CN106642789B - Heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and seasonal soil energy storage - Google Patents

Heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and seasonal soil energy storage Download PDF

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CN106642789B
CN106642789B CN201611074701.5A CN201611074701A CN106642789B CN 106642789 B CN106642789 B CN 106642789B CN 201611074701 A CN201611074701 A CN 201611074701A CN 106642789 B CN106642789 B CN 106642789B
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heat
electromagnetic valve
heat source
source tower
heat exchanger
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CN106642789A (en
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梁彩华
黄世芳
张小松
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T2010/50—Component parts, details or accessories
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and soil seasonal energy storage. In the direct supply mode in summer and winter, the invention directly utilizes the buried pipe to supply the cold or heat stored in the soil to users; in a conventional mode in summer or winter, the heat source tower is used as a heat removal device for condensation heat of the heat pump unit or provides a low-level heat source for the evaporator; in summer or winter peak regulation mode, the heat source tower is connected with the buried pipe in series to be used as a heat discharging device of condensation heat of a heat pump unit or to provide a low-level heat source for an evaporator; in the heat storage mode in transition seasons in summer and autumn, the buried pipe stores the condensation heat and solar energy of the unit in soil. The invention solves the problems of overlarge installed capacity and increased initial investment of the heat source tower heat pump system unit, and the heat pump unit does not need to be started in winter and summer, thereby greatly improving the system energy efficiency and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit.

Description

Heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and seasonal soil energy storage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design and manufacture of refrigeration air-conditioning systems, and relates to a heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and cross-season soil energy storage.
Background
The traditional construction cold and heat source scheme mainly has three kinds: the water chilling unit is provided with a boiler, an air source heat pump and a water source heat pump. The scheme of adding the boiler to the water chilling unit has the problems of equipment idling (the boiler is idle in summer and the water chilling unit is limited in winter), and the boiler has low utilization rate of primary energy and pollutes the environment; when the air source heat pump is frosted during heating operation in winter, the efficiency and the heat supply capacity of the air source heat pump are seriously attenuated, the operation safety is influenced, and the refrigerating efficiency of a unit in summer is far lower than that of a water-cooling water chilling unit; although the water-ground source heat pump has high refrigerating and heating efficiency in winter and summer, the water-ground source heat pump is severely limited by geographical geological conditions and has high initial investment. As a novel cold and heat source scheme of a building, the heat source tower heat pump system breaks through the limitation of the traditional cold and heat source scheme, realizes dual purposes in winter and summer, has double high efficiency of refrigeration and heating, has no frosting problem in winter heating, is not limited by geographical geological conditions, has far lower initial investment than a water source heat pump, and is a cold and heat source scheme of the building with development prospect.
The conventional building air conditioning system is designed and selected according to the maximum building load under the worst working condition, so that the installed capacity of the conventional heat pump unit is too large, the initial investment is increased, the same problem also exists for the heat source tower heat pump unit, meanwhile, when the outdoor temperature is lower in winter, the building heat supply load demand is obviously increased, the heat supply capacity and efficiency of the heat source tower heat pump unit are reduced along with the reduction of the air temperature, the solution concentration regeneration problem caused by the fact that moisture in the air enters the solution also exists when the heat source tower heat pump unit operates in winter, the solution regeneration usually needs to consume extra energy, and further the comprehensive efficiency of the system is influenced. Meanwhile, the air conditioner is combined with renewable energy sources such as solar energy and the like, and is an effective way for reducing building energy requirements and improving the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system. Therefore, how to reduce the total installed capacity of the building air conditioning unit under the worst working condition, efficiently solve the problem of heat source of solution regeneration of the heat source tower heat pump unit, effectively combine renewable energy sources, improve the annual comprehensive energy efficiency of the heat source tower heat pump air conditioning system, and design a novel efficient heat source tower heat pump system becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention provides a heat source tower heat pump system which solves the problems that the installed capacity of a heat pump is too large due to the worst working condition of the heat source tower heat pump system and the system performance is rapidly attenuated along with the temperature reduction of the operating environment, and simultaneously efficiently solves the problem of the solution regeneration heat source of a unit, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal soil energy storage. The system introduces solar energy into the heat pump air conditioning system to realize efficient utilization and utilize soil to store energy in a cross-season manner, thereby realizing comprehensive high energy efficiency all the year round.