CN106660604A - 塑料电动自行车框架制造方法及相应制造的电动自行车框架 - Google Patents

塑料电动自行车框架制造方法及相应制造的电动自行车框架 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106660604A
CN106660604A CN201580041310.0A CN201580041310A CN106660604A CN 106660604 A CN106660604 A CN 106660604A CN 201580041310 A CN201580041310 A CN 201580041310A CN 106660604 A CN106660604 A CN 106660604A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
case half
electrical salf
walking frame
polyamide composition
semiaromatic polyamide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201580041310.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN106660604B (zh
Inventor
A·厄尔施勒格尔
M·桑塔格
D·何施
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rehau Automotive SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rehau AG and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rehau AG and Co filed Critical Rehau AG and Co
Publication of CN106660604A publication Critical patent/CN106660604A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106660604B publication Critical patent/CN106660604B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K19/00—Cycle frames
    • B62K19/02—Cycle frames characterised by material or cross-section of frame members
    • B62K19/16—Cycle frames characterised by material or cross-section of frame members the material being wholly or mainly of plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B29C65/1638—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding focusing the laser beam on the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1667—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12443—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue substantially in the middle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12449—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12469—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72143—Fibres of discontinuous lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/55—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1609—Visible light radiation, e.g. by visible light lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7855—Provisory fixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/547—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles, e.g. endless tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7336—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73365—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2077/10—Aromatic polyamides [polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • B29K2105/0032—Pigments, colouring agents or opacifiyng agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2277/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as reinforcement
    • B29K2277/10—Aromatic polyamides [Polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
    • B29K2307/04—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2507/00—Use of elements other than metals as filler
    • B29K2507/04—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3091—Bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3481—Housings or casings incorporating or embedding electric or electronic elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于由塑料制造电动自行车框架的方法，其中通过两个相应的塑料壳体半部(2、3)的优选材料结合的接合来制造电动自行车框架，其中该电动自行车框架(1)具有用于车把(4)、用于脚踏板支承部(5)和优选用于驾驶员车座(6)的容纳部(12，13，14)，并且其中两个塑料壳体半部(2，3)借助注射成型工艺由纤维增强的热塑性塑料制造，该热塑性塑料含有半芳香族聚酰胺。本发明的主题还涉及一种借助该方法制造的电动自行车框架(1)。

Description

塑料电动自行车框架制造方法及相应制造的电动自行车框架
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造电动自行车框架(Pedelec-Rahmen)的方法，其中两个塑料壳体半部接合在一起并且优选材料结合地相互连接。电动自行车与普通自行车的区别在于具有附加的电马达、用于马达驱动的电池元件以及通常用于马达的控制电子器件。在实际中，电动自行车框架通常由铝制造。
背景技术
与普通自行车相比，电动自行车的特点在于，其必须附加装配有电马达和至少一个电池元件。为了支持电动自行车驱动，电马达可以由驾驶员接通。此外，电动自行车通常包含控制电子器件，该控制电子器件测量所使用的力或速度并且在达到确定的值时操作或关断马达。电动自行车的附加元件导致，必须制造具有相对大直径的框架管，从而将供电元件支承在其中。所述供电元件也部分地固定在框架外部上，然而这在美学上是非常不吸引人的。
此外，电动自行车框架由于附加元件比普通自行车框架明显更重。存在以下方案：电动自行车框架由两个壳体半部制造，在所述两个壳体半部中设置供电元件。这尤其在文献DE 10 2011 053 100 A1和DE 20 2013 002 987 U1中公开。由后一文献已知一种电动自行车框架，该电动自行车框架由两个壳体半部制造。然而，在通常使用的塑料中经常缺乏必要的材料负荷能力，该材料负荷能力恰好在电动自行车中由于驱动元件的附加重量是必须的。
发明内容
本发明所基于的任务是，提供一种用于由塑料制造电动自行车框架的方法，所述方法保证电动自行车框架的高的承载负荷能力并且能够容易地自动化。
根据本发明，所述任务通过用于由塑料制造电动自行车框架的方法解决，
-其中，该电动自行车框架通过两个相应塑料壳体半部的接合来制造，
-其中，该电动自行车框架具有用于车把(Lenker，转向装置)、用于脚踏板支承部(Tretlager)和优选用于驾驶员车座的容纳部，并且
-其中，所述两个塑料壳体半部借助注射成型工艺由纤维增强的热塑性塑料制造，该热塑性塑料包含半芳香族聚酰胺(teilaromatisches Polyamid)。
壳体半部在此优选基本上彼此镜像地成型。通过它们的接合在壳体半部之间形成内部空腔，该内部空腔能够用于容纳至少一个电动自行车部件。由空腔容纳的电动自行车部件例如可以是电动自行车的能量存储器、优选电池和/或电马达。有利地，通过塑料壳体半部的接合对于在内部空腔中的能量存储器和/或电马达和/或脚踏板支承部分别实现限定的定位。除用于车把、脚踏板支承部和可能的驾驶员车座的容纳部之外，电动自行车框架可以具有整合在壳体半部中的、用于支承后轮的后部结构。对此替代地，但也可行的是，为了支承后轮在电动自行车框架上固定单独的后部结构。该后部结构可以设置有弹簧装置(Federung)。壳体半部的内侧有利地包含用于能量存储器、优选电池以及用于电马达的定位元件。所述定位元件有利地一体成型地模制在两个壳体半部的其中一个上或者也可以一体成型地模制在两个壳体半部上。在电动自行车框架的容纳部中可以设置有用于车把、脚踏板支承部或驾驶员车座的相应的容纳套管，以便分别实现无缝、稳定的容纳装置。
根据本发明的方法具有以下优点：该方法由于使用半芳香族聚酰胺能够实现轻质的且高品质的电动自行车框架的制造，该电动自行车框架具有特别高的刚性并且此外在温度负荷方面具有高的稳定性。根据本发明所使用的材料具有好的焊接能力，从而必要时可以放弃已知的粘合方法并且因此取消粘合剂的耗时的硬化。当然，借助粘合剂将塑料壳体半部接合在一起，也在本发明的范围内。根据本发明的方法能够实现，由塑料制造整个电动自行车框架并且因此摒弃由金属构成的重的部件。
所使用的材料的另一优点是，由于其显著的流动能力，所以能够优选在相应壳体半部的内侧上在注射成型工艺期间将肋和/或连接元件和/或功能元件注射到壳体半部上。它们可以用作其他电动自行车组件、如车叉子、脚踏板支承部、驾驶员车座或车把的容纳部。
根据本发明，所述两个壳体半部由纤维增强的热塑性塑料制造，该热塑性塑料包含半芳香族聚酰胺。半芳香族聚酰胺与传统的聚酰胺相比具有改善的热特性和非常好的尺寸稳定性。根据本发明的半芳香族聚酰胺有利地选自包含脂肪族二羰基重复单元(aliphatische Dicarbonyl-Wiederholeinheiten)和芳香族二胺基重复单元(aromatische Diamino-Wiederholeinheiten)的半芳香族聚酰胺，或者选自包含芳香族二羰基重复单元和脂肪族二胺基重复单元的半芳香族聚酰胺，或者选自前述物质的混合物。优选地，该半芳香族聚酰胺包含间苯二甲胺重复单元(meta-Xylylendiamin-Wiederholeinheiten)和1，6-己二酮基重复单元(1.6-Hexandionyl-Wiederholeinheiten)。所述组分的组合由于借此可获得的高刚性、低吸水性以及针对潮湿和热的高稳定性所以特别适合。
为了进一步优化材料特性，除半芳香族聚酰胺之外也可以将脂肪族的聚酰胺混合到纤维增强的热塑性塑料中。这也具有成本节省的后果。根据本发明，半芳香族聚酰胺相对于不含纤维增强物的总的塑料质量的重量份额为至少50％、优选至少70％。纤维增强物在塑料中的重量份额为15-70％、优选为40-60％。令人惊讶地，这种高填充的并且因此可高负荷承载的塑料例如非常好地适于激光焊接。在低于15％的纤维的重量份额的情况下，半芳香族聚酰胺具有过低的强度。在高于70％的重量份额的情况下，材料具有降低的可模制性。此外，具有这种纤维体积的聚酰胺对于在电动自行车框架中的使用而言过于刚性且过脆。
碳纤维、芳纶纤维或玻璃纤维适于纤维增强。优选地，仅仅使用玻璃纤维。所述玻璃纤维与碳纤维或芳纶纤维相比明显地更成本有利并且尽管如此在具有非常高的热稳定性和化学稳定性的同时还具有好的加固性。
特别地，具有小于15mm、优选小于10mm、例如小于5mm的平均长度的短纤维是适合的。小于3mm、例如小于2mm或小于1mm的更短的平均纤维长度同样适合。短纤维能够以精细分布在塑料基质中的方式在注射成型工艺中没有问题地加工。注射成型能够实现极高的成型多样性并且也特别适于将前述用于定位电马达和能量存储器的定位元件通过注射模具的相应形状设计而以最简单的方式模制在壳体半部上。短的纤维此外比长纤维显著更成本有利。
有利地，如此实现壳体半部在其接合边缘的几何形状，使得一个壳体半部的接合边缘具有凹槽而另一壳体半部的接合边缘具有可接合入该凹槽中的榫舌。凹槽和榫舌优选如此尺寸化，使得在壳体半部的接合时产生夹紧连接。为此，或者榫舌具有轻微的尺寸过量或者凹槽具有轻微的尺寸不足。由此，在焊接工艺之前首先将两个壳体半部相互相对地预先固定。这能够实现在例如不可逆的材料结合的接合过程(粘合、焊接等)之前壳体半部的正确接合的控制。在需要时，该凹槽/榫舌连接还可以在建立材料结合的连接之前松开一次。特别地通过这种方式能够实现，在例如实施焊接过程或粘合剂硬化之前，控制电马达和能量存储器在由两个壳体半部形成的空腔中的正确定位。
随后，将相互接合的壳体半部优选材料结合地相互连接。为此，该壳体半部例如在边缘侧、优选环绕地借助激光射束焊接成电动自行车框架。为了生成激光射束，优选使用具有波长500nm至1100nm的二极管激光器、例如具有1064的波长的固体二极管激光器。激光透射性地构造的接合相对件由激光辐射并且能量由吸收激光的第二接合相对件在其表面上吸收。塑料在该表面上熔化，从而由此可以将两个接合相对件材料结合地相互连接。为此需要，壳体半部中的一个在激光波长的范围中具有高的透射度，而另一壳体半部在该波长中具有高的吸收度。激光吸收例如可以通过将吸收激光的颜料、优选炭黑添加到一个壳体半部的塑料中实现。有利地，其接合边缘构成凹槽的壳体半部是激光透射的并且其接合边缘构成榫舌的壳体半部是吸收激光的。
在另一实施方案中，使用具有波长1300-2200nm、优选1400nm-2000nm的二极管激光器。在该波长范围中，塑料的大分子可以直接通过激光射束被激发并且塑料因此达到所需要的焊接温度。因此在该波长中不再需要塑料的着色。优选地，激光器具有含铥和/或铒的二极管发射极。在该焊接方法中，熔化域通过激光射束到期望区域中的聚焦来确定。
与所使用的激光方法无关地，两个壳体半部中的至少一个可以由对人眼透视的塑料制造，使得在焊接工艺之后能够实现焊缝的光学检查。优选地，该壳体半部是构成凹槽的壳体半部。
为了在美学上吸引人地设计电动自行车框架，通常实施接合成电动自行车框架的壳体半部的不透明涂层。由此，也消除了两个壳体半部的可能不同的光学外观，所述两个壳体半部的不同光学外观尤其在激光透射工艺中由两个壳体半部的前述不同着色引起。如前所述，两个壳体半部基本上也可以借助另外的接合方法相互连接，例如借助传统的粘合方法。
在塑料壳体半部的接合之前，可以内侧地将凹部铣削到塑料壳体半部中，这些凹部用于保持电动自行车部件、尤其电马达和/或电池元件和/或脚踏板支承部。借助该后处理步骤，几何形状可以非常灵活地匹配具体需求。因此，例如可以借此实现咬边(Hinterschneidunge)，该咬边借助注射成型工艺不能单独制造或者仅仅以大的耗费(附加的滑动部等)制造。已经发现，在本发明的范畴内，所使用的半芳香族聚酰胺不仅适于注射成型工艺而且非常适于铣削加工。
本发明的主题也是一种根据前述方法中的任一种制造的电动自行车框架。
附图说明
以下参照附图仅详细说明本发明的实施例。附图示意性示出：
图1以三维视图示出根据本发明制造的电动自行车框架；
图2示出在接合工艺期间图1的横剖面A-A；
图3以相应于图2的视图示出本发明的另一实施方式；
图4以三维视图示出图2的放大的区段；以及
图5以三维视图示出图3的放大的区段。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明的电动自行车框架1，其中该电动自行车框架通过将两个相应的塑料壳体半部2、3接合在一起的方式制造。电动自行车框架1具有用于车把4的容纳部12、用于脚踏板支承部5的容纳部13和用于驾驶员车座6的容纳部14。车把4、脚踏板支承部5和驾驶员车座5仅仅在图1中示出。在电动自行车框架上固定有虚线示出的、可弹性构造的后部结构60，该后部结构用于容纳电动自行车的(未示出的)后轮。两个壳体半部2、3由纤维增强的热塑性塑料组成，所述热塑性塑料含有半芳香族聚酰胺。通过两个壳体半部2、3的接合在一起构成内部空腔7，该内部空腔容纳电动自行车的电池30、电马达40以及脚踏板支承部5。通过塑料壳体半部2、3的接合，还使在内部空腔7中的电池30、电马达40和脚踏板支承部5分别定位在限定的位置处。借助注射成型工艺制造的塑料壳体半部2、3为此具有在其上一体成型的定位元件50，该定位元件使电马达40、电池30和脚踏板支承部5分别保持在期望的位置处。
壳体半部的半芳香族聚酰胺在该示意性实施例中由间苯二甲胺6组成，所述间苯二甲胺6由间苯二甲胺和己二酸形成。该材料的结构式如下：或
[-CO-(CH2)4-CO-NH-CH2-(C6H4)-CH2-NH-]n。
在壳体半部2、3上，在注射成型工艺期间，在相应的内侧上还注射成型肋和/或连接元件和/或功能元件。它们例如用作其他电动自行车部件的容纳部、例如车叉子、脚踏板支承部、驾驶员车座或车把的容纳部。半芳香族聚酰胺相对于无纤维增强物的塑料的总质量的重量份额在该示例性实施例中为90％。热塑性塑料的纤维增强物由精细地分布在所述聚酰胺的塑料基质中的纯玻璃纤维组成。平均的纤维长度小于1mm。纤维在纤维增强的热塑性塑料中的重量份额在该示例性实施例中为50％。在接合之后，所述两个壳体半部2、3材料结合地相互连接并且随后涂覆有不透明的涂层。
在图2中所示的横截视图示出在图1中穿过塑料壳体半部2、3的剖面A-A。对于借助激光器8来实施两个壳体半部2、3的接合过程的情形，构成凹槽9的壳体半部3的塑料对于该激光器8是透过性的。另一方面，另一壳体半部2由对于所使用的激光器8是吸收性的材料构成。为了实现激光吸收，将炭黑添加到该壳体半部2的塑料中(通过阴影线表示)。在一种优选的实施方案中，采用激光射束焊接方法来连接两个壳体半部，其中为了产生激光辐射使用例如具有波长1064nm的二极管激光器8。激光射束穿透激光透过性的壳体半部3并且激光的能量由吸收激光的第二壳体半部2在其表面上吸收。在那里塑料熔化，从而在那里在形成焊缝20的情况下形成两个壳体半部2、3的材料结合的连接。壳体半部3还由对于人眼透明的塑料材料组成，以便能够在光学上控制焊缝20。
图3示出一种替代的焊接方法。在此，使用具有波长1400nm至2000nm的二极管激光器11。通过激光射束在期望的熔化区域20上的聚焦能够在不需要吸收剂的情况下直接激发塑料的大分子。这里的壳体半部3也由对于肉眼透明的塑料材料制造。但在本发明的范围内通常也可行的是，两个壳体半部借助粘合剂材料结合地相互连接。
图4和5分别示出两个壳体半部2、3的接合连接部的放大的区段。如此实现凹槽/榫舌连接的几何形状，使得通过榫舌10嵌入凹槽9中已经产生夹紧连接，该夹紧连接已经在激光焊接之前使两个壳体半部2、3彼此相对地预先固定。为此，榫舌10相对于凹槽9具有略微的尺寸过量。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于由塑料制造电动自行车框架(1)的方法，
-其中，所述电动自行车框架通过两个相应的塑料壳体半部(2，3)的接合、优选材料结合制造，
-其中，所述电动自行车框架(1)具有用于车把(4)、用于脚踏板支承部(5)和优选用于驾驶员车座(6)的容纳部(12，13，14)，并且
-其中，所述两个塑料壳体半部(2，3)借助注射成型工艺由纤维增强的热塑性塑料制造，所述热塑性塑料包含半芳香族聚酰胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述半芳香族聚酰胺选自包含脂肪族二羰基重复单元和芳香族二胺基重复单元的半芳香族聚酰胺，或者选自包含芳香族二羰基重复单元和脂肪族二胺基重复单元的半芳香族聚酰胺，或者选自上述物质的混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述半芳香族聚酰胺包含间苯二甲胺重复单元和1,6-己二酮基重复单元。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，除半芳香族聚酰胺之外，所述纤维增强的热塑性塑料还包含脂肪族的聚酰胺。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述半芳香族聚酰胺相对于没有纤维增强物的塑料总质量的重量份额为至少50％、优选至少70％。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，使用玻璃纤维和/或碳纤维和/或芳纶纤维作为纤维增强物。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述纤维在纤维增强的热塑性塑料中的重量份额为15-70％、优选40-60％。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述纤维在电动自行车框架成品中的平均长度为小于15mm、优选小于10mm、例如小于5mm。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，如此设计所述壳体半部(2、3)在其接合边缘处的几何形状，使得一个壳体半部(3)的接合边缘具有凹槽(9)而另一壳体半部(2)的接合边缘具有在接合时接合到所述凹槽(9)中的榫舌(10)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述凹槽-榫舌连接的几何形状如此设计尺寸，使得通过接合所述榫舌(10)和所述凹槽(9)形成夹紧连接，所述夹紧连接将所述两个所述壳体半部(2，3)相对于彼此地预先固定。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述两个所述塑料壳体半部(2，3)在边缘侧、优选环绕地、借助激光辐射材料结合地相互焊接以形成所述电动自行车框架(1)并且由此形成用于容纳能量存储器、优选电池(30)以及电马达(40)的内部空腔(7)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述一个壳体半部(2)由吸收激光的塑料制造而所述另一壳体半部(3)由激光透过性的塑料制造。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，其接合边缘构成所述凹槽(9)的壳体半部(3)由激光透过性的塑料制造，而其接合边缘构成所述榫舌(10)的壳体半部(2)由吸收激光的塑料制造。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法，其中，在所述塑料壳体半部(2，3)的接合之前将凹部在内侧铣削到所述塑料壳体半部中，所述凹部用于保持电动自行车组件、尤其电马达(40)和/或电池元件(30)和/或脚踏板支承部(5)。
15.一种电动自行车框架(1)，所述电动自行车框架借助根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法制造。
CN201580041310.0A 2014-06-04 2015-05-26 塑料电动自行车框架制造方法及相应制造的电动自行车框架 Expired - Fee Related CN106660604B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014107852.7 2014-06-04
DE102014107852.7A DE102014107852A1 (de) 2014-06-04 2014-06-04 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pedelec-Rahmen aus Kunststoff und entsprechend hergestellter Pedelec Rahmen
PCT/EP2015/001075 WO2015185193A1 (de) 2014-06-04 2015-05-26 Verfahren zur herstellung von pedelec-rahmen aus kunststoff und entsprechend hergestellter pedelec rahmen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106660604A true CN106660604A (zh) 2017-05-10
CN106660604B CN106660604B (zh) 2020-10-16

Family

ID=53385570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201580041310.0A Expired - Fee Related CN106660604B (zh) 2014-06-04 2015-05-26 塑料电动自行车框架制造方法及相应制造的电动自行车框架

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180186085A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3152103B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN106660604B (zh)
DE (1) DE102014107852A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2015185193A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020124538A1 (zh) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 太宇工业股份有限公司 自行车热塑复合材车架构件的成型方法及其成品
TWI728290B (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-05-21 太宇工業股份有限公司 自行車熱塑複合材車架構件的成型方法及其成品

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3050795B1 (fr) * 2016-04-27 2019-11-29 Valeo Iluminacion Dispositif lumineux comprenant au moins deux parties soudees au laser
DE102017101268A1 (de) * 2017-01-24 2018-07-26 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Ausbildung einer Fügestelle zur Ausführung eines Laserstrahlschweißens von zwei Bauteilen aus Kunststoff
US10967585B2 (en) 2017-03-16 2021-04-06 Guerrilla Industries LLC Composite structures and methods of forming composite structures
DE102019204186A1 (de) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 Ako - Kunststoffe Alfred Kolb Gmbh Verfahren zum Mikrowellenverschweißen, Bauteil aus Kunststoff und Anordnung mit einem ersten Bauteil und einem zweiten Bauteil
BE1028283B1 (nl) * 2020-05-08 2021-12-06 Rein4Ced Fietsframe en werkwijze voor de vervaardiging
AT17428U1 (de) * 2020-09-25 2022-04-15 Gerd Ohrnberger Elektrofahrrad
US11572124B2 (en) 2021-03-09 2023-02-07 Guerrilla Industries LLC Composite structures and methods of forming composite structures
CN114434825B (zh) * 2022-01-07 2023-08-04 深圳市喜德盛碳纤科技有限公司 一种碳纤维车架的成型加工装置及成型加工方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011033505A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-24 Keter Plastic Ltd. Frame structure
WO2013029788A1 (de) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Rehau Ag + Co Zweiradrahmen, zweirad und verfahren zur herstellung eines zweiradrahmens

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5464240A (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-11-07 Genesis Composites, L.C. Hollow shell frames for bicycles and other human-powered vehicles and method for making same
AU2265195A (en) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-30 Donald P.H. Wu Frame system for cycles
US6139040A (en) * 1994-09-15 2000-10-31 Dempsey; Douglas E. Shear-bonded molded bicycle component assembly
CA2181153A1 (fr) * 1994-11-16 1996-05-23 Gerard Legerot Cadre de cycle modulable
EP0712778B1 (fr) * 1994-11-16 1999-04-21 Bird Sa Cadre de cycle modulable et caractéristiques anti-vibratoires d'un tel cadre
DE19846209A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Ag Sportartikel
US20070137779A1 (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-06-21 Hiroshi Mori Process for laser welding
WO2010089241A1 (de) * 2009-02-04 2010-08-12 Basf Se Schwarze, uv-stabile thermoplastische formmassen
WO2010113736A1 (ja) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 東レ株式会社 ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびこれらからなる成形品
US20120001476A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Injection molded composite wheel for a vehicle
DE202013002987U1 (de) 2013-03-28 2013-04-24 Andreas Stubner Zweiradrahmen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011033505A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-24 Keter Plastic Ltd. Frame structure
WO2013029788A1 (de) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Rehau Ag + Co Zweiradrahmen, zweirad und verfahren zur herstellung eines zweiradrahmens

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020124538A1 (zh) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 太宇工业股份有限公司 自行车热塑复合材车架构件的成型方法及其成品
TWI728290B (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-05-21 太宇工業股份有限公司 自行車熱塑複合材車架構件的成型方法及其成品

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014107852A1 (de) 2015-12-17
EP3152103A1 (de) 2017-04-12
EP3152103B1 (de) 2020-01-08
US20180186085A1 (en) 2018-07-05
WO2015185193A1 (de) 2015-12-10
CN106660604B (zh) 2020-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106660604A (zh) 塑料电动自行车框架制造方法及相应制造的电动自行车框架
ES2209506T3 (es) Frontal compuesto de metal/plastico reforzado sobremoldeado para vehiculo automovil.
JP5568547B2 (ja) 車両シャーシ
JP3630298B2 (ja) 樹脂成形品の接合方法
CN104943159B (zh) 汽车灯的制造方法以及相应的汽车灯
EP2762367B1 (fr) Ensemble de pare-chocs pour véhicule automobile
CN105492312A (zh) 具有弹簧减振的动力装置摇臂的两轮车
US20090033059A1 (en) Customizable carbon frames for bicycles or other vehicles
KR20220029046A (ko) 전기차용 섀시 플랫폼 모듈
JP6025629B2 (ja) 樹脂製部材の溶着方法
JP2002284895A (ja) 樹脂成形品
MX2014012966A (es) Metodo para la conexion de componentes termoplasticos, recubiertos y componentes de plastico.
JP2001105499A (ja) 樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法
DE102014107851A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pedelec-Rahmen aus Kunststoff und entsprechend hergestellter Pedelec-Rahmen
JP5956733B2 (ja) 車載用樹脂製中空部品及びその製造方法
US20120104725A1 (en) Bicycle front fork
JP2006026974A (ja) 異種樹脂部材の接合方法
JP2003276087A (ja) 樹脂材の接合方法
JP2002067165A (ja) 樹脂成形品
JP2004058124A (ja) 中空成形体の加工方法
FR3047455A1 (fr) Vehicule avec glissiere de renfort en cas de choc frontal avant a faible chevauchement
KR20160104822A (ko) 시트백 프레임 및 그 제조방법
CN105829069A (zh) 一种用于将边缘嵌条与家具板连接的方法
EP1219406A3 (en) Welding of thermoplastic material
JP2005067208A (ja) 樹脂成形品

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20201016

Termination date: 20210526

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee