CN106645421B - A kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronous sampling device and method - Google Patents

A kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronous sampling device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106645421B
CN106645421B CN201611192968.4A CN201611192968A CN106645421B CN 106645421 B CN106645421 B CN 106645421B CN 201611192968 A CN201611192968 A CN 201611192968A CN 106645421 B CN106645421 B CN 106645421B
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acoustic
deposit
energy converter
shaft
acoustics
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CN106645421A (en
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陶春辉
张国堙
周建平
邓显明
蔡巍
徐巍军
金肖兵
吴震宇
刘宜胜
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Second Institute of Oceanography MNR
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023Solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/106Number of transducers one or more transducer arrays

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurements and synchronous sampling device and method.The device includes deck display and control unit and undersea detection unit two parts, and two parts are powered and are communicated by coaxial cable or optoelectronic composite cable, realizes deck display and control unit to the real-time condition display of undersea detection unit and long-range control.The device with one-stop operation, can synchronously complete the acoustic in-situ measurement and sampling operation of bottom sediment;Also, the sediment acoustics in situ measurement of the device can be applicable in two kinds of work patterns of cross measure and longitudinal measurement.The acoustic in-situ measurement that the present invention is suitable for bottom sediment is sampled with deposit, can accurately be obtained the acoustic characteristic data and sediment sample of same erect-position, be improved the reliability and precision of seabed sediment acoustics characteristic research.

Description

A kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronous sampling device and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to oceanographic surveys and sea habitata detection technical field, and in particular to a kind of seabed sediment acoustics survey in situ Amount and synchronous sampling device and method.
Background technique
The interface and human knowledge, detection and exploitation benefit that bottom sediment, which is ocean water body, directly to be contacted with seabed The object faced first with seabed.The material property of bottom sediment is subsea environment monitoring, seabed resources exploitation and ocean The importance of engineering.It is the one kind for recognizing feature of sediment by carrying out acoustic in-situ measurement and sampling to bottom sediment Important means, maintains the original state characteristic of deposit to the maximum extent, and measurement accuracy is higher.The physical attribute of bottom sediment It is closely related with acoustic feature, the inverting that sediment acoustics parameter carries out physical attribute can be detected based on acoustic in-situ.Currently, There are two types of the modes for carrying out sediment acoustics in situ measurement, and one mode is the installation of acoustic transducer opposite direction, carries out lateral deposition The measurement of object acoustic characteristic;Another mode is that acoustic transducer is longitudinally mounted, carries out vertical direction sediment acoustics feature measurement; Both of which respectively has feature, and cross measure carries out acoustic measurement mainly for the deposit of certain layer position, longitudinal to measure main needle Acoustic measurement is carried out to the deposit of different layers position.Currently, the bottom sediment in-situ measurement device used both at home and abroad can only be into The single transversely or longitudinally measurement of row, measurement efficiency is lower, is primarily present following problem: (1) only can be carried out single transverse direction Or longitudinal measurement, efficiency are lower;(2) cannot synchronize deposit sampling, be unfavorable for carry out deposit parameters,acoustic with The correlation analysis of physical parameter is studied.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and same Sampler and method are walked, integrated level of the present invention is high, and no additional drive system is easy for installation, and it is easy to operate, while there is transverse direction With longitudinal two kinds of measurement patterns, and deposit sampled functions can be synchronously completed, it can Reusability.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and same Sampler, including deck display and control unit and undersea detection unit are walked, deck display and control unit remotely controls and real-time display water The job state of lower probe unit, undersea detection unit are completed acoustic in-situ measurement and are sampled with deposit;The undersea detection list Member includes hexagon bracket, and the lower section of hexagon bracket passes through positioning pin connection acoustic emission shaft, acoustic receiver shaft respectively Shaft, fixed longitudinal transmitting transducer above hexagon bracket are sampled with deposit;It is installed at least in the acoustic emission shaft Two laterally emit energy converter, and installation receives energy converter in the acoustic receiver shaft, particularly, laterally emit energy converter, indulge To transmitting transducer and receive energy converter in the same plane.
Further, load-bearing suspension centre, the top of load-bearing suspension centre and hexagon bracket are set on the top plate of the hexagon bracket Plate constitutes suspension centre turning protective device, realizes the function of over entry after the present apparatus is horizontally mounted above deck, lifts by crane.
Further, two underwater control electronics storehouses are set in the hexagon bracket, and one is used as powered communication storehouse, separately One is used as acoustics warehouse, can effectively reduce power supply with communicate to the received interference of acoustic signal transmitting.
Further, installation sound velocimeter, altimeter and underwater camera in the hexagon bracket.
Further, present apparatus center of gravity is located at hexagon frame bottom so that when present apparatus vertical lifting, three shafts by Power is smaller;And three shafts are distributed in equilateral triangle, and seabed is landed steadily, and it is heavy that seabed can be inserted under self gravitation effect In product object.
Further, longitudinal transmitting transducer and reception energy converter constitute longitudinal transmitting and receive operating mode;It laterally emits Energy converter and reception energy converter constitute horizontal emission and receive operating mode, are provided simultaneously with two kinds of sediment acoustics in situ measurement work Mode.
Further, the acoustic receiver energy converter is the array being made of multiple reception energy converter primitives, and the array is embedding In the groove for entering acoustic receiver shaft, which flushes with groove, and difference receives the radiation scope difference of energy converter primitive That installs on the longitudinal transmitting transducer and acoustic emission shaft installed on covering hexagon bracket laterally emits energy converter.
Further, three shaft bottoms are tapered, to be effectively inserted into deposit;In acoustic receiver shaft tube wall Temperature sensor is placed, it can be with the temperature of synchro measure bottom sediment;Displacement sensor is placed in acoustic emission shaft tube wall, The depth that device enters in deposit can be obtained.
A kind of method of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronized sampling, this method specifically: when operation, first carry out It is measured in deposit, makes to carry out acoustic in-situ measurement and synchronized sampling, acoustic in-situ measurement and deposition in device insertion deposit After the completion of object synchronized sampling, acoustic in-situ in the parameter and deposit that measure in a water, also, measure in its water is then carried out The parameter configuration of measurement is identical, to obtain the comparison data in S & W body, carries out the post-processing of data, obtains seabed The acoustics parameters in situ of deposit.
Further, the velocity of sound is carried out than surveying school in the velocity of sound, with the water of device measurement in the water surveyed using standard sound velocimeter Standard improves the precision of the acoustic in-situ measurement in deposit.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: synchronous carry out acoustic in-situ measurement and deposit sampling, convenient for grinding for ground acoustic model Study carefully;Both it can carry out laterally emitting reception measurement pattern, longitudinal emit can also be carried out and receive measurement pattern, a variety of measurement moulds Formula improves measurement efficiency;Powered communication electronics storehouse and acoustics warehouse are independent two pressure-resistant storehouses, reduce power supply with communicate to sound Learn the interference of signal;Using the sound velocimeter of carrying, the sound path in deposit is accurately calculated, detection accuracy is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is deck display and control unit composition schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of undersea detection unit of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is measuring method flow chart of the invention;
In figure: 1 is deck display and control unit;101 be display module;102 be communication module;103 be control module;104 are Power supply module;105 be coaxial cable or optoelectronic composite cable interface;2 be undersea detection unit;201 be load-bearing suspension centre;202 are Hexagon bracket;203 be acoustic emission shaft;204 be acoustic receiver shaft;205 sample shaft for deposit;206 be underwater Control electronics storehouse;207 be longitudinal transmitting transducer;208 laterally emit energy converter for first;209 laterally emit transducing for second Device;210 be reception energy converter.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronous sampling device, including first Plate display and control unit 1 and undersea detection unit 2, deck display and control unit 1 remotely controls and the work of real-time display undersea detection unit 2 Industry state, undersea detection unit 2 are completed acoustic in-situ measurement and are sampled with deposit.As shown in figure 3, the undersea detection unit 2 Including hexagon bracket 202, the lower section of hexagon bracket 202 passes through positioning pin connection acoustic emission shaft 203 respectively, acoustics connects It receives shaft 204 and deposit samples shaft 205, fixed longitudinal transmitting transducer 207 above hexagon bracket 202;The acoustics Installation at least two laterally emits energy converter in transmitting shaft 203, and installation receives energy converter in the acoustic receiver shaft 204 210, particularly, laterally emits energy converter, longitudinal transmitting transducer 207 and receive energy converter 210 in the same plane.
Further, load-bearing suspension centre 201, load-bearing suspension centre 201 and hexagon are set on the top plate of the hexagon bracket 202 The top plate of bracket 202 constitutes suspension centre turning protective device, realizes over entry after the present apparatus is horizontally mounted above deck, lifts by crane Function.
Further, two underwater control electronics storehouses 206 are set in the hexagon bracket 202, and one is used as power supply and leads to Believe storehouse, another is used as acoustics warehouse, can effectively reduce power supply with communicate to the received interference of acoustic signal transmitting.
Further, installation sound velocimeter, altimeter and underwater camera in the hexagon bracket 202.
Further, present apparatus center of gravity is located at 202 bottom of hexagon bracket, so that when present apparatus vertical lifting, three lances Bar stress is smaller;And three shafts are distributed in equilateral triangle, and seabed is landed steadily, and sea can be inserted under self gravitation effect In bottom sediment.
Further, longitudinal transmitting transducer 207 constitutes longitudinal transmitting reception operating mode with energy converter 210 is received;It is horizontal To transmitting transducer and the composition horizontal emission reception operating mode of energy converter 210 is received, sediment acoustics is provided simultaneously with and surveys in situ Measure two kinds of operating modes.
Further, the energy converter 210 that receives is the array being made of multiple reception energy converter primitives, array insertion In the groove of acoustic receiver shaft 204, which flushes with groove, and difference receives the radiation scope difference of energy converter primitive Laterally emitting for installing on the longitudinal transmitting transducer 207 and acoustic emission shaft 203 installed on covering hexagon bracket 202 is changed It can device.
Further, three shaft bottoms are tapered, to be effectively inserted into deposit;In acoustic receiver shaft 204 Tube wall places temperature sensor, can be with the temperature of synchro measure bottom sediment;It places and is displaced in 203 tube wall of acoustic emission shaft Sensor can obtain the depth that device enters in deposit.
The present invention also provides the method for a kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronized sampling, this method is specific Are as follows: it when operation, first carries out measuring in deposit, makes to carry out acoustic in-situ measurement and synchronized sampling, sound in device insertion deposit After the completion of learning in situ measurement and deposit synchronized sampling, then carry out the parameter for measuring in a water, also, being measured in its water with The parameter configuration that acoustic in-situ measures in deposit is identical, to obtain the comparison data in S & W body, carries out data Post-processing obtains the acoustics parameters in situ of bottom sediment.The velocity of sound in the water surveyed using standard sound velocimeter, with the device The velocity of sound calibrate than surveying in the water of measurement, improves the precision of the acoustic in-situ measurement in deposit.
Embodiment 1
The seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement of the present embodiment and synchronous sampling device include deck display and control unit 1 and underwater 2 two parts of probe unit.Deck display and control unit 1 is the power supply of undersea detection unit 2 by coaxial cable or optoelectronic composite cable, and complete At communication between the two, deck display and control unit 1 can be with the operating status of real-time display undersea detection unit 2, and visits to underwater Unit 2 is surveyed remotely to be controlled;Undersea detection unit 2 is inserted into bottom sediment using self weight, carries out acoustic in-situ measurement, And synchronous acquisition sediment sample.As shown in Fig. 2, deck display and control unit 1 includes display module 101, communication module 102, control Module 103, power supply module 104 and coaxial cable or optoelectronic composite cable interface 105;Wherein, power supply module 104 is undersea detection Unit 2 is powered, and communication module 102 completes the communication of deck display and control unit 1 and undersea detection unit 2, the realization pair of control module 103 The remote interaction of 2 operation of undersea detection unit controls, and display module 101 realizes the real-time aobvious of 2 job state of undersea detection unit Show;Undersea detection unit 2 includes hexagon bracket 202, and the lower section of hexagon bracket 202 passes through positioning pin connection acoustics hair respectively Shaft 203, acoustic receiver shaft 204 and deposit sampling shaft 205 are penetrated, fixed longitudinal transmitting is changed above hexagon bracket 202 It can device 207;Installation first laterally emits energy converter 208 and second and laterally emits energy converter in the acoustic emission shaft 203 209, installation receives energy converter 210 in the acoustic receiver shaft 204, laterally emit energy converter, longitudinal transmitting transducer 207 with Receive energy converter 210 in the same plane.
Deposit samples shaft 205 and is used as bottom sediment coring apparatus, sample length and acoustic receiver energy converter Maximum distance it is consistent, so as to acquire can with acoustic in-situ detect compare measurement deck acoustical testing deposit sample Product.
The present apparatus enters shaft in deposit using gravity during being inserted into deposit, after the present apparatus is stablized, Emit sound wave using longitudinal transmitting transducer that acoustic emission shaft or hexagon frame upper are installed, in acoustic receiver shaft Reception energy converter receive sound wave, complete sediment acoustics in situ measurement, synchronous deposits sample shaft complete deposit sampling.
Embodiment 2
The seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement of the present embodiment and synchronized sampling method are as shown in Figure 4, including the following steps:
Step 1: system installation
1.1 check that confirmation each unit component is normal;
1.2 assemble deck display and control unit and undersea detection unit respectively;
Step 2: system testing
2.1 use coaxial cable or optoelectronic composite cable, connection deck display and control unit and undersea detection unit;
2.2 according to specific job requirements, are powered and communication test;
Step 3: system is laid
3.1 are driven and winch using the gate A of ship, lift by crane undersea detection unit, and cloth is put into water;
It is measured in 3.2 deposits.When probe unit gets over 10 meters apart from seabed under water, high speed lowering device, so that under water Probe unit free-falling, shaft are inserted into bottom sediment, after shaft is stablized in deposit, are executed and are surveyed in deposit Amount acquires data;
It is measured in 3.3 water.Undersea detection unit is recycled in water, using with measurement parameter identical in deposit, hold It is measured in row water, acquires data.
Step 4: system recycling
After the completion of 4.1 operations, recycling undersea detection unit to deck;
4.2 disassembly undersea detection units, after fresh water rinses at storage to cool place drying.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronous sampling device, which is characterized in that including deck display and control unit (1) With undersea detection unit (2), deck display and control unit (1) remotely controls and the operation shape of real-time display undersea detection unit (2) State, undersea detection unit (2) are completed acoustic in-situ measurement and are sampled with deposit;The undersea detection unit (2) includes hexagon Bracket (202), the lower section of hexagon bracket (202) pass through positioning pin connection acoustic emission shaft (203), acoustic receiver lance respectively Bar (204) and deposit sampling shaft (205), the fixed longitudinal transmitting transducer (207) in hexagon bracket (202) top;It is described Installation at least two laterally emits energy converter in acoustic emission shaft (203), installs and receives on the acoustic receiver shaft (204) Energy converter (210) laterally emits energy converter, longitudinal transmitting transducer (207) and receives energy converter (210) in the same plane; Load-bearing suspension centre (201) are set on the top plate of the hexagon bracket (202), load-bearing suspension centre (201) and hexagon bracket (202) Top plate constitutes suspension centre turning protective device, realizes the function of over entry after the present apparatus is horizontally mounted above deck, lifts by crane;It is described Two underwater control electronics storehouses (206) are set in hexagon bracket (202), and one is used as powered communication storehouse, another is with uttering a word Learn storehouse, can effectively reduce power supply with communicate to the received interference of acoustic signal transmitting;Installation in the hexagon bracket (202) Sound velocimeter, altimeter and underwater camera;Described device center of gravity is located at hexagon bracket (202) bottom, so that the present apparatus is hung down When straight lifting, three shaft stress are smaller;And three shafts are distributed in equilateral triangle, and seabed is landed steadily, can be at itself It is inserted into bottom sediment under gravity;The longitudinal direction transmitting transducer (207) and reception energy converter (210) constitute longitudinal hair Penetrate reception operating mode;It laterally emits energy converter and receives energy converter (210) and constitute horizontal emission reception operating mode, have simultaneously Standby two kinds of operating modes of sediment acoustics in situ measurement;The reception energy converter (210) is by multiple reception energy converter primitive structures At array, which is embedded in the groove of acoustic receiver shaft (204), which flushes with groove, and different receptions are changed The radiation scope of energy device primitive is covered each by the longitudinal transmitting transducer (207) installed on hexagon bracket (202) and acoustics is sent out Penetrate installed on shaft (203) laterally emit energy converter;Three shaft bottoms are tapered, to be effectively inserted into deposit In;Temperature sensor is placed in acoustic receiver shaft (204) tube wall, it can be with the temperature of synchro measure bottom sediment;In acoustics Emit shaft (203) tube wall and place displacement sensor, the depth that device enters in deposit can be obtained.
2. a kind of method for carrying out seabed sediment acoustics in situ measurement and synchronized sampling using claim 1 described device, It is characterized in that, when operation, first carries out measuring in deposit, make to carry out acoustic in-situ measurement and synchronize to take in device insertion deposit Then sample, acoustic in-situ measurement are measured with after the completion of deposit synchronized sampling in water of progress, also, measured in its water Parameter is identical as the parameter configuration that acoustic in-situ in deposit measures, and to obtain the comparison data in S & W body, carries out The post-processing of data obtains the acoustics parameters in situ of bottom sediment.
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CN108106965B (en) * 2017-12-25 2023-07-18 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 Device and method for in-situ synchronous measurement of acoustic and physical parameters of submarine sediment
CN108732252B (en) * 2018-07-27 2023-09-01 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 In-situ measuring transducer for acoustic characteristics of submarine sediment
CN109060952B (en) * 2018-07-31 2023-10-13 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 In-situ fixed-point continuous measuring device for acoustic properties and temperature profile of submarine sediment
CN110531365A (en) * 2019-08-15 2019-12-03 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 A kind of comprehensive in-situ investigation sample platform in far-reaching sea
CN110672716A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-01-10 中国科学院海洋研究所 Dragging type submarine acoustic parameter measuring system
CN111103622A (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-05 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 In-situ measurement system and method for low-frequency acoustic characteristics in submarine sediments
CN111352161A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-30 广东工业大学 Seabed in-situ detector and seabed in-situ acoustic characteristic detection method

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