CN106659591B - 丙烯酸聚合物和它们在透皮药物递送中的用途 - Google Patents
丙烯酸聚合物和它们在透皮药物递送中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106659591B CN106659591B CN201580045893.4A CN201580045893A CN106659591B CN 106659591 B CN106659591 B CN 106659591B CN 201580045893 A CN201580045893 A CN 201580045893A CN 106659591 B CN106659591 B CN 106659591B
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- random copolymer
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- acrylate monomer
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于透皮施用的无规丙烯酸共聚物。还描述了制备和使用所述共聚物的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于例如透皮施用的丙烯酸聚合物。
发明背景
透皮递送是一种有效且方便的给药多种药物的方法。许多透皮递送系统包含聚合材料作为例如粘合剂或增溶剂/分散剂。经常将增塑剂加入那些聚合物中以便使它们适合用在透皮递送装置中。例如,增塑剂可以抑制活性物的结晶并提高该活性物穿过角质层的通量。
增塑剂可以具有透皮贴剂的负面效应。例如,增塑剂可以导致迁移并可能干扰正在递送的治疗剂的溶解度。还存在关于一些增塑剂的安全性方面的考虑。所以,期望开发需要较少增塑剂的聚合物,并同时维持可接受的剪切和冷流性能。
发明内容
本发明涉及无规共聚物,其包含第一单体和至少18重量%(基于所述无规共聚物的重量)的第二单体,所述第一单体是丙烯酸丁酯单体、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯单体、丙烯酸辛酯单体或丙烯酸异辛酯单体,所述第二单体是甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体、甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体或甲基丙烯酸异丁酯单体。还描述了制备该无规共聚物的方法以及使用该无规共聚物的方法。
本发明的其它适用领域将从在下文中提供的详细描述显而易见。应当理解,所述详细描述和具体实施例尽管指示本发明的优选实施方案,但是意图仅用于举例说明的目的且无意限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
优选实施方案的下述描述实际上仅仅是示例性的,且绝不意图限制本发明、其应用或用途。
本发明涉及无规共聚物。这些无规共聚物特别适合用在透皮贴剂应用中。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明的无规共聚物基本上由第一单体和至少18重量%(基于所述无规共聚物的重量)的第二单体组成,所述第一单体是丙烯酸丁酯单体、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯单体、丙烯酸辛酯单体或丙烯酸异辛酯单体,所述第二单体是甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体、甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体或甲基丙烯酸异丁酯单体。在其它实施方案中,本发明的无规共聚物由第一单体和第二单体组成,所述第一单体是丙烯酸丁酯单体、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯单体、丙烯酸辛酯单体或丙烯酸异辛酯单体,所述第二单体是甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体、甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体或甲基丙烯酸异丁酯单体。本领域技术人员会明白,所述无规共聚物可以包含少量的用于制备或稳定本发明的无规共聚物的聚合引发剂和/或抗氧化剂。
通过包括以下步骤的方法制备本发明的无规共聚物:在聚合引发剂的存在下,使第一单体和至少18重量%(基于所述无规共聚物的重量)的第二单体组合,所述第一单体是丙烯酸丁酯单体、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯单体、丙烯酸辛酯单体或丙烯酸异辛酯单体,所述第二单体是甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体、甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体或甲基丙烯酸异丁酯单体。这些方法可以任选地在溶剂的存在下进行。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述无规共聚物基本上由第一单体和第二单体组成。在其它实施方案中,本发明的无规共聚物由第一单体和第二单体组成。
在优选的实施方案中,所述无规共聚物包含18重量%至50重量%的第二单体。例如,所述无规共聚物包含约18重量%、19重量%、20重量%、21重量%、22重量%、23重量%、24重量%、25重量%、26重量%、27重量%、28重量%、29重量%、30重量%、31重量%、32重量%、33重量%、34重量%、35重量%、36重量%、37重量%、38重量%、39重量%、40重量%、41重量%、42重量%、43重量%、44重量%、45重量%、46重量%、47重量%、48重量%、49重量%或50重量%的第二单体。在特别优选的实施方案中,基于所述无规共聚物的重量,所述无规共聚物包含20重量%、22.5重量%或30重量%的第二单体。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述第一单体与所述第二单体的重量比是约82:18至约50:50。所述第一单体与所述第二单体的优选重量比是约82:18、81:19、80:20、79:21、78:22、77:23、76:24、75:25、74:26、73:27、72:28、71:29、70:30、69:31、68:32、67:33、66:34、65:35、64:36、63:37、62:38、61:39、60:40、59:41、58:42、57:43、56:44、55:45、54:46、53:47、52:48、51:49或50:50。
在本发明的其它实施方案中,基于所述无规共聚物的重量,所述无规共聚物基本上由约70-80重量%的第一单体和20-30重量%的第二单体组成。在其它实施方案中,基于所述无规共聚物的重量,所述无规共聚物由约70-80重量%的第一单体和20-30重量%的第二单体组成。
在优选的实施方案中,所述第一单体是丙烯酸丁酯。在某些实施方案中,所述第一单体是丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯。在其它实施方案中,所述第一单体是丙烯酸辛酯。在其它实施方案中,所述第一单体是丙烯酸异辛酯。所述第二单体优选地是甲基丙烯酸甲酯。在其它实施方案中,所述第二单体是甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体。在其它实施方案中,所述第二单体是甲基丙烯酸异丁酯单体。
适合用于产生无规聚合的聚合引发剂是本领域已知的。特别优选的聚合引发剂包括2,2’-偶氮二(2-甲基丁腈)(AMBN)、过氧化二苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰和2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)。
本发明的方法可以“纯地(neat)”进行,也就是说,在没有任何溶剂存在下进行。在其它实施方案中,所述方法可以在溶剂的存在下进行。优选的溶剂是有机溶剂,例如,乙酸乙酯、丙酮、己烷、环己烷、庚烷、甲苯、乙醇和异丙醇或它们的组合。
本发明的无规共聚物具有适合用于例如透皮贴剂应用的物理和机械性能。用于透皮施用的共聚物会具有小于0℃的Tg。用于透皮施用的物质还会具有高剪切,其指示低冷流,这对于透皮施用而言是期望的。尽管增加聚合物中的甲基丙烯酸甲酯的量会增加得到的聚合物的剪切值,但是它也会导致Tg的增加。本发明的无规共聚物包含大于18重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯,但是它们可以掺入具有小于0℃的Tg值的物质中,从而使得它们适合用于透皮施用。
例如,本发明的无规共聚物具有约-18℃至-50℃的Tg。本领域技术人员会容易地理解,可以根据已知技术实验性地计算Tg。或者,可以使用Fox方程式在理论上计算Tg。
由本发明的共聚物制备的粘合剂在8.8psi下会具有大于10的剪切值。优选地,由本发明的共聚物制备的粘合剂在4.4psi下会具有大于20、优选大于40的剪切值。
“蠕变”也被称作“冷流”,表示物质在物理应力的影响下缓慢地移动或变形的趋势。由本发明的共聚物制备的粘合剂会具有与对基于嵌段共聚物的粘合剂观察到的冷流性能相当的冷流性能。
本发明的无规共聚物可以用于制备用于给药治疗剂的其它组合物。这样的组合物包含本文描述的任一种无规共聚物和治疗剂。这些组合物可以任选地包含至少一种选自以下的成分:增强剂、增塑剂、增粘剂、粘度改进剂、赋形剂、稀释剂、软化剂、抗刺激剂、遮光剂、颜料、抗氧化剂和防腐剂。
有用的增粘剂可以包括任何相容的树脂或其混合物,诸如天然的和改性的松香,包括例如作为脂松香、木松香、浮油松香、蒸馏松香、氢化松香、二聚化松香(dimerizedrosin)和聚合松香;天然的和改性的松香的甘油酯和季戊四醇酯,包括例如作为白木松香(pale,wood rosin)的甘油酯、氢化松香的甘油酯、聚合松香的甘油酯、氢化松香的季戊四醇酯和松香的酚类改性的季戊四醇酯;天然萜类的共聚物和三元共聚物,包括例如苯乙烯/萜烯和α甲基苯乙烯/萜烯;具有约80℃至150℃的软化点(如通过ASTM方法E28-58T所测定的)的多萜树脂;酚类改性的萜烯树脂及其氢化衍生物,包括例如从二环萜烯和苯酚在酸性介质中的缩合产生的树脂产物。
还有用的是基本上芳族的树脂。可以从具有可聚合的不饱和基团的任何基本上芳族的单体制备这样的树脂的实例。这样的芳族单体的典型实例包括苯乙烯单体、苯乙烯、α甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯、甲氧基苯乙烯、叔丁基苯乙烯、氯苯乙烯等,茚单体包括茚和甲基茚。
各种增塑剂或稀释剂也可以存在于本发明的组合物中。合适的稀释剂优选地主要与丙烯酸嵌段共聚物的软(B)嵌段相容。稀释剂是具有低于室温的Tg(如通过DSC所测定的)的液体或半固体材料。这些包括增塑油或增量油(extending oil)和液体增粘剂。液体增粘剂包括松香衍生物诸如松香醇、松香的甲基酯和通过用松香酯化二乙二醇而形成的松香酯。
其它合适的稀释剂包括脂族酯诸如酞酸酯、己二酸酯、癸二酸酯和壬二酸酯,石蜡诸如氯化石蜡,和聚亚烷基二醇诸如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇和聚四亚甲基二醇以及它们的无规或嵌段共聚物。酞酸酯诸如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二正癸酯、邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯和邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,聚丙二醇和双十三醇己二酸酯(ditridecyl adipate)是用于实践本发明的特别优选的稀释剂。
在本文描述的组合物中还可以包含多达约3重量%的量、更通常约0.5%的量的抗氧化剂或稳定剂。在本文中有用的稳定剂或抗氧化剂包括受阻酚(hindered phenol)或与第二种抗氧化剂诸如二硬脂醇硫代二丙酸酯(“DSTDP”)或二月桂醇硫代二丙酸酯(“DLTDP”)组合的受阻酚。代表性的抗氧化剂包括:1,3,5-三甲基2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯;季戊四醇四-3(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯;季戊四醇四(3-月桂基硫代二丙酸酯);正十八烷基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯酚)-丙酸酯;4,4′-亚甲基二(2,6-叔丁基苯酚);4,4′-硫代二(6-叔丁基-邻甲酚);2,6-二叔丁基苯酚;6-(4-羟基苯氧基)-2,4-双(正辛基-硫)-1,3,5-三嗪;二-正十八烷基3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苄基-膦酸酯;3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯甲酸-2-(正辛基硫基)乙酯;和山梨醇六[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)-丙酸酯]。优选的是IRGAFOS 168(可从Ciba得到的第二种抗氧化剂)和IRGANOX 1010(可从Ciba-Geigy得到的受阻酚主要抗氧化剂)。其它抗氧化剂包括ETHANOX 330(来自Albermarle的受阻酚);SANTOVAR(来自Monsanto的2,5-二叔戊基氢醌);和来自Uniroyal的NAUAGARD P(三(对壬基苯基)亚磷酸酯)。优选的抗氧化剂包括丁羟茴醚(BHA)和丁羟甲苯(BHT)。
除了治疗剂以外,本发明的组合物还可以有利地包含有效量的渗透促进剂。渗透促进剂的有效量是指提供膜渗透性、施用速率和治疗剂的量的选择增加的量。
还可以向本发明的组合物中加入常规地在粘合剂中用于满足不同性能和满足特定应用要求的其它添加剂。这样的添加剂包括例如填充剂、颜料、流动改性剂、染料,其可取决于目的而以少量或较大量掺入粘合剂制剂中。
优选地,本发明的组合物包含大于60重量%的无规共聚物。在其它实施方案中,本发明的组合物包含61重量%、62重量%、63重量%、64重量%、65重量%、66重量%、67重量%、68重量%、69重量%、70重量%、71重量%、72重量%、73重量%、74重量%、75重量%、76重量%、77重量%、78重量%、79重量%、80重量%、81重量%、82重量%、83重量%、84重量%、85重量%、86重量%、87重量%、88重量%、89重量%、90重量%、91重量%、92重量%、93重量%、94重量%或95重量%的无规共聚物。
在包含增塑剂的那些本发明的组合物中,所述组合物包含小于约20重量%(基于所述组合物的重量)的增塑剂。在其它实施方案中,基于所述组合物的重量,所述组合物包含19重量%、18重量%、17重量%、16重量%、15重量%、14重量%、13重量%、12重量%、11重量%、10重量%、9重量%、8重量%、7重量%、6重量%、5重量%、4重量%、3重量%、2重量%或1重量%的增塑剂。
在本发明的组合物中使用的治疗剂可以溶解或分散在无规共聚物中。优选的治疗剂包括适合用于透皮递送的任何治疗剂。
本发明的组合物可以呈本领域已知的任何形式。一种特别优选的形式是透皮贴剂装置。可以诸如带、贴片、薄片(sheet)、敷料的制品(article)的形式或本领域技术人员已知的任意其它形式制造本发明的透皮递送装置。可以任意期望的单位形式生产透皮递送装置。圆形是方便的,因为它不含有可能容易从皮肤脱离的角。除了具有不同形状以外,生产的剂量单位可以呈现不同的大小。可以将本发明的装置置于皮肤上,并允许保留足以达到或维持预期的治疗效果的时间。考虑到本发明的装置的通量率和正在治疗的病症,本领域技术人员可以选择构成足够时间的时间。
本发明的递送装置所应用的治疗领域和可以掺入本发明的装置中的治疗剂的实例包括治疗失禁(奥昔布宁)、中枢神经系统病症(哌甲酯)、激素疗法和生育控制(雌二醇、睾酮、黄体酮、黄体酮、左炔诺孕酮)、心血管病(硝酸甘油、可乐定)和强心剂(例如,毛地黄属、地高辛)、疼痛控制或抗炎剂(芬太尼、利多卡因、双氯芬酸、氟比洛芬)、化妆品(过氧苯甲酰、水杨酸、维生素C、维生素E、芳族油)、止恶心药(东莨菪碱)、戒烟(烟碱)、抗炎性病症、甾体类(例如,氢化可的松、泼尼松龙、曲安西龙)和非甾体类(例如,萘普生、吡罗昔康)治疗、抗细菌剂(例如,青霉素诸如青霉素V、头孢菌素类诸如头孢氨苄、红霉素、四环素、庆大霉素、磺胺噻唑、呋喃妥因和喹诺酮类诸如诺氟沙星、氟甲喹和依巴沙星)、抗原生动物药(例如,甲硝唑)、抗真菌药(例如制霉菌素)、钙通道阻滞剂(例如硝苯地平、地尔硫卓)、支气管扩张剂(例如,茶碱、吡布特罗、沙美特罗、异丙肾上腺素)、酶抑制剂诸如胶原酶抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂、弹性蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧合酶抑制剂和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(例如,卡托普利、赖诺普利)、其它抗高血压药(例如,普萘洛尔)、白三烯拮抗剂、抗溃疡剂诸如H2拮抗剂、抗病毒剂和/或免疫调节剂(例如,1-异丁基-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉-4-胺、1-(2-羟基-2-甲基-丙基)-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉-4-胺和阿昔洛韦)、局部麻醉药(例如,苯佐卡因、丙泊酚)、镇咳药(例如,可待因、右美沙芬)、抗组胺药(例如,苯海拉明、氯苯那敏、特非那定)、麻醉镇痛药(例如,吗啡、芬太尼)、作用于心脏的产品诸如心房肽、抗惊厥药(例如,乙胺嗪)、免疫抑制剂(例如,环孢菌素)、精神疗法(例如,地西泮)、镇静剂(例如,苯巴比妥)、抗凝血剂(例如,肝素)、镇痛药(例如,对乙酰氨基酚)、抗偏头痛药(例如,麦角胺、褪黑激素、舒马普坦)、抗心律不齐药(例如,氟卡尼)、止吐药(例如,甲氧氯普胺、昂丹司琼)、抗癌剂(例如,甲氨蝶呤)、神经学药剂诸如抗焦虑药物、止血药、抗肥胖剂等、以及它们的药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂合物和包合物。
使用本发明的透皮药物递送装置,也可以方便地施用兽药以及农业和园艺药剂。应当理解,在兽医和园艺应用中的透皮药物递送能够实现与在食品/灌溉水中的给药相比更精确的给药和更少的浪费。
还可以使用本发明的装置递送农业和园艺药剂。例如,可以使用本发明的装置递送兰科植物生长激素。
应当理解,在兽医和园艺应用中的透皮药物递送能够实现与在食品/灌溉水中的给药相比更精确的给药和更少的浪费。
提供下述实施例来举例说明本文描述的组合物、方法和性能。所述实施例仅仅是示例性的,且无意将本发明限制为其中阐述的材料、条件或过程参数。
实施例
实施例1:70:30丙烯酸丁酯:甲基丙烯酸甲酯
制备含有126.0g丙烯酸正丁酯、54.0g甲基丙烯酸甲酯、120.0g乙酸乙酯(溶剂)和0.12g 2,2'-偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)(聚合引发剂)的起始装料,并装入配有不锈钢搅拌器、温度计、冷凝器、水浴和加料漏斗的2L四颈圆底烧瓶中。将起始装料在搅拌下加热至回流。在从回流开始15分钟时,将含有84.0g丙烯酸正丁酯和12.0g甲基丙烯酸甲酯的单体混合物历时1.0小时同时地且均匀地加入。也在从回流开始15分钟时,将30.0g乙酸乙酯和1.2g AIBN历时3小时同时地且均匀地加入。在加入结束时,将烧瓶内容物在回流下保持2.0小时。在保持阶段结束时,历时1小时加入30.0g乙酸乙酯和1.5g过氧新戊酸叔戊酯。在加入结束时,将内容物在回流下保持1小时。在保持阶段结束时,将内容物冷却至室温,加入60g乙酸乙酯,并将溶液聚合物排出。最终的聚合物测得55.46%总固体和2.76的相对粘度(乙酸乙酯,2.0重量%溶液)。
实施例2:77.5:22.5丙烯酸丁酯:甲基丙烯酸甲酯
制备含有139.5g丙烯酸正丁酯、40.5g甲基丙烯酸甲酯、120.0g乙酸乙酯(溶剂)和0.12g 2,2'-偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)(聚合引发剂)的起始装料,并装入配有不锈钢搅拌器、温度计、冷凝器、水浴和加料漏斗的2L四颈圆底烧瓶中。将起始装料在搅拌下加热至回流。在从回流开始15分钟时,将含有93.0g丙烯酸正丁酯和27.0g甲基丙烯酸甲酯的单体混合物历时1.0小时同时地且均匀地加入。也在从回流开始15分钟,历时3小时同时地且均匀地加入30.0g乙酸乙酯和1.2g AIBN。在加入结束时,将烧瓶内容物在回流下保持2.0小时。在保持阶段结束时,历时1小时加入30.0g乙酸乙酯和1.5g过氧新戊酸叔戊酯。在加入结束时,将内容物在回流下保持1小时。在保持阶段结束时,将内容物冷却至室温,加入60g乙酸乙酯并将溶液聚合物排出。最终的聚合物测得55.07%总固体和2.75的相对粘度(乙酸乙酯,2.0重量%溶液)。
实施例3:对比例
制备本发明的聚合物,并将它们的性能与其它聚合物进行对比。结果显示在表1中。
与Pressure Sensitive Tape Council(PSTC)101类似地进行剥离实验。以受控压力将胶带施加于标准试验板。在特定速率以180°角从所述板剥离胶带,在该时间中测量实现剥离所需的力。在这些实验中,胶带为在一侧上具有1mil(0.001英寸)厚的干燥粘合剂并具有2mil聚酯(MYLAR)背衬的1”x 6”条带。
根据PSTC 107进行剪切实验。以受控压力将胶带施加于标准试验板。垂直地固定所述板。将标准质量连接至胶带的自由端并测定达到失败的时间。此处,胶带条是1英寸x1/2英寸,且标准质量是1千克。
将Tg(流变学)作为使损耗模量(loss modulus)与储能模量(storage modulus)的比率(G”/G’)最大时的温度。使用TA RDA III流变仪(8mm平板,受控的应变,在10弧度/秒的恒定频率的温度扫描试验)测量模量。
从61.9重量%的丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、32.4重量%的丙烯酸甲酯和5.7重量%的丙烯酸的组合制备聚合物A。聚合物A是具有羧酸官能团的无规共聚物。
从32.5重量%的丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、32.5重量%的丙烯酸丁酯、15重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯和20重量%的丙烯酸叔辛酯的组合制备聚合物B。聚合物B是未被羧酸基团官能化的无规共聚物。
通过将89.25g Kristalex 3100(100°软化点,可得自Eastman)增粘剂和10.75gPlasthall DTDA(双十三醇己二酸酯,可得自HallStar)增塑剂与100g干燥嵌段共聚物组合来制备聚合物C,所述干燥嵌段共聚物从77.5重量%的丙烯酸丁酯和22.5重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯的组合来制备。
聚合物D是从77.5重量%的丙烯酸丁酯和22.5重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯的组合制备的本发明的无规共聚物。
通过将89.25g Kristalex 3100加入到100g干燥聚合物D中来制备聚合物E。
表1.
已经参考示例性实施方案描述了本发明。显而易见,在阅读和理解前面的详细描述以后可以对其它方案做出改进和改变。意图将本发明解释为包括所有这样的修改和改变,达到它们落入所附权利要求或其等同方案的范围内的程度。
Claims (9)
1.通过以下方法制备的无规共聚物:
在聚合引发剂和任选存在的有机溶剂的存在下,将以下组合:
第一单体,其为丙烯酸丁酯单体、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯单体、丙烯酸辛酯单体或丙烯酸异辛酯单体,和
基于所述无规共聚物的重量的至少18重量%的第二单体,其为甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体、甲基丙烯酸丁酯或甲基丙烯酸异丁酯;
其中所述第一单体与所述第二单体的重量比是82:18至50:50;并且
其中所述聚合引发剂是2,2’-偶氮二(2-甲基丁腈)(AMBN)、过氧化二苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰或2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN);并且
其中所述无规共聚物具有-18℃至-50℃的Tg,其中Tg是使用Fox方程式在理论上计算的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无规共聚物,其包含20重量%、22.5重量%或30重量%的所述第二单体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的无规共聚物,其中所述有机溶剂是乙酸乙酯、丙酮、己烷、环己烷、庚烷、甲苯、乙醇或异丙醇或它们的组合。
4.组合物,其包含:
根据权利要求1所述的无规共聚物;
治疗剂;和
任选存在的至少一种选自以下的成分:增强剂、增塑剂、增粘剂、粘度改进剂、赋形剂、稀释剂、软化剂、抗刺激剂、遮光剂、颜料和防腐剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的组合物,其中所述治疗剂溶解在所述无规共聚物中。
6.根据权利要求4所述的组合物,其中所述治疗剂分散在所述无规共聚物中。
7.根据权利要求4所述的组合物,其还包含抗氧化剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的组合物,其中所述抗氧化剂是丁羟茴醚(BHA)或丁羟甲苯(BHT)。
9.透皮贴剂,其包含根据权利要求4所述的组合物。
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