CN105660358B - A kind of altar purple shell conchocelis rotation utilizes method - Google Patents
A kind of altar purple shell conchocelis rotation utilizes method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660358B CN105660358B CN201610035025.4A CN201610035025A CN105660358B CN 105660358 B CN105660358 B CN 105660358B CN 201610035025 A CN201610035025 A CN 201610035025A CN 105660358 B CN105660358 B CN 105660358B
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- conchospore
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- porphyra haitanensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis rotation to utilize method, rotates to move northward the ripe, shell conchocelis with porphyra haitanensis sporangium for the first time and carries out conchospore and collect seedling；Secondary rotation will will complete the capable secondary cultivation of alternate culture conchospore is collected seedling for the first time shell conchocelis south shift-in, reach and continue conchospore after sporangium maturation and collect seedling；It rotates three times and continues to cultivate three times by the shell conchocelis that the conchospore for completing secondary rotation is collected seedling, after reaching sporangium maturation, the seed to accrue as local porphyra haitanensis uses.The method of the present invention can not only solve that northern area porphyra haitanensis seed demand is big but the insufficient technological deficiency in seed source, but also can solve the technological deficiency that the southern area porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis maturity period causes sporangium aging earlier than the conchospore phase of collecting seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis rotation to utilize method, belongs to seaweed oxygen―increasing reagent field.
Background technology
Porphyra haitanensis is one of highest economical alga of the output value in the world, is the important cultivation seaweed on the south China the Changjiang river, is supported
It has been more than 500,000 mu to grow area.Porphyra haitanensis is full of nutrition, delicious flavour, and the content of crude protein is up to 30% or more in dry product, and contains
There are substances and the mines such as vitamin A, vitamin C, the necessary amino acid of a variety of human bodies, polysaccharide, oligosaccharides, dietary fiber and trace element
Substance, a variety of diseases to improving Modern human populations have special efficacy.Extensive cultivation porphyra haitanensis can consume in a large amount of seawater
The nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus reduce the eutrophic extent in coastal waters, there is important restoration of the ecosystem to anticipate with protection marine environment
Justice.
Traditional cultivation seaweed cultural method is the process according to the history of life, as soon as in a regional nursery, when cultivation acquires
The conchospore locally cultivated and plunging into the commercial sea is formed.The change of whole process, environment is little, and seaweed seed can preferably adapt to local
Environment, while saving transhipment link.Porphyra haitanensis nursery all at present is completed in a place, such as Publication No.
" CN103931482A ", the patent of invention of entitled " a kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis accelerating and the method collected seedling ", discloses
Shell conchocelis cultivation before accelerating, the accelerating of shell conchocelis, conchospore are synchronized to diffuse and be collected seedling step with conchospore；Publication number
For " CN201410385366 ", the patent of invention of entitled " in a kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis room conchospore collect seedling method ",
Conchospore collect seedling preceding preparation in 1 day, conchospore of preceding preparation in 7 days, conchospore of collecting seedling is disclosed the processes such as to collect seedling；Publication No.
" CN201110324611 ", the patent of invention of entitled " a kind of indoor raising of seedling method of porphyra haitanensis seedling ", discloses a kind of shellfish
Shell string daylighting is more uniform, the indoor raising of seedling method of the smaller porphyra haitanensis seedling of seedling management labor intensity.The Porphyra yezoensis in Jiangsu
And in this way, it is the introduces a collection using the shell seed of neighbouring nursery as cultivation.
The key link of traditional porphyra haitanensis cultivation has carpospore inoculation shell, cultivates shell conchocelis, shell conchocelis
The stages such as maturation generates sporangium, conchospore collects seedling, forms.Carpospore be inoculated with suitable time that shell and conchospore are collected seedling according to
The conditional decisions such as the temperature in aquaculture sea area environment, maturity be mainly according to conditions such as temperature in the environment of seedling rearing room and
What artificial control determined.Fujian Province is located at the lower area of Northern Hemisphere latitude, and heating is early and the evening that cools down, suitable carpospore are inoculated with shellfish
Period nearly 180 day of the shell between conchospore is collected seedling；Jiangsu Province is located at Northern Hemisphere latitude area higher, and heat up cooling late
It is early, it collects seedling substantially 120 days to conchospore from suitable for carpospore inoculation shell, Zhejiang Province is suitable between Fujian and Jiangsu
Time is 145 days.In view of the shell conchocelis that Fujian is cultivated, carpospore is inoculated with morning shell phase, and high-temperature time is long, the maturity period
Early, still, conchospore phase of collecting seedling requires to drop to 28 DEG C or so at a temperature of sea area, collects seedling the phase than the north such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang sea area
Evening needs artificially to control breeding condition, and environmental condition drastic change often occur causes part sporangium to do sth. in advance aging, conchospore quality
Difference, in particular with global temperature-rise effect, such situation is increasingly severe.
With global temperature-rise effect, porphyra haitanensis was originally confined to cultivate traditional pattern on the south the Changjiang river, came at present
It cultivates to marine sites such as Jiangsu Province Yancheng of North of Yangtze River, Nantong, and as the alternate culture type with Porphyra yezoensis, produces huge
The area of economic benefits, cultivation increases to more than 20000 mus in 2015 from 3000 mu of 2014, it is contemplated that increased in 2016
To 100,000 mu.Porphyra yezoensis is cultivated in Jiangsu originally, and the shell conchocelis of every square metre of cultivation can collect seedling 2-3 mus, every square metre
The benefit of nursery reaches 400-600 members；And the shell conchocelis of every square metre of traditional porphyra haitanensis cultivation can collect seedling 0.5-1.5
Mu, benefit 90-270 members.In view of porphyra haitanensis later stage accelerating needs high temperature, large number of equipment is needed to ensure to rise with input in Jiangsu
Temperature, therefore, the whole nursery for carrying out porphyra haitanensis in Jiangsu Province lack competitiveness.It solves the tens thousand of mus in Jiangsu and forms required seed
Source, and the seed quantity and quality in other areas are not influenced, it is the task of top priority.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of porphyra haitanensis shellfish
Shell filamentous rotation utilizes method, can both solve northern area porphyra haitanensis seed demand greatly but the insufficient skill in seed source
Art defect, and can solve the southern area porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis maturity period and cause sporangium aging earlier than the conchospore phase of collecting seedling
Technological deficiency.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis rotation utilizes method, includes the following steps：
(1) it rotates for the first time：The ripe, shell conchocelis with porphyra haitanensis sporangium, which is moved northward, to carry out conchospore and collects seedling；
(2) secondary rotation：The secondary cultivation of shell conchocelis south shift-in row that step (1) described conchospore is collected seedling will be completed,
Reach and continues conchospore after sporangium maturation and collect seedling；
(3) it rotates three times：The shell conchocelis that step (2) described conchospore is collected seedling will be completed to continue to cultivate three times,
After reaching sporangium maturation, the seed to accrue as local porphyra haitanensis uses.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, rotation is specially using method：
(1) it rotates for the first time：The ripe, shell conchocelis with porphyra haitanensis sporangium, which is moved northward, to carry out conchospore and collects seedling, and has
Body method be following approach in any one or it is two kinds or three kinds arbitrary：
1., will be from Fujian Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in annual 10 days-August of August 25 days
Shell conchocelis is transported to Jiangsu Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, to meet needed for Jiangsu Province's porphyra haitanensis cultivation
The seed wanted；
2., will be from Zhejiang Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in annual 10 days-August of August 25 days
Shell conchocelis is transported to Jiangsu Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, to meet needed for Jiangsu Province's porphyra haitanensis cultivation
The seed wanted；
3., will be from Fujian Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in annual 25 days-September of August 20 days
Shell conchocelis is transported to Zhejiang Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, to meet needed for Zhejiang Province's porphyra haitanensis cultivation
The seed wanted；
(2) secondary rotation：The secondary cultivation of shell conchocelis south shift-in row that step (1) described conchospore is collected seedling will be completed,
Specific method be following approach in any one or it is two kinds or three kinds arbitrary：
A, the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Jiangsu Province, transports to Zhejiang Province, conventionally carries out two
After secondary cultivation reaches sporangium maturation, conventionally carries out conchospore in Zhejiang Province locality within 20th in 25 days-September of August and adopt
Seedling cultivates required seed to meet Zhejiang Province's porphyra haitanensis；
B, the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Jiangsu Province, transports to Fujian Province, conventionally carries out two
After secondary cultivation reaches sporangium maturation, conchospore is conventionally carried out in Fujian Province locality September 10-October 5 and adopted
Seedling cultivates required seed to meet Fujian Province's porphyra haitanensis；
C, the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Zhejiang Province, transports to Fujian Province, conventionally carries out two
After secondary cultivation reaches sporangium maturation, conchospore is conventionally carried out in Fujian Province locality September 10-October 5 and adopted
Seedling cultivates required seed to meet Fujian Province's porphyra haitanensis；
(3) it rotates three times：After the shell conchocelis completion conchospore of secondary cultivation maturation described in step (2) is collected seedling, stand
Locality is engraved in continue to cultivate three times, after reaching sporangium maturation, the seed to accrue as local porphyra haitanensis uses,
Natural population can be increased, laid the foundation for the cultivation of excellent strain and the recovery of wild resource.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in A, B of step (2), step C, the method all same of the secondary cultivation, specifically
For：It will complete the shell conchocelis collected seedling of conchospore and be placed in flowing water to carry out accelerating, while shorten light application time, and change water every time
When increase dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, complete the shell conchocelis after collecting seedling and pass through 15-20 days quick acceleratings, and can largely form spore
Ascus is capable of providing a large amount of conchospore, as seed source；In cultivating process, water temperature is maintained 28 DEG C or more, such as
Fruit water temperature is less than 28 DEG C, in the agricultural film of pool surface covering white, can function similarly to the function of greenhouse.
Preferably, the flow velocity of the flowing water is 10-30cm/s.
Preferably, the shortening light application time is that light application time is shorten to 8 hours or less (interlunations 16
Hour or more).
Preferably, described to increase dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the dose of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 10-15ppm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the cultivation three times described in step (3) is specially：The shell silk that completion conchospore is collected seedling
Shape body, which is placed in flowing water, carries out accelerating, while shortening light application time, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is increased when changing water every time, after completion is collected seedling
Shell conchocelis pass through 15-20 days quick acceleratings, and can largely form sporangium, be capable of providing a large amount of conchospore,
As seed source；In cultivating process, water temperature is maintained 28 DEG C or more, if water temperature is less than 28 DEG C, is covered in pool surface
The agricultural film for covering white, can function similarly to the function of greenhouse.
Preferably, the flow velocity of the flowing water is 10-30cm/s.
Preferably, the shortening light application time is that light application time is shorten to 8 hours or less (interlunations 16
Hour or more).
Preferably, described to increase dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the dose of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 10-15ppm.
The method of the present invention according to the suitable time of porphyra haitanensis traditional cultivation key link, suitable for carry out for the first time, it is secondary, three times
The method of rotation see the table below.
The suitable time of 1 porphyra haitanensis traditional cultivation key link of table
The advantage of the invention is that：By carrying out conchospore nursery in south, reach ripe, transport to Jiangsu, Zhejiang etc.
The higher area progress conchospore of latitude, which diffuses, collects seedling, and such seed source for both having solved northern area that rotates for the first time is asked
Topic, and the sporangium of the lower southern area of latitude is prevented to do sth. in advance the problem of aging is.Complete collecting seedling for the area such as Jiangsu
Afterwards, it transports shell conchocelis back south and continues secondary cultivation, such secondary rotation is realized with carrying out the in a collection of shell
It is secondary to collect seedling, the cost of nursery is saved, extensive use in porphyra haitanensis nursery is suitable for.Hereafter, continue to cultivate, altar can be used as
Seaweed increases numerous seed and realizes that shell conchocelis rotation utilizes naturally, and rotation can increase natural population three times, be excellent strain
Cultivation and the recovery of wild resource lay the foundation.The present invention has many advantages, such as that management simple operations are convenient, can significantly improve
Efficiency and benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The flow diagram of the method for the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
This method is specifically described with reference to embodiment：
Embodiment 1
A kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis rotation utilizes method, includes the following steps：
(1) it rotates for the first time：
It, will be from shell conchocelis Fujian Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in 2015 August 15 days
Transport to Jiangsu Province, conventionally carry out conchospore and collect seedling, in Jiangsu Province porphyra haitanensis deformation spore release amount 76.5 ten thousand/
Shell (as shown in table 2) can meet Jiangsu Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivate required seed；
It, will be from shell conchocelis Fujian Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in 2015 August 30 days
Transport to Zhejiang Province, conventionally carry out conchospore and collect seedling, in Zhejiang Province porphyra haitanensis deformation spore release amount 81.7 ten thousand/
Shell (as shown in table 2) can meet Zhejiang Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivate required seed, and the altar that Zhejiang Province cultivates is purple
Dish deforms spore release 71.6 ten thousand/shell of amount.
The deformation spore release amount of above two approach, is above in Fujian September amount of diffusin on the 17th.
In addition, on August 17th, 2015, it will also be from shellfish Zhejiang Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium
Shell filamentous is transported to Jiangsu Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, and in Jiangsu Province, porphyra haitanensis deforms spore release amount
76.8 ten thousand/shell (as shown in table 2) can meet Jiangsu Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivate required seed, and Jiangsu Province trains
The porphyra haitanensis educated deforms spore release 40.9 ten thousand/shell of amount.
(2) secondary rotation：
The shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Jiangsu Province, transports to Fujian Province, conventionally carries out secondary
It after cultivation reaches sporangium maturation, conventionally carries out conchospore in Fujian Province locality within 17th in September and collects seedling, deform spore
Amount of diffusin is 66.5 ten thousand/shell (as shown in table 2), can meet Fujian Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivate required seed.
The shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Jiangsu Province, transports to Zhejiang Province, conventionally carries out secondary
It after cultivation reaches sporangium maturation, conventionally carries out conchospore in Zhejiang Province locality within 5th in September and collects seedling, deform spore
Amount of diffusin is 51.2 ten thousand/shell (as shown in table 2), can meet Zhejiang Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivate required seed.
The shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Zhejiang Province, transports to Fujian Province, conventionally carries out secondary
It after cultivation reaches sporangium maturation, conventionally carries out conchospore in Fujian Province locality within 17th in September and collects seedling, deform spore
Amount of diffusin is 54.2 ten thousand/shell (as shown in table 2), can meet Fujian Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivate required seed.
The method of the secondary cultivation, specially：It will complete the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling and be placed in 1 flow velocity to be 0-
Accelerating is carried out in the flowing water of 30cm/s, while shortening light application time (shortening to light application time 8 hours or less), is being changed every time
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10-15ppm is increased when water, and water temperature is maintained 28 DEG C or more.
(3) it rotates three times：After the shell conchocelis completion conchospore of secondary cultivation maturation described in step (2) is collected seedling, stand
Quarter continues to cultivate three times in locality respectively, after reaching sporangium maturation, the seed that accrues as local porphyra haitanensis
It uses, natural population can be increased, the seaweed fresh weight amount measured is 8.6-15.5g/m2, this method is the training of excellent strain
It educates and the recovery of wild resource lays the foundation.
The method cultivated three times, specially：It will complete the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling and be placed in 1 flow velocity to be 0-
Accelerating is carried out in the flowing water of 30cm/s, while shortening light application time (shortening to light application time 8 hours or less), is being changed every time
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10-15ppm is increased when water, and water temperature is maintained 28 DEG C or more.
The deformation spore release amount unit in 2 different regions source of table：Ten thousand conchospore/shells
Wherein, t1：1 is rotated for the first time；t2：2 are rotated for the first time；t3：3 are rotated for the first time；；t4：Secondary rotation B；t5：Secondary rotation
C；t6：Secondary rotation A
Examples detailed above is technical concept and technical characterstic to illustrate the invention, can not limit the present invention's with this
Protection domain.The equivalent transformation or modification that all essence according to the present invention is done, should all cover in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis rotation utilizes method, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：
(1) it rotates for the first time：The ripe, shell conchocelis with porphyra haitanensis sporangium, which is moved northward, to carry out conchospore and collects seedling, specific side
Method be following approach in any one or it is two kinds or three kinds arbitrary：
1., will be from shell Fujian Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in annual 10 days-August of August 25 days
Filamentous is transported to Jiangsu Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, required to meet Jiangsu Province's porphyra haitanensis cultivation
Seed；
2., will be from shell Zhejiang Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in annual 10 days-August of August 25 days
Filamentous is transported to Jiangsu Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, required to meet Jiangsu Province's porphyra haitanensis cultivation
Seed；
3., will be from shell Fujian Province, ripe, with porphyra haitanensis sporangium in annual 25 days-September of August 20 days
Filamentous is transported to Zhejiang Province, is conventionally carried out conchospore and is collected seedling, required to meet Zhejiang Province's porphyra haitanensis cultivation
Seed；
(2) secondary rotation：The secondary cultivation of shell conchocelis south shift-in row that step (1) described conchospore is collected seedling will be completed, specifically
Method be following approach in any one or it is two kinds or three kinds arbitrary：
A, the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Jiangsu Province, transports to Zhejiang Province, conventionally carries out secondary training
It educates after reaching sporangium maturation, conventionally carrying out conchospore in Zhejiang Province locality within 20th in 25 days-September of August collects seedling, with
Meet Zhejiang Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivates required seed；
B, the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Jiangsu Province, transports to Fujian Province, conventionally carries out secondary training
It educates after reaching sporangium maturation, conventionally carrying out conchospore in Fujian Province locality September 10-October 5 collects seedling, with
Meet Fujian Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivates required seed；
C, the shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling is completed in Zhejiang Province, transports to Fujian Province, conventionally carries out secondary training
It educates after reaching sporangium maturation, conventionally carrying out conchospore in Fujian Province locality September 10-October 5 collects seedling, with
Meet Fujian Province's porphyra haitanensis and cultivates required seed；
(3) it rotates three times：After the shell conchocelis completion conchospore of secondary cultivation maturation described in step (2) is collected seedling, exist at once
Locality continues to cultivate three times, and after reaching sporangium maturation, the seed to accrue as local porphyra haitanensis uses.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in A, B of step (2), step C, the secondary cultivation
Method all same, specially：It will complete the shell conchocelis collected seedling of conchospore and be placed in flowing water to carry out accelerating, while shorten light
According to the time, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is increased when changing water every time；In cultivating process, water temperature is maintained 28 DEG C or more.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the flow velocity of the flowing water is 10-30cm/s.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the shortening light application time is to shorten to light application time
8 hours or less.
5. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described increases dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is applied
Fertilizer amount is 10-15ppm.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cultivation three times described in step (3) is specially：It will complete
The shell conchocelis that conchospore is collected seedling, which is placed in flowing water, carries out accelerating, while shortening light application time, and phosphorus is increased when changing water every time
Sour hydrogen dipotassium；In cultivating process, water temperature is maintained 28 DEG C or more.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the flow velocity of the flowing water is 10-30cm/s.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the shortening light application time is to shorten to light application time
8 hours or less.
9. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described increases dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is applied
Fertilizer amount is 10-15ppm.
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| CN102224800B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-21 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Summering cultivation method for seedlings of Hizikia fusiform (Harv)Okamura juvenile sporophytes |
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