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and soil seasonal energy storage. The refrigerant loop comprises a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid storage device, a filter, an expansion valve, a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve, a fourth check valve, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. In a refrigerant loop, the output end of a compressor is connected with the first input end of a four-way reversing valve, the first output end of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the refrigerant side input end of a second heat exchanger, the refrigerant side output end of the second heat exchanger is simultaneously connected with the inlet of a second one-way valve and the outlet of a fourth one-way valve, the outlet of the second one-way valve is connected with the inlet of a liquid storage device after being converged with the outlet of the first one-way valve, the inlet of the fourth one-way valve is simultaneously connected with the inlet of a third one-way valve and the outlet of an expansion valve, a filter is connected and arranged between the liquid storage device and the expansion valve, the inlet of the first one-way valve and the outlet of the third one-way valve are both connected with the refrigerant side input end of the first heat exchanger, the refrigerant side output end of the first heat exchanger is connected with the second input end of the four-way reversing valve, the second output end of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor, the first heat exchanger is a component of a cold and hot water loop at the same time, and the second heat exchanger is a component of a heat source tower loop and a soil energy storage loop at the same time;
the heat source tower loop comprises a second heat exchanger, a heat source tower, a first pump, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve. In the heat source tower loop, the solution side output end of a second heat exchanger is respectively connected with the first input end of the heat source tower and the third input end of the heat source tower through a second electromagnetic valve, the first output end of the heat source tower is connected with the inlet of a first pump through a first electromagnetic valve, and the outlet of the first pump is connected with the solution side input end of the second heat exchanger;
the soil energy storage loop comprises a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a buried pipe, a second pump, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve and a tenth electromagnetic valve. In the soil energy storage loop, the solution side output end of a second heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of a second pump through a third electromagnetic valve, the first output end of a heat source tower is also connected with the inlet of the second pump through a fourth electromagnetic valve, the solution side output end of the third heat exchanger is also connected with the inlet of the second pump through a seventh electromagnetic valve, the outlet of the second pump is connected with the inlet of an underground pipe, the outlet of the underground pipe is connected with the solution side input end of the second heat exchanger through a sixth electromagnetic valve, the outlet of the underground pipe is simultaneously connected with the solution side input end of the third heat exchanger through a tenth electromagnetic valve, the buried pipe and the second pump are components of the solar energy storage loop and the solution regeneration loop at the same time, the fourth electromagnetic valve is a component of the solution regeneration loop, the seventh electromagnetic valve is a component of the solar energy storage loop, and the third heat exchanger is a component of the cold and hot water loop;
the solar energy storage loop comprises a buried pipe, a solar heat collection plate, a second pump, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve and a thirteenth electromagnetic valve. In the solar energy storage loop, an outlet of a buried pipe is connected with an inlet of a solar heat collecting plate through a fifth electromagnetic valve, and is also connected with an outlet of the solar heat collecting plate and an output end of a solution side of a third heat exchanger through a thirteenth electromagnetic valve, and then the seventh electromagnetic valve is connected with an inlet of a second pump together, and the solar heat collecting plate, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the thirteenth electromagnetic valve are all components of a solution regeneration loop;
the solution regeneration loop comprises a buried pipe, a solar heat collection plate, a regeneration device, a second pump, a third pump, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, an eighth electromagnetic valve, a ninth electromagnetic valve and a thirteenth electromagnetic valve. In the solution regeneration loop, the outlet of the solar heat collection plate is divided into one path before being connected with the seventh electromagnetic valve, the path is connected with the inlet of the regeneration device through the eighth electromagnetic valve, the outlet of the regeneration device is connected with the inlet of the third pump through the ninth electromagnetic valve, and the outlet of the third pump is connected with the second input end of the heat source tower.
The cold and hot water loop comprises a first heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, an eleventh electromagnetic valve and a twelfth electromagnetic valve. In the cold and hot water loop, the water return end of the unit is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the water side input end of the first heat exchanger through a twelfth electromagnetic valve, the other path is connected with the water side input end of the third heat exchanger through an eleventh electromagnetic valve, and the water side output end of the first heat exchanger and the water side output end of the third heat exchanger are both connected with the water supply end of the unit.
Furthermore, in the system, the heat source tower is independently used as a heat discharging device of condensation heat of the heat pump system when outdoor wet bulb temperature is lower than a set value in summer, and provides a low-level heat source for an evaporator of the heat pump system when outdoor dry bulb temperature is higher than the set value in winter.
Furthermore, in the system, the heat source tower and the buried pipe are connected in series to operate when the outdoor wet bulb temperature is higher than a set value in summer and are jointly used as a heat discharging device for the condensation heat in summer of the heat pump system, and are also connected in series to operate when the outdoor dry bulb temperature is lower than the set value in winter, so that a low-level heat source is jointly provided for an evaporator of the heat pump system.
Furthermore, in the system, the heat source tower stops working at the end of summer, the buried pipe is used as a heat discharging device for the condensation heat of the unit, and the condensation heat in the second heat exchanger is stored in the soil.
Furthermore, in the system, the solar heat collecting plate operates independently when the unit stops in transition seasons, solar energy is stored in soil, and cross-season high-temperature energy storage by utilizing the soil is realized.
Furthermore, in the system, the ground pipe directly supplies cold to users through the third heat exchanger when the temperature of the ground pipe is lower than a set value after the heat exchange between the circulating medium and the soil in the ground pipe in summer, and directly supplies heat to the users through the third heat exchanger when the temperature of the ground pipe is higher than the set value after the heat exchange between the circulating medium and the soil in winter.
Furthermore, in the system, the buried pipe and the solar heat collecting plate are connected in series to operate in a winter conventional mode and a peak regulation mode, and a heat source is provided for solution regeneration in the regeneration device together.
Furthermore, in the system, the distance between the buried pipes is less than 2 meters.
Furthermore, the system comprises at least one heat source tower heat pump unit and at least one heat source tower.
Furthermore, in the system of the invention, the heat source tower is a heat exchange device of air and solution fluid, in particular to a cross flow type heat source tower or a counter flow type heat source tower.
Furthermore, the system of the invention can also be applied to a heat source tower heat pump system consisting of more than one heat source tower heat pump unit.
The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil has five summer refrigeration operation modes: a summer direct supply mode, a summer conventional mode, a summer peak regulation mode, a summer heat storage mode and a transition season heat storage mode.
Summer direct supply mode: the cold load of a common building in the early summer is low, the unit stores cold energy in soil through the evaporator in the winter, so that the temperature of the soil in the underground pipe area is low, the cold energy stored in the soil can be directly output to a user side through the third heat exchanger after heat exchange is carried out on the circulating medium and the soil, the cold load requirement of the building can be met under the condition that the heat pump unit is not started, the running time of the unit is reduced, and the annual efficiency of the system is improved. At this time, the seventh solenoid valve, the tenth solenoid valve, and the eleventh solenoid valve are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the second pump is opened, and the remaining pumps are closed. Circulating media in the soil energy storage loop are pumped into the buried pipe by the second pump, enter the third heat exchanger through the tenth electromagnetic valve after the temperature of the circulating media exchanges heat with soil in the buried pipe is reduced, exchange heat with user side return water in the third heat exchanger, then are heated, and are sucked by the second pump through the seventh electromagnetic valve to complete circulation. In the cold and hot water loop, the chilled water at the user side enters the third heat exchanger from the water return end of the unit through the eleventh electromagnetic valve, flows out from the water supply end of the unit after the temperature of the chilled water is reduced by heat exchange with the circulating medium in the third heat exchanger, and is supplied to the user side, and other loops of the unit do not work.
