CN106644878B - Multi-layer soil infiltration amount measurement system, method and construction method - Google Patents
Multi-layer soil infiltration amount measurement system, method and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644878B CN106644878B CN201610908942.9A CN201610908942A CN106644878B CN 106644878 B CN106644878 B CN 106644878B CN 201610908942 A CN201610908942 A CN 201610908942A CN 106644878 B CN106644878 B CN 106644878B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring system, a measuring method and a construction method for water infiltration quantity of multi-layer soil, wherein the system comprises a porous honeycomb tube longitudinally arranged in the soil and water collecting devices buried in different layers of the soil; the top and the bottom of the water collecting device are both soil in a natural state, the outer side pipelines of the porous honeycomb pipes are respectively provided with interfaces, the water outlet pipes of each water collecting device are respectively connected to each interface, and the trend of the water outlet pipes is from high to low; the bottom end of the porous honeycomb tube is sealed, the top end of the porous honeycomb tube is open and is higher than the ground, and the top of the water collecting device is in close contact with soil. The invention is not limited to specific conditions, can be suitable for any geographic environment or lithologic conditions, and has good universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring system, in particular to a measuring system, a measuring method and a construction method for multi-level soil water infiltration. Belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and geology.
Background
With the dramatic increase in population, the problem of water resource shortage becomes more and more serious, which has become a global problem. The precipitation infiltration is researched, so that the infiltration efficiency of rainwater is improved, the precipitation infiltration is an important way for fully utilizing rain and flood resources and increasing the underground water supply, the water resource crisis can be relieved, the human living environment is protected, and the social and economic development is promoted. In order to achieve the above object, the first key step is to measure the precipitation infiltration amount in the soil, but the technology which is relatively mature now is only focused on the monitoring of the groundwater level, and the research on the precipitation infiltration amount of the unsaturated zone is very limited.
From the ground surface to the ground water level, the soil pores contain a certain amount of air, and the soil moisture is always in an unsaturated state, so that the soil moisture is called an unsaturated zone. The thickness of the unsaturated zone varies greatly with the depth of the groundwater level, from a few meters in shallow groundwater to tens or even hundreds of meters in deep groundwater. Meanwhile, the thickness of the unsaturated zone at the same place can also change along with the lifting of the groundwater level. Obviously, the overall thickness of the unsaturated zone and the moisture content of soil layers of different depths is a constantly changing process.
The presently disclosed method for determining the infiltration amount of rainfall in the soil in the field is not mature, either the natural state is destroyed, or the method is only suitable for certain specific geographic environments or lithology conditions and has no universality. For example, it is difficult to record the parameters of the infiltration process (duration, intensity, total amount, etc.) only for a certain period of time; moreover, it is often not possible to measure the infiltration of soil deeper below the ground.
Therefore, the method has very important significance in realizing continuous monitoring of the variation of the infiltration water quantity of the soil layers with different depths in the unsaturated zone on the premise of not damaging the original state of the soil, and the measurement result can reflect the real situation of continuous variation of the infiltration water quantity of the soil in the wild natural state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a measuring system for the infiltration amount of multi-layer soil.
The invention also provides a corresponding measuring method of the measuring system for the infiltration amount of the multi-level soil and a construction method of the measuring system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a measuring system for the infiltration amount of multi-layer soil comprises a porous honeycomb tube longitudinally arranged in the soil and water collecting devices buried in different layers of the soil; the top and the bottom of the water collecting device are both soil in a natural state, the outer side pipelines of the porous honeycomb pipes are respectively provided with interfaces, the water outlet pipes of each water collecting device are respectively connected to each interface, and the trend of the water outlet pipes is from high to low; the bottom end of the porous honeycomb tube is sealed, the top end of the porous honeycomb tube is open and is higher than the ground, and the top of the water collecting device is in close contact with soil.
Preferably, each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe is immersed with a siphon pipe, and the siphon pipe is connected to a peristaltic pump.
Preferably, the water collecting device comprises a collecting funnel, a supporting layer and a water permeable filter layer are sequentially covered at the top opening of the collecting funnel, the upper part of the water permeable filter layer is in close contact with soil, and the bottom opening of the collecting funnel is connected to each interface through a water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the funnel body of the collecting funnel is arranged on a bracket, and the bracket is fixed in the bottom soil.
Preferably, the supporting layer is a net-shaped structural support, and the water permeability filter layer is gauze or geotextile.
Further preferably, the supporting layer is a net-shaped structural support made of stainless steel.
A measuring method of the infiltration amount of multi-layer soil comprises the following steps:
(1) The water in the soil at the top of each water collecting device sequentially passes through the water permeability filter layer and the supporting layer, enters the collecting hopper, is connected with each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe through the water outlet pipe, and marks the corresponding relation between the water collecting device and each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe;
(2) The siphon connected with peristaltic pump is used to suck out water in each pipeline, and the water seepage amount is measured by a measuring cup and can be sent to a laboratory for water quality detection if the test is needed.
The construction method of the measuring system for the infiltration amount of the multi-layer soil comprises the following steps:
(A) A first construction well and a second construction well are respectively vertically dug, a first water collecting device is arranged on the side face of the second construction well according to the depth required to be detected, the second construction well is backfilled, and a water outlet pipe of the second construction well is led out to the first construction well;
(B) Installing other water collecting devices according to the method of the step (A), and marking the water outlet pipes of all the water collecting devices;
(C) Placing a porous honeycomb pipe in the first construction well, and then respectively connecting the water outlet pipes led out in the step (A) and the step (B) to the interfaces of the porous honeycomb pipe, wherein the corresponding relations are marked one by one.
Preferably, each of the water collecting devices in the steps (a) and (B) is installed to ensure that the water permeable filter layer is in close contact with soil on the upper portion thereof.
The other construction method comprises the following steps:
(a) A third construction well is vertically dug, the first water collecting device is placed in the third construction well and fixedly installed, the dug soil is used for backfilling the third construction well, a water outlet pipe of the third construction well is led out, and the backfilled soil can be regarded as undisturbed soil after being manually tamped or naturally compacted for a period of time, so that precipitation infiltration amount measurement is carried out;
(b) Installing other water collecting devices according to the method of the step (a), and respectively connecting water outlet pipes of the water collecting devices to interfaces of the porous honeycomb pipes, wherein the corresponding relations are marked one by one.
Preferably, each of the water collecting devices in the steps (a) and (b) is installed to ensure that the water permeable filter layer is in close contact with soil on the upper portion thereof.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the measuring system, the water collecting devices can be arranged at multiple levels according to the monitoring requirement, and then the water collected by each water collecting device is respectively drained into each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe through the water outlet pipe, so that water in each pipeline can be conveniently sucked out through the siphon pipe connected with the peristaltic pump for water quantity measurement or water quality detection, and the porous honeycomb pipe and the water collecting devices can be buried in soil for a long time without taking out. The porous honeycomb tube can be divided into 2-7 holes, so that the infiltration amount of soil at 2-7 different layers can be measured by only installing one porous honeycomb tube.
When in construction, the side digging is utilized to place the water collecting device, or the digging is utilized to dig the construction well to install the water collecting device, the dug soil is utilized to backfill, the soil is basically maintained to be the original state after being manually tamped or naturally compacted for a period of time, and the measuring result reflects the change of the rainfall infiltration quantity in the soil in a natural state. The invention can realize simultaneous, multi-layer and long-term monitoring. The invention is not limited to specific conditions, can be suitable for any geographic environment or lithologic conditions, and has good universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a porous honeycomb tube;
wherein, 1 is porous honeycomb pipe, 2 is soil, 3 is the interface, 4 is the funnel that gathers, 5 is the outlet pipe, 6 is the support, 7 is the supporting layer, 8 is the water permeability filter layer, 9 is the joint.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated in the following figures and examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring system of the multi-level soil infiltration amount of the invention comprises a porous honeycomb tube 1 longitudinally arranged in soil 2 and water collecting devices buried in different levels of the soil 2; the top and the bottom of the water collecting device are both soil 2 in a natural state, the outer side pipelines of the porous honeycomb pipes 1 are respectively provided with interfaces 3, the water outlet pipes 5 of each water collecting device are respectively connected to each interface 3 (the water outlet pipes 5 are connected with the interfaces 3 through connectors 9), and the trend of the water outlet pipes 5 is from high to low; wherein, the bottom of porous honeycomb tube 1 is sealed, and the top is open and exceeds ground, and water collector's top and soil 2 in close contact.
Wherein, each pipeline of the porous honeycomb tube 1 is immersed with a siphon tube which is connected to a peristaltic pump.
The water collecting device comprises a collecting funnel 4, a supporting layer 7 and a water permeable filter layer 8 are sequentially covered at the top opening of the collecting funnel 4, the upper portion of the water permeable filter layer 8 is in close contact with soil 2, and the bottom opening of the collecting funnel 4 is connected to each connector 3 through a water outlet pipe 5.
The funnel body of the collecting funnel 4 is arranged on a bracket 6, and the bracket 6 is fixed in the bottom soil 2.
The supporting layer 7 is a net-shaped structural support made of stainless steel, and the water permeability filtering layer 8 is gauze.
A measuring method of the infiltration amount of multi-layer soil comprises the following steps:
(1) The water in the soil 2 at the top of each water collecting device sequentially passes through the water permeability filter layer 8 and the supporting layer 7, enters the collecting funnel 4, is connected to each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe 1 through the water outlet pipe 5, and marks the corresponding relation between the water collecting device and each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe 1;
(2) The siphon connected with peristaltic pump is used to suck out water in each pipeline, and the water seepage amount is measured by a measuring cup and can be sent to a laboratory for water quality detection if the test is needed.
The construction method of the measuring system for the infiltration amount of the multi-layer soil comprises the following steps:
(A) A first construction well and a second construction well are respectively vertically dug, a first water collecting device is arranged on the side face of the second construction well according to the depth required to be detected, the second construction well is backfilled, and a water outlet pipe 5 of the second construction well is led out to the first construction well;
(B) Installing other water collecting devices according to the method of the step (A), and marking the water outlet pipes 5 of the water collecting devices;
(C) Placing a porous honeycomb tube 1 in the first construction well, and then respectively connecting the water outlet pipes 5 led out in the steps (A) and (B) to the interfaces 3 of the porous honeycomb tube 1, wherein the corresponding relations are marked one by one.
Preferably, each water collecting device in the steps (a) and (B) is installed to ensure that the water permeable filter layer 8 is in close contact with the soil 2 on the upper portion thereof.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring system of the multi-level soil infiltration amount of the invention comprises a porous honeycomb tube 1 longitudinally arranged in soil 2 and water collecting devices buried in different levels of the soil 2; the top and the bottom of the water collecting device are both soil 2 in a natural state, the outer side pipelines of the porous honeycomb pipes 1 are respectively provided with interfaces 3, the water outlet pipes 5 of each water collecting device are respectively connected to each interface 3 (the water outlet pipes 5 are connected with the interfaces 3 through connectors 9), and the trend of the water outlet pipes 5 is from high to low; wherein, the bottom of porous honeycomb tube 1 is sealed, and the top is open and exceeds ground, and water collector's top and soil 2 in close contact.
Wherein, each pipeline of the porous honeycomb tube 1 is immersed with a siphon tube which is connected to a peristaltic pump.
The water collecting device comprises a collecting funnel 4, a supporting layer 7 and a water permeable filter layer 8 are sequentially covered at the top opening of the collecting funnel 4, the upper portion of the water permeable filter layer 8 is in close contact with soil 2, and the bottom opening of the collecting funnel 4 is connected to each connector 3 through a water outlet pipe 5.
The funnel body of the collecting funnel 4 is arranged on a bracket 6, and the bracket 6 is fixed in the bottom soil 2.
The supporting layer 7 is a net-shaped structural support made of stainless steel, and the water permeability filtering layer 8 is geotechnical cloth.
A measuring method of the infiltration amount of multi-layer soil comprises the following steps:
(1) The water in the soil 2 at the top of each water collecting device sequentially passes through the water permeability filter layer 8 and the supporting layer 7, enters the collecting funnel 4, is connected to each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe 1 through the water outlet pipe 5, and marks the corresponding relation between the water collecting device and each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe 1;
(2) The siphon connected with peristaltic pump is used to suck out water in each pipeline, and the water seepage amount is measured by a measuring cup and can be sent to a laboratory for water quality detection if the test is needed.
The construction method of the measuring system for the infiltration amount of the multi-layer soil comprises the following steps:
(a) A third construction well is vertically dug, the first water collecting device is placed in the third construction well and fixedly installed, the dug soil 2 is used for backfilling the third construction well, a water outlet pipe 5 of the third construction well is led out, and the backfilled soil 2 can be regarded as undisturbed soil after being manually tamped or naturally compacted for a period of time, so that precipitation infiltration amount measurement is carried out;
(b) Installing other water collecting devices according to the method of the step (a), and respectively connecting water outlet pipes 5 of the water collecting devices to the interfaces 3 of the porous honeycomb tubes 1, wherein the corresponding relations are marked one by one.
Preferably, each water collecting device in the steps (a) and (b) is installed to ensure that the water permeable filter layer 8 is in close contact with the soil 2 on the upper portion thereof.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented with reference to the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, various modifications or variations can be made by those skilled in the art without the need of inventive effort on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The construction method of the multi-level soil infiltration amount measurement system is characterized in that the multi-level soil infiltration amount measurement system comprises a porous honeycomb tube longitudinally arranged in soil and water collecting devices buried in different layers of the soil; the top and the bottom of the water collecting device are both soil in a natural state, the outer side pipelines of the porous honeycomb pipes are respectively provided with interfaces, the water outlet pipes of each water collecting device are respectively connected to each interface, and the trend of the water outlet pipes is from high to low; the bottom end of the porous honeycomb tube is sealed, the top end of the porous honeycomb tube is open and is higher than the ground, and the top of the water collecting device is in close contact with soil; each pipeline of the porous honeycomb pipe is immersed with a siphon pipe which is connected to a peristaltic pump; the water collecting device comprises a collecting funnel, a supporting layer and a water permeable filter layer are sequentially covered at the top opening of the collecting funnel, the upper part of the water permeable filter layer is in close contact with soil, and the bottom opening of the collecting funnel is connected to each interface through a water outlet pipe; the funnel body of the collecting funnel is arranged on a bracket, and the bracket is fixed in the bottom soil; the supporting layer is a net-shaped structural support, and the water permeability filtering layer is gauze or geotextile;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
(A) A first construction well and a second construction well are respectively vertically dug, a first water collecting device is arranged on the side face of the second construction well according to the depth required to be detected, the second construction well is backfilled, and a water outlet pipe of the second construction well is led out to the first construction well;
(B) Installing other water collecting devices according to the method of the step (A), and marking the water outlet pipes of all the water collecting devices;
(C) Placing a porous honeycomb pipe in the first construction well, and then respectively connecting the water outlet pipes led out in the step (A) and the step (B) to the interfaces of the porous honeycomb pipe, wherein the corresponding relations are marked one by one;
or (b)
The construction method comprises the following steps:
(a) A third construction well is vertically dug, the first water collecting device is placed in the third construction well and fixedly installed, the dug soil is used for backfilling the third construction well, a water outlet pipe of the third construction well is led out, and the backfilled soil can be regarded as undisturbed soil after being manually tamped or naturally compacted for a period of time, so that precipitation infiltration amount measurement is carried out;
(b) Installing other water collecting devices according to the method of the step (a), and respectively connecting water outlet pipes of the water collecting devices to interfaces of the porous honeycomb pipes, wherein the corresponding relations are marked one by one.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201503432U (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2010-06-09 | 长江水利委员会长江勘测规划设计研究院 | Soil infiltration measuring apparatus |
| CN103884635A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 宁夏大学 | Vertical saturation and non-saturation earth pillar infiltration testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN203772698U (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-13 | 宁夏大学 | Perpendicular saturated and unsaturated earth pillar infiltration testing device |
| CN104568693A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-29 | 北京林业大学 | Indoor soil infiltration rate measuring device and method |
| TWM529166U (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-21 | 國立臺灣海洋大學 | Composite soil monitoring system |
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2016
- 2016-10-19 CN CN201610908942.9A patent/CN106644878B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201503432U (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2010-06-09 | 长江水利委员会长江勘测规划设计研究院 | Soil infiltration measuring apparatus |
| CN103884635A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 宁夏大学 | Vertical saturation and non-saturation earth pillar infiltration testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN203772698U (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-13 | 宁夏大学 | Perpendicular saturated and unsaturated earth pillar infiltration testing device |
| CN104568693A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-29 | 北京林业大学 | Indoor soil infiltration rate measuring device and method |
| TWM529166U (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-21 | 國立臺灣海洋大學 | Composite soil monitoring system |
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