CN106663876A - 喇叭透镜天线 - Google Patents
喇叭透镜天线 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/0283—Apparatus or processes specially provided for manufacturing horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/10—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism comprising three-dimensional array of impedance discontinuities, e.g. holes in conductive surfaces or conductive discs forming artificial dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/08—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for modifying the radiation pattern of a radiating horn in which it is located
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/09—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens wherein the primary active element is coated with or embedded in a dielectric or magnetic material
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Abstract
天线(100、100a‑d)包括接收器(120)、喇叭(110)、透镜(200)和抗反射层(210、210a–e)。喇叭具有设置在接收器上的第一端(112a)和限定与接收器相对定位的孔口(112)的第二端(112b)。透镜设置在喇叭的孔口内且具有第一表面(202)和第二表面(204),第一表面(202)向内面向接收器,第二表面(204)与第一表面相对且向外背离喇叭。抗反射层包括介电材料且设置在透镜的第一表面上。而且,抗反射层限定以50/50材料对空隙比设置的孔(220、220a‑c)且具有天线限定的信号的波长的四分之一的厚度(LD)。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及喇叭透镜天线。
背景技术
喇叭天线,也称为微波喇叭,包括形状类似于喇叭的扩展金属波导,将无线电波定向成波束。喇叭天线具有多种用途,包括小孔口天线以对作为介质增益天线的自身所用的大孔口天线提供反射器。
喇叭天线的性能基于喇叭的形状和尺寸。在设计喇叭天线时,还考虑例如周围空气的温度、湿度、灰尘和杂质上的波动以及其它相关因素。这些因素影响信号的传播。因此,为了实现更好的信号,天线设计为提供高增益。高增益通常意味着天线的尺寸很大。在一些示例中,尺寸要求妨碍根据所需尺寸设计天线以实现所需的增益。在这样的情况下,考虑对设计的其它调整。
发明内容
本公开的一个方面提供一种天线,其包括接收器、喇叭、透镜和抗反射层。喇叭具有设置在接收器上的第一端和限定与接收器相对定位孔口的第二端。透镜设置在喇叭的孔口内且具有第一表面和第二表面,第一表面向内面对接收器,第二表面与第一表面相对且向外背离喇叭。抗反射层包括介电材料且设置在透镜的第一表面上。而且,抗反射层限定以50/50材料对空隙比设置的孔且具有由天线接收信号波长的四分之一的厚度。
本公开的另一个方面提供一种制造喇叭天线的方法,该方法包括:形成透镜,透镜具有第一表面和与第一表面相对的第二表面;形成具有介电材料的抗反射层;在透镜的第一表面上设置抗反射层;以及将透镜定位在由喇叭限定的孔口内。抗反射层限定以50/50材料对空隙比设置的孔且具有由天线接收的信号波长四分之一的厚度。喇叭具有第一端和第二端,其中第一端接收接收器,并且第二端限定孔口。透镜设置为使透镜的第一表面面对接收器。
本公开的实施方案可包括一个或多个下述特征。在一些实施方案中,喇叭限定截头圆锥体的形状、棱锥体的形状、h-平面扇形的形状或E-状扇形形状。抗反射层可与透镜为整体。在这样的情况下,透镜在其面对接收器的第一表面中限定孔,其中孔的深度为等于抗反射层的厚度。而且,孔的直径可小于或等于由天线接收的信号波长的十分之一。在一些示例中,透镜和抗反射层为交联聚苯乙烯微波塑料或聚四氟乙烯。其它的材料也是可能的。喇叭的第二端可限定配置为接收透镜的凹槽。喇叭可限定具有约45度展开角的截头圆锥体的形状。
在一些示例中,抗反射层的孔具有圆形横截面形状、方形横截面形状、菱形横截面形状、椭圆横截面形状或矩形横截面形状的一个或多个。孔可设置成二维阵列。
本公开的一个或多个实施方案的细节阐述在下面的附图和描述中。其它的方面、特征和优点从描述和附图以及从权利要求变得明显易懂。
附图说明
图1A是示范性喇叭天线的示意图。
图1B是图1A的示范性喇叭天线的截面图。
图1C和1D是图1A的示范性喇叭天线的示意图。
图1E是示范性棱锥形喇叭天线的示意图。
图1F是示范性H-平面喇叭天线的示意图。
图1G是示范性E-平面喇叭天线的示意图。
图2A、2B和2C是设置在透镜上的示范性抗反射层的侧视图。
图2D和2E是示范性抗反射层的俯视图。
图3是示范性透镜喇叭天线的上行链路性能的示意图。
图4是示范性透镜喇叭天线的下行链路性能的示意图。
图5是制造喇叭天线的方法的示范性操作方案的示意图。
不同附图中的类似的附图标记表示类似的部件。
具体实施方式
喇叭天线从管子到空间逐渐过渡波,以允许管子的阻抗匹配自由空间的阻抗。参见图1A-1G,在一些实施方案中,喇叭天线100(例如,宽带喇叭天线)包括喇叭110、接收器120、透镜200和设置在透镜200上的抗反射层210。在图1A-1D所示的喇叭天线100a的示例中,喇叭110限定截头圆锥体的形状(即,具有圆锥截头的形状)或者旋转的表面(即在曲线围绕轴线旋转时形成的表面),具有沿着中心轴111的轴向长度L以及具有展开角θ和宽度W的孔口112。圆锥喇叭天线100a具有圆形横截面且与圆柱波导一起使用。其它类型的喇叭110也是可能的,例如棱锥喇叭100b(图1D)、H-平面扇形喇叭100c(图1E)、E-平面扇形喇叭100d(图1F)等。
喇叭110可以以不变的展开角θ或按指数规律地向外展开。棱锥喇叭100b限定具有矩形横截面的四侧棱锥(侧面S1、S2、S3、S4),其中平行侧面S1和S3的长度大于其它平行侧面S2和S4。棱锥喇叭100b的所有侧面都是向外展开的。棱锥喇叭100b用于矩形波导并线性地辐射偏振的无线电波。扇形喇叭100c、100d(包括H-平面扇形喇叭100c和E-平面扇形喇叭100d)具有棱锥喇叭形状,具有四个侧面S1-S4;然而,仅一对侧面向外展开,而其它侧面是平行的。扇形喇叭100c、100d通常用作馈送喇叭用于宽搜索雷达天线。如图1F所示,H-平面扇形喇叭100c具有平行侧面S1和S3以及向外展开的侧面S2和S4。如图1G所示,E-平面扇形喇叭100c具有向外展开的侧面S1和S3以及平行侧面S2和S4。因此,H-平面喇叭100c和E-平面喇叭100d之间的差别在于,H-平面喇叭100c具有在波导的磁场或者H-场H的方向上的成对相对向外展开侧面S2、S4;而E-平面喇叭100d具有在波导的电场或E场E的方向上成对的相对展开侧面S1、S3。
反过来参见图1A-1G,在一些示例中,喇叭天线100可包括脊或鳍(未示出),设置在喇叭110的内表面110a上。脊或鳍可从喇叭110的第一端112a到第二端112b延伸通过内表面110a。鳍通过降低其截止频率而增加喇叭天线100的带宽。
在一些示例中,喇叭100的内表面110a限定窄槽或凹槽(未示出),该窄槽或凹槽设置为遍及喇叭100的内表面110a且垂直于中心轴111。这样的波纹喇叭天线100主要用作馈电喇叭,用于卫星天线和射电望远镜。
参见图1B和1D,距离D从从喇叭100的突出侧面的交汇点P延伸到孔口112。如所示,附加距离Δ是喇叭110的侧面上与到孔口112的中心的距离相比的额外距离。额外距离可决定如下:
其中a等于喇叭110的宽度W的一半(a=W/2)。
在一些示例中,喇叭110的第二端112b可限定凹槽114,其配置为接收透镜200。凹槽114可垂直于中心轴111且遍及喇叭110的内表面110a延伸。透镜200可释放地从凹槽114去除。在其它示例中,粘合剂施加到透镜200的边缘(或内表面110a),允许透镜200粘合到喇叭110的第二端112b的内表面110a。固定透镜200在喇叭110内的其它方法也是可用的。
喇叭天线100通过在一个方向上加强信号功率且在另一个方向上减小功率而聚焦或者会聚功率。例如,喇叭天线100加强在前进方向F上从喇叭天线100的孔口112离开的信号功率而弱化在向后方向R上由喇叭天线100的孔口112接收的信号。
喇叭天线100的尺寸直接影响喇叭天线100的增益G。喇叭天线增益或功率增益G是在向前方向F或向后方向B上引导或聚焦射频能量的天线能力的相对值。增益G以相对于各向同性发射体(dBi)的分贝或者相对于偶极子发射体的分贝测得。各向同性发射体是在所有方向上发射相等能量(相等功率)的基准点P(apax)。
在配置宽带喇叭天线100以配合在所希望的体积内时,所选择的喇叭110的轴向长度L可能影响孔口112的孔口效率。例如,通过增加展开角θ缩短喇叭110的轴向长度L对喇叭孔口112引起相位误差(例如,球形波传播),这影响了增益G。展开角θ增加到45度可将喇叭110的轴向长度减小到最小实际长度D/2(例如,87.5mm),这增加了相位误差。相位误差因喇叭110的倾斜长度D和轴向长度L之差而发生。喇叭孔口112处的相位误差直接转化为降低孔口效率,降低了喇叭天线100的增益G。
为了减轻和/或补偿相位误差,喇叭天线100包括在喇叭孔口112处的透镜200(例如,由介电材料制造),其中透镜200补偿且均衡孔口112上的相位分布。透镜200补偿和/或均衡孔口112上的相位分布。换言之,透镜200纠正了相位偏差,该相位偏差可能发生在减小喇叭110的轴向长度L试图在孔口上实现不变的相位分布用于更短的喇叭长度L时。喇叭110的展开角θ越大,可能需要越大的纠正,至最大的展开角θ(例如,45度展开)。而且,介电透镜200由于介电材料引起信号波朝着介电透镜200的进入平面传播以在其传播上具有不连续性。该不连续性是由于信号波的一些部分反射回来且信号波的一些部分透射通过介电透镜200,导致反射损耗和削弱孔口效率。透镜200可具有在喇叭110的中心线111处且沿着喇叭110的中心线111测量的最大厚度T。透镜200的厚度可调谐以实现天线100的一定的下行链路和上行链路性能。
参见图2A-2D,为了消除信号反射,喇叭天线100包括抗反射层210、210a–e,该抗反射层设置在介电透镜200上或与其相邻。透镜200具有第一表面202和第二表面204。在透镜200设置在喇叭100的孔口112内时,第一表面202向内面向接收器120。第二表面204与第一表面202相对且向外远离喇叭110。抗反射层210可由介电材料制造且设置在透镜200的第一表面202上。抗反射层210可为透镜200的部分或者与透镜200为整体,即,与透镜200相同的相邻材料。通过在透镜200面对接收器130的第一表面202上设置抗反射层210,抗反射层210减少或消除了因使用透镜200而发生的相位误差。
抗反射层210限定多个孔220。孔220可包围透镜200的表面的约50%(体积)。在一些示例中,孔220为相同的尺寸和形状(如图2A–2E所示)。而在其它示例中,孔220具有不同的尺寸和/或不同的形状而保持50%的物质。孔220可限定方形、矩形、多边形、圆形或椭圆形的横截面形状。其它的形状也是可能的。孔220设置为通过在孔口112上平衡相位分布而减轻和补偿相位误差。在一些示例中,孔220可具有不同的横截面形状而保持50%的比率。孔220可以随机或按顺序的方式设置。孔220用于克服由透镜200引起的反射。另外,孔220允许喇叭110接收或输出大部分信号,即信号不被透镜200反射,而是它们被吸收(在向前方向F或向后方向B上)。
抗反射层210限定孔220相对凹槽或其它细长压痕或空隙以提供材料对空隙比(例如,50/50)的相对均匀的分配。凹槽或细长空隙(例如,长度为宽度至少3倍或更多倍的窄槽)导致很大的性能降低,这是由于缺乏材料对空隙比的相对均匀分配。如下面所讨论,孔22的使用,如这里所描述,改善下行链路性能90%或者至92%以及上行链路性能80%或者至90%,并且因此不是仅仅的设计选择。
如图2A–2C所示,每个孔220具有横截面面积A和深度LD。每个孔220在抗反射层210内的横截面面积A可相等。然而,在一些示例中,至少一些孔220在抗反射层210内的横截面面积A可变化。例如,第一孔220的横截面面积A可不等于第二孔220的横截面面积A。在一些示例中,在抗反射层210内的一个孔220的横截面面积A与另一个孔220的横截面面积A不同时,每个孔220的深度LD也可变化。在一些示例中,深度LD可在相同抗反射层内的孔220之间不同,尽管横截面面积A是相等的。
图2A–2C示出了设置在透镜200的第一表面202(面对接收器120的表面)上的抗反射层210的不同横截面图。参见图2A,抗反射层210a包括多个圆形孔220a。每个孔220a具有限定第一孔曲率Ca的U状横截面。类似地,图2B示出了抗反射层210b,其包括也具有U状横截面的多个孔220b。在该示例中,抗反射层210b限定了第二孔曲率Cb。图2B的抗反射层210a的第一孔曲率Ca小于图2B的抗反射层210b的第二孔曲率Cb。因此,可采用不同的孔曲率C。参见图2C,抗反射层210c包括具有三角形横截面形状(例如,圆锥、棱锥或其它形状)的孔220c。而且,抗反射层210可设计为通过控制孔220的横截面面积A(例如,直径)和深度LD(或厚度)而适合各种频率。
抗反射层210可为四分之一波阻抗变压器。四分之一波阻抗变压器(λ/4)是波导部件,是波长长度的四分之一,并且在已知的阻抗上终止。抗反射层210的介电常数(即相对介电常数)εT可为反射点之前的介质(即喇叭110内侧的透镜200前面的材料)和穿过反射点的介质(即透镜200的材料)的几何平均。在此情况下:
其中εT是抗反射层210的介电常数,εγ(Air)是喇叭110内空气的介电常数(即相对介电常数),并且εγ(Dialectric Material)是透镜200的介电材料的介电常数(即相对介电常数)。空气的介电常数εγ(Air)在决定抗反射层210的介电常数εT时考虑,因为抗反射层210的孔220设置为50/50材料对空隙(即空气)比(体积)。
抗反射层210的厚度LD[mm]可采用下面的方程决定:
这是四分之一波的物质。在抗反射层210与透镜200形成为整体(例如,通过模塑)时,孔220的深度为透镜200的第一表面202中的抗反射层210的厚度LD。而且,孔220的直径DH(图2A-2C)可小于或等于0.1λ,同时设置为具有50/50材料对空气比(体积)。
在一些示例中,透镜200限定孔220的二维阵列或栅格,孔220具有基本上方形横截面形状或者基本上圆形横截面形状(如图2A和2B所示)。图2A示出了对角线栅格,而图2B示出了平行栅格。其它的图案也是可能的,例如螺旋设置方案、随机方案以及其它方案。
抗反射层210内的孔220提供低成本的喇叭天线100,具有用于上行链路和下行链路的改进效率。例如,透镜200与抗反射层210的附加允许喇叭110的轴向长度L更短。
参见图3和4,喇叭天线100改善了下行链路性能90%或至92%(图3)以及上行链路性能80%或至90%(图4)。例如,轴向长度L等于162mm且抗反射层210的介电常数εT等于2.2的喇叭110具有增益G,该增益G对于11.7GHz的下行链路频率等于26.16dBi,这是90%效率(图3)。对于14.25GHz的上行链路频率,上行链路增益G等于27.36dBi,这是80%效率(图4)。在另一个示例中,喇叭110可具有等于360mm的轴向长度L,并且T=20mm(其中T是透镜200沿着喇叭110的中心轴111的最大厚度(图1A)),抗反射层210的介电常数εT等于2.2,并且对于11.7GHz下行链路频率的增益G等于26.16dBi,这是92%效率(图3)。对于14.25GHz的上传频率上行链路增益G等于27.36dBi,这是90%效率(图4)。因此,增加喇叭110的轴向长度L提高了喇叭天线100的上行链路和下行链路二者的效率。
在一些示例中,透镜200为交联聚苯乙烯微波塑料。透镜200可保持2.53的介电常数,以很低的耗散系数通过500GHz。在一些示例中,透镜200可包括聚四氟乙烯(PTFE),是四氟乙烯的合成含氟聚合物。PTFE是由碳和氟制成的具有高分子量化合物的碳氟化合物固体。PTFE对任何固体具有很低的摩擦系数,并且是疏水的(即排斥水)。
参见图5,在一些实施方案中,制造喇叭天线100的方法500包括方块502,形成透镜200,透镜200具有第一表面202和与第一表面202相对的第二表面204。在方块504,方法500包括形成具有介电材料的抗反射层210。在方块506,方法500包括在透镜200的第一表面202上设置抗反射层210。另外,在方块508,方法500包括将透镜200定位在由喇叭110限定的孔口112内。抗反射层210限定以50/50材料对空隙比设置的孔220且具有由喇叭天线100接收信号波长的四分之一的厚度LD。喇叭110具有第一和第二端112a、112b,其中第一端112a接收接收器120,并且第二端112b限定孔口112。透镜200定位成使透镜200的第一表面202面对接收器120。在一些示例中,透镜200的第二表面204限定孔、凹槽或压痕等。
已经描述了很多的实施方案。然而,应理解在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下可进行各种修改。因此,其它的实施方案在所附权利要求的范围内。
Claims (18)
1.一种天线(100、100a-d),包括:
接收器(120);
喇叭(110),该喇叭具有设置在该接收器(120)上的第一端(112a)和限定与该接收器(120)相对定位的孔口(112)的第二端(112b);以及
透镜(200),该透镜设置在该喇叭(110)的该孔口(112)内,该透镜(200)具有第一表面(202)和第二表面(204),该第一表面(202)向内面向该接收器(120),该第二表面(204)与该第一表面(202)相对且向外背离该喇叭(110);
抗反射层(210、210a-e),该抗反射层包括介电材料且设置在该透镜(200)的该第一表面(202)上,该抗反射层(210、210a-e)限定以50/50材料对空隙比设置的孔(220、220a–c)且具有由该天线接收信号的波长的四分之一的厚度(LD)。
2.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该喇叭(110)限定截头圆锥体的形状、棱锥体的形状、h-平面扇形的形状或E-状扇形形状。
3.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该抗反射层(210、210a-e)与该透镜(200)为整体。
4.如权利要求3所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该透镜(200)和该抗反射层(210、210a–e)包括交联聚苯乙烯微波塑料或聚四氟乙烯。
5.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该孔(220、220a–c)的直径(DH)小于或等于由该天线(100、100a–d)接收的该信号波长的十分之一。
6.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该抗反射层(210、210a-e)的介电常数εT限定如下:
其中εγ(Air)是空气的介电常数,并且εγ(Dialectric Material)是该抗反射层(210、210a–e)的介电材料的介电常数。
7.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该抗反射层(210、210a–e)的该孔(220、220a–c)具有圆形横截面形状、方形横截面形状、菱形横截面形状、椭圆横截面形状或矩形横截面形状的一个或多个。
8.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该孔(220、220a–c)设置成二维阵列。
9.如权利要求1所述的天线(100、100a–d),其中该喇叭(110)限定具有约45度展开角的截头圆锥体的形状。
10.一种制造喇叭天线(100、100a–d)的方法(500),该方法(500)包括:
形成透镜(200),该透镜(200)具有第一表面(202)和与该第一表面(202)相对的第二表面(204);
形成包括介电材料的抗反射层(210、210a–e),限定以50/50材料对空隙比设置的孔(220、220a–c),并且具有该天线(100、100a–d)接收信号的波长的四分之一的厚度(LD);
在该透镜(200)的该第一表面(202)上设置该抗反射层(210、210a–e);以及
将该透镜(200)定位在由喇叭(110)限定的孔口(112)内,该喇叭(110)具有第一和第二端(112a、112b),该第一端(112a)接收接收器(120),并且该第二端(112b)限定该孔口(112),该透镜(200)设置为使该透镜(200)的该第一表面(202)面对该接收器(120)。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该喇叭(110)限定截头圆锥体的形状、棱锥体的形状、h-平面扇形的形状或E-状扇形形状。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该抗反射层(210、210a–e)与该透镜(200)为整体。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该透镜(200)和该抗反射层(210、210a–-e)包括交联聚苯乙烯微波塑料或聚四氟乙烯。
14.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该孔(220、220a–c)的直径(DH)小于或等于由该天线接收的信号波长的十分之一。
15.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该抗反射层(210、210a–e)的介电常数εT限定如下:
其中εγ(Air)是空气的介电常数,并且εγ(Dialectric Material)是该抗反射层(210、210a–e)的介电材料的介电常数。
16.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该抗反射层(210、210a–e)的孔(220、220a–c)具有圆形横截面形状、方形横截面形状、菱形横截面形状、椭圆横截面形状或矩形横截面形状的一个或多个。
17.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该孔(220、220a–c)设置成二维阵列。
18.如权利要求10所述的方法(500),其中该喇叭(110)限定具有约45度展开角的截头圆锥体的形状。
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US9722316B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
EP3167510B1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
EP3167510A1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
WO2016007225A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
EP3167510A4 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
US20160006129A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
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