CN106644949B - Interference particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Interference particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional static testing device for interference particle infrared shielding rate, which comprises a particle spreader, an infrared radiation source, a thermal infrared imager, a plurality of bracket frames and blank templates, wherein the bracket frames are arranged on the particle spreader; the particle spreader is used for uniformly dispersing the interference particles on the blank sample plate to manufacture a test sample plate; the bracket frame is used for respectively placing blank templates and test templates in one-to-one correspondence when no interference particles are shielded and interference particles are shielded, and respectively and sequentially stacking the blank templates and the test templates to form a three-dimensional test structure; the infrared radiation source is arranged below the three-dimensional testing structure; the thermal infrared imager is arranged above the three-dimensional testing structure. The invention also provides a test method of the interference particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static test device. The invention overcomes the defect of large testing error of the two-dimensional static testing device, overcomes the defects of huge volume, large sample consumption and complicated operation of the traditional smoke screen box experiment system, and ensures that the testing of the infrared shielding rate of the interference particles is simple and convenient and the accuracy is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerosol particle and smoke screen particle attenuation characteristic test, in particular to a three-dimensional static test device for interference particle infrared shielding rate and a test method thereof.
Background
Aerosol or smoke particles can absorb and scatter incident infrared radiation, thereby causing attenuation of the transmission of the infrared radiation. The infrared radiation distribution of the targets and the background before and after attenuation and the equivalent radiation temperature of the appointed point thereof can be obtained by means of the thermal infrared imager, so that qualitative and quantitative characterization of the interference effect is realized.
The current common device for testing the infrared shielding performance of smoke curtain particles is a smoke curtainThe box test system consists of a large smoke screen box body (or smoke screen chamber), a smoke agent, a smoke generator, a stirring fan, a mass concentration sampling head, a detection window, a radiation source, a detector, a computer and the like. During testing, the infrared radiometer is used for recording the radiation measurement value I of the radiation source under the condition of no smoke curtain 0 And a radiation measurement I of the radiation source while distributing the smoke particles within the smoke box. Simultaneously, the smoke mass concentration sampling device acquires the smoke mass concentration C m . Substituting the measured value and the smoke box optical path L into the formula (1) to obtain the mass extinction coefficient alpha of the particles.
However, with the development of smoke-screen disturbing technologies, smoke-screen generation methods in which highly extinction particles are directly sprayed are increasingly replacing conventional smoke-screen technologies in which dense smoke is generated by combustion of a smoke-generating agent. Because the existing smoke screen box testing device is huge in size and large in testing sample consumption, the testing requirement of the extinction performance of a small amount of interference particles prepared in a laboratory scale cannot be met.
The extinction performance test of interfering particles may also be static test, i.e. certain mass M of interfering particles to be tested are adhered to transparent adhesive polymer substrate with area S to form one planar carrier board with particle area density M/S, and the carrier board is set vertically between the radiation source and the receiver to obtain the light intensity I via infrared radiometer 0 And I, equivalently representing the column density C by the M/S value of the surface density of the particles in the optical path m L is substituted into the formula (1), and the mass extinction coefficient alpha of the particles can be obtained.
The static two-dimensional plane test method is simple, convenient and low in sample consumption, but often cannot simulate the distribution state of particles in a three-dimensional space more truly, the uniformity of dispersion is not easy to control, the number of particles which can be adhered by the adhesive substrate is limited, the surface density cannot be set and regulated at will, and the test result cannot reflect the real situation objectively. In addition, the thermal infrared imager has become the main stream equipment of the current reconnaissance detection, and gradually replaces the infrared radiometer with the advantages of intuitiveness and high precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional static testing device for interference particle infrared shielding rate and a testing method thereof, wherein the testing device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and less sample consumption of a two-dimensional plane static testing device, and can simulate the characteristic that interference particles are in three-dimensional space distribution in a smoke screen box; by means of the device and the corresponding testing method, the concentration and the optical path length of the interference particles to be tested can be flexibly set, so that the error of the average extinction coefficient testing result is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the device comprises a particle spreader, an infrared radiation source, a thermal infrared imager, a plurality of bracket frames and a plurality of blank templates; the blank template consists of an infrared transparent substrate and a rigid circular ring for fixing the edge of the infrared transparent substrate; the particle spreader is used for uniformly dispersing the interference particles on the blank sample plate to manufacture a test sample plate; the number of the bracket frames is the same as that of the blank templates, and the bracket frames are used for placing the blank templates in one-to-one correspondence when no interference particles are shielded, and are also used for placing the test templates in one-to-one correspondence when the interference particles are shielded, and are sequentially stacked to form a three-dimensional test structure; the infrared radiation source is arranged below the three-dimensional testing structure; the thermal infrared imager is arranged above the three-dimensional testing structure and is used for collecting equivalent blackbody temperatures of the infrared radiation source and the background before and after interference particle shielding.
