises:
S31, according to the flow difference of the fluid that injects to predetermined at least hole section, determine the crack distribution characteristics of boring country rock, the wall-rock crack of wherein holing is educated all the more, discharge is just big more under preset time section and the pressure condition;
S32, determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring according to the crack distribution characteristics of described boring country rock.
In the present embodiment, by one by one injecting the aqueous medium of test usefulness to each predetermined hole section, flow difference according to the fluid that injects at least two predetermined hole sections, determine the crack distribution characteristics of boring country rock, and determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring according to the crack distribution characteristics of described boring country rock, can improve the accuracy of the thickness of the wall rock loosening ring of being determined.
In method of testing one embodiment of described wall rock loosening ring, be meant under the described predetermined pressure condition: under the pressure condition of 0.1-0.2Mpa, preferably under the pressure condition of 0.18Mpa.When pressure during less than 0.1Mpa, be unfavorable for the injection of current direction wall-rock crack, when pressure during greater than 0.2Mpa, press water can cause tangible infringement to wall-rock crack, can cause the secondary expansion of wall-rock crack.When in the scope of pressure at 0.1-0.2Mpa, can be comparatively fast and determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly, can not cause tangible infringement again to wall-rock crack.
In another embodiment of method of testing of described wall rock loosening ring, described under preset time section and pressure condition, before at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, the method of testing of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises step: at least two predetermined hole sections in described boring are injected the gas with certain pressure, to the processing of drying of the wall-rock crack of the predetermined hole section in the described boring.Help so in advance impurity in the wall-rock crack or dirt bits being cleared up, the lines in crack is dredged, reduce the blocked phenomenon of injecting of current, thereby help improving the accuracy of test and the efficient of test.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring, comprising:
Testing tube 1, described testing tube 1 is the tubulose of the hollow of closed at both ends; Testing tube 1 can be made by hollow steel pipe; The external diameter of described testing tube is preferably 2-3 centimetre, is applicable at common boring build-in test.Can satisfy test request and be easy to carry again, another convenient reduction boring cost that helps again;
The capsule 2,3 of at least two annulars is arranged on the periphery of described testing tube spaced reciprocally along the length direction of described testing tube 1; Described capsule can bulge after charging into gas or liquid medium;
On the pipeline section between adjacent two capsules 2,3, offer through hole 4 at described testing tube 1;
Test fluid delivery pipe 5, in the pipeline section of the outlet of described test fluid delivery pipe 5 between adjacent two capsules 2,3, be input to fluid in the pipeline section between adjacent two capsules 2,3 by described test fluid delivery pipe 5, the through hole that can only be offered from the pipeline section between these adjacent two capsules 2,3 flows out;
The inflating medium delivery pipe 6 of capsule, the outlet of described inflating medium delivery pipe 6 are positioned at one of them capsule 2 or 3 inside, are connected by pipeline 7 between adjacent capsule 2,3 inside;
The flowmeter (not shown) is arranged on the pipeline of described test fluid delivery pipe 5.
The optional water of test fluid wherein also can be selected other liquid medium for use.Inflating medium can be selected gas mediums such as air for use, and also liquid medium such as optional water is as long as can reach the purpose of heaving capsule shutoff boring.Test fluid delivery pipe and inflating medium delivery pipe can adopt high-intensity flexible pipe.
Utilize the testing apparatus of embodiment of the invention wall rock loosening ring, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids that can be in the boring of country rock sidewall, and write down the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively; Because the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, discharge is just big more under preset time section and the pressure condition, therefore according to the flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section, can determine the thickness or the degree of depth of wall rock loosening ring comparatively exactly, and structure is very simple.Wherein the control of hydraulic pressure can be passed through the valve controlled water flow, and then the hydraulic pressure in the control testing tube.Measure hydraulic pressure by water pressure gauge.Method of testing: the size that stable water pressure is tested flow velocity behind certain certain value again in the control valve control testing tube in the middle of 0.1-0.2MPa.
To shown in Figure 4, among testing apparatus one embodiment of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention, described testing tube 1 is provided with two described capsules, i.e. first capsule 2 and second capsule 3 referring to Fig. 2; Described two capsules are arranged on the two ends of described testing tube.
During test, at first measure the distance L of country rock span from first capsule 2 with backstay 8 or ruler etc., difference UNICOM's airduct and water pipe (not shown), open 6 pairs first capsules 2 of inflating medium delivery pipe and 3 inflations of second capsule afterwards, block boring, current can not flow out from boring when guaranteeing water filling, only flow out in boring rock crusher zone.Commissioning liquid delivery pipe 5 is filled to testing tube 1 afterwards, and the through hole 4 that current are offered from testing tube 1 sidewall flows out, and enters boring wall-rock crack district, flows out or is sealed in the space, crack from relaxation zone, and the boring wall-rock crack is educated all the more, and discharge is just big more.After test is finished, cut off the water, venting advances testing tube 1, tests once more, tests successively until the boring end, thereby determines boring wall-rock crack distribution characteristics, calculates the wall rock loosening ring degree of depth.
At test such as Fig. 2 of relaxation zone scope, at test such as Fig. 3 of former petrographic province, thus relaxation zone degree of depth L ∈ (L1, L2), in several groups of scopes that just can accurately obtain relaxation zone of the many surveys of relaxation zone boundary.
Referring to shown in Figure 5, among another embodiment of the testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention, described testing tube 1 is provided with first capsule 2, second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9; Wherein first capsule 2 and second capsule 3 are arranged on the two ends of described testing tube 1, and the 3rd capsule 9 is arranged on the middle part of testing tube 1; Pipeline section between first capsule and 2 the 3rd capsules 9, and between the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9, has partition-type structures, injection pressure water can only flow out by the through hole of being offered on the pipeline section between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 94 in the feasible pipeline section between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 9, and the press water that injects in the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9 can only flow out by the through hole of being offered on the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 94; Described test fluid delivery pipe comprises: the first test fluid delivery pipe 5a and the second test fluid delivery pipe 5b; Wherein, in the pipeline section of the outlet of the first test fluid delivery pipe 5a between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 9, in the pipeline section of the outlet of the second test fluid delivery pipe 5b between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9.
During test, the testing tube of present embodiment is put into the predetermined depth place of the boring of getting in advance on the country rock, in first capsule 2, second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9, charge into air by inflating medium delivery pipe 6, respectively shutoff is carried out in boring thereby they are expanded.Carry out the test first time, the flow of the water that record is injected by injection pressure water in the pipeline section of the first test fluid delivery pipe 5a between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 9 earlier; Injection pressure water can only flow out by the through hole of being offered on the pipeline section between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 94 in the pipeline section between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 9.After test is finished for the first time, stop by injection pressure water in the pipeline section of the first test fluid delivery pipe 5a between first capsule 2 and the 3rd capsule 9, and carry out the second time by second test fluid delivery pipe 5b injection pressure water in the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9 and test, the flow of the water that record is injected, wherein the press water that injects in the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9 can only flow out by the through hole of being offered on the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 94.After test is finished for the second time, stop injection pressure water in the pipeline section between second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9 by the second test fluid delivery pipe 5b, and the air that will charge in first capsule 2, second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9 is discharged first capsule 2, second capsule 3 and the 3rd capsule 9 retractions.Then testing tube 1 is advanced to another predetermined depth place along boring and carries out next time test, so circulation finishes until whole test.
Referring to Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 5, for the ease of the record testing tube, or certain capsule on the testing tube is arranged in the concrete degree of depth of boring and testing tube positioned operation, preferably, tail end at described testing tube 1 is connected with pushing ram 8, offers scale on described pushing ram 8.Described pushing ram 8 can adopt steel pipe, can also be rod-shaped material such as reinforcing bar, plastic-steel and waddy.
Referring to shown in Figure 5, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus of aforementioned wall rock loosening ring, preferably, described pushing ram 8 is the tubulose of hollow, described test fluid delivery pipe 5a is along described pushing ram 8 inner extensions in the pipeline section of its exit opening between adjacent two capsules 2 and 9, and described test fluid delivery pipe 5b is along described pushing ram 8 inner extensions in the pipeline section of its exit opening between adjacent two capsules 3 and 9.Be convenient to protection like this to described test fluid delivery pipe 5a and 5b.
In another embodiment of the testing apparatus of aforementioned wall rock loosening ring, described pushing ram 8 is the tubulose of hollow, and described inflating medium delivery pipe 6 is along described pushing ram 8 inner extensions until its exit opening in one of them capsule 2; And/or the pipeline 7 that is communicated with the adjacent capsules internal cavities is laid along the pipeline section between these adjacent two capsules is interior.Be convenient to protection like this, avoid it to pull breakage because of hanging with the object of outside to described inflating medium delivery pipe.
In the embodiment of the testing apparatus of aforementioned wall rock loosening ring, the testing apparatus of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises water-injection control device, and described water-injection control device is connected with described test fluid delivery pipe.Preferably, described water-injection control device can provide 0.1-0.2Mpa in described water injection pipe, the press water of preferred 0.18Mpa.
Further, the testing apparatus of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises the pressure transducer that is arranged on the described testing tube; Described pressure transducer links to each other with described water-injection control device; Hydraulic pressure in the described testing tube of described pressure sensor senses, and the described hydraulic signal of sensing is sent to described water-injection control device; Described water-injection control device receives the hydraulic signal that described pressure transducer sends, and, stops to described testing tube water filling during greater than 0.2Mpa at definite this hydraulic signal.Can not cause obvious damage in the time of can guaranteeing in the phase wall-rock crack injection pressure water like this to wall-rock crack.
The testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring of the present invention and method of testing embodiment can test out the scope of tunnel relaxation zone effectively, accuracy than existing sound detection, that instrument is spied in boring is more accurate, and is not subjected to the influence of impurity between borings and boring country rock.
The above; it only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the new technical scheme that reconfigures formation of the variation that can expect easily or replacement or correlation technique feature; quote the new technical scheme that the supplementary features of the supplementary features of dependent claims of independent claims and independent claims are combined to form as claims indirect, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. the method for testing of a wall rock loosening ring is characterized in that, comprising:
Along the direction perpendicular to the country rock sidewall, the hole of in country rock, drilling;
Under preset time section and pressure condition, at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively;
According to the flow difference of the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring.
2. the method for testing of wall rock loosening ring according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and the flow that is recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively comprises:
To the first nearest predetermined hole section injection pressure fluid of described boring middle distance country rock sidewall, and be recorded in the flow of the fluid that injects to this first predetermined hole section under described preset time section and the pressure condition;
And hole section until hole at the bottom of adjacent successively with the described first predetermined hole section distinguished the injection pressure fluid in described boring, and is recorded in the flow of the fluid that injects to described hole section adjacent successively and at the bottom of the hole under described preset time section and the pressure condition.
3. the method for testing of wall rock loosening ring according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, and the flow that is recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition fluid that injects to each predetermined hole section respectively comprises:
Hole section injection pressure fluid at the bottom of in described boring, being positioned at the hole, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow of the fluid that the hole section at the bottom of this is positioned at the hole injects;
Adjacent successively with described hole section at the bottom of being positioned at the hole and until the hole of country rock sidewall section in described boring, injection pressure fluid respectively, and be recorded under described preset time section and the pressure condition flow to described fluid adjacent successively and that inject until the hole of country rock sidewall section.
4. according to the method for testing of each described wall rock loosening ring of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that,
Described flow difference according to the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, the thickness of determining wall rock loosening ring comprises:
According to the flow difference of the fluid that injects to described at least two predetermined hole sections, determine the crack distribution characteristics of boring country rock, the wall-rock crack of wherein holing is educated all the more, and discharge is just big more under preset time section and the pressure condition;
Determine the thickness of wall rock loosening ring according to the crack distribution characteristics of described boring country rock.
5. according to the method for testing of each described wall rock loosening ring of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, be meant under the described predetermined pressure condition: under the pressure condition of 0.1-0.2Mpa, preferably under the pressure condition of 0.18Mpa.
6. according to the method for testing of each described wall rock loosening ring of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described under preset time section and pressure condition, before at least two predetermined hole section injection pressure fluids in described boring, the method for testing of described wall rock loosening ring also comprises step:
At least two predetermined hole sections in described boring are injected the gas with certain pressure, to the processing of drying of the wall-rock crack of the predetermined hole section in the described boring.
7. the testing apparatus of a wall rock loosening ring is characterized in that, comprising:
Testing tube, described testing tube is the tubulose of the hollow of closed at both ends;
The capsule of at least two annulars is arranged on the periphery of described testing tube spaced reciprocally along the length direction of described testing tube; Described capsule can bulge after charging into gas or liquid medium;
On the pipeline section between adjacent two capsules, offer through hole at described testing tube;
The test fluid delivery pipe, in the pipeline section of the outlet of described test fluid delivery pipe between adjacent two capsules, be input to fluid in the pipeline section between adjacent two capsules by described test fluid delivery pipe, the through hole that can only be offered from the pipeline section between these adjacent two capsules flows out;
The inflating medium delivery pipe of capsule, the outlet of described inflating medium delivery pipe is positioned at one of them capsule, is connected by pipeline between the adjacent capsule;
Flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline of described test fluid delivery pipe.
8. the testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring according to claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described testing tube is provided with two described capsules;
Described two capsules are arranged on the two ends of described testing tube.
9. the testing apparatus of wall rock loosening ring according to claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described testing tube is provided with first capsule, second capsule and the 3rd capsule; Wherein first capsule and second capsule are arranged on the two ends of described testing tube, and the 3rd capsule is arranged on the middle part of testing tube;
Described test fluid delivery pipe comprises: the first test fluid delivery pipe and the second test fluid delivery pipe; Wherein, in the pipeline section of the outlet of the first test fluid delivery pipe between first capsule and the 3rd capsule, in the pipeline section of the outlet of the second test fluid delivery pipe between second capsule and the 3rd capsule.
10. according to the testing apparatus of each described wall rock loosening ring of claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that,
Tail end at described testing tube is connected with pushing ram, offers scale on described pushing ram.
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| CN114370248A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-19 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Weak broken rock mass tunnel pore wall stabilising arrangement and surrounding rock looseness circle detection device |
| CN114370248B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-10-11 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Weak broken rock mass tunnel pore wall stabilising arrangement and surrounding rock looseness circle detection device |
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