Summer normal mode: when the cold load of a building in summer is continuously increased along with the rise of outdoor temperature, the summer direct supply mode is difficult to meet the requirement of the cold load of the building, but the outdoor wet bulb temperature is lower than a set value at the moment, and the heat dissipation capacity of the heat source tower can meet the heat dissipation requirement of a condenser of a unit, the mode is operated. At the moment, the soil energy storage loop, the solar energy storage loop and the solution regeneration loop stop running, namely, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve in the heat source tower loop are opened, a twelfth electromagnetic valve in the cold and hot water loop is opened, the rest electromagnetic valves are all in a closed state, the first pump is opened, and the rest pumps are in a closed state. In this mode, the circulating medium in the heat source tower loop is water. The first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, and the second heat exchanger is used as a condenser. The refrigerant gas with low temperature and low pressure in the refrigerant loop is sucked and compressed by the compressor from the gas-liquid separator to be changed into high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam to be discharged, the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the second heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve, the refrigerant exchanges heat with cooling water in the refrigerant gas to emit heat and is condensed into liquid, the refrigerant flows out of the second heat exchanger, the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases are changed after passing through the second one-way valve, the liquid is sequentially changed into a liquid accumulator, a filter and an expansion valve, the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases enter the first heat exchanger through the third one-way valve, the refrigerant absorbs heat and is evaporated in the first heat exchanger to prepare chilled water, the refrigerant is changed into superheated gas after being completely evaporated, the superheated gas flows out of the first heat exchanger, enters the gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve, and then is sucked into the compressor again, so that the refrigeration cycle is completed, and the preparation of the chilled water is realized. In the heat source tower loop, cooling water flows out from the solution side output end of the second heat exchanger and enters the heat source tower through the second electromagnetic valve after absorbing condensation heat in the second heat exchanger, the cooling water and air in the heat source tower carry out heat and mass transfer, the rest of cooling water is cooled by means of partial water evaporation of the cooling water, the cooled cooling water flows out from the first output end of the heat source tower and is sucked by the first pump after passing through the first electromagnetic valve, and circulation of the cooling water is completed. In the cold and hot water loop, the chilled water enters the first heat exchanger from the water return end of the unit through the twelfth electromagnetic valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger, flows out after the temperature is reduced, and is supplied to a user side through the water supply end of the unit.
Summer peak regulation mode: when the outdoor wet bulb temperature in summer is higher than a set value, the heat source tower operates alone to fail to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the unit condenser, the cooling water temperature and the unit condensation temperature rise, the unit refrigeration efficiency and the refrigeration capacity are reduced, the soil energy storage loop is opened at the moment and operates in series with the heat source tower loop, and therefore the unit condenser can achieve the emission of condensation heat at a lower condensation temperature. At the moment, the solar energy storage loop and the solution regeneration loop stop running, namely the second electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve and the twelfth electromagnetic valve are opened, the rest electromagnetic valves are closed, the second pump is opened, and the rest pumps are closed. In this operation mode, the flow path of the refrigerant circuit coincides with the flow path thereof in the summer normal mode. In the heat source tower loop and the soil heat storage loop, after cooling water absorbs condensation heat in the second heat exchanger, the cooling water flows out from the solution side output end of the second heat exchanger and enters the heat source tower through the second electromagnetic valve, heat and mass transfer is carried out on the cooling water and air in the heat source tower, the cooling of the rest cooling water is realized by partial water evaporation of the cooling water, the cooled cooling water flows out from the first output end of the heat source tower, is sucked and pressurized by the second pump through the fourth electromagnetic valve and then is pumped into the buried pipe, heat is further released to soil in the buried pipe, and the cooling water enters the second heat exchanger through the sixth electromagnetic valve to complete cooling water circulation. The flow of the cold and hot water loop is consistent with the summer normal mode.
