CN106676321A - Low-melting-point metal and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-melting-point metal and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676321A CN106676321A CN201611117876.XA CN201611117876A CN106676321A CN 106676321 A CN106676321 A CN 106676321A CN 201611117876 A CN201611117876 A CN 201611117876A CN 106676321 A CN106676321 A CN 106676321A
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- melting
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- point metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to low-melting-point metal and a preparation method and application thereof. The low-melting-point metal comprises, by mass, 87-90.5% of tin and 9.5-13% of zinc. The low-melting-point metal can be widely applied to the fields such as spaceflight thermal control, advanced energy, information electronics and the like which have the requirement for reducing the thermal contact resistance as well as heat conduction, electric conduction and heat dissipation of resistors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-melting-point metal, the temperature of the low-melting-point metal is relatively low, can be widely used for space flight thermal control, elder generation
Entering the energy, information electronics etc. need to reduce heat conduction, the conductive and field of radiating of thermal contact resistance or resistance.
Background technology
Low-melting-point metal, refers to fusible metal of the fusing point less than 232 DEG C (fusing point of Sn)；Generally by B i, Sn, Pb, In etc.
Metallic element is constituted.Low-melting-point metal is often widely used as solder, and in the device such as electrical equipment, steam, fire-fighting, fire alarm
The temperature-sensitive component such as electric fuse, fuse, be the quite potential low-melting-point metal new material of a class.With sending out for technology
Exhibition, people are more and more finer for low temperature control aspect demand, and competence exertion is more under some specified temps for such as electronic equipment
Good characteristic, it is therefore desirable to by electronic equipment temperature control below the specified temp；Or by carrying out on specified temp
Metal fuses, and ambient temperature is controlled under predetermined temperature.Therefore people are to specific melting point metals, especially low-melting-point metal
There are long-term needs.
The content of the invention
The inventor of the present invention considers the above-mentioned technical need of state of the art, through repetition test, proposes simultaneously
A kind of low-melting-point metal according to one aspect of the invention is prepared for, it includes stannum and zinc, wherein the quality of the stannum and zinc point
Number scope is respectively：Stannum 87%~90%, zinc 9.5%~13%.
Low-melting-point metal of the invention, also including a small amount of copper, the mass fraction scope of the copper is 0.1%
~3%.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of cycle cooling system, including radiator and wherein store
The cavity of the low-melting-point metal according to any one of claim 1-2, the cavity is embedded in radiator base plate.
Cycle cooling system of the invention, wherein the cavity is closed curve pipeline.
Cycle cooling system of the invention, also including electromagnetic pump, the electromagnetic pump be arranged on radiator and thermal source it
Between pipeline on, and only after the low-melting-point metal all becomes liquid enter running status.
Cycle cooling system of the invention, wherein also containing the temperature sensor being arranged in apart from thermal source farthest,
The sensor sends enabling signal to start the electromagnetic pump when the temperature of low-melting-point metal is detected higher than its fusing point
Operation.
Cycle cooling system of the invention, wherein being also somebody's turn to do apart from the flow-sensint unit of thermal source farthest containing arrangement
Sensor sends enabling signal to start the operation of the electromagnetic pump when the flowing of low-melting-point metal is detected.
Cycle cooling system of the invention, wherein the section of the cavity is the rectangle with chamfering, circular or ellipse
It is circular.
Cycle cooling system of the invention, wherein the equivalent diameter scope in the section is 1mm-20mm or is
The microchannel size of 0.1mm-1mm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of method for preparing low-melting-point metal of the invention, wrap
Containing following steps：Under isolation air conditionses, the metallic tin of intended component is melted；Intended component is added toward the stannum of fusing
Metallic zinc, to both continuous heatings and stirs into molten condition；Molten alloy is maintained in 330~360 DEG C of temperature ranges simultaneously
2~3h is persistently stirred to it, to guarantee that two kinds of metals are fully fused；And under conditions of isolation air, make the alloy of melting
Natural cooling.
Low-melting-point metal fusing point according to prepared by the present invention is 198 ± 3 DEG C.By the way that the low-melting-point metal is enclosed in
Phase-change accumulation energy circulation cooling can be realized in the closed cavity of cycle cooling system.By temperature controller or detection low melting point gold
The sensor of the phase transformation situation of category, monitors the temperature or phase of low-melting-point metal to judge the heat dispersion of system, so as to adjust
The switch and watt level of electromagnetic pump power supply is controlling the working condition of low-melting-point metal, and then control system is applied
The temperature of environment.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing herein is merged in description and constitutes the part of this specification, shows the enforcement for meeting the disclosure
Example, and be used to explain the principle of the disclosure together with description.
Fig. 1 is shown and is tied using a kind of principle of the embodiment of cycle cooling system of low-melting-point metal of the invention
Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is shown and is tied using a kind of side-looking of the embodiment of cycle cooling system of low-melting-point metal of the invention
Structure schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals：1- thermals source, 2- low-melting-point metal cavitys, 3- electromagnetic pumps, 4- radiators, 5- temperature controllers,
6- radiator fans.
Specific embodiment
Here exemplary embodiment will be illustrated in detail, its example is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Explained below is related to
During accompanying drawing, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different accompanying drawings represent same or analogous key element.Following exemplary embodiment
Described in embodiment do not represent all embodiments consistent with the disclosure.Conversely, they be only with it is such as appended
The example of the consistent apparatus and method of some aspects described in detail in claims, the disclosure.
The term used in the disclosure is, only merely for the purpose of description specific embodiment, and to be not intended to be limiting and originally open.
" one kind ", " described " and " being somebody's turn to do " of singulative used in disclosure and the accompanying claims book is also intended to include many number forms
Formula, unless context clearly shows that other implications.It is also understood that term "and/or" used herein is referred to and included
One or more associated any or all possible combinations for listing project.
It will be appreciated that though various information, but this may be described using term first, second, third, etc. in the disclosure
A little information should not necessarily be limited by these terms.These terms are only used for that same type of information is distinguished from each other out.For example, without departing from
In the case of disclosure scope, first can be referred to as second, and similarly, second can also be referred to as first.Depending on linguistic context,
As used in this word " if " can be construed to " and ... when " or " when ... when " or " in response to determining ".
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the disclosure, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to this public affairs
Open and be described in further detail.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment further describes the present invention.
In order to obtain low-melting-point metal of the fusing point at 198 ± 3 DEG C, inventor through repetition test, using following methods most
A kind of low-melting alloy for mainly containing stannum zinc is obtained eventually.Concrete preparation process is as follows：
First, under isolation air conditionses, by intended component (for example, the metallic tin of mass fraction scope 87%~90%)
Fusing；Then, intended component (for example, the metallic zinc of mass fraction scope 9.5%~13%), to two is added toward the stannum of fusing
Person's continuous heating simultaneously stirs into molten condition；Then molten alloy is maintained in 330~360 DEG C of temperature ranges and to it and is continued
2~3h of stirring, to guarantee that two kinds of metals are fully fused；And it is last, under conditions of isolation air, make the alloy nature of melting
Cooling, so as to obtain alloy of the fusing point near 198 ± 3 DEG C.
The scope of each metal component in these alloys is named above, these components can become within the specific limits
It is dynamic, so that the fusing point of alloy also changes in the range of above-mentioned 198 ± 3 DEG C.
The low-melting alloy can be used for various uses, be particularly suited for the ambient temperature that ambient temperature is unsuitable for water-cooled
In.Due to the higher phase-change accumulation energy characteristic that the alloy is embodied, therefore can apply to various be suitable for carrying out the pure storage of phase transformation
In the application of energy.For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of low-melting-point metal phase transformation energy storage cycle cooling system.
Fig. 1 show the embodiment using a kind of phase-change accumulation energy cycle cooling system of low-melting-point metal of the invention
Theory structure schematic diagram.Fig. 2 show the enforcement using a kind of cycle cooling system of low-melting-point metal of the invention
The side structure schematic view of example.As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, cycle cooling system of the invention includes：Thermal source 1, low-melting-point metal
Cavity 2, electromagnetic pump 3, radiator 4, temperature controller 5, radiator fan 6.The low-melting-point metal cavity 2 is embedded in radiator 4
In substrate, wherein low-melting-point metal of the filling fusing point for 198 ± 3 DEG C.The track of the low-melting-point metal cavity 2 is arbitrary shape
Closed curve, and integral sealing forms flow pipe of the low-melting-point metal under liquid phase state.
The low-melting-point metal keeps its solid state when ambient temperature is less than its fusing point, and rises in ambient temperature
When, absorb the heat in environment so that ambient temperature is kept for no more its fusing point.In the situation of ambient temperature not acute variation
Under, can prevent ambient temperature only by the phase-change thermal storage ability of a certain amount of low-melting-point metal being contained in cavity 2
Rising.
The electromagnetic pump 3 is arranged on the liquid metal runner pipe road 2 on the substrate of radiator 4 between thermal source 1 and radiator 4,
For driving the liquid metal in cavity 2 when operation is energized.So as to when ambient temperature is ramping up, by liquid metal
Quick heat exchange characteristics absorb the heat produced at thermal source rapidly, and the heat for being absorbed is transmitted at radiator 4 rapidly
To radiator 4, so as to the discharge of acceleration environment heat, so as to reduce ambient temperature.
For this purpose, temperature sensor 5 or flow or viscosity detector 5 are provided with the cooling system, to sense chamber
Whether metal has been completely in liquid phase in body 2.The sensor 5 or detector 5 are generally arranged in circulation duct 2 apart from thermal source
1 farthest position, and in the temperature for detecting the low-melting-point metal at the position higher than low at its fusing point or the position
When the viscosity of melting point metals is less than its flowable viscosity, to electromagnetic pump 3 enabling signal is sent so that electromagnetic pump enters operation
State.Temperature or flow or sticky that the temperature sensor 5 or flow or viscosity detector 5 are arrived always according to real-time detection
Degree, adjusts the applying size of current of the electromagnetic pump 3, so as to control its running status.For example, temperature sensor 5 passes through
The temperature of monitoring low-melting-point metal judging the heat dispersion of system, so as to the switch and power that adjust electromagnetic pump power supply are big
The little working condition to control low-melting-point metal, and then the temperature of control system.
Because low-melting-point metal needs to be powered in flow process, therefore in order to prevent electric leakage, the low melting point gold is needed
Category cavity or the inwall of pipeline 2 coat one layer of insulant.The low-melting-point metal cavity or pipeline 2 material of itself can be gold
Category.The section of the low-melting-point metal cavity or pipeline 2 is the rectangle with chamfering, circular or ellipse.The section work as
Amount diameter range is the stock size or the microchannel size for 0.1mm-1mm of 1mm-20mm.According to the applied field of cooling system
Close different, for example the equivalent diameter in the section for needing the occasion of high-power heat-dissipation, the low-melting-point metal cavity or pipeline 2 can
For 15mm, 20mm.In some small application scenarios, such as chip cooling field, the low-melting-point metal cavity or pipeline 2
Section be circular or oval, the equivalent diameter in its section is 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm.
The radiator 4 is made up of substrate, radiating fin and radiator fan 6 successively from top to bottom.The radiating fin cloth
On full whole radiator base plate.The radiating fin is arranged in the sphere of action of the radiator fan 6, in other words, radiating fin
Piece faces the air outlet of radiator fan 6.
Use low-melting-point metal of the invention to be used as heat transfer medium by the cooling system of said structure, using
When, when thermal source caloric value is less or during relatively low ambient temperature, when fever time is shorter, low-melting-point metal is from thermal source or in environment
So that its thawing, temperature sensor detects that temperature is not up to the fusing point of low-melting-point metal for the shortage of heat of absorption, so as to will not
Trigger it and send enabling signal to electromagnetic pump, therefore battery pump is in power-off off position, now, meets low-power thermal source
Radiating.When the increase of thermal source caloric value, when fever time extends, low-melting-point metal absorbs enough heats and undergoes phase transition, and is changed into
Solidliquid mixture or liquid, temperature controller detects that temperature reaches the fusing point of low-melting-point metal, i.e., be powered to electromagnetic pump, electromagnetism
Pump is in running order, now, meets the radiating of high power thermal source.
According to low-melting-point metal of the present invention, have the advantage that：Fusing point is made for 198 ± 3 DEG C of low-melting-point metal
It is that phase-change thermal storage and heat sink material are used, its latent heat of phase change is big, heat conductivity is high, applies in the system of short time work, can
To substantially reduce the temperature shock of heater members, at the same can make cooling system volume reduce, lower power consumption.
Low-melting-point metal of the invention in cycle cooling system using when, when system heat generation amount it is larger, adstante febre
Between it is longer when, low-melting-point metal heat absorption be changed into liquid, so as to be radiated by circulating, system radiating ability is greatly improved.
Above specific description of embodiments of the present invention, and just to helping understand the inventive concept of the present invention, this is simultaneously
Do not mean that all applications of the invention can only be confined to these specific specific embodiments.Those skilled in the art should manage
Solve, above-described specific embodiment, simply some examples in various preferred implementations.It is any to embody right of the present invention
The specific embodiment of requirement, all should be within the scope of the claims in the present invention be claimed.Those skilled in the art's energy
Enough technical scheme described in each specific embodiment above is modified or which part technical characteristic is carried out etc.
With replacement.All any modification, equivalent or improvement made within spirit and principles of the present invention etc., should be included in
Within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
The ultimate principle of the disclosure is described above in association with specific embodiment, however, it is desirable to, it is noted that above-mentioned concrete reality
Mode is applied, the restriction to disclosure protection domain is not constituted.Those skilled in the art want it is to be understood that depending on design
Summation other factors, can occur various modifications, combination, sub-portfolio and replacement.Any spiritual and original in the disclosure
Modification, equivalent and improvement for being made within then etc., should be included within disclosure protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low-melting-point metal, it includes stannum and zinc, wherein the mass fraction scope of the stannum and zinc is respectively：Stannum 87%~
90%th, zinc 9.5%~13%.
2. low-melting-point metal according to claim 1, also including a small amount of copper, the mass fraction scope of the copper is
0.1%~3%.
3. a kind of cycle cooling system, including radiator and the eutectic according to any one of claim 1-2 is wherein stored
The cavity of point metal, the cavity is embedded in radiator base plate.
4. cycle cooling system according to claim 3, wherein the cavity is closed curve pipeline.
5. cycle cooling system according to claim 4, it also includes electromagnetic pump, the electromagnetic pump be arranged on radiator and
On pipeline between thermal source, and running status is entered only after the low-melting-point metal all becomes liquid.
6. the cycle cooling system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein also containing the temperature being arranged in apart from thermal source farthest
Sensor, the sensor is when the temperature of low-melting-point metal is detected higher than its fusing point, and it is described to start to send enabling signal
The operation of electromagnetic pump.
7. the cycle cooling system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the flowing also containing arrangement apart from thermal source farthest is passed
Sensor, the sensor sends enabling signal to start the operation of the electromagnetic pump when the flowing of low-melting-point metal is detected.
8. the cycle cooling system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the section of the cavity be the rectangle with chamfering,
It is circular or oval.
9. cycle cooling system according to claim 8, wherein the equivalent diameter scope in the section be 1mm-20mm or
For the microchannel size of 0.1mm-1mm.
10. a kind of preparation method of low-melting-point metal as claimed in claim 1, comprises the steps of：
Under isolation air conditionses, the metallic tin of intended component is melted；
The metallic zinc of intended component is added toward the stannum of fusing, to both continuous heatings and molten condition is stirred into；
Molten alloy is maintained in 330~360 DEG C of temperature ranges and to it and persistently stirs 2~3h, to guarantee that two kinds of metals fill
Divide fusion；
Under conditions of isolation air, the alloy natural cooling of melting is made.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611117876.XA CN106676321A (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Low-melting-point metal and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611117876.XA CN106676321A (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Low-melting-point metal and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106676321A true CN106676321A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201611117876.XA Pending CN106676321A (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Low-melting-point metal and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108035707A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Dangerous temperature monitoring method before a kind of combustion in situ igniting |
| CN110791301A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Heat transfer processing method for fusible metal heat carrier |
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