CN106653130B - A kind of middle cool waste processing unit - Google Patents
A kind of middle cool waste processing unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106653130B CN106653130B CN201710057104.XA CN201710057104A CN106653130B CN 106653130 B CN106653130 B CN 106653130B CN 201710057104 A CN201710057104 A CN 201710057104A CN 106653130 B CN106653130 B CN 106653130B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/20—Disposal of liquid waste
- G21F9/22—Disposal of liquid waste by storage in a tank or other container
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to middle cool waste processing equipment technical field, it is related to a kind of waste treatment equipment, particularly a kind of middle cool waste processing unit, the combustable organic class discarded object of middle low-level radioactive substance is included caused by nuclear power plant for handling, also can be used in handling middle low-level radioactive substance discarded object caused by hospital, factory, research institution etc., the volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization, including pyrolysis reactor, burner, catalytic converter, spray washing tower and high temperature-resistive pipeline, communicated between each device by high temperature-resistive pipeline；It is easy to seal up for safekeeping, landfill disposal, and volume reduction rate can eliminate core radiocontamination and air environmental pollution more than 95%；Using gentle thermocatalytic degradation technique；Its is simple in construction, principle is reliable, and volume reduction rate is high, and solidification effect is good, and application environment is friendly, and investment and operation cost are low, and environment protecting is good, has good economic benefit and wide market prospects.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to middle cool waste processing equipment technical field, it is related to a kind of waste treatment equipment, particularly
A kind of middle cool waste processing unit, radioactivity is included for handling hospital, factory, research institution and nuclear power plant's generation
The combustable organic class discarded object of material, the volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization.
Background technology：
Classify from technological layer, radwaste is broadly divided into high radioactivity and the class of middle low-activity two.High radioactivity is put
Injectivity waste mainly includes nuclear fuel caused spentnuclear fuel and its processed material after generating；Middle cool waste generally comprises core
Hydration system, exchanger resin when the contaminated equipment in power station, detection device, operation, waste water and waste liquid；Also include hospital, factory, grind
Study carefully the discarded object that the generations such as mechanism and nuclear power plant include radioactive substance, such as clothing, stationery, test tool, in low radiation
Property waste accounted for the 99% of all radwastes, wherein, it is most of useless comprising radioactive substance caused by nuclear power plant
Gurry, the harmfulness of middle cool waste is relatively low, but radwaste is with unique properties, makes it very numb in processes
It is tired：1. radioactivity：The radioactivity of radwaste can not use in general physics, chemistry and biological method to eliminate, can only be by radiation
The decay of property nucleic itself and reduce.2. radio-hazard：When the ray that radwaste is released passes through material, ionization occurs and swashs
Breaking-out is used, and can cause radiation injury to organism.3. heat energy discharges：Radionuclide releases energy by decaying in radwaste
Amount, when radionuclide amount is higher, the heat energy of release can cause the temperature of radwaste constantly to rise, or even make solution
Voluntarily seethe with excitement, solid voluntarily melts.
Radwaste how is effectively handled, while can maximumlly reduce radwaste volume, is always generation
The pendent problem in various countries of boundary, the U.S. has carried out the research up to 20 years in the problem, and consumes multi-billion dollar
Expenditure.Processing and disposal of the International Atomic Energy Agency for radwaste require very tight, and require that various countries act in accordance with it, and
And various countries will receive international supervision when launching.The processing of centering cool waste, International Atomic Energy Agency's requirement, whether
Solid radioactive waste or liquid radioactive wastes, curing process will be carried out, it is inner to be subsequently installed in closing " container ", is placed on shallow
In the disposal storehouse on stratum.Middle cool waste is because its harm is relatively low, and current way is to be excavated on ground deeply about in the world
10-20 meters of trench, various radiation proof engineering barriers are then built up, the radwaste tank that will be cured by incinerating compression
It is put into wherein and buries, after a period of time, the radioactive substance in these wastes will decay into harmless material, this
Kind method passes through the development of decades, although technology is very ripe, needs to take substantial amounts of nuclear waste stockyard space.With
The development of China's Nuclear Electricity, Chinese Nuclear Industry In The Past system accumulate in, low solid waste of putting reach tens thousand of cubic meters, China has
The radwaste stockyard space of limit far can not meet the requirement that low-level waste stores in future, therefore, using reliable
Handling process, realize that centering cool waste volume reduction harmless treatment is extremely urgent.
The content of the invention：
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art to exist, seek to design a kind of middle cool waste processing
Device, the problem that cool waste accumulating amount is big in solution, storage is difficult, the volume reduction of cool waste and harmless in realization
Change is handled.
To achieve these goals, the primary structure of middle cool waste processing unit of the present invention includes pyrolysis
Reactor, burner, catalytic converter, spray washing tower and high temperature-resistive pipeline, pyrolysis reactor, burner, catalytic converter,
Communicated between spray washing tower by high temperature-resistive pipeline, the pyrolysis reactor includes heater, closing feed system, spiral
Propeller, closing discharge system, electric furnace, the first temperature controller and motor；The closing feed system includes charging aperture and close
Seal inlet valve；The spiral propeller includes worm screw and feed pipe；The closing discharge system includes solid residue outlet, sealing
Outlet valve and gas vent；The burner includes combustion head and burner body, burner body include two-stage electromagnetic valve, from
Dynamic fuel circuit oil pump, servomotor, air inlet and the first air inlet；Heat-insulation layer is provided with outside the catalytic converter, it is internal
Filling solid catalyst；The spray washing tower include flow container, spray washing tower main body, water circulating pump, air-introduced machine, shower,
Inlet opening, fluid hole, shower nozzle, the second air inlet, exhaust outlet, blast pipe, osculum；Horizontally disposed spiral propeller is by worm screw
Formed with the feed pipe of hollow structure, the inside of feed pipe is provided with worm screw, and the outer pipe wall wound form of feed pipe is provided with heating
Device simultaneously forms zone of heating, and the heater is resistive heater, and the outside of heater is provided with the electrical heating of case structure
Stove, electric furnace include flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer successively from the inside to the outside, and electric furnace electrically connects with the first temperature controller, the first temperature control
Instrument is used to control the pyrolysis temperature in heater, realizes that material is fully pyrolyzed；The input of feed pipe and the envelope being vertically arranged
The bottom for closing feed system is connected, and closing feed system includes charging aperture and sealing inlet valve, and sealing inlet valve is used to seal
Charging aperture so that pyrolysis reactor can be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic, input and the motor electricity of spiral propeller
Connection, motor driven spiral propeller are rotated and control fltting speed, it is ensured that the material in pyrolysis reactor is pyrolyzed completely, charging
The output end of pipe is provided with closing discharge system, and closing discharge system includes solid residue outlet, sealing inlet valve and gas vent,
Solid residue outlet is sealed by sealing inlet valve, is connected with three industrial wastes processing system pipe network, for discharging discarded object
Residue；Gas vent is connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline with the first air inlet set on burner, and burner is explosion-proof oil gas
Dual burner, burner include combustion head and burner body, and the combustion head and burner body of burner use resistance to height
Adiabator and duct type communicates, combustion head are concentric annular structure, and outer shroud is gas port, and inner ring is fuel port, outside combustion head
Combustion chamber provided with case structure, burner body include two-stage electromagnetic valve, automatic oil burning loop oil pump, servomotor, air intake
Mouth and the first air inlet, automatic oil burning loop oil pump are provided with two-stage electromagnetic valve, and two-stage electromagnetic valve electrically connects with servomotor, combustion
The top of burner main body is provided with the first air inlet, and the bottom of burner body is provided with air inlet, and automatic oil burning loop oil pump passes through
Amount of fuel is adjusted, servomotor realizes the abundant burning of combustible by adjusting air inlet；Caused tail after being burnt in combustion head
Gas enters the input of catalytic converter by high temperature-resistive pipeline, and catalytic converter is high temperature resistant stainless steel solid-bed reactor,
Outside is provided with heat-insulation layer, internal filling solid catalyst, and the output end of catalytic converter passes through high temperature-resistive pipeline and spray washing
The second air inlet on tower is connected, and the bottom level of spray washing tower is provided with flow container, and the top of flow container is provided with the second air inlet
Mouthful, the top of flow container is provided with water inlet and feeding opening, and water inlet is used to inject industrial water, and feeding opening is used to inject alkalescent suction
Liquid is received, the bottom of flow container is provided with fluid hole, and fluid hole passes through the spray washing tower main body of shower and the column being vertically arranged
The inlet opening that top is provided with is connected, and shower is provided with water circulating pump, is set on the shower of spray washing tower body interior
There is more than one shower nozzle, the exhaust outlet that the top of spray washing tower main body is provided with is connected through blast pipe with air-introduced machine；
The sealing inlet valve and sealing material discharging valve can be double barrier valves, or be base-plate valve, or be Starlike valve so that pyrolysis
Anoxic or the working condition of anoxybiotic are maintained in device；
The spray washing tower main body is corrosion-resistant stainless steel material；
The present invention the first improvement project be：Catalytic converter structure is saved, the output end of burner passes through high temperature resistant
Pipeline is connected with the second air inlet of spray washing tower.
The present invention second of improved procedure be：Increase heat exchanger structure, the heat exchanger is the high temperature resistant with control valve
Pipeline, the input of heat exchanger communicate with burner tail gas outlet, and the output end of heat exchanger communicates with catalytic converter, heat exchanger
High temperature-resistive pipeline be spirally arranged at the outside of burner fuel gas inlet pipeline, the high temperature after burning is made by high temperature-resistive pipeline
The gas of tail gas and burner inlet is exchanged heat；The difference of its processing step and the present invention are step (2), start burner
The control valve of front opening burner tail gas outlet, burner tail gas and inlet gas heat exchange are realized, improves burner inlet gas
Temperature, realize recycle heat utilize, reduce energy consumption.
The present invention the third improved procedure be：Increase heat exchanger structure, while save catalytic converter structure, it is described to change
Hot device is the high temperature-resistive pipeline with control valve, and the input of heat exchanger communicates with burner tail gas outlet, the output end of heat exchanger
Communicated with spray washing tower, the high temperature-resistive pipeline of heat exchanger is spirally arranged at the outside of burner fuel gas inlet pipeline, passes through
High temperature-resistive pipeline makes the gas of high-temperature tail gas and burner inlet after burning be exchanged heat；Its processing step and the first improvement
The difference of mode is step (2), starts the control valve of burner front opening burner tail gas outlet, realize burner tail gas and
Inlet gas exchanges heat, and improves the temperature of burner inlet gas, realizes that recycle heat utilizes, reduces energy consumption.
The operation principle of middle cool waste processing unit of the present invention is：By middle cool waste from charging
Mouthful closing feed system is sent into, by sealing inlet valve sealed feed inlet so that pyrolysis reactor can be in anoxic or anoxybiotic
Middle cool waste is pyrolyzed under environment, middle cool waste can be pyrolyzed as gas and solid residue, middle low-activity
95%-98% radioactive element is rested in solid residue in waste, is exported and is discharged through solid residue, uniformly seals simultaneously cement up for safekeeping
Curing process；2%-5% radioactive element enters burner with caused gas；Burner aoxidizes unburned complete one
Carbon and hydrocarbon conversion are into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and pass through the second air inlet
It is discharged into spray washing tower, alkalescent absorbent solution will be evacuated through exhaust outlet after gas purification and discharged in spray washing tower, weak base
Property absorbent solution is discharged into waste water pipe network, collection and uniform disposal.
Walked using the concrete technology of cool waste in middle cool waste processing unit processing of the present invention
Suddenly it is：
(1) heater is started：Start the heater of pyrolysis reactor, the temperature for setting the first temperature controller is 300-
600℃；
(2) burner is started：Start automatic oil burning loop oil pump, open two-stage electromagnetic valve automatic ignition and sequentially burn,
When the partially stabilized burning of burner fuel, it is 800-1300 DEG C to keep chamber temperature, and pyrolysis gas enters burner combustion, that is, fires
Burner is burnt by center section oil atomizing, and amount of fuel, servomotor regulation air inlet are adjusted using automatic oil burning loop oil pump
Ensure that pyrolysis gas fully burns；
(3) spray washing tower is started：Start the water circulating pump and air-introduced machine of spray washing tower, prerun 3-5 minutes successively
Afterwards；
(4) feed：Middle cool waste and solid catalyst are sent into closing feed system by charging aperture, it is described solid
Body catalyst is the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and closes sealing inlet valve；Start spiral under conditions of anoxybiotic or anoxic
Propeller, set rotating speed to be 1-5 revs/min and promote material completely into pyrolysis reactor；The dosage of the solid catalyst is
The 0.5-2% of middle cool waste gross mass；
(5) pyrolytic reaction：The pyrolysis under solid catalyst effect of middle cool waste is gas and solid residue, in it is low
95%-98% radioactive element is rested on to export through solid residue in solid residue and discharged in radwaste, is uniformly sealed up for safekeeping
And cement solidification is handled；2%-5% radioactive element enters burner with caused gas；
(6) burning and catalytic reaction：2%-5% radioactive element is fully atomized combustion with fuel oil with caused gas
Burn, mixed gas caused by burning enters catalytic converter, in the presence of solid catalyst, by a unburned complete oxidation
Carbon and hydrocarbon conversion are into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and pass through the second air inlet
It is discharged into flow container；
(7) purification reaction：After the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen enters flow container, spray washing tower main body
On shower nozzle from top spray alkalescent absorbent solution, component and the concentration of alkalescent absorbent solution low-activity will be given up in
The composition of thing determines, and is contacted with the mixed gas full regression of high temperature and carry out purification reaction, and corrosion-resistant circulating water pump can follow
Ring spray drenches alkalescent absorbent solution so that the acidic components in mixed gas are fully absorbed by alkalescent absorbent solution；Only a few
Volatility radionuclide is trapped by alkalescent absorbent solution；
(8) discharge：Gas evacuates discharge by air-introduced machine through exhaust outlet after monitoring qualified purification；Used in spray washing tower
Before alkalescent absorbent solution Radionuclide reaches the discharge upper limit, it is discharged into waste water pipe network water from osculum, it is centralized and unified
Processing, new alkalescent absorbent solution is then added by water inlet and feeding opening；Step 4- steps 7 are repeated to continue to throw
Material, with the stabilization of pyrolysis apparatus working condition, feeding amount is gradually increased to the specified treating capacity of pyrolysis apparatus, low-activity in realization
The volume reduction and harmless treatment of waste.
The solid catalyst is preferably the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and cement solidification effect is good；The burner
Fuel be diesel oil, or be lubricating oil.
Hospital, factory, research institution and nuclear power plant compared with prior art, can be produced and include radioactivity by the present invention
The combustable organic class waste of material is treated as solid residue, facilitate it is follow-up seal up for safekeeping, landfill disposal, volume reduction rate is more than 95%；
Radioactivity is extremely low and can be discharged into industrial wastewater pipe network without the waste water of organic cod；Can eliminate core radiocontamination and
Air environmental pollution；Using gentle thermocatalytic degradation technique, combustable organic nucleoid protective articles and resinae waste can be handled,
Its is simple in construction, principle is reliable, and volume reduction rate is high, and solidification effect is good, and application environment is friendly, and investment and operation cost are low, energy-saving ring
Protect, there are good economic benefit and wide market prospects.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the agent structure principle schematic of middle cool waste processing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the agent structure principle schematic of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the agent structure principle schematic of embodiment 3.
Fig. 4 is the agent structure principle schematic of embodiment 4.
Fig. 5 is the FB(flow block) of cool waste in middle cool waste processing unit processing of the present invention.
Embodiment：
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described further to the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The agent structure for the middle cool waste processing unit that the present embodiment is related to includes pyrolysis reactor 1, burner
2nd, catalytic converter 3, spray washing tower 4 and high temperature-resistive pipeline 5, pyrolysis reactor 1, burner 2, catalytic converter 3, shower water
Wash between tower 4 and communicated by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5, pyrolysis reactor 1, which includes heater 11, closing feed system 12, spiral, to be pushed away
Enter device 13, closing discharge system 14, electric furnace 15, the first temperature controller 16 and motor 17, closing feed system 12 includes charging
Mouth 121 and sealing inlet valve 122, spiral propeller 13 include worm screw 131 and feed pipe 132, and closing discharge system 14 includes admittedly
Body solid discharge 141, sealing material discharging valve 142 and gas vent 143；The burner 2 includes combustion head 21 and burner body
22, burner body 22 includes two-stage electromagnetic valve 23, automatic oil burning loop oil pump 24, servomotor 25, air inlet 26 and first
Air inlet 27；The outside of catalytic converter 3 is provided with heat-insulation layer 31, internal filling solid catalyst 32；The spray washing tower 4
Include flow container 41, spray washing tower main body 42, water circulating pump 43, air-introduced machine 44, shower 45, inlet opening 46, fluid hole 47, spray
First 48, second air inlet 49, exhaust outlet 50, blast pipe 51, osculum 52, water inlet 53, feeding opening 54；Horizontally disposed spiral
Propeller 13 is made up of the feed pipe 132 of worm screw 131 and hollow structure, and the inside of feed pipe 132 is provided with worm screw 131, feed pipe
132 outer pipe wall wound form is provided with heater 11 and forms zone of heating, and the heater 11 is resistive heater, is added
The outside of thermal 11 is provided with the electric furnace 15 of case structure, and electric furnace 15 includes flame retardant coating and insulation successively from the inside to the outside
Layer, electric furnace 15 electrically connect with the first temperature controller 16, and the first temperature controller 16 is used to control the pyrolysis temperature in heater 11,
Realize that material is fully pyrolyzed；The input of feed pipe 132 is connected with the bottom for the closing feed system 12 being vertically arranged, closing
Feed system 12 includes charging aperture 121 and sealing inlet valve 122, and sealing inlet valve 122 is used for sealed feed inlet 121 so that heat
Solution reactor 1 can be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic, and the input of spiral propeller 13 electrically connects with motor 17, motor
17 band dynamic spiral propellers 13 are rotated and control fltting speed, it is ensured that the material in pyrolysis reactor is pyrolyzed completely, feed pipe 132
Output end be provided with closing discharge system 14, closing discharge system 14 includes solid residue outlet 141, sealing inlet valve 142 and
Gas vent 143, solid residue outlet 141 are sealed by sealing inlet valve 142, connected with three industrial wastes processing system pipe network
It is logical, for discharging discarded object residue；Gas vent 143 passes through the first air inlet 27 for being set on high temperature-resistive pipeline 5 and burner 2
It is connected, burner 2 is explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, and burner 2 includes combustion head 21 and burner body 22, burner 2
Combustion head 21 and burner body 22 communicated using exotic material and duct type, combustion head 21 is concentric annular structure,
Outer shroud is gas port, and inner ring is fuel port, and the outside of combustion head 21 is provided with the combustion chamber 28 of case structure, and burner body 22 includes
Two-stage electromagnetic valve 23, automatic oil burning loop oil pump 24, servomotor 25, the air inlet 27 of air inlet 26 and first, automatic oil burning return
Road binders pump 24 is provided with two-stage electromagnetic valve 23, and two-stage electromagnetic valve 23 electrically connects with servomotor 25, the top of burner body 22
Provided with the first air inlet 27, the bottom of burner body 22 is provided with air inlet 26, and automatic oil burning loop oil pump 24 is fired by adjusting
Oil mass, servomotor 25 realize the abundant burning of combustible by adjusting air inlet 26；Caused tail after being burnt in combustion head 21
Gas enters the input of catalytic converter 3 by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5, and catalytic converter 3 reacts for high temperature resistant stainless steel Solid Bed
Device, outside are provided with heat-insulation layer 31, internal filling solid catalyst 32, the output end of catalytic converter 3 by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5 and
The second air inlet 49 on spray washing tower 4 is connected, and the bottom level of spray washing tower 4 is provided with flow container 41, flow container 41
Top is provided with the second air inlet 49, and the top of flow container 41 is provided with water inlet 53 and feeding opening 54, and water inlet 53 is used to inject industry
With water, feeding opening 54 is used to inject alkalescent absorbing liquid, and the bottom of flow container 41 is provided with fluid hole 47, and fluid hole 47 passes through shower
45 inlet openings 46 being provided with the top of the spray washing tower main body 42 for the column being vertically arranged are connected, and shower 45 is provided with
Water circulating pump 43, more than one shower nozzle 48, spray washing tower are provided with the shower 45 inside spray washing tower main body 42
The exhaust outlet 50 that the top of main body 42 is provided with is connected through blast pipe 51 with air-introduced machine 44；
The sealing inlet valve 122 and sealing material discharging valve 142 can replace with double dividing plate valves, or be base-plate valve, or be
Star-like feed valve so that anoxic or the working condition of anoxybiotic are maintained in pyrolysis apparatus；
The spray washing tower main body 42 is corrosion-resistant stainless steel material；
Walked using the concrete technology of cool waste in middle cool waste processing unit processing of the present invention
Suddenly it is：
(1) heater 11 is started：Start the heater 11 of pyrolysis reactor 1, the temperature of the first temperature controller 16 is set
For 300-600 DEG C；
(2) burner 2 is started：Start automatic oil burning loop oil pump 24, open the automatic ignition of two-stage electromagnetic valve 23 and sequentially
Burning, when the partially stabilized burning of burner fuel, the temperature for keeping combustion chamber 28 is 800-1300 DEG C, and pyrolysis gas enters burner
2 burnings, i.e., burner 2 is burnt by center section oil atomizing, and amount of fuel, servo electricity are adjusted using automatic oil burning loop oil pump 24
Machine 25, which adjusts air inlet 26, ensures that pyrolysis gas fully burns；
(3) spray washing tower 3 is started：Start the water circulating pump 43 and air-introduced machine 44 of spray washing tower, prerun 3-5 successively
After minute；
(4) feed：Middle cool waste and solid catalyst are sent into closing feed system 12 by charging aperture 121,
The solid catalyst is the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and closes sealing inlet valve 122；Under conditions of anoxybiotic or anoxic
Start spiral propeller 13, set rotating speed to be 1-5 revs/min and promote material completely into pyrolysis reactor 1；The solid catalysis
The dosage of agent is the 0.5-2% of middle cool waste gross mass；
(5) pyrolytic reaction：The pyrolysis under solid catalyst effect of middle cool waste is gas and solid residue, in it is low
95%-98% radioactive element is rested in solid residue through the discharge of solid residue outlet 141, unified envelope in radwaste
Deposit and cement solidification is handled；2%-5% radioactive element enters burner 2 with caused gas；
(6) burning and catalytic reaction：2%-5% radioactive element is fully atomized combustion with fuel oil with caused gas
Burn, mixed gas caused by burning enters catalytic converter 3, in the presence of catalyst 32, by a unburned complete oxidation
Carbon and hydrocarbon conversion are into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and pass through the second air inlet
49 are discharged into flow container 41；
(7) purification reaction：After the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen enters flow container 41, spray washing tower master
Shower nozzle 48 on body 42 sprays alkalescent absorbent solution from top, and component and the concentration of alkalescent absorbent solution low in will be put
The composition of injectivity waste determines, and is contacted with the mixed gas full regression of high temperature and carry out purification reaction, corrosion-resistant circulating water pump
43 being capable of circulated sprinkling alkalescent absorbent solution so that the acidic components in mixed gas are fully inhaled by alkalescent absorbent solution
Receive；Only a few volatility radionuclide is trapped by alkalescent absorbent solution；
(8) discharge：Monitor to evacuate through exhaust outlet 50 by air-introduced machine 44 after gas cooling after qualified purification and discharge；Spray
Before alkalescent absorbent solution Radionuclide used in water scrubber reaches the discharge upper limit, it is discharged into waste water pipe network from osculum 52
In, collection and uniform disposal, new alkalescent absorbent solution is then added by water inlet 53 and feeding opening 54；Repeat step
4- steps 7 continue to feed intake, and with the stabilization of pyrolysis apparatus working condition, feeding amount is gradually increased to the specified treating capacity of pyrolysis apparatus,
The volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization.
The solid catalyst 32 is preferably the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and cement solidification effect is good；The burning
The fuel of device 2 is diesel oil, or is lubricating oil.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：Save the structure of catalytic converter 3, the output end of burner 2 passes through resistance to
High temperature conduit 5 is connected with the second air inlet 49 of spray washing tower 4.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：Increase the structure of heat exchanger 6, the heat exchanger 6 is with control valve 61
High temperature-resistive pipeline 62, the input of heat exchanger 6 communicate with the offgas outlet of burner 2, the output end and catalytic converter of heat exchanger 6
3 communicate, and the high temperature-resistive pipeline 62 of heat exchanger 6 is spirally arranged at the outside of the fuel gas inlet pipeline 63 of burner 2, passes through high temperature resistant
Pipeline 62 makes the gas of the high-temperature tail gas after burning and the entrance of burner 2 be exchanged heat；The difference of its processing step and embodiment 1
It is step (2), starts the control valve 61 of the offgas outlet of 2 front opening burner of burner 2, realize the tail gas of burner 2 and entrance
Gas converting heat, the temperature of the inlet gas of burner 2 is improved, realize that recycle heat utilizes, reduce energy consumption.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 2 are：Increase the structure of heat exchanger 6, the heat exchanger 6 is with control valve 61
High temperature-resistive pipeline 62, the input of heat exchanger 6 communicate with the offgas outlet of burner 2, output end and the spray washing tower of heat exchanger 6
4 communicate, and the high temperature-resistive pipeline 62 of heat exchanger 6 is spirally arranged at the outside of the fuel gas inlet pipeline 63 of burner 2, passes through high temperature resistant
Pipeline 62 makes the gas of the high-temperature tail gas after burning and the entrance of burner 2 be exchanged heat；The difference of its processing step and embodiment 2
It is step (2), starts the control valve 61 of the offgas outlet of 2 front opening burner of burner 2, realize the tail gas of burner 2 and entrance
Gas converting heat, the temperature of the inlet gas of burner 2 is improved, realize that recycle heat utilizes, reduce energy consumption.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of middle cool waste processing unit, it is characterised in that agent structure includes pyrolysis reactor, burner, catalysis
Converter, spray washing tower and high temperature-resistive pipeline, pass through between pyrolysis reactor, burner, catalytic converter, spray washing tower
High temperature-resistive pipeline communicates, and the pyrolysis reactor includes heater, closing feed system, spiral propeller, closing discharging system
System, electric furnace, the first temperature controller and motor；The closing feed system includes charging aperture and sealing inlet valve；The spiral
Propeller includes worm screw and feed pipe；The closing discharge system includes solid residue outlet, sealing material discharging valve and gas vent；
The burner includes combustion head and combustion chamber main body, and combustion chamber main body includes two-stage electromagnetic valve, automatic oil burning loop oil pump, watched
Take motor, air inlet and the first air inlet；Heat-insulation layer, internal filling solid catalyst are provided with outside the catalytic converter；Institute
State spray washing tower and include flow container, spray washing tower main body, water circulating pump, air-introduced machine, shower, inlet opening, fluid hole, spray
Head, the second air inlet, exhaust outlet, blast pipe, osculum；Horizontally disposed spiral propeller by worm screw and hollow structure charging
Pipe forms, and the inside of feed pipe is provided with worm screw, and the outer pipe wall wound form of feed pipe is provided with heater and forms zone of heating,
The heater is resistive heater, and the outside of heater is provided with the electric furnace of case structure, electric furnace by it is interior extremely
Flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer are included successively outside, and electric furnace electrically connects with the first temperature controller, and the first temperature controller is used to control heating dress
Interior pyrolysis temperature is put, realizes that material is fully pyrolyzed；The bottom of the input of feed pipe and the closing feed system being vertically arranged
It is connected, closing feed system includes charging aperture and sealing inlet valve, and sealing inlet valve is used for sealed feed inlet so that pyrolysis is anti-
Device is answered to be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic, the input of spiral propeller electrically connects with motor, motor driven spiral
Propeller is rotated and controls fltting speed, it is ensured that the material in pyrolysis reactor is pyrolyzed completely, and the output end of feed pipe is provided with envelope
Discharge system is closed, closing discharge system includes solid residue outlet, sealing material discharging valve and gas vent, and solid residue outlet passes through
Sealing inlet valve is sealed, and is connected with three industrial wastes processing system pipe network, for discharging discarded object residue；Gas vent passes through
High temperature-resistive pipeline is connected with the first air inlet set on burner, and burner is explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, burner
Comprising combustion head and burner body, the combustion head and burner body of burner use exotic material and duct type phase
Logical, combustion head is concentric annular structure, and outer shroud is gas port, and inner ring is fuel port, and the combustion of case structure is provided with outside combustion head
Room is burnt, combustion chamber main body includes two-stage electromagnetic valve, automatic oil burning loop oil pump, servomotor, air inlet and the first air inlet, from
Dynamic fuel circuit oil pump is provided with two-stage electromagnetic valve, and two-stage electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with servomotor, set at the top of the main body of combustion chamber
There is the first air inlet, the bottom of combustion chamber main body is provided with air inlet, and automatic oil burning loop oil pump is by adjusting amount of fuel, servo electricity
Machine realizes the abundant burning of combustible by adjusting air inlet；Caused tail gas is entered by high temperature-resistive pipeline after being burnt in combustion head
Enter the input of catalytic converter, catalytic converter is high temperature resistant stainless steel solid-bed reactor, and outside is provided with heat-insulation layer, internal
Filling solid catalyst, the output end of catalytic converter are connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline with the second air inlet on spray washing tower
Logical, the bottom level of spray washing tower is provided with flow container, and the top of flow container is provided with the second air inlet, and the top of flow container is provided with water inlet
Mouth and feeding opening, water inlet are used to inject industrial water, and feeding opening is used to inject alkalescent absorbing liquid, and the bottom of flow container is provided with out
Fluid apertures, fluid hole are connected by shower with the inlet opening that the top of the spray washing tower main body for the column being vertically arranged is provided with
Logical, shower is provided with water circulating pump, and more than one shower nozzle is provided with the shower of spray washing tower body interior, spray
The exhaust outlet that the top of water scrubber main body is provided with is connected through blast pipe with air-introduced machine.
2. cool waste processing unit in as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sealing inlet valve and sealing
Outlet valve is double barrier valves, or is base-plate valve, or is Starlike valve.
3. cool waste processing unit in as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The spray washing tower main body is
Corrosion-resistant stainless steel material.
4. the middle cool waste processing unit as described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Save catalysis
Converter structure, the output end of burner are connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline with the second air inlet of spray washing tower.
5. cool waste processing unit in as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Increase heat exchanger structure, it is described
Heat exchanger is the high temperature-resistive pipeline with control valve, and the input of heat exchanger communicates with burner tail gas outlet, the output of heat exchanger
End communicates with catalytic converter, and the high temperature-resistive pipeline of heat exchanger is spirally arranged at the outside of burner fuel gas inlet pipeline, leads to
Crossing high temperature-resistive pipeline makes the gas of the high-temperature tail gas after burning and burner inlet be exchanged heat.
6. the middle cool waste processing unit as described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Increase heat exchange
Device structure, the heat exchanger are the high temperature-resistive pipeline with control valve, and the input of heat exchanger is communicated with burner tail gas outlet, changed
The output end of hot device communicates with spray washing tower, and the high temperature-resistive pipeline of heat exchanger is spirally arranged at burner fuel gas inlet pipeline
Outside, the gas of the high-temperature tail gas after burning and burner inlet is exchanged heat by high temperature-resistive pipeline.
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| CN107274952B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2023-08-29 | 北京碧海能源装备有限公司 | Treatment system of medium-low radioactivity nuclear waste and power generation system with same |
| CN109994241A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Hundred feather weight solid radioactive waste curing process systems |
| CN108224435B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2023-09-08 | 青岛天和清原科技有限公司 | Middle-low level waste thermochemical integrated treatment device |
| CN108167841B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2023-09-08 | 青岛天和清原科技有限公司 | Middle-low level waste thermochemical treatment system |
| CN110491540B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-04-23 | 北京航天国环技术有限公司 | Method for treating radioactive waste |
| CN111667937A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-15 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Steam reforming fixed bed reactor for treating radioactive waste |
| CN113294788A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-24 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Thermal cracking device for treating radioactive solid waste |
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