CN106676433A - Low-pressure infiltration preparation method of Al2O3 ceramic fiber/particle reinforced metal-matrix composite - Google Patents
Low-pressure infiltration preparation method of Al2O3 ceramic fiber/particle reinforced metal-matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676433A CN106676433A CN201710117518.7A CN201710117518A CN106676433A CN 106676433 A CN106676433 A CN 106676433A CN 201710117518 A CN201710117518 A CN 201710117518A CN 106676433 A CN106676433 A CN 106676433A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-pressure infiltration preparation method of an Al2O3 ceramic fiber/particle reinforced metal-matrix composite. The Al2O3 ceramic fiber/particle reinforced metal-matrix composite is prepared with a low-pressure infiltration method, Al particles and a molten-state Al-based alloy are added and are mutually soluble, and compared with traditional solid phase method and liquid phase method, the low-pressure infiltration preparation method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and the like. Al2O3 fibers are three-dimensionally distributed in the composite, so that the Al2O3 particles can be kept steady and protected from falling off during frictional wear. By means of a reasonable ratio of the Al2O3 fibers to reinforced particles, the reinforced material is enabled to be distributed uniformly, and wear resistance of the material is improved. Compared with a conventional metal-matrix composite, the Al2O3 ceramic fiber/particle reinforced metal-matrix composite prepared with the method has better wear resistance and has broader application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to make high-wearing feature ceramic alumina fiber/particle reinforced metal-base composites under low pressure
Background technology
In recent years, metal-base composites (Metal Material Composite:MMC) because its have high specific strength,
Specific modulus and it is wear-resisting the advantages of it is widely used on the fields such as locomotive, aviation.And with metal-based compound
The appearance of material, the various processing technology such as technology such as elevated pressurization casting and powder metallurgic method is developed.But this
The equal existing defects of two methods, in powder metallurgic method, the size of strengthening material size is served certainly to the mechanical performance of sample
Qualitative factor, therefore, the method is only applicable to using simple ceramic particle as strengthening material.On the other hand, in traditional height
Pressure pressurization cast is made in method, and liquid alloy penetrates into the idiosome made by ceramic fibre or particle by elevated pressurization (~100MPa)
In.Because pressure is excessive, the displacement of reinforcing fiber may be produced in pressure process, the deposition of damaged or enhanced particles so as to
The problems such as causing strengthening material to disperse inequality in alloy substrate.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, inventor have developed a kind of new manufacturing process：Low pressure pressure casting method
(Low Pressure Infiltration:LPI), MMC (0.1~0.4MPa) can be manufactured under very low pressure.With
Process before is compared, and LPI methods reduce production cost, improves efficiency, is solved strengthening material and is more held in liquid alloy
The problems such as easily uniformly disperseing, and in fiber and mix particles, ceramic fibre is presented distributed in three dimensions, protects in fretting wear
Coming off for ceramic particle is protected.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：Ceramic alumina fiber/particle reinforced Metal Substrate is answered
The low pressure pressurization preparation method of condensation material, comprises the following steps：
(1) add binding agent in the beaker equipped with ethanol, to be bonded dose be completely dissolved after add pure Al particles, Al2O3It is fine
Peacekeeping Al2O3Particle, makes liquid and Al2O3Fiber/uniform particle attachment；
(2) step 1 gained test portion is put in test tube, while compressing test tube two ends, makes height for 1~2cm cylinders,
Cylinder is placed in electric furnace and is heated, binding agent is taken out after decomposing entirely, obtain Al2O3Ceramic idiosome；Wherein heating-up temperature is not
Easily too high, temperature is too high to occur thermal expansion phenomenon to composite generation negatively influencing, and preferable temperature is 773K.
(3) by ceramic beads, Al2O3Ceramic idiosome and Al- based alloys are arranged in order are placed on opening diameter from the bottom up
In the experiment tube of 0.5~0.8mm, when opening diameter excessive pressurization liquid alloy moment will flow out, it is too small to improve right
Pressure value is required and is unable to reach the state that low pressure is pressurizeed.The addition of ceramic beads is direct after can effectively preventing liquid from being pressurizeed
Spray, preferably, a diameter of 1mm of ceramic beads.Al- based alloys are heated to by high frequency heater to be completely melt, from examination
Pipe top adds 0.2~0.4MPa of Ar gases to liquid alloy surface, makes liquid alloy penetrate into Al2O3In ceramic idiosome；Work as liquid
Body alloy stops pressurization from test tube mouth after slow outflow, and metal-base composites is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, described adhesive is polyethylene glycol (PEG).Because the functional group of PEG is hydroxyl, idiosome is being made
Carbon dioxide and moisture will be resolved into by heating during molding, there is no any impact on material.
Preferably, pure Al particle diameters are 18 μm, Al2O3Fibre diameter is 3~10 μm, Al2O3Particle diameter is 20 μm.
Under the size range, it is more evenly distributed between granule, gap is little between granule, and the wearability of sample is optimal.
Preferably, the Al- based alloys be Cu contents for 4mass% albronze, aluminium copper with this understanding
Age-hardening process can be done.
Preferably, heater heating-up temperature is 1173K in step (3).
Preferably, heater pressurization pressure is 0.2Mpa in step (3).
The Al that the present invention is prepared2O3Fiber/particle metal-base composites with dose Al merely2O3Fiber or Al2O3Grain
Metal-base composites prepared by son is compared with advantages below in wearability：
1st, the present invention is contacted with molten state Al- based alloy and melted between increase strengthening material by adding pure Al particles
Space, reduces pressure required during die casting, reaches the purpose of low pressure pressurization.Have compared with traditional solid phase method, liquid phase method
The advantages of having low cost, efficiency high.
2nd, the present invention passes through Al2O3Fiber mixes with enhanced particles, solves strengthening material and is easier in liquid alloy
The problems such as even dispersion.
3rd, by the present invention in that Al2O3Fiber is presented in the composite distributed in three dimensions, and Al can be protected during fretting wear2O3
Particle is consolidated, and is difficult to be split away off, and improves the anti-wear performance of material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the friction and wear test comparing result of metal-base composites of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Al2O3Structure organization stereoscan photograph after particle reinforced metal-base composites friction.
Fig. 3 is Al2O3Structure organization stereoscan photograph after fibre-reinforced metal matrix composites friction.
Fig. 4 is the friction and wear test result of metal-base composites prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment to technical scheme further instruction, but the present invention is not in any form
It is limited to embodiment content.Experimental technique described in embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method, if no special instructions,
The chemical reagent and material, commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1
The Al of present embodiment2O3Ceramic fibre/particle reinforced metal-base composites is prepared as follows：To
2g binding agent PEG are added in beaker equipped with 20ml ethanol, the circle of a height of 1cm is made under conditions of test tube size diameter 15mm
During cylindrical material, the addition more than 2g will produce volumetric expansion in idiosome molding.Cannot have very much during addition less than 2g
Effect for reaching bonding of effect.
Until completely dissolved, the Al of volume fraction 12.5vol.% is taken2O3Fiber, volume fraction 7.5vol.%Al2O3Grain
Son, Al particle 0.8g are put in beaker and stir.Mixed test portion is put in the test tube of diameter 15mm, the two of test tube are compressed
End, compresses it into the cylinder of a height of 10mm and being put in electric furnace and is heated to 773K and is incubated 1 hour to make Al2O3Ceramic body.
Al is made by high frequency heater by mother metal of Al- based alloys2O3Ceramic body is answered with alloy produced with combination Metal Substrate
Condensation material.By the ceramic beads of a diameter of 1mm, Al2O3Ceramic idiosome and Al-4mass%Cu alloys are arranged in order put from the bottom up
Put the experiment tube in 0.5~0.8mm of opening diameter.Being heated to 1173K by high frequency heater is completely melt alloy.From examination
Pipe top adds Ar gases 0.2MPa to liquid alloy surface, makes alloy penetrate into Al2O3In ceramic idiosome.When liquid alloy with
After Al particle contacts, Al particles melt immediately.Stop pressurization after liquid alloy slow outflow from test tube sharp-crested.After cooling
Obtain MMC test portions.
Pressure value is by an equation of equilibrium Pf+PγDetermined by=Δ P.When the molten leaching of molten metal and ceramic idiosome connects
When tactile, generate the capillary tube pressure P of Strongization storeroomγP is resisted with viscosityf.As molten leaching pressurization equilibration, it can be deduced that pressurization
When required Δ PP pressure values.Inventor passes through the parameters of relational expression and calculates to existing Al2O3Fiber/particle
By the addition of Al particles after mixing, after increased strengthening material spacing, required minimum pressure values are 0.2MPa during molten leaching.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is that ceramic idiosome composition is different from the difference of embodiment 1, and the present embodiment is only with Al2O3Fiber is strong
Change metal-base composites.Binding agent PEG 2g are added in the beaker equipped with 20ml ethanol, until completely dissolved, volume integral is taken
Several Al2O3Fiber 20vol.% is put in beaker and stirs.Mixed test portion is put in the test tube of diameter 15mm, compression examination
The two ends of pipe, compress it into the cylinder of a height of 10mm and being put in electric furnace and are heated to 773K and are incubated 1 hour to make ceramic blank
Body.Ceramic body and alloy produced with combination metal-base composites are made by high frequency heater by mother metal of Al- based alloys.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is that ceramic idiosome composition is different from the difference of embodiment 1, and the present embodiment adopts Al2O3It is particle reinforced
Metal-base composites.Binding agent PEG 2g are added in the beaker equipped with 20ml ethanol, until completely dissolved, volume fraction is taken
The Al of 20vol.%2O3Particle is put in beaker and stirs.Mixed test portion is put in the test tube of diameter 15mm, test tube is compressed
Two ends, compress it into the cylinder of a height of 10mm and being put in electric furnace and be heated to 773K and be incubated 1 hour to make ceramic body.
Ceramic body and alloy produced with combination metal-base composites are made by high frequency heater by mother metal of Al- based alloys.
Embodiment 4
It is compared by frictional wear experiment and embodiment 1~3 is prepared into composite-material abrasive.Al2O3Fiber/particle
Mixed intensified metal-base composites (Hybrid-MMC), Al2O3Fibre-reinforced metal matrix composites (FRMMC) and Al2O3Grain
Sub- reinforced metal based composites (PRMMC) measure the wearability of three under conditions of load 9.8N rotating speed 1.6m/s.As a result
As shown in Figure 1.Compared by the data in Fig. 1 it can be seen that the fiber/mix particles reinforcing gold prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1
The abrasion decrement of metal-matrix composite material is minimum, and anti-wear performance is best.
Embodiment 5
The section and friction surface observed after three kinds of test portion abrasions by electron-microscope scanning confirms to be made after fiber/mix particles
Superiority of the composite out in fretting wear.As a result as shown in Fig. 2 the section after PRMMC test portion fretting wears
In can see coming off for enhanced particles, the fracture of reinforcing fiber can be seen on the surface after FRMMC test portion fretting wears,
Can see that the reinforcing fiber of distributed in three dimensions protects enhanced particles in section after Hybrid-MMC test portion fretting wears
Come off.
Claims (8)
1. ceramic alumina fiber/particle reinforced metal-base composites low pressure pressurization preparation method, it is characterised in that include
Following steps：
(1) add binding agent in the beaker equipped with ethanol, to be bonded dose be completely dissolved after add pure Al particles, Al2O3Fiber and
Al2O3Particle, makes liquid and Al2O3Fiber/uniform particle attachment；
(2) step 1 gained test portion is put in test tube, while compressing test tube two ends, height is made for 1~2cm cylinders, by circle
Cylinder is placed on heating in electric furnace, binding agent is taken out after decomposing entirely, obtains Al2O3Ceramic idiosome；
(3) by ceramic beads, Al2O3Ceramic idiosome and Al- based alloys be arranged in order from the bottom up be placed on opening diameter 0.5~
In the experiment tube of 0.8mm, Al- based alloys are heated to by high frequency heater and are completely melt, from test tube top Ar gases are added
0.2~0.4MPa makes liquid alloy penetrate into Al to liquid alloy surface2O3In ceramic idiosome；When liquid alloy is from test tube mouth
Stop pressurization after slow outflow, metal-base composites is obtained after cooling.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described adhesive is polyethylene glycol.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pure Al particle diameters are 18 μm, Al2O3Fibre diameter
For 3~10 μm, Al2O3Particle diameter is 20 μm.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that heating-up temperature is 773K in the step (2).
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a diameter of 1mm of ceramic beads in the step (3).
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Al- based alloys are that Cu contents are 4mass%'s
Albronze.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that heater heating-up temperature is 1173K in step (3).
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that heater pressurization pressure is 0.2Mpa in step (3).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107201486A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-26 | 大连大学 | Low pressure pressurization makes SiC ceramic fiber/particle reinforced Al base alloy composite materials |
| CN113051729B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2023-11-03 | 大连大学 | Method for preparing SiC/graphite reinforced Cu-based composite material by sintering in atomic stacking theory |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108930007A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-04 | 大连大学 | Alumina whisker REINFORCED Al-based composites preparation method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107201486A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-26 | 大连大学 | Low pressure pressurization makes SiC ceramic fiber/particle reinforced Al base alloy composite materials |
| CN108060369A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | 大连大学 | The preparation method of silicon carbide ceramic fiber/particle reinforced metal-base composites |
| CN107201486B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-09-25 | 大连大学 | Low pressure pressurization makes SiC ceramic fiber/particle reinforced Al- base alloy composite materials |
| CN113051729B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2023-11-03 | 大连大学 | Method for preparing SiC/graphite reinforced Cu-based composite material by sintering in atomic stacking theory |
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