CN106666221A - Procambarus clarkia feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Procambarus clarkia feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106666221A CN106666221A CN201611057126.8A CN201611057126A CN106666221A CN 106666221 A CN106666221 A CN 106666221A CN 201611057126 A CN201611057126 A CN 201611057126A CN 106666221 A CN106666221 A CN 106666221A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, and discloses a procambarus clarkii feed and a preparation method thereof. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials: corn germ meal, rice straw, peanut meal, food leftovers, eichhornia crassipes, water hyacinth, mussel meat, spiral shell, silkworm chrysalis powder, ant powder, caramel slag, meat and bone meal, chrysanthemum powder, lotus pollen, attractant and edible salt. The feed ratio is determined scientifically, so that the nutrition is comprehensive; the added plant ingredients are rich in crude proteins, crude fiber and crude fat, so that gastrointestinal peristalsis is facilitated, and absorption is accelerated; the feed also contains various beneficial elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium, so that the feed has a pollutant discharge capability, and discharge of toxic substances such as arsenic, mercury, cadmium and lead in procambarus clarkii is facilitated; the pollen contains rich vitamin groups, so that the molting time of the procambarus clarkii can be shortened, and the survival rate is increased; the feed also contains dozens of inorganic salts such as iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and potassium, over 30 trace elements and 18 enzymes, so that not only the disease resistance of the procambarus clarkii is enhanced, but also the nutritional value of the procambarus clarkii is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, and in particular to a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Procambarus clarkii is also referred to as Procambrus clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish.Likeness in form shrimp and carapace is hard.Adult is about 5.6-
11.9 centimetres, kermesinus, the nearly black in carapace part, belly back side has a wedge shape striped.Juvenile prawn body is uniform Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt, is had sometimes
Black ripple.Chela is long and narrow.Carapace middle part is not separated by areola, substantially has granule, volume sword tool gemmule or volume sword on carapace
End has indentation, is economic freshwater shrimps, because meat flavour it is delicious wide popular to people.Because of its omnivorousness, fast growth, adapt to energy
Power is strong and absolute competitive advantage is formed in local environment, its scope of ingesting is including pasture and water, algae, aquatic insect, dynamic
Thing corpse etc., food is also killed each other when deficient scarce.Procambarus clarkii has become Important Economic breed variety in China in recent years, in business
In industry breeding process, because the environment of Procambarus clarkii life is subject to artificial limitation, cultivation density is also much higher than wild stockss, therefore
Easily there is the problems such as easy infection pathogenic bacteria, vitality decline, meat is poor, how to improve the cultivation quality of Procambarus clarkii, improve and support
The big problem that profit becomes current is grown, many raisers are expected from breeding feed, improve breeding feed formula so that
Procambarus clarkii growth is more healthy and strong, but effect is unsatisfactory, mainly there is that assimilation effect is bad, palatability is not good, be also easy to produce anorexia
The problems such as.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as to there is currently, the invention provides a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof, carries significantly
The quality and cultivation speed and yield of high Procambarus clarkii.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof, the feedstuff is made up of by weight following raw material:Corn germ cake 40-50
Part, rice straw 28-34 parts, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 25-35 parts, food leftover bits and pieces 12-18 parts, Herba Eichhorniae 13-15 parts, Herba Eichhorniae 11-14
Part, mussel meat 9-13 parts, snail shell 7-12 parts, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 5-8 parts, Formica fusca powder 2-4 parts, maltose residues 3-6 parts, meat meal tankage 2-3 parts,
Flos Chrysanthemi powder 0.04-0.06 parts, Flos Nelumbinis pollen 0.03-0.05 parts, phagostimulant 1-2 part, Sal 0.1-0.3 parts, phagostimulant composition is:
Semen Glyciness, Semen Maydiss, Radix Ipomoeae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Sesami, wheat bran.