Summer heat storage mode: the conventional buried pipes are large in occupied area and limited by geographical geological conditions, and heat dissipation of condensation heat in summer of the unit and low-level heat absorbed by the evaporator in winter completely depend on the buried pipes, so that the number of the buried pipes is large, and initial investment is large. In the system, the buried pipes are only used for peak regulation and heat storage, the number of the buried pipes is far less than that required by a conventional ground source heat pump, the spacing between the buried pipes is only within 2 meters (the conventional buried pipes are 5 meters), and the occupied area (namely the occupied area requirement) is greatly reduced, so that the limitation of geographical and geological conditions is avoided. Therefore, after the peak of the building air-conditioning load in summer, when the building cold load is reduced to the target value along with the reduction of the air temperature, the summer heat storage mode can be operated when the heat of condensation and heat removal can be finished by only the buried pipe. At the moment, the heat source tower loop does not work, the soil energy storage loop is used as a heat removal object of condensation heat of the unit, and the heat dissipation of the condenser is stored in the soil. At this time, the third solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, and the twelfth solenoid valve are opened, the remaining valves are in the closed state, the second pump is opened, and the remaining pumps are in the closed state. In this operation mode, the flow path of the refrigerant circuit coincides with the flow path thereof in the summer normal mode. In the soil energy storage loop, after cooling water absorbs condensation heat in the second heat exchanger, the cooling water is sucked and pressurized by the second pump from the solution side output end of the second heat exchanger through the third electromagnetic valve and then is pumped into the buried pipe, heat is released to soil in the buried pipe, and the cooling water enters the second heat exchanger through the sixth electromagnetic valve to complete cooling water circulation. The flow of the cold and hot water loop is consistent with the summer normal mode.
Transition season heat storage mode: in the autumn transition season, the unit does not need refrigeration, and when the intensity of solar radiation is high, the mode is operated. In the mode, the unit stops running, the refrigerant loop, the cold and hot water loop, the solution regeneration loop and the heat source tower loop do not work, and the soil energy storage loop and the solar energy storage loop run in series. At this time, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve are opened, the rest of the electromagnetic valves are in a closed state, the second pump is opened, and the rest of the pumps are in a closed state. After absorbing the solar heat in the solar heat collecting plate, the circulating medium is pumped into the buried pipe by the second pump through the seventh electromagnetic valve, dissipates heat to the soil in the buried pipe, returns to the solar heat collecting plate through the fifth electromagnetic valve, completes energy storage circulation, and stores the heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate in the soil, so that the temperature of the soil is raised to a set value.
The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil has three types of winter operation modes: a winter direct supply mode, a winter conventional mode and a winter peak regulation mode.
Winter direct supply mode: because the unit operates the summer heat storage mode and the transition season heat storage mode in summer, the condensation heat of the unit and the solar energy in the transition season are stored in the soil, the temperature of the soil in the underground pipe area is high, the heat load of a common building in the early winter is low, at the moment, the heat stored in the soil can be directly output to a user side through the third heat exchanger after the heat exchange between the circulating medium and the soil is utilized, the heat load requirement of the building can be met under the condition that the heat pump unit is not started, the operation time of the unit is reduced, and the annual efficiency of the system is improved. At this time, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the tenth electromagnetic valve and the eleventh electromagnetic valve are opened, the rest valves are closed, the second pump is opened, and the rest pumps are closed. And circulating medium is pumped into the buried pipe by the second pump, enters the third heat exchanger through the tenth electromagnetic valve after the temperature of the circulating medium exchanging heat with soil in the buried pipe is increased, exchanges heat with return water at the user side in the third heat exchanger, is sucked by the second pump through the seventh electromagnetic valve after the temperature is reduced, and the circulation is completed. In the cold and hot water loop, water on the side of a user side enters a third heat exchanger from a water return end of the unit through an eleventh electromagnetic valve, the water flows out of a water supply end of the unit after the temperature of the water and a circulating medium in the third heat exchanger is raised, the water is supplied to the user side, and other loops of the unit do not work.
Winter normal mode: when the outdoor dry bulb temperature is higher than a set value in winter, the low-level heat demand of the unit can be met by utilizing the heat absorbed by the heat source tower from outdoor air, at the moment, the heat source tower is independently used as the low-level heat source of the unit, and meanwhile, the buried pipe and the solar heat collecting plate are connected in series to operate, so that the heat required by solution regeneration is provided for a regeneration device of the unit. At this time, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the eighth solenoid valve, the ninth solenoid valve, and the twelfth solenoid valve are opened, the remaining solenoid valves are closed (the operation of the fifth solenoid valve and the thirteenth solenoid valve depends on the intensity of solar radiation), and the first pump, the second pump, and the third pump are opened. In the operation mode, a circulating medium in a heat source tower loop is a solution, the first heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and the second heat exchanger is used as an evaporator. The refrigerant gas with low temperature and low pressure in the refrigerant loop is sucked and compressed by the compressor from the gas-liquid separator to be changed into high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam to be discharged, the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the first heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve, the refrigerant exchanges heat with hot water, releases heat, is condensed into liquid, flows out of the first heat exchanger, passes through the first one-way valve, sequentially passes through the liquid reservoir, the filter and the expansion valve to be changed into low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases, passes through the fourth one-way valve to enter the second heat exchanger, exchanges heat with the solution in the second heat exchanger, is changed into superheated gas after completely absorbing heat and evaporating, flows out of the second heat exchanger, enters the gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve, and is sucked and compressed by the compressor again, so that the heating cycle is completed, and the hot water is prepared. In the heat source tower loop, the solution exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger, the solution flows out after the temperature of the released heat is reduced, the solution enters the heat source tower through the second electromagnetic valve, the solution and air perform heat and mass transfer in the heat source tower, the solution flowing out from the first output end of the heat source tower is divided into two parts after the temperature of the solution is increased, most of the solution is pumped into the second heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve by the first pump, and the solution circulation is completed. In the soil energy storage loop, the solar energy storage loop and the solution regeneration loop, a small part of solution flowing out of the first output end of the heat source tower is sucked and pressurized by a second pump after passing through a fourth electromagnetic valve and then is pumped into the buried pipe, the solution exchanges heat with soil in the buried pipe, heat is absorbed from the soil to raise the temperature, the solution flows out of the buried pipe, when the solar radiation intensity reaches a set value, the solution enters the solar heat collecting plate through a fifth electromagnetic valve (at the moment, the thirteenth electromagnetic valve is closed), and the solution is further heated and raised in temperature by the solar heat collecting plate and then enters the regeneration device through an eighth electromagnetic valve; when the intensity of solar radiation is lower than a set value, the solution flowing out of the buried pipe enters the regeneration device after passing through a thirteenth electromagnetic valve (at the moment, a fifth electromagnetic valve is closed) and an eighth electromagnetic valve. The solution entering the regeneration device is regenerated in the regeneration device, the temperature of the solution is reduced, meanwhile, the concentration of the solution is increased, the regenerated concentrated solution flows out of the regeneration device, is sucked and pressurized by a third pump after passing through a ninth electromagnetic valve, and then enters the heat source tower from the second input end of the heat source tower, so that the regeneration of the solution is completed, and the control of the concentration of the solution in the heat pump system of the heat source tower is realized. In the cold and hot water loop, the water on the side of the user side enters the first heat exchanger from the water return end of the unit through the twelfth electromagnetic valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger, flows out of the first heat exchanger after the temperature of the hot water rises, and flows out of the water supply end of the unit to be supplied to the user.
Winter peak regulation mode: when the outdoor dry bulb temperature is lower than a set value in winter and the heat absorbed from the heat source tower cannot meet the low-level heat source requirement of the unit, the temperature of the circulating solution is reduced, the evaporation temperature of the unit is reduced, the heating efficiency and the heating capacity of the unit are reduced, and the mode is operