CN103978007B - Fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis harmless process - Google Patents

Fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis harmless process Download PDF

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CN103978007B
CN103978007B CN201310511716.3A CN201310511716A CN103978007B CN 103978007 B CN103978007 B CN 103978007B CN 201310511716 A CN201310511716 A CN 201310511716A CN 103978007 B CN103978007 B CN 103978007B
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chromium slag
pyrolysis
gas
fluidized bed
chromium
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CN103978007A (en
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张大磊
孙晓光
刘霞
芦静
路亮
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Guangda Institute Of Environmental Technology Qingdao Co ltd
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis harmless process which is characterized by comprising the following steps: respectively putting the biomass and the chromium slag into a high-temperature fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, quickly melting and pyrolyzing the biomass in the process, releasing a large amount of pyrolysis gas, and reducing Cr (VI). Meanwhile, the pyrolytic carbon residue is attached to the surface of the chromium slag in the fluidization process, and the reduced Cr (III) in the chromium slag is protected from secondary oxidation. The chromium slag can effectively catalyze and crack the generated pyrolysis gas, thereby avoiding the generation of a large amount of highly-polluted tar gas. Compared with the traditional pyrolysis process, the process greatly shortens the retention time, can generate energy tail gas with high calorific value, and avoids the treatment and disposal of the tail gas.

Description

A kind of fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis butanedionedioxime
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis butanedionedioxime, by technology controlling and process, and can by while Cr (VI) in chromium slag efficiently reduction, Reaction time shorten greatly, simultaneously tail gas by as using energy source, while economize energy, can avoid treating tail gas.The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field.
Background technology
Chromium slag is the accessory substance discharged in bichromate production process.Because of wherein containing water-solubility Cr (VI) and have great toxicity, if the air storage without process, can cause pollution in various degree to underground water source, river or marine site, serious is detrimental to health and vegeto-animal growth.
On the whole, the detoxification (Cr (VI) high by toxicity becomes Cr (III)) of current chromium slag is divided into wet method detoxifcation and dry detoxified two large classes.Wet method adds reducing agent by Cr in chromium slag by passing through 6+in the method for liquid-phase reduction removing toxic substances.But this method reagent consumption is large, and cost is high, be also difficult to extensive for administering chromium slag at present.
Dry detoxified is make Cr (VI) in chromium slag be reduced to the object that Cr (III) reaches removing toxic substances by the strong reducing action of high-temperature reductibility atmosphere.Traditional dry treatment makees reducing agent with carbon, is heated to about 1000 DEG C poisonous Cr in restoring property atmosphere 6+be reduced into nontoxic Cr 6+, this method large-scale application, in the improvement of chromium slag, has certain economic benefit, but pollutes with secondary dust in processing procedure, and cost of investment is high, and energy consumption is large.
Number of patent application 200710041125.9 describes a kind of technique utilizing pyrolytic technique process chromium slag.This technique will utilize mud by Cr (VI) reduction in chromium slag under high temperature condition, this technique treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, and reaction temperature be reduced, and greatly reduce cost.But this technique has many defects, technique adopts rotary kiln technology on the one hand, and material time of staying in kiln is longer, and therefore treatment effeciency is lower.On the other hand, because organic matter mixes at low-temperature space with chromium slag by this technique, the two is in the moving process of high-temperature region, in mud, organic matter enters tail gas by constantly producing tar gas along air-flow, and containing carcinogenic substances such as a large amount of such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tar gas, and easily discharge with the form of PM2.5 in cooling procedure, it is very harmful, therefore needs to carry out after-treatment to tail gas.In addition, in this technique, the organic tar gas produced is diluted by high temperature gas flow, and cause reducibility gas concentration in air-flow to reduce, reducing atmosphere is not strong, and Cr (VI) reduction efficiency is reduced.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is a kind of novel chromium slag pyrolysis treating method, pass through technology controlling and process, can by while Cr (VI) in chromium slag efficiently reduction, Reaction time shorten greatly, simultaneously tail gas by as using energy source, while economize energy, can avoid treating tail gas.
This process technology scheme is: render in high temperature fluidized bed pyrolysis oven respectively by living beings and chromium slag, and living beings Flashmelt pyrolysis discharge a large amount of pyrolysis gas in the process, reduces Cr (VI).Be attached to chromium slag surface in the carbon residue of pyrolysis simultaneously fluid mapper process, the Cr (III) reduced in protection chromium slag is not by secondary oxidation.And the pyrolysis gas of generation is also carried out effective catalytic pyrolysis by chromium slag, avoid the generation of a large amount of high pollution tar gas.
Method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1. chromium slag is broken, and collection cut size, at the particle of 0.5-3mm, is delivered to pyrolysis oven from top chromium slag charging aperture.Through fluosolids, react with pyrolysis gas, Cr (VI) is reduced.Be attached to chromium slag surface in the carbon residue of pyrolysis simultaneously fluid mapper process, the Cr (III) reduced in protection chromium slag is not by secondary oxidation.Chromium slag finally flows out from discharging opening and enters cooling device, is cooled to rapidly less than 200 DEG C discharges after water-cooled.The stable gas pressure in controlled cooling model equipment exit is within the scope of-0.5 ~ 50kPa simultaneously;
2. living beings enter fluidized bed pyrolysis stove on the downside of chromium slag charging aperture, and rapid melting pyrolysis also divides present chromium solid impurity particle surface, discharges a large amount of pyrolysis gas simultaneously.The mass ratio controlling living beings and chromium slag is: living beings: chromium slag=(0.3-0.7): 1;
3. control coefficient of excess air and be less than 1 in reduction combustion furnace, the high temperature gas flow temperature of generation at 550 ~ 800 DEG C, oxygen content <0.5%, thus effective pyrolysis is carried out to chromium slag sludge mixture.High temperature gas flow enters from fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace bottom, heated fluidized bed, makes fluidized-bed temperature at 450 ~ 600 DEG C.High temperature gas flow enters tail gas with the pyrolysis gas discharged subsequently, and after dust collecting process, portion gas is as reduction combustion furnace thermal source and fuels sources, and portion gas utilizes further as fuel gas.
Compare traditional pyrolysis treating method, this method has following advantage:
1. chromium slag is shorter in the fluid bed time of staying, therefore substantially reduces the reaction time, improves reaction efficiency;
2. chromium slag in fluid bed can fully catalytic pyrolysis living beings produce tar gas, improve the combustibility of pyrolysis gas, period is more easily secondary use.The tail gas of part containing pyrolysis gas can be used as energy sources for heating fluid bed, reduces the consumption of fossil energy;
3. tail gas contains the pyrolysis gas with good combustion performance, can utilize by secondary, achieves resource, saves the process investment of tail gas simultaneously;
4. different from conventional pyrolytic technique, because chromium slag heat transfer efficiency in fluid bed is poor, therefore its heat taken away is less, and decreases the cool time of chromium slag simultaneously, reduces Cr (III) by the possibility of secondary oxidation.Fluid bed can make living beings be attached to chromium slag surface simultaneously, guarantees that Cr (III) is not by secondary oxidation further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram.
concrete embodiment is as follows:
1. chromium slag is broken, and collection cut size, at the particle of 0.5-3mm, is delivered to pyrolysis oven from top chromium slag charging aperture.Through fluosolids, react with pyrolysis gas, Cr (VI) is reduced.Be attached to chromium slag surface in the carbon residue of pyrolysis simultaneously fluid mapper process, the Cr (III) reduced in protection chromium slag is not by secondary oxidation.Chromium slag finally flows out from discharging opening, is cooled to rapidly less than 200 DEG C discharges after water-cooled;
2. living beings enter fluidized bed pyrolysis stove on the downside of chromium slag charging aperture, and rapid melting pyrolysis also divides present chromium solid impurity particle surface, discharges a large amount of pyrolysis gas simultaneously.The mass ratio controlling living beings and chromium slag is: living beings: chromium slag=0.3:1;
3. control coefficient of excess air and be less than 1 in reduction combustion furnace, the high temperature gas flow temperature of generation at 600 ~ 800 DEG C, oxygen content <0.5%, thus effective pyrolysis is carried out to chromium slag sludge mixture.High temperature gas flow enters from fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace bottom, heated fluidized bed, makes fluidized-bed temperature at 500 ~ 600 DEG C.High temperature gas flow enters tail gas with the pyrolysis gas discharged subsequently, and after dust collecting process, portion gas is as reduction combustion furnace thermal source and fuels sources, and portion gas utilizes further as fuel gas;
4. use GB GB5086.2 horizontal vibration method to carry out toxicity characteristic leaching procedure to chromium slag after process, recording water soluble chromium is 0.01mg/L, is significantly less than GB GB5085.3 hazardous waste upper limit 1.5mg/L.Chromium slag mean residence time in fluid bed is no more than 3min, is significantly less than the 30min of conventional rotary kiln.
Example 2:
1. chromium slag is broken, and collection cut size, at the particle of 0.5-3mm, is delivered to pyrolysis oven from top chromium slag charging aperture.Through fluosolids, react with pyrolysis gas, Cr (VI) is reduced.Be attached to chromium slag surface in the carbon residue of pyrolysis simultaneously fluid mapper process, the Cr (III) reduced in protection chromium slag is not by secondary oxidation.Chromium slag finally flows out from discharging opening, is cooled to rapidly less than 200 DEG C discharges after water-cooled;
2. living beings enter fluidized bed pyrolysis stove on the downside of chromium slag charging aperture, and rapid melting pyrolysis also divides present chromium solid impurity particle surface, discharges a large amount of pyrolysis gas simultaneously.The mass ratio controlling living beings and chromium slag is: living beings: chromium slag=0.7:1;
3. control coefficient of excess air and be less than 1 in reduction combustion furnace, the high temperature gas flow temperature of generation at 550 ~ 650 DEG C, oxygen content <0.5%, thus effective pyrolysis is carried out to chromium slag sludge mixture.High temperature gas flow enters from fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace bottom, heated fluidized bed, makes fluidized-bed temperature at 450 ~ 550 DEG C.High temperature gas flow enters tail gas with the pyrolysis gas discharged subsequently, and after dust collecting process, portion gas is as reduction combustion furnace thermal source and fuels sources, and portion gas utilizes further as fuel gas;
4. use GB GB5086.2 horizontal vibration method to carry out toxicity characteristic leaching procedure to chromium slag after process, recording water soluble chromium is 0.01mg/L, is significantly less than GB GB5085.3 hazardous waste upper limit 1.5mg/L.Chromium slag mean residence time in fluid bed is no more than 3min, is significantly less than the 30min of conventional rotary kiln.

Claims (2)

1. a fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis butanedionedioxime, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) chromium slag is broken, collection cut size, at the particle of 0.5-3mm, is delivered to pyrolysis oven from top chromium slag charging aperture; Through fluosolids, react with pyrolysis gas, Cr (VI) is reduced; Be attached to chromium slag surface in the carbon residue of pyrolysis simultaneously fluid mapper process, the Cr (III) reduced in protection chromium slag is not by secondary oxidation; Chromium slag finally flows out from bottom discharge mouth and enters cooling device, is cooled to rapidly less than 200 DEG C discharges after water-cooled; The stable gas pressure in controlled cooling model equipment exit is within the scope of-0.5 ~ 50kPa simultaneously;
(2) biomass feed inlet of living beings on the downside of chromium slag charging aperture enters fluidized bed pyrolysis stove, and rapid melting pyrolysis also divides present chromium solid impurity particle surface, discharges a large amount of pyrolysis gas simultaneously; The mass ratio controlling living beings and chromium slag is: living beings: chromium slag=(0.3-0.7): 1;
(3) control coefficient of excess air and be less than 1 in reduction combustion furnace, the high temperature gas flow temperature of generation at 550 ~ 800 DEG C, oxygen content <0.5%, thus effective pyrolysis is carried out to chromium slag sludge mixture; High temperature gas flow enters from fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace bottom, heated fluidized bed, makes fluidized-bed temperature at 450 ~ 600 DEG C; High temperature gas flow is flowed out by gas outlet with the pyrolysis gas discharged subsequently, and after dust collecting process, portion gas is as reduction combustion furnace thermal source and fuels sources, and portion gas utilizes further as fuel gas.
2. a kind of fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis butanedionedioxime according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, living beings used make a general reference various organic waste, comprise rubbish from cooking, mud, food waste of aquatic, agriculture, woods, poultry, waste of aquatic.
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CN105537244B (en) * 2016-01-19 2017-09-29 青岛理工大学 Method for synchronously recycling biomass and harmlessly treating chromium slag by using waste heat of steel slag
CN105542818B (en) * 2016-01-19 2018-04-20 青岛理工大学 Synchronization technology for recycling sludge and harmlessly treating chromium slag by using steel slag waste heat
CN106824979A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-13 长沙汇聚环境技术有限公司 A kind of cooperative disposal method of Cr VI slag and biomass castoff
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CN111117682A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-08 王凯军 Chromium-containing solid waste and organic material collaborative pyrolysis harmless treatment device and method
CN111252882B (en) * 2020-02-29 2022-09-23 广州绿邦环境技术有限公司 Chromium slag resource utilization equipment and treatment process thereof

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Inventor after: Zhang Dalei

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