The feed producing method is comprised the following steps:
(1)By corn germ cake, rice straw, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, mussel meat with after 180-200 DEG C of steamed 3-5 minute, food is added
Leftover bits and pieces, are crushed with blender, are stirred;
(2)Fresh Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae are admixed into maltose residues, is laid at shady and cool ventilation, after 5-7 days, by the phoenix eyes for drying in the shade
Lotus, Herba Eichhorniae are crushed to 150-180 mesh, the Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae after being pickled using maltose residues, seldom suffer from after Procambarus clarkii is edible
Black gill disease disease and soft shell disease;
(3)Snail shell is pulverized, Cicadae pupa powder, Formica fusca powder, meat meal tankage, phagostimulant, Sal is added, with step(1)With(2)Institute
Material mixing is obtained, Flos Chrysanthemi powder, the Flos Nelumbinis pollen for processing is added, pelletize is carried out after mixing and is obtained final product.
As further describing to such scheme, the food leftover bits and pieces be make cookiess, bread, bean product it is useless
Material, source is wide, nutritious, low price.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the making step of the phagostimulant is:
(1)Weigh Semen Glyciness 10-12 parts, Semen Maydiss 8-11 parts, Semen Tritici aestivi 6-9 parts, Semen Sesami 4-7 parts, Testa Tritici 3-5 parts;
(2)Semen Glyciness, niblet, wheat berry, Semen Sesami, Testa Tritici is fried out respectively and be cooled to after fragrance 40-50 DEG C, grind into powder;
(2)Sweet potato is cleaned, is cut into inch strips, dried with microwave oven, being 20-30% to water content, grind to form pasty state;
(3)Above-mentioned powder is mixed homogeneously with sweet potato paste and is obtained final product.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the Flos Chrysanthemi powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen processing method are:By dry Flos Chrysanthemi
Powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen are added makes the hydromel of its 2 times of volumes, stirs to becoming pasty state;It is then placed in refrigerating chamber to freeze 2-4 days, takes
Smash to pieces immediately after going out, the boiling water punching leaching measured with 2-3 times is stirring while adding, and pollen is carried out into breaking cellular wall by the effect expanded with heat and contract with cold,
It is allowed to nutritional labeling fully to discharge.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The feed formula of the present invention is that taking full advantage of can through science collocation, comprehensive nutrition
Regenerated resources, reduce feed cost, and the plant component of addition is rich in higher crude protein, crude fibre and crude fat, is conducive to
Enterogastric peristalsis, accelerate to absorb, the Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae after pickling using maltose residues, seldom with black gill disease disease after Procambarus clarkii is edible
And soft shell disease, also containing the multiple beneficial element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, while also having pollution discharge capability, contribute in Procambarus clarkii body
The noxious substance such as arsenic, hydrargyrum, cadmium, lead discharge, containing abundant vitamin group in pollen, including vitamin B group and vitamin
A, vitamin D, Vitamin E, vitamin K etc., can shorten the Procambarus clarkii shell time, improve survival rate, also containing ferrum, phosphorus, zinc,
The plurality of inorganic salt of calcium, magnesium, potassium etc. ten and 30 various trace elements and 18 kinds of enzymes, existing feed formula mineral and micro
Constituent content is not enough and absorbs not good, and causes Procambarus clarkii carapace occur due to the not enough of the trace elements absorption such as phosphorus, calcium
Can not shell, harden, form soft shell or the unsuccessful phenomenon that shells, the speed of growth slows down, and the present invention can rapidly be supplemented and maintained
Demand of the Lobster to mineral trace element, not only increases the resistances against diseases of Procambarus clarkii, also improves the nutriture value of Procambarus clarkii
Value.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof, the feedstuff is made up of by weight following raw material:40 parts of corn germ cake,
28 parts of rice straw, 25 parts of Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, 12 parts of food leftover bits and pieces, 13 parts of Herba Eichhorniae, 11 parts of Herba Eichhorniae, 9 parts of mussel meat, snail shell
7 parts, 5 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 2 parts of Formica fusca powder, 3 parts of maltose residues, 2 parts of meat meal tankage, 0.04 part of Flos Chrysanthemi powder, 0.03 part of Flos Nelumbinis pollen, food calling
1 part of agent, 0.1 part of Sal, phagostimulant composition is:Semen Glyciness, Semen Maydiss, Radix Ipomoeae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Sesami, wheat bran.
The feed producing method is comprised the following steps:
(1)By corn germ cake, rice straw, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, mussel meat with 180-200 DEG C of steamed 3 minutes after, under adding food
Heel, is crushed with blender, is stirred;
(2)Fresh Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae are admixed into maltose residues, are laid at shady and cool ventilation, after 5 days, by the Herba Eichhorniae for drying in the shade,
Herba Eichhorniae is crushed to 150 mesh, the Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae after being pickled using maltose residues, seldom with black gill disease disease after Procambarus clarkii is edible
And soft shell disease;
(3)Snail shell is pulverized, Cicadae pupa powder, Formica fusca powder, meat meal tankage, phagostimulant, Sal is added, with step(1)With(2)Institute
Material mixing is obtained, Flos Chrysanthemi powder, the Flos Nelumbinis pollen for processing is added, pelletize is carried out after mixing and is obtained final product.
As further describing to such scheme, the food leftover bits and pieces be make cookiess, bread, bean product it is useless
Material, source is wide, nutritious, low price.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the making step of the phagostimulant is:
(1)Weigh 10 parts of Semen Glyciness, 8 parts of Semen Maydiss, 6 parts of Semen Tritici aestivi, 4 parts of Semen Sesami, 3 parts of Testa Tritici;
(2)Semen Glyciness, niblet, wheat berry, Semen Sesami, Testa Tritici is fried out respectively and be cooled to after fragrance 40 DEG C, grind into powder;
(2)Sweet potato is cleaned, is cut into inch strips, dried with microwave oven, being 20% to water content, grind to form pasty state;
(3)Above-mentioned powder is mixed homogeneously with sweet potato paste and is obtained final product.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the Flos Chrysanthemi powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen processing method are:By dry Flos Chrysanthemi
Powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen are added makes the hydromel of its 2 times of volumes, stirs to becoming pasty state;It is then placed in refrigerating chamber to freeze 2 days, takes out
Smash to pieces immediately afterwards, it is stirring while adding with the boiling water punching leaching of 2 times of amounts, pollen is carried out by breaking cellular wall by the effect expanded with heat and contract with cold, it is allowed to
Nutritional labeling is fully discharged.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof, the feedstuff is made up of by weight following raw material:45 parts of corn germ cake,
31 parts of rice straw, 30 parts of Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, 15 parts of food leftover bits and pieces, 14 parts of Herba Eichhorniae, 12 parts of Herba Eichhorniae, mussel meat 11, snail shell
10 parts, 6 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 3 parts of Formica fusca powder, 4 parts of maltose residues, 2.5 parts of meat meal tankage, 0.05 part of Flos Chrysanthemi powder, 0.04 part of Flos Nelumbinis pollen, lure
1.5 parts of agent, 0.2 part of Sal are eaten, phagostimulant composition is:Semen Glyciness, Semen Maydiss, Radix Ipomoeae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Sesami, wheat bran.
The feed producing method is comprised the following steps:
(1)By corn germ cake, rice straw, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, mussel meat with 180-200 DEG C of steamed 4 minutes after, under adding food
Heel, is crushed with blender, is stirred;
(2)Fresh Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae are admixed into maltose residues, are laid at shady and cool ventilation, after 6 days, by the Herba Eichhorniae for drying in the shade,
Herba Eichhorniae is crushed to 165 mesh, the Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae after being pickled using maltose residues, seldom with black gill disease disease after Procambarus clarkii is edible
And soft shell disease;
(3)Snail shell is pulverized, Cicadae pupa powder, Formica fusca powder, meat meal tankage, phagostimulant, Sal is added, with step(1)With(2)Institute
Material mixing is obtained, Flos Chrysanthemi powder, the Flos Nelumbinis pollen for processing is added, pelletize is carried out after mixing and is obtained final product.
As further describing to such scheme, the food leftover bits and pieces be make cookiess, bread, bean product it is useless
Material, source is wide, nutritious, low price.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the making step of the phagostimulant is:
(1)Weigh 11 parts of Semen Glyciness, 9 parts of Semen Maydiss, 7 parts of Semen Tritici aestivi, 5 parts of Semen Sesami, 4 parts of Testa Tritici;
(2)Semen Glyciness, niblet, wheat berry, Semen Sesami, Testa Tritici is fried out respectively and be cooled to after fragrance 45 DEG C, grind into powder;
(2)Sweet potato is cleaned, is cut into inch strips, dried with microwave oven, being 25% to water content, grind to form pasty state;
(3)Above-mentioned powder is mixed homogeneously with sweet potato paste and is obtained final product.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the Flos Chrysanthemi powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen processing method are:By dry Flos Chrysanthemi
Powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen are added makes the hydromel of its 2 times of volumes, stirs to becoming pasty state;It is then placed in refrigerating chamber to freeze 3 days, takes out
Smash to pieces immediately afterwards, it is stirring while adding with the boiling water punching leaching of 2 times of amounts, pollen is carried out by breaking cellular wall by the effect expanded with heat and contract with cold, it is allowed to
Nutritional labeling is fully discharged.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof, the feedstuff is made up of by weight following raw material:50 parts of corn germ cake,
34 parts of rice straw, 35 parts of Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, 18 parts of food leftover bits and pieces, 15 parts of Herba Eichhorniae, 14 parts of Herba Eichhorniae, mussel meat 13, snail shell
12 parts, 8 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 4 parts of Formica fusca powder, 6 parts of maltose residues, 3 parts of meat meal tankage, 0.06 part of Flos Chrysanthemi powder, 0.05 part of Flos Nelumbinis pollen, food calling
2 parts of agent, 0.3 part of Sal, phagostimulant composition is:Semen Glyciness, Semen Maydiss, Radix Ipomoeae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Sesami, wheat bran.
The feed producing method is comprised the following steps:
(1)By corn germ cake, rice straw, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, mussel meat with 180-200 DEG C of steamed 5 minutes after, under adding food
Heel, is crushed with blender, is stirred;
(2)Fresh Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae are admixed into maltose residues, are laid at shady and cool ventilation, after 7 days, by the Herba Eichhorniae for drying in the shade,
Herba Eichhorniae is crushed to 180 mesh, the Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae after being pickled using maltose residues, seldom with black gill disease disease after Procambarus clarkii is edible
And soft shell disease;
(3)Snail shell is pulverized, Cicadae pupa powder, Formica fusca powder, meat meal tankage, phagostimulant, Sal is added, with step(1)With(2)Institute
Material mixing is obtained, Flos Chrysanthemi powder, the Flos Nelumbinis pollen for processing is added, pelletize is carried out after mixing and is obtained final product.
As further describing to such scheme, the food leftover bits and pieces be make cookiess, bread, bean product it is useless
Material, source is wide, nutritious, low price.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the making step of the phagostimulant is:
(1)Weigh 12 parts of Semen Glyciness, 11 parts of Semen Maydiss, 9 parts of Semen Tritici aestivi, 7 parts of Semen Sesami, 5 parts of Testa Tritici;
(2)Semen Glyciness, niblet, wheat berry, Semen Sesami, Testa Tritici is fried out respectively and be cooled to after fragrance 50 DEG C, grind into powder;
(2)Sweet potato is cleaned, is cut into inch strips, dried with microwave oven, being 30% to water content, grind to form pasty state;
(3)Above-mentioned powder is mixed homogeneously with sweet potato paste and is obtained final product.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the Flos Chrysanthemi powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen processing method are:By dry Flos Chrysanthemi
Powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen are added makes the hydromel of its 2 times of volumes, stirs to becoming pasty state;It is then placed in refrigerating chamber to freeze 4 days, takes out
Smash to pieces immediately afterwards, it is stirring while adding with the boiling water punching leaching of 3 times of amounts, pollen is carried out by breaking cellular wall by the effect expanded with heat and contract with cold, it is allowed to
Nutritional labeling is fully discharged.
Contrast test
The feedstuff and traditional breeding feed of the present invention is respectively adopted(As a control group)Procambarus clarkii cultivation is carried out, except cultivation in test
Feedstuff is different outer, and other conditions are consistent, and cultivation is proceeded by it can list from shrimp seedling, and comparing result is recorded such as
Shown in following table:
Project | The present invention | Matched group |
Survival rate(%) | 95.6 | 78.2 |
Shell speed(Times) | 2-3 times | Control |
Procambarus clarkii sign | It is individual big, dynamic | The bodily form is generally petite, and vigor is not good |
Feed cost reduction rate(%) | 27.4 | Control |
Income increase rate(%) | 87.3 | Control |
The Procambarus clarkii breeding feed that can be seen that the present invention by data in form improves Procambarus clarkii survival rate to 95.6%, pole
Big reduces cultivation loss, and the mineral contained in feedstuff and trace element can be absorbed well by Procambarus clarkii, shell speed
Degree improve 2-3 times, the individual weight of Procambarus clarkii and it is solid, resist disease ability be also improved, compare with conventional feed, this
The bright raw material for taking full advantage of recyclable recycling, reduces feed making cost, and income is improve into 87.3%, it can be seen that,
The present invention is a kind of technology being extremely worthy to be popularized.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that the feedstuff is made up of by weight following raw material:It is beautiful
Rice plumule dregs of rice 40-50 parts, rice straw 28-34 parts, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 25-35 parts, food leftover bits and pieces 12-18 parts, Herba Eichhorniae 13-15
Part, Herba Eichhorniae 11-14 parts, mussel meat 9-13 parts, snail shell 7-12 parts, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 5-8 parts, Formica fusca powder 2-4 parts, maltose residues 3-6
Part, meat meal tankage 2-3 parts, Flos Chrysanthemi powder 0.04-0.06 parts, Flos Nelumbinis pollen 0.03-0.05 parts, phagostimulant 1-2 part, Sal 0.1-0.3
Part, phagostimulant composition is:Semen Glyciness, Semen Maydiss, Radix Ipomoeae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Sesami, wheat bran.
2. a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that its preparation method includes
Following steps:
(1)By corn germ cake, rice straw, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, mussel meat with after 180-200 DEG C of steamed 3-5 minute, food is added
Leftover bits and pieces, are crushed with blender, are stirred;
(2)Fresh Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Eichhorniae are admixed into maltose residues, is laid at shady and cool ventilation, after 5-7 days, by the phoenix eyes for drying in the shade
Lotus, Herba Eichhorniae are crushed to 150-180 mesh;
(3)Snail shell is pulverized, Cicadae pupa powder, Formica fusca powder, meat meal tankage, phagostimulant, Sal is added, with step(1)With(2)Institute
Material mixing is obtained, Flos Chrysanthemi powder, the Flos Nelumbinis pollen for processing is added, pelletize is carried out after mixing and is obtained final product.
3. a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that the food leftover bits and pieces
To make the waste material of cookiess, bread, bean product.
4. a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that the system of the phagostimulant
It is as step:
(1)Weigh Semen Glyciness 10-12 parts, Semen Maydiss 8-11 parts, Semen Tritici aestivi 6-9 parts, Semen Sesami 4-7 parts, Testa Tritici 3-5 parts;
(2)Semen Glyciness, niblet, wheat berry, Semen Sesami, Testa Tritici is fried out respectively and be cooled to after fragrance 40-50 DEG C, grind into powder;
(2)Sweet potato is cleaned, is cut into inch strips, dried with microwave oven, being 20-30% to water content, grind to form pasty state;
(3)Above-mentioned powder is mixed homogeneously with sweet potato paste and is obtained final product.
5. a kind of Procambarus clarkii feedstuff according to claim 2 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that the Flos Chrysanthemi powder, lotus
Flower pollen processing method be:By dry Flos Chrysanthemi powder, Flos Nelumbinis pollen is added makes the hydromel of its 2 times of volumes, is stirred to becoming paste
Shape, is then placed in refrigerating chamber and freezes 2-4 days, smashs to pieces immediately after taking-up, the boiling water punching leaching measured with 2-3 times, stirring while adding.
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Application publication date: 20170517 |