The three-dimensional static testing device for the interference particle infrared shielding rate is characterized in that the support frame is a square frame with a four-leg support, and the side length of the square frame with the four-leg support and the inner diameter of the rigid ring meet the following relation:
wherein a represents the side length of a square frame with a four-leg bracket, and d represents the inner diameter of a rigid circular ring.
The infrared radiation source is a constant temperature black body or a constant temperature heat source.
The test method of the interference particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static test device comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing a first blank template on a first support frame, stacking a second support frame on the first support frame, placing a second blank template on the second support frame, and so on to form a three-dimensional testing structure without interference particle shielding;
(2) Placing an infrared radiation source below the first bracket frame and keeping the position unchanged;
(3) Placing the thermal infrared imager above the last bracket frame, and adjusting the position of the thermal infrared imager so that the infrared radiation source and the background thereof are in the view field of the thermal infrared imager;
(4) Reading the equivalent blackbody temperature of the infrared radiation source and the background thereof from the thermal infrared imager;
(5) Transforming the position of the infrared radiation source for a plurality of times, repeating the steps (3) and (4), and calculating to obtain the average equivalent blackbody temperature of the infrared radiation source and the background thereof;
(6) Disassembling the three-dimensional testing structure without interference particle shielding, and restoring the three-dimensional testing structure into an independent blank template and a bracket frame;
(7) Weighing interference particles with certain mass, and loading the interference particles into a particle spreader;
(8) The mechanical vibration of the particle spreader is used for enabling the interference particles to freely fall and uniformly disperse on a blank template to prepare a test template;
(9) Repeating the steps (7) and (8), and sequentially manufacturing a plurality of test templates;
(10) Placing a first test template on a first support frame, stacking a second support frame on the first support frame, placing a second test template on the second support frame, and so on to form a three-dimensional test structure with interference particle shielding;
(11) Repeating the steps (2) - (5);
(12) The infrared shielding rate of the interference particles is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein eta represents the infrared shielding rate of the interference particles, T O 、T′ O Mean equivalent blackbody temperatures of points with coordinates (x, y) on infrared radiation sources before and after interference particle shielding on a thermal infrared imager are respectively represented by T B 、T′ B Respectively representing the average equivalent blackbody temperatures of points with coordinates (x ', y') on the background of the infrared radiation source before and after shielding by the interference particles on the thermal infrared imager,respectively representing the radiant exitance of the target and the background with corresponding average equivalent blackbody temperature in the 7.5-13 μm wave band.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the technical scheme, the method and the device realize that the interference particles are uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional space of a certain optical path by stacking the test templates by adopting the support frame, and can better simulate the distribution state of the interference particles in the three-dimensional space under the simple test condition, thereby overcoming the defects that limited particles can only be distributed in a two-dimensional plane and the test error is large when a two-dimensional static test device is used, overcoming the defects of huge volume, large sample consumption and complex operation of the traditional smoke screen box experiment system, and ensuring that the test of the infrared shielding rate of the particles becomes simple and convenient and the accuracy is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the components of the device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the interference particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static testing device comprises a particle spreader 1, a plurality of blank templates 2, a plurality of square frames 4 with four-leg supports, an infrared radiation source 5 and a thermal infrared imager 6, wherein the square frames are the same in size.
The square frame 4 with the four-leg support has a side length of a, the height of the four-leg support is h, and the square frame is made of polymer or metal and can be stacked.
The blank template 2 is composed of an infrared transparent substrate and a rigid ring for fixing the edge of the infrared transparent substrate, wherein the infrared transparent substrate is a high polymer film which is high in infrared radiation transmission, and the adhesiveness is good. The rigid ring can be made of polymer or metal, and the value of the inner diameter d of the rigid ring meets the formula (2):
the particle spreader 1 is a container with uniformly perforated bottom, the shape of the holes depends on the shape of the interfering particles to be measured, and the characteristic size of the holes is slightly larger than that of the interfering particles to be measured. The mechanical vibration of the particle spreader 1 causes the interference particles to fall freely and uniformly disperse on a blank template 2, thereby forming a test template 3.
The infrared radiation source 5 is a constant temperature target, which can be a constant temperature black body or a constant temperature heat source.
The thermal infrared imager 6 should be able to display the radiation temperature at a selected point in the thermal image.
A testing method of a particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static testing device comprises the following steps:
s1, placing a first blank template 2 on a first square frame 4 with a four-pin support, stacking a second square frame 4 with the four-pin support on the first square frame 4 with the four-pin support in a four-pin aligned mode, and then placing the second blank template 2 on the second square frame 4 with the four-pin support, and stacking sequentially according to the operation to form a three-dimensional testing structure without shielding of interference particles.
S2, placing the infrared radiation source 5 in a test light path below the first square frame 4 with the four-leg support, and keeping the position unchanged.
S3, placing the thermal infrared imager 6 above the last square frame 4 with the four-leg support by using a tripod, and adjusting the position of the thermal infrared imager 6 so that the infrared radiation source 5 and the background thereof are in the view field of the thermal infrared imager 6.
S4, reading the equivalent blackbody temperature of the infrared radiation source 5 and the background thereof from the thermal infrared imager 6.
S5, in order to improve the test precision, the position of the infrared radiation source 5 is changed for a plurality of times, the steps S3 and S4 are repeated, and the average equivalent blackbody temperature of the infrared radiation source 5 and the background thereof is obtained through calculation;
s6, disassembling the three-dimensional testing structure without interference particle shielding, and restoring the three-dimensional testing structure into an independent blank template 2 and a square frame 4 with a four-leg bracket.
S7, weighing interfering particles with mass of M+/-0.1 mg, and loading the interfering particles into the particle spreader 1.
S8, enabling the interference particles to freely fall by means of mechanical vibration of the particle spreader 1, uniformly dispersing the interference particles on a blank template 2, and preparing a distribution surface density of the interference particles to be 4M/pi d 2 A test template 3 of (a);
s9, repeating the steps S7 and S8, and sequentially manufacturing a plurality of test templates 3;
s10, placing a first test template 3 on the first square frame 4 with the four-leg support, stacking a second square frame 4 with the four-leg support on the first square frame 4 with the four-leg support, and then placing a second test template 3 on the second square frame 4 with the four-leg support, and stacking sequentially according to the operation, so as to form a three-dimensional stereo test structure with interference particle shielding.
S11, repeating the steps S2 to S5;
s12, calculating to obtain the infrared shielding rate of the interference particles by adopting the following formula (3):
wherein eta represents the infrared shielding rate of the interfering particles, T O 、T′ O Mean equivalent blackbody temperatures on the thermal infrared imager 6 of points with coordinates (x, y) on the infrared radiation source 5 before and after interference particle shielding, T B 、T′ B The average equivalent blackbody temperatures of points with coordinates (x ', y') on the background of the infrared radiation source 5 before and after the interference particle shielding are shown on the thermal infrared imager 6, respectively representing the radiation emergent degrees of the target and the background with the corresponding average equivalent blackbody temperature in the wave band of 7.5-13 mu m.
Example 1
200+/-0.1 mg of interference particles A are weighed and put into a particle spreader 1; the interfering particles A were allowed to fall freely and uniformly dispersed on five blank plates 2 having a diameter of 25cm by mechanical vibration of the particle dispenser 1 to prepare a particle dispenser having a particle size of 4.0746g/m 2 A test template 3 for disturbing the surface density distribution of particles; the test panel 3 is placed on a square frame 4 with four-legged support.
And repeatedly manufacturing second to fifth test templates 3, aligning the square frame 4 with the second four-pin support with the square frame 4 with the first four-pin support in sequence, stacking the second test template 3 on the square frame 4 with the first four-pin support, and repeating the above operation to form a three-dimensional test structure shown in figure 2.
Placing an infrared radiation source 5 in a test light path below a first square frame 4 with a four-leg bracket; the thermal infrared imager 6 is fixed using a tripod so that the infrared radiation source 5 and its background are within the field of view of the thermal infrared imager 6.
The temperature of the infrared radiation source 5 and its background when the blank template 2 and the test template 3 are placed are read separately. The position of the infrared radiation source 5 is changed three times, the average value of the corresponding temperature is obtained by a method of averaging through multiple tests, and finally the infrared shielding rate of the interference particles A is obtained through a formula (3), and the result is shown in a table 1.
Example 2
200.+ -. 0.1mg of interference particle B was weighed, and the test and calculation steps in example 1 were repeated to obtain the infrared shielding rate test results of interference particle B, as shown in Table 1.
Example 3
200.+ -. 0.1mg of interference particles C were weighed, and the test and calculation procedures in example 1 were repeated to obtain the infrared shielding rate test results of interference particles C, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of the ir shielding effectiveness test of interference particles of various embodiments
＊ Note that: when a blank template is placed, T O ＝50.6℃，T B ＝19.1℃，/>From the above, the invention realizes the static test of the three-dimensional space distribution and the shielding rate of the interference particles by designing the laminated three-dimensional static test device. The invention has the advantages of simple and easy planar static test method and less sample consumption, can simulate the three-dimensional distribution condition of the interference particles in the smoke screen box dynamic test system, can avoid errors of the two-dimensional static test on the test result caused by the particle distribution state difference as far as possible, and can objectively reflect the real shielding performance of the particles.
Meanwhile, the invention solves the problems that the two-dimensional static testing device has the requirement on the adhesion of the substrate and the surface density of the interference particles is limited by the adhesion amount of the interference particles, and the mass concentration of a small amount of samples in a large smoke screen box is too low and the testing result is inaccurate.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional static testing arrangement of interference particle infrared shielding rate which characterized in that: the device comprises a particle spreader, an infrared radiation source, a thermal infrared imager, a plurality of bracket frames and a plurality of blank templates; the blank template consists of an infrared transparent substrate and a rigid circular ring for fixing the edge of the infrared transparent substrate; the particle spreader is used for uniformly dispersing the interference particles on the blank sample plate to manufacture a test sample plate; the number of the bracket frames is the same as that of the blank templates, and the bracket frames are used for placing the blank templates in one-to-one correspondence when no interference particles are shielded, and are also used for placing the test templates in one-to-one correspondence when the interference particles are shielded, and are sequentially stacked to form a three-dimensional test structure; the infrared radiation source is arranged below the three-dimensional testing structure; the thermal infrared imager is arranged above the three-dimensional testing structure and is used for collecting equivalent blackbody temperatures of the infrared radiation source and the background of the infrared radiation source before and after interference particle shielding;
the support frame is a square frame with four-leg supports, and the side length of the square frame with the four-leg supports and the inner diameter of the rigid ring meet the following relation:
wherein a represents the side length of a square frame with a four-leg bracket, and d represents the inner diameter of a rigid circular ring;
the infrared radiation source is a constant temperature black body or a constant temperature heat source.
2. The method for testing the interference particle infrared shielding rate three-dimensional static testing device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing a first blank template on a first support frame, stacking a second support frame on the first support frame, placing a second blank template on the second support frame, and so on to form a three-dimensional testing structure without interference particle shielding;
(2) Placing an infrared radiation source below the first bracket frame and keeping the position unchanged;
(3) Placing the thermal infrared imager above the last bracket frame, and adjusting the position of the thermal infrared imager so that the infrared radiation source and the background thereof are in the view field of the thermal infrared imager;
(4) Reading the equivalent blackbody temperature of the infrared radiation source and the background thereof from the thermal infrared imager;
(5) Transforming the position of the infrared radiation source for a plurality of times, repeating the steps (3) and (4), and calculating to obtain the average equivalent blackbody temperature of the infrared radiation source and the background thereof;
(6) Disassembling the three-dimensional testing structure without interference particle shielding, and restoring the three-dimensional testing structure into an independent blank template and a bracket frame;
(7) Weighing interference particles with certain mass, and loading the interference particles into a particle spreader;
(8) The mechanical vibration of the particle spreader is used for enabling the interference particles to freely fall and uniformly disperse on a blank template to prepare a test template;
(9) Repeating the steps (7) and (8), and sequentially manufacturing a plurality of test templates;
(10) Placing a first test template on a first support frame, stacking a second support frame on the first support frame, placing a second test template on the second support frame, and so on to form a three-dimensional test structure with interference particle shielding;
(11) Repeating the steps (2) - (5);
(12) The infrared shielding rate of the interference particles is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein eta represents the infrared shielding rate of the interference particles, T O 、T′ O Mean equivalent blackbody temperatures of points with coordinates (x, y) on infrared radiation sources before and after interference particle shielding on a thermal infrared imager are respectively represented by T B 、T′ B Respectively representing the average equivalent blackbody temperatures of points with coordinates (x ', y') on the background of the infrared radiation source before and after shielding by the interference particles on the thermal infrared imager,respectively representing the radiant exitance of the target and the background with corresponding average equivalent blackbody temperature in the 7.5-13 μm wave band.
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