CN106665326B - Porphyra haitanensis extending cultivation method - Google Patents
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- CN106665326B CN106665326B CN201710143217.1A CN201710143217A CN106665326B CN 106665326 B CN106665326 B CN 106665326B CN 201710143217 A CN201710143217 A CN 201710143217A CN 106665326 B CN106665326 B CN 106665326B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis, which is characterized in that in August, shell filaments cultivated in Zhejiang are transferred to Jiangsu north for conchospore seedling collection and cultivation, and porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultivated; performing mesh division cultivation on Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in Jiangsu in situ according to a conventional method in the field, performing mesh division cultivation on one part of the seedlings when the seedling nets are fully covered with seedlings, and refrigerating the other part of the seedlings for later use by using a refrigerating mesh technology; one part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain for the net cultivation is directly cultivated in situ in Jiangsu; the other part is directly transferred to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation; the seedling curtains cultivated in situ in Jiangsu are harvested for several times, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are transferred to Zhejiang to be cultivated continuously; the refrigerated seedling curtain can be used at any time. The invention can solve the problems of poor quality and low benefit of large-scale cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis in northern areas and can also solve the phenomenon that no seedlings can be cultivated due to the technical defect of rotten porphyra haitanensis in southern areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis, belonging to the technical field of seaweed cultivation and proliferation.
Background
Porphyra haitanensis belongs to Rhodophyta (Rhodophyta), Protoferrideae (Protoferrideae), Rhodophyta (Bangiales), Rhodophyta (Bangiacea) and Porphyra (Porphyra/Pyropia), and is a large economic seaweed with rich nutrition and delicious taste. The dried porphyra haitanensis product contains more than 30 percent of crude protein, contains substances such as vitamin A, vitamin C, various essential amino acids for human bodies, polysaccharide, oligosaccharide, dietary fiber, trace elements and the like, and has special efficacy for improving various diseases of modern people. The porphyra haitanensis is one of the highest-yield cultivated seaweeds in the world at present, and the cultivation area exceeds 60 ten thousand mu. The porphyra haitanensis cultivated in large scale can consume nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in seawater, and is separated from the water area by timely harvesting, so that the eutrophication degree of the sea area is reduced, and the porphyra haitanensis cultivated in large scale has important ecological restoration and protection effects on the marine environment.
The classical porphyra haitanensis cultivation area is located along the coast of Zhejiang province in the south of the Yangtze river in China. In recent years, due to changes of climate and coastal environment, especially global warming, porphyra haitanensis resources and suitable habitats thereof are changed to have more and more influence on growth and cultivation of porphyra haitanensis, in recent 3 years, serious rotten vegetables occur in a core cultivation sea area of Zhejiang Min, and large-area failure and local failure are caused.
The traditional porphyra haitanensis cultivation is finished in the same place, namely, cultivation seedlings in an accessory sea area are supplied in a seedling raising field in one area. For example, the invention patent with the publication number of 'CN 103931482A', which is named as 'a method for promoting the maturing and collecting seedlings of porphyra haitanensis shell protonema' discloses the steps of culturing and promoting the maturing of the shell protonema before the maturing, diffusing conchospores and collecting seedlings; the invention patent with the publication number of CN201410385366 and the name of 'an indoor conchospore seedling collection method of porphyra haitanensis concha protonema' discloses the processes of conchospore seedling collection preparation, conchospore seedling collection and the like; the invention discloses a seedling raising method with the publication number of CN201110324611 and the name of an indoor seedling raising method of porphyra haitanensis seedlings, and discloses a seedling raising method with uniform lighting of porphyra haitanensis conch strings and low labor intensity of seedling raising management. The same applies to Porphyra yezoensis from Jiangsu, which all use the offspring seeds from nearby nursery as the seed source for cultivation. The benefit of the porphyra haitanensis cultivation mainly comes from the collection of the first, second and third vegetables, the price is high, and as the time is pushed, the price of the vegetables collected in the later period is lower and lower, the vegetables grow slowly, so most of farmers can leave the seedlings out of the warehouse early and expect to collect the vegetables early, and the price is high.
The culture sea area of Jiangsu is relatively open, belongs to an open water area, has large and rapid waves, is similar to the condition of the wild laver, and the laver grown under the condition has the characteristics of high yield and poor quality. The laver sea areas cultivated in Fujian and Zhejiang are mostly estuary, waves are small and smooth, the operation is convenient, and the laver grown under the condition has the characteristics of thin and soft alga body and good quality and is easy to rot. Therefore, the method has very important practical significance for carrying out the extension cultivation according to different environmental characteristics of the sea areas from south to north.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of rotten laver and Jiangsu porphyra haitanensis cultivated in the existing porphyra haitanensis cultivation area is poor, and provides a method for large-scale extended cultivation of porphyra haitanensis, which can solve the problems of poor quality and low benefit of large-scale cultivation of porphyra haitanensis in the northern area and solve the problem that no seedlings can be cultivated due to the technical defect of rotten laver of porphyra haitanensis in the southern area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a porphyra haitanensis large-scale extension cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains: in August, the shell filament cultivated in Zhejiang is transferred to Jiangsu, conchospore seedling collection and cultivation are carried out according to the conventional method in the field, Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultivated in advance and serve as the production center of high-quality seedling curtains;
(2) and (3) performing net cultivation and cold storage: carrying out split-screen cultivation on the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in the step (1) in situ in Jiangsu according to a conventional method in the field, and when seedlings are fully distributed on a mesh line, carrying out split-screen cultivation on one part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain, and refrigerating the other part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain for later use by using a refrigerating mesh technology;
(3) cultivation of the seedling curtain by net cultivation: in the step (2), a part of porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains which are cultivated in a net mode are directly cultivated in situ in Jiangsu; the other part is directly transferred to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation; the seedling curtains cultivated in situ in Jiangsu are harvested for several times, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are transferred to Zhejiang to be cultivated continuously;
the seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is directly cultivated in Jiangsu, and large-scale extended cultivation of jar purple in Jiangsu is realized; transplanting the seedling curtains cultivated in Jiangsu to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation, and realizing large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis in Zhejiang; the seedlings cultured in Jiangsu are cultured in the curtain and then moved south, so that the cross-regional extension cultivation of the same batch of seedlings is realized;
(4) in the step (2), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain refrigerated by the refrigeration net technology is used as a supply center of a high-quality seedling curtain; one part is cultivated in Jiangsu in situ according to the conventional method in the field; the other part is directly transferred to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation; the seedling curtains cultivated in situ in Jiangsu are harvested for several times, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are transferred to Zhejiang to be cultivated continuously;
similarly, the seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu can be directly cultivated in Jiangsu, and the large-scale extended cultivation of the jar purple in Jiangsu is realized; transplanting the seedling curtains cultivated in Jiangsu to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation, and realizing large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis in Zhejiang; the seedlings cultured in Jiangsu are cultured in the curtain and then moved south, so that the cross-regional extension cultivation of the same batch of seedlings is realized.
In the above technical scheme, the specific operation method for cultivating the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in the step (1) is any one, or any two or three of the following ways:
① at 8/7/8/12/year, transporting mature shell filament with Porphyra haitanensis sporangia from Fujian and Zhejiang south to Hongkong harbor sea area in North of Jiangsu province, collecting and culturing shell spore according to conventional method, and culturing Porphyra haitanensis sprout curtain to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis culture;
② at 8-18 months of each year, transporting mature concha protonema with Porphyra haitanensis sporangia from the central south of Fujian and Zhejiang to the middle salt-city sea area of Jiangsu province, collecting concha sporophytes, culturing to obtain Porphyra haitanensis sprout curtain by conventional method to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis culture in salt-city sea area;
③ at 8-24 months per year, transporting mature shell filament with Porphyra haitanensis sporangia from Fujian Zhejiang to southeast Tonghai area of Jiangsu province, collecting and culturing shell spore according to conventional method to obtain Porphyra haitanensis curtain to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis culture in southeast Tonghai area;
the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is cultivated in advance in Jiangsu, and the seedling foundation of large-scale extension cultivation is laid. Transferring the mature shell protonema cultivated in Zhejiang Min to Jiangsu north in August to collect and culture shell spores. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultured in batches, and 6-18 porphyra haitanensis net curtains with conchospores can be hung on the same net position. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain can be cultivated in advance by clear water, quick flowing and proper temperature in Jiangsu, large-scale efficient cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in advance is facilitated, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is used as a production center of high-quality porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains, so that a seedling foundation for large-scale extended cultivation is laid.
In the technical scheme, in the step (2), after the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains cultured in the step (1) are cultured for 10 days, net separation is carried out, only one seedling curtain is hung on one net position, the cultivation is continued for 20-30 days according to a conventional management method, when seedlings with the length of 1-3 cm are fully distributed on a net line, one part is subjected to net separation cultivation, and the other part is refrigerated by utilizing a refrigeration net technology.
The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain refrigerated by utilizing the refrigeration net technology comprises the following refrigeration method: sealing the dried laver seedling curtain, and then placing the laver seedling curtain in a refrigeration house at the temperature of between 18 ℃ below zero and 24 ℃ below zero for refrigeration; can be stored for a long time and provided at any time, avoids bad growth period, or removes enteromorpha and diatom on a laver seedling curtain, prevents and treats diseases, or is used for changing nets so as to keep high yield and high quality production; and (5) refrigerating and storing to lay a seedling foundation for extended cultivation.
In the technical scheme, in the step (3), part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain subjected to the net cultivation is continuously cultivated in Jiangsu in situ according to a local management method, so that the in-situ direct cultivation is realized.
The original porphyra haitanensis which is only cultivated in Fujian of Zhejiang is spatially extended to Jiangsu, so that large-scale extended cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis is realized, and the cultivation space is directly extended. The vegetables can be collected in the Hongyun harbor sea area before and after 9 months and 20 days, and the vegetables can be collected in the Jiangsu sea area after 10 days; the vegetable harvesting time is 1 month earlier than that of the traditional vegetable harvesting time in Zhejiang province; the vegetable receiving time is 2 months earlier than that of the traditional vegetable receiving time in Fujian, and the processing time of the laver in the Fujian area is correspondingly prolonged; the cultivation period in the sea area is prolonged from 3 months to 5 months, so that the improvement of the cultivation benefit is promoted; the method realizes the extension cultivation in time, so the benefit of the extension cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis in Jiangsu has obvious advantages compared with Zhejian.
And (3) in the step (3), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is cultivated in a split-net mode, the other part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is directly transferred to Zhejiang, one seedling curtain is hung on one net position in a stretched mode, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is cultivated at one time according to a local management method.
The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated by Jiangsu is used for cultivating large seedlings in the south of Zhejiang province at one time, and the cultivation space is extended; large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis in Zhejiang province is realized; wherein the Ningbo in the northern part of Zhejiang is at the beginning of 9 months, Taizhou in the middle part of Zhejiang is in the middle of 9 months, Wenzhou in the southern part of Zhejiang is in the late 9 months, Fujian is in 10 months, the harvest time of locally collecting conchospores and seedlings is 30 days earlier than that of locally collecting the seedlings and cultivating the seedlings, which is equivalent to increasing the harvest time of two harvests to realize the early harvest of the vegetables.
In the step (3), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain subjected to the split-net cultivation is cultivated in situ in Jiangsu according to a local management method and is harvested for a plurality of times, the south is moved to Zhejiang to continue cultivating according to the local management method, and the secondary porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain harvested in Jiangsu is extended to Fujian Zhejiang for cultivation; and the vacant mesh position is used as a cultivation place of the porphyra yezoensis, so that the alternate cultivation of the porphyra yezoensis and the porphyra yezoensis is realized.
After the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is moved to Zhejiang, the maximum cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain can be realized, the cultivation space is extended, and the maximum cultivation is realized through rotation cultivation; the secondary seedling curtain of the porphyra haitanensis in Jiangsu province is utilized by Zhejiang province, large seedlings are transplanted in the south, continued cultivation is carried out, and the cultivation space is extended. The quality problem which can be caused by direct culture in the Jiangsu sea area is solved, the local laver seedling requirement is supplemented, and the cross-regional extension culture of the same batch of seedlings is realized.
In the technical scheme, in the step (4), the operation of cultivating the refrigerated porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in situ in Jiangsu is the same as the operation of cultivating in situ in Jiangsu in the step (3);
in the step (4), the operation of directly transferring the refrigerated porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain to Zhejiang Min for cultivation is the same as the operation of directly transferring the refrigerated porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain to Zhejiang Min for cultivation in the step (3);
in the step (4), the operation of cultivating the refrigerated porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in situ of Jiangsu and then transferring the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain to Zhejiang Min for cultivation is the same as the operation of cultivating the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in situ of Jiangsu and then transferring the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain to Zhejiang Min for cultivation in the step (3).
The method of the invention is suitable for developing the extension cultivation method according to the conditions of temperature and the like required by the growth of the porphyra haitanensis and the suitable time of the main link of the traditional cultivation, and the flow chart is shown in a flow chart 1.
The invention has the advantages that: and a method for actively transferring seedlings is adopted to realize an extension cultivation mode.
Through scientific transfer, Zhejiang is taken as a core, Suminjian is taken as a cultivation promotion condition of a radiation area, cross-regional relay cultivation is carried out, the high temperature and typhoon in autumn in the east China sea area can be avoided, the disaster loss is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the time difference of operating the sea area in the east China sea and the yellow sea can be utilized, the utilization rate of the sea area is improved, the production cost is reduced, and greater economic benefits are generated. The extended cultivation mode can extend the porphyra haitanensis and the cultivation area from the east sea area such as Zhejiang Min to the yellow sea area north of Yangtze river such as Jiangsu, and the cultivation time of the porphyra haitanensis is prolonged from 9 months to 1 month in the next year to 8 months to 5 months in the next year, so that the cultivation area and period of the porphyra haitanensis are greatly improved.
Since the porphyra haitanensis resource and the suitable habitat thereof are changed due to global temperature rise, the suitable temperature line is moved to the north, the original porphyra haitanensis which is widely cultivated in the sea area of Zhejiang province cannot be adapted to the local environment, the temperature environment of the sea area of the north is gradually adapted to the temperature environment of the sea area of the north, the porphyra haitanensis can be cultivated in the yellow sea area of the north of Yangtze river, and the large-area cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis gradually develops to Jiangsu. Along with the global temperature rise effect, the porphyra haitanensis is originally limited to the traditional mode of cultivation in the south of the Yangtze river, is cultivated in the sea areas such as the Yangtze city, the Nantong and the like in Jiangsu province in the north of the Yangtze river at present, and is used as the alternate cultivation type with the porphyra yezoensis, so that the huge economic effect is generated, and the cultivation area of the porphyra haitanensis is from small experiments to the level of 10 ten thousand mu in 2016.
Drawings
FIG. 1: flow chart of the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The method is described in detail below with reference to the examples:
example 1
A porphyra haitanensis large-scale extension cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in advance in Jiangsu: transferring the mature shell protonema cultivated in Zhejiang Min north to Jiangsu to collect and culture shell spores; the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultured in batches, and 6-18 porphyra haitanensis net curtains with conchospores can be hung on the same net position. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain can be cultivated in advance by clear water, quick flowing and proper temperature in Jiangsu, large-scale efficient cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in advance is facilitated, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is used as a production center of high-quality porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains, so that a seedling foundation for large-scale extended cultivation is laid. The specific method comprises the following steps:
at 7-8-12 months of each year, mature concha filaments with Porphyra haitanensis sporangiums from south of Fujian and Zhejiang are transported to the North of Jiangsu province in the Hongyun hongkong sea area, and concha spores are collected according to the traditional method to meet the requirements of Porphyra haitanensis cultivation in the Hongyun hongkong sea area.
(2) The method comprises the following steps of (1) directly cultivating Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in Jiangsu: the seedling curtains cultured in the step (1) are cultured in a net after 10 days, only one seedling curtain is hung on one net position, and the seedling curtains are cultured according to a local management method; when the net lines are fully distributed with seedlings of 1 cm-3 cm, one part is subjected to net cultivation and the other part is refrigerated for storage; and (3) cultivating a seedling curtain of the split-net cultivation, wherein one part of the seedling curtain is cultivated until the seedling curtain is harvested according to a local management method, so that the in-situ direct cultivation of the seedling curtain of the Jiangsu cultivated porphyra haitanensis is realized.
The original porphyra haitanensis which is only cultivated in Fujian of Zhejiang is spatially extended to Jiangsu, so that the large-scale extended cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis is realized.
(3) The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is cultivated in a south transplanting mode in one step: and (3) directly transferring the other part of the seedling curtain cultivated in the branch net in the step (2) to Fujian Zhejiang, hanging one seedling curtain on one net position, cultivating according to a local management method until harvesting, and realizing large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis on the Fujian Zhejiang.
(4) The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is firstly cultivated and then moved in the south: in the step (2), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is directly cultivated in situ in Jiangsu, after being harvested for a plurality of times, the part of the seedling curtain is moved to Fujian Zhejiang, and the cultivation is continued according to the local management method of the Fujian Zhejiang, so that the secondary porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain (already harvested) in Jiangsu is extended to the Fujian Zhejiang for cultivation.
The vacant mesh position is used as a cultivation place of the porphyra yezoensis, and the alternate cultivation of the porphyra yezoensis and the porphyra yezoensis is realized; to the Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain, the maximization of growing can be realized, and to the cultivation space, the maximization is realized through the rotation.
The secondary laver seedling curtain of Jiangsu porphyra haitanensis is utilized in Zhejiang Min, and continuous cultivation is carried out by moving large seedlings in the south, so that the possible quality problem caused by direct cultivation in Jiangsu sea area is solved, the local laver seedling demand is supplemented, and the cross-region extended cultivation of the same batch of seedlings is realized.
(5) Utilization of the refrigerated seedling curtain: in the step (2), the seedling curtain is cultivated for about 20-30 days, when seedlings with the length of 1-3 cm are fully distributed on the net lines, the seedlings can be cultivated in a net mode, and one part of the seedlings is refrigerated for later use by the refrigeration net technology and serves as a supply center of the high-quality porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain. The cold storage method is a technical method for sealing the dried laver seedling curtain, placing the sealed laver seedling curtain in a cold storage for cold storage, storing the laver seedling curtain for a long time, providing the laver seedling curtain at any time, avoiding bad growth period, removing enteromorpha and diatom on the laver seedling curtain, preventing and treating diseases, or replacing nets to keep high yield and high quality production. And (4) cultivating Jiangsu in situ according to the steps (2), (3) and (4), directly moving the Jiangsu to Zhejiang Min for cultivation, and moving the Jiangsu to Zhejiang Min for cultivation after cultivation in situ.
Example 2
A porphyra haitanensis large-scale extension cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in advance in Jiangsu: transferring the mature shell protonema cultivated in Zhejiang Min to Jiangsu north in August to collect and culture shell spores. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultured in batches, and 6-18 porphyra haitanensis net curtains with conchospores can be hung on the same net position. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain can be cultivated in advance by clear water, quick flowing and proper temperature in Jiangsu, large-scale efficient cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in advance is facilitated, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is used as a production center of high-quality porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains, so that a seedling foundation for large-scale extended cultivation is laid. The specific method comprises the following steps:
and transporting mature shell protonema with porphyra haitanensis sporangiums from the middle south of Fujian and Zhejiang to the middle salt city sea area of Jiangsu province in 8-18 days of each year, and collecting the conchospores according to the traditional method so as to meet the seedling requirements for porphyra haitanensis cultivation in the salt city sea area.
(2) The method comprises the following steps of (1) directly cultivating Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in Jiangsu: the seedling curtains cultured in the step (1) are cultured in a net after 10 days, only one seedling curtain is hung on one net position, and the seedling curtains are cultured according to a local management method; when the net lines are fully distributed with seedlings of 1 cm-3 cm, one part is subjected to net cultivation and the other part is refrigerated for storage; and (3) cultivating a seedling curtain of the split-net cultivation, wherein one part of the seedling curtain is cultivated until the seedling curtain is harvested according to a local management method, so that the in-situ direct cultivation of the seedling curtain of the Jiangsu cultivated porphyra haitanensis is realized.
(3) The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is cultivated in a south transplanting mode in one step: and (3) directly transferring the other part of the seedling curtain cultivated in the branch net in the step (2) to Fujian Zhejiang, hanging one seedling curtain on one net position, cultivating according to a local management method until harvesting, and realizing large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis on the Fujian Zhejiang.
(4) The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is firstly cultivated and then moved in the south: in the step (2), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is directly cultivated in situ in Jiangsu, after being harvested for a plurality of times, the part of the seedling curtain is moved to Fujian Zhejiang, and the cultivation is continued according to the local management method of the Fujian Zhejiang, so that the secondary porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain (already harvested) in Jiangsu is extended to the Fujian Zhejiang for cultivation.
(5) Utilization of the refrigerated seedling curtain: and (4) cultivating Jiangsu in situ according to the steps (2), (3) and (4), directly moving the Jiangsu to Zhejiang Min for cultivation, and moving the Jiangsu to Zhejiang Min for cultivation after cultivation in situ.
Example 3
A porphyra haitanensis large-scale extension cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in advance in Jiangsu: transferring the mature shell protonema cultivated in Zhejiang Min to Jiangsu north in August to collect and culture shell spores. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultured in batches, and 6-18 porphyra haitanensis net curtains with conchospores can be hung on the same net position. The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain can be cultivated in advance by clear water, quick flowing and proper temperature in Jiangsu, large-scale efficient cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain in advance is facilitated, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is used as a production center of high-quality porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains, so that a seedling foundation for large-scale extended cultivation is laid. The specific method comprises the following steps:
at 19-24 months of 8, respectively, mature concha filaments with Porphyra haitanensis sporangium from Fujian Zhejiang are transported to Nantong sea area of south China of Jiangsu province, and concha spores are collected according to the traditional method to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis cultivation in Nantong sea area.
(2) The method comprises the following steps of (1) directly cultivating Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains in Jiangsu: the seedling curtains cultured in the step (1) are cultured in a net after 10 days, only one seedling curtain is hung on one net position, and the seedling curtains are cultured according to a local management method; when the net lines are fully distributed with seedlings of 1 cm-3 cm, one part is subjected to net cultivation and the other part is refrigerated for storage; and (3) cultivating a seedling curtain of the split-net cultivation, wherein one part of the seedling curtain is cultivated until the seedling curtain is harvested according to a local management method, so that the in-situ direct cultivation of the seedling curtain of the Jiangsu cultivated porphyra haitanensis is realized.
(3) The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is cultivated in a south transplanting mode in one step: and (3) directly transferring the other part of the seedling curtain cultivated in the branch net in the step (2) to Fujian Zhejiang, hanging one seedling curtain on one net position, cultivating according to a local management method until harvesting, and realizing large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis on the Fujian Zhejiang.
(4) The porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is firstly cultivated and then moved in the south: in the step (2), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is directly cultivated in situ in Jiangsu, after being harvested for a plurality of times, the part of the seedling curtain is moved to Fujian Zhejiang, and the cultivation is continued according to the local management method of the Fujian Zhejiang, so that the secondary porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain (already harvested) in Jiangsu is extended to the Fujian Zhejiang for cultivation.
(5) Utilization of the refrigerated seedling curtain: and (4) cultivating Jiangsu in situ according to the steps (2), (3) and (4), directly moving the Jiangsu to Zhejiang Min for cultivation, and moving the Jiangsu to Zhejiang Min for cultivation after cultivation in situ.
According to the above cases, the Porphyra haitanensis cultivated in Jiangsu is directly cultivated in situ, the vegetables can be collected in the Hongyun harbor sea area before 9 months and 20 days, and the vegetables can be collected in the Jiangsu sea area after 10 days. The vegetable harvesting time is 1 month earlier than that of the traditional vegetable harvesting time in Zhejiang province; the vegetable collecting time is 2 months earlier than that of the traditional vegetable collecting time in Fujian province, and the processing time of the laver in the Fujian region is correspondingly prolonged. The cultivation period in the sea area is prolonged from 3 months to 5 months, and the improvement of the cultivation benefit is promoted. The method realizes the extension cultivation in time, so the benefit of the extension cultivation of the porphyra haitanensis in Jiangsu has obvious advantages compared with Zhejian.
According to the cases, the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in Jiangsu is cultivated in a south shift mode at one time, wherein the Ningbo in the north of Zhejiang is at the beginning of 9 months, Taizhou in the middle of Zhejiang is in the middle of 9 months, Wenzhou in the south of Zhejiang is in the late 9 months, Fujian is in 10 months, the harvest time of locally collecting conchospores for seedling collection and seedling cultivation is respectively compared, the harvest time is 30 days earlier, and the harvest time is increased by two times, so that the purpose of harvesting vegetables in advance is achieved.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for large-scale extension cultivation of porphyra haitanensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cultivating porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains: in August, the shell filament cultivated in Zhejiang is transferred to Jiangsu, conchospore seedling collection and cultivation are carried out according to the conventional method in the field, Porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are cultivated in advance and serve as the production center of high-quality seedling curtains; the specific operation method is any one, or any two or three of the following ways:
① at 8/7/8/12/year, transporting mature shell filament with Porphyra haitanensis sporangia from Fujian and Zhejiang south to Hongkong harbor sea area in North of Jiangsu province, collecting and culturing shell spore according to conventional method, and culturing Porphyra haitanensis sprout curtain to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis culture;
② at 8-18 months of each year, transporting mature concha protonema with Porphyra haitanensis sporangia from the central south of Fujian and Zhejiang to the middle salt-city sea area of Jiangsu province, collecting concha sporophytes, culturing to obtain Porphyra haitanensis sprout curtain by conventional method to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis culture in salt-city sea area;
③ at 8-24 months per year, transporting mature shell filament with Porphyra haitanensis sporangia from Fujian Zhejiang to southeast Tonghai area of Jiangsu province, collecting and culturing shell spore according to conventional method to obtain Porphyra haitanensis curtain to meet the requirement of Porphyra haitanensis culture in southeast Tonghai area;
(2) and (3) performing net cultivation and cold storage: carrying out split-screen cultivation on the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain cultivated in the step (1) in situ in Jiangsu according to a conventional method in the field, and when seedlings are fully distributed on a mesh line, carrying out split-screen cultivation on one part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain, and refrigerating the other part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain for later use by using a refrigerating mesh technology;
(3) cultivation of the seedling curtain by net cultivation: in the step (2), a part of porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains which are cultivated in a net mode are directly cultivated in situ in Jiangsu; the other part is directly transferred to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation; the seedling curtains cultivated in situ in Jiangsu are harvested for several times, and the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtains are transferred to Zhejiang to be cultivated continuously;
(4) in the step (2), the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain refrigerated by the refrigeration net technology is used as a supply center of a high-quality seedling curtain, one part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is cultivated in Jiangsu original places according to a conventional method in the field, and the other part of the porphyra haitanensis seedling curtain is directly transferred to Zhejiang for one-time cultivation; and after the Jiangsu is harvested for a plurality of times, the seedling curtains of the porphyra haitanensis are transferred to Zhejiang to be cultured continuously.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the porphyra haitanensis is cultivated in the step (1) for 10 days, then is subjected to net separation, only one seedling curtain is hung on one net position, the cultivation is continued for 20-30 days according to a conventional management method, when seedlings with the length of 1-3 cm are fully distributed on the net line, one part is cultivated in the net separation mode, and the other part is refrigerated by utilizing a refrigeration net technology.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the porphyra haitanensis sprout shade is refrigerated using a refrigeration net technique, and the refrigeration method is: sealing the dried laver seedling curtain, and then placing the laver seedling curtain in a refrigeration house with the temperature of minus 18 to minus 24 ℃ for refrigeration.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the porphyra haitanensis sheet is cultivated in a net, and a part of the porphyra haitanensis sheet is cultivated in situ in Jiangsu according to a local management method, so that the direct cultivation in situ is realized.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the porphyra haitanensis sprout curtain is cultivated in a net, the other part of the porphyra haitanensis sprout curtain is directly transferred to Zhejiang, and one sprout curtain is hung on one net position and cultivated at one time according to a local management method.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein in step (3), the Porphyra haitanensis sprout shade subjected to the division cultivation is cultivated in Jiangsu according to a local management method and harvested for several times, and then moved to the Min from south to continue cultivation according to the local management method.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (4), the in-situ culture of the cold-stored Porphyra haitanensis is performed in Jiangsu in the same manner as in step (3); the operation of directly transferring the south to Zhejiang for cultivating is the same as the operation of directly transferring the south to Zhejiang for cultivating in the step (3); the operation of moving to Zhejiang after the Jiangsu is cultivated in situ is the same as the operation of moving to Zhejiang after the Jiangsu is cultivated in situ in the step (3).
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| CN103563732A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-12 | 集美大学 | Porphyra haitanensis refrigeration net curtain exchanging cultivation method |
| CN105409755B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-22 | 宁波大学 | A kind of trans-regional relay method for culturing seedlings of porphyra haitanensis |
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