CN106664922A - Super-energy broadcast sower - Google Patents

Super-energy broadcast sower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106664922A
CN106664922A CN201710037401.8A CN201710037401A CN106664922A CN 106664922 A CN106664922 A CN 106664922A CN 201710037401 A CN201710037401 A CN 201710037401A CN 106664922 A CN106664922 A CN 106664922A
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China
Prior art keywords
spreading
disk
broadcasting
super
technical
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Pending
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CN201710037401.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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阴国清
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Individual
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Priority to CN201710037401.8A priority Critical patent/CN106664922A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00Fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/16Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a super-energy broadcast sower and belongs to the technical field of sowing machinery. Aiming at solving the technical problems, a material guide technology is used for material discharging of broadcasting discs, a similar right-angle shape is formed by the broadcasting of each disc, the broadcasting direction is randomly changed at any time, the combined broadcasting disc is used for broadcasting materials to an appointed range, and the material broadcasting uniformity in an effective coverage range is smaller than +/-3%. An adjustable material discharging manner is adopted, the movement speed forms a direct proportion with a material discharging amount, and the total material broadcasting amount in a unit area is smaller than +/-3%. A technology of forcedly discharging the materials by adopting a spiral propeller and a material opening blade wheel is adopted, the propeller is used for crushing, and the blade wheel is used for crushing cakes of broadcasted materials, so as to be adaptive to organic and inorganic material broadcasting of granular, powdery and sticky and wet cakes. The broadcast sower is not blocked when the broadcasting amount is small, and the broadcast sower has a surplus space when the broadcasting amount is great, so that the broadcast sower is adaptive to the broadcasted materials with very poor flowability and very good flowability. The technology comprises carrying and traction type structures and can be in power matching with different types and different speeds. The broadcast sowing range is 1m to 40m. The super-energy broadcast sower is suitable for industries including agriculture, meadows, roads, railways and the like and is used for broadcasting chemical fertilizers, organic manure, seeds, snow-melting agents, sand stones, liquid and the like.

Description

Super seed broadcaster
Technical field:Field of mechanical technique is broadcasted sowing belonging to the technical program.
Background technology:Global Agriculture and grassland broadcast application material, bait throwing in material, son of sowing seeds etc. are repeated several times every year, and highway, railway spread Snow Agent, sandstone material and liquid etc. are more frequent, therefore, very strong to broadcasting sowing mechanical requirements, the market space of many uses is huge Greatly.Introduced according to Shuo Jia universities and colleges textbook and expert's documents and materials, broadcast sowing class machinery America and Europe's technology ratio at home and abroad at present It is leading, but generally acknowledge that the technology still has a multinomial guardian technique difficult problem, do not obtain effective all the time in the world Solve, technique is not yet ripe, it is difficult to enters the stage of popularization, is do not have to be widely popularized the bottleneck for using so far.Although city Some broadcast sowing class machinery on field, wherein the production line of several state-owned enterprise's Introduced From Abroads, how is the technical products for introducing oneself Advanced, now field broadcast application, highway spread Snow Agent but by other works all realizations already such as manual labor, field, highway Mechanization, why this mechanization of operation can not be easily accepted by a userThe production line that huge fund is introduced is forced to stop production.Expert Write articles introduction:Such as chemical fertilizer, " easy moisture absorption is hardened, and spreading property is poor, even if using the fertilizer machinery of import, it is also difficult to realize stable applying Fertile operation ".Its technical problem underlying is:
1. horizontal and vertical spreading distribution is very uneven:Each disk is shed more than 300 ° of angle and can not be regulated and controled, and single-deck is thrown There is about 40% spreading to spread to engine direction when spreading, therefore part type install additional in front of disk striker plate spreading, spreading is met after baffle plate Bounce-back landing.In addition polydisc is shed, and also there is the undue overlap problem of each disk coverage rate, cause machine travel band spreading compared with It is many, and spreading amount in machine both sides is less, causes " horizontal and vertical spreading distribution is very uneven "Or error at double.Furthermore shed Edge can not limit scope, such as easily material be shed to out-of-bounds in the operation of highway place, Snow Agent is spread and is made to greenbelt Withered, waste of resource, welding into plant.
2. discharge gate withdrawal rate is unrelated with gait of march, and spreading total amount is mainly by manual control, operation matter in unit area Amount is with to require error larger and very unstable.
3. the degeneration-resistant conformability of pair spreading is poor:Big portion adopts gravity flow marker method, when spreading is lumpd and viscous wet stickup, frame Sky, powdery, lamellar etc., or feces of livestock and poultry, mushroom support and plant organic spreading such as waste material then discharge not in time, causes to block spreading that this is more That few or local are zero, have a strong impact on and broadcast sowing quality or even cannot operation.
4. economic and practical difference is popularized and is obstructed;Supporting power very big, type is single, and operating speed is slow, amplitude is narrow, spreads Broadcast machinery shortage adaptive functions range of application to be limited, the low operating cost of operation rate of machinery is high.
5. the quality of discharge system function, directly affects the service behaviour and key index of whole machine, therefore universities and colleges《Religion Section's book》In design ideal especially set out fertilizer apparatus, pluck choosing it is as follows;
" design of chemical fertilizer fertilizer apparatus should meet claimed below:
(1) there is certain fertilizer ability, defertilizing amount stable and uniform is not that the number of fertilizer, landform are inclined by fertilizer box The impact of the factor such as volt and operating speed.
(2) can apply and broadcast various fertilizer, versatility is good.Require fertilizer apparatus except crystalline substance, the spheroidizing of good fluidity can be applied Outside fertilizer and composite particles chemical fertilizer, the powdered fertilizer of poor fluidity should be able to be applied.
(3) defertilizing amount adjusts sensitive, accurate, and range of accommodation adapts to different fertilizer varieties and applies requirement with Different Crop.
(4) fertilizer reliability, working resistance is little, using easy to adjust.
(5) it is easy to cleaning residual chemical fertilizer after operation.
(6) all mechanisms contacted with fertilizer of fertilizer apparatus, part are manufactured preferably with corrosion-proof wear-resistant material.”
Above-mentioned fertilizer apparatus is design ideal target, does not have other technologies at present and realizes the target, and the technology of the present invention Scheme is fully met outside above-mentioned requirements, separately has several technical specifications to surmount this requirement.
The content of the invention:Super function seed broadcaster is developed, far surmounts similar technique advanced in the world, solution is existing to broadcast sowing class machinery All technical barrier.
1. working environment occasion adaptability:In the case of the machinery operation gait of march gap is larger, coverage is broadcasted sowing Can arbitrarily convert at any time with amplitude, unilateral edge is limited or bilateral is limited, will not by spreading spread to it is limited out-of-bounds, this technology side There are many gear speed change devices in case power taking drive mechanism, disk rotating speed is spread in adjustment as needed, recycle guide and arbitrarily convert and spread Direction technology is broadcast, adjustment is spread disk and dispenses inclination angle before and after tooth, changes the technological means such as card concave and convex direction, the wide field of adaptation, Grassland, also is adapted for narrow limited path, and one way broadcasts sowing amplitude 1-40 rice, then equipped mechanical charger, make operation more easily, Efficiency doubles, and really becomes Multi-functional general-service machine.
2. spreading overall control precision:In the case where machine travel speed situation of change is broadcasted sowing, can ensure in unit area and spread Material total amount is precisely consistent, the seed broadcaster technical scheme power resources, with supporting motor supply shop's walking system or the tight phase of itself thrust wheel Even, it is directly proportional to gait of march to disk withdrawal rate is spread, discharge gate is provided with withdrawal rate regulation device, and this seed broadcaster using by force Discharge technology, degeneration-resistant extremely well-adapted, can ensure will aspire for stability discharge by the amount of spreading, spreading total amount ± < 3% in unit area.
3. the degeneration-resistant adaptability of pair spreading:This super seed broadcaster is adapted to using discharge technology by force, lump, containing it is miscellaneous it is viscous it is wet, The particularly poor spreading of powdery mobility, the small amount of spreading is not blocked up, the super large amount of spreading is had a surplus, and also adapts to the particularly preferred spreading of mobility. Hopper bottom is provided with spiral propeller, and its helical blade is that interrupted structure is lumpd beneficial to broken spreading, and the spiral propeller collection spreads Material is conveyed, crushed, eliminating hole and stir as one.The unique discharge gate of each disk is to disk marker method is spread:Rotating vane wheel is strong Row discharge technology, each blade direction of rotation of the blade wheel is anterior to tilt opening, and its rear portion, should into inclined-plane sedimentation such as fan blade Impeller blade outer rim is difficult to wind debris preferably with hypsokinesis structure, and the wheel is placed in discharge gate at pan feeding, spreading is oppressed by force and is led to Cross discharge gate, its rotating speed is directly proportional to withdrawal rate, this blade wheel with spread that disk is coaxial, same to rotating speed, the wheel can simultaneously crush spreading caking, Spreading caking is crushed by spiral propeller, and after discharge blade wheel is crushed again, luming, spreading is up to standard to shed, and adapts to various complexity Inorganic spreading, be also adapted to be supported containing miscellaneous feces of livestock and poultry and mushroom and plant the organic spreading of waste material class.Automatic resistive portion is provided with discharge gate Part, prevents the particularly preferred spreading gravity flow of mobility, the automatic choked flow part from oppressing appropriate opening by force by spreading, after decompression automatically Closing discharge gate.
4. the uniformity is broadcasted sowing:Discharge gate seat bottom is provided with spreading guiding parts, and the seat is being spread directly over disk center, discharge gate Seat is circular configuration, and elbow-shaped guiding parts is fixedly mounted on discharge gate seat bottom, and spreading is oriented to the non-central discharge for spreading disk Technology, makes each disk spreading outwards shed into approximate right angle, and spreading is only covered in the range of any region, it is to avoid coverage is too weighed Folded guarantee is shed uniform.
The guiding parts can arbitrarily rotate in discharge gate seat bottom, can spread each disk to disk unspecified angle position discharge is spread Broadcasting direction can arbitrarily change at any time, and spreading is shed to specified coverage, spread disk by combination and implement to shed, and each disk is shed necessarily Region, ensures that spreading is uniform in coverage, spreading will not be spread to being limited out-of-bounds, so as to implement Lateral Ejection operation, has The spreading uniformity ± < 3% in effect coverage.
Description of the drawings:Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the ultimate principle figure of super seed broadcaster, and wherein control section, connecting portion grades, because Model structure difference has differences, so being not included in accompanying drawing.Wherein Fig. 1 is Figure of abstract.
Identifier declaration in figure:1- frames.2- power takeoff axles.3- transfer gear box.4- spreading guiding parts.5- spread disk, Blade wheel shaft.6- discharge gate seats.7- spreads disk.8- hoppers.9- withdrawal rate regulation devices.10- spiral propellers.11- blades Wheel.12- discharge gates.
Specific embodiment:The seed broadcaster technology point carrying type or towed model structure, this seed broadcaster technology can with it is wide General power source is supporting, and power resources are closely coupled with its running gear, its carrying type structure can with various power vehicle prestowages, Towed structural dynamic takes from its thrust wheel, and all traction powers can be supporting with it, for be widely popularized popularization, reduce operation into Originally solid foundation is established.
This super seed broadcaster technical scheme, according to spreading containing factors such as caking, viscous wet, mobility, is needed by actual job Partial function and part can be reduced.
Thus the successful implementation of super seed broadcaster technical scheme, solve the whole world it is existing broadcast sowing class machinery shed it is uneven, spread The all technology such as amount control is inaccurate, and power range of fit low to the degeneration-resistant bad adaptability of spreading, the narrow utilization rate of subject range is single A difficult problem, will lead world's seed broadcaster industry great-leap-forward development.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of super seed broadcaster technical scheme, by frame, hopper, discharge system, rotation disk, power taking drive mechanism and control are spread The composition such as part, it is mainly technically characterized by:Different occasions great disparity machine gait of march in the case of, broadcast sowing coverage and Amplitude can be converted arbitrarily at any time, will not be spread spreading to limited and out-of-bounds be adapted to wide field, grassland, also be adapted for narrow limited Path, really become Multi-functional general-service machine, ibid can ensure that spreading total amount is precisely consistent in unit area under environmental condition;This Super seed broadcaster is adapted to using discharge technology by force, is lumpd, is glued the wet, spreading that powdery mobility is particularly poor containing miscellaneous, small to spread Amount is not blocked up, the super large amount of spreading is had a surplus, and also adapts to the particularly preferred spreading of mobility;Its technical characteristic separately includes:This broadcasts sowing function Carrying type or towed structure, can be supporting with extensive power source, spreads disk by combination and implements to shed, and each disk spreading is into approximate right angle Outwards shed, each disk broadcasts sowing direction can arbitrarily be changed at any time, ensure that spreading is uniform in coverage, and Lateral Ejection work can be implemented Industry.
2. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, its technical characteristic is:" in the machine row of different occasions great disparity Under entering speed conditions, broadcasting sowing coverage and amplitude can arbitrarily convert at any time, spreading will not be spread to being limited out-of-bounds, adapt to wide Field, grassland, also be adapted for narrow limited path, really become Multi-functional general-service machine ";The technical program power taking drive mechanism In have many gear speed change devices, adjustment as needed spreads disk rotating speed and direction is shed in change.
3. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, its technical characteristic is:" ibid can ensure single under environmental condition Spreading total amount is precisely consistent in plane product ";The seed broadcaster technical scheme power resources, with supporting motor supply shop's walking system or itself Roller is closely coupled, is directly proportional to gait of march to disk withdrawal rate is spread, and discharge gate is provided with withdrawal rate regulation device.
4. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, its technical characteristic is:" this super seed broadcaster is adopted and arranged by force Material technology, adapts to, and lumps, glues the wet, spreading that powdery mobility is particularly poor containing miscellaneous, and the small amount of spreading is not blocked up, the super large amount of spreading has It is remaining ";Hopper bottom is provided with spiral propeller, and its helical blade is interrupted structure beneficial to broken spreading caking, the spiral propeller Collection spreading conveying, it is broken, eliminate hole and stir as one, the unique discharge gate of each disk is to disk marker method is spread:Rotating vane Discharge technology by force is taken turns, each blade direction of rotation of the blade wheel is anterior to tilt opening, and its rear portion settles into inclined-plane, the impeller blade Outer rim is difficult to wind debris preferably with hypsokinesis structure, and the wheel is placed in discharge gate at pan feeding, spreading is oppressed by force and passes through discharge Mouthful, its rotating speed is directly proportional to withdrawal rate, and the wheel simultaneously can crush spreading caking, and spreading caking is crushed by spiral propeller, discharge leaf Piece wheel is crushed again, adapts to the inorganic spreading of various complexity, is also adapted to organic containing miscellaneous feces of livestock and poultry and the foster plant waste material class of mushroom Spreading.
5. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, its technical characteristic is:Also adapt to that mobility is particularly preferred to spread Material, is provided with automatic choked flow part in discharge gate, prevent the particularly preferred spreading gravity flow of mobility, and the automatic choked flow part is strong by spreading Row compressing appropriateness is opened, self-closed discharge gate after decompression.
6. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, what its technical characteristic separately included is:" this broadcasts sowing function to take Load formula or towed structure, can be supporting with extensive power source ";This seed broadcaster technology dynamicses are originated and the tight phase of its running gear Even, its carrying type structure can take from its thrust wheel with various power vehicle prestowages, towed structural dynamic, and all traction powers are equal Can be supporting with it.
7. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, what its technical characteristic separately included is:" each disk spreading is into approximate Outwards shed at right angle ";Discharge gate bottom is provided with spreading guiding parts, and spreading can be oriented to the non-central discharge technology for spreading disk, makes Spreading only covers about 90 ° of scopes.
8. the super seed broadcaster technical scheme as described in claim 1 and 7, what its technical characteristic separately included is:" each disk broadcasts sowing direction Can arbitrarily change at any time, ensure that spreading is uniform in coverage, and Lateral Ejection operation can be implemented ";The spreading of discharge gate afterbody Guiding parts, can be to the unspecified angle position discharge for spreading disk, i.e., each disk broadcasts sowing direction can arbitrarily be changed at any time, by spreading shed to Specified coverage, will not by spreading spread to it is limited out-of-bounds, so as to implement Lateral Ejection operation.
9. as claimed in claim 1 super seed broadcaster technical scheme, its technical characteristic and separately include be:This super seed broadcaster skill Art scheme, needs that partial function and part can be reduced according to actual job.
CN201710037401.8A 2017-01-19 2017-01-19 Super-energy broadcast sower Pending CN106664922A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107272722A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-10-20 广东容祺智能科技有限公司 A kind of large-size particles fertilizer of unmanned plane broadcasts sowing system
CN108934351A (en) * 2018-05-14 2018-12-07 吉林大学 A kind of Tree Precise Fertilization device based on multiple spot radar

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KR20100034911A (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-02 김완수 Duble hopper spreader of tractor loading
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CN104782296A (en) * 2015-04-02 2015-07-22 江苏大学 Fertilizer distributor
CN205266220U (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-06-01 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Accurate variable fertilizer injection unit in land for growing field crops
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107272722A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-10-20 广东容祺智能科技有限公司 A kind of large-size particles fertilizer of unmanned plane broadcasts sowing system
CN108934351A (en) * 2018-05-14 2018-12-07 吉林大学 A kind of Tree Precise Fertilization device based on multiple spot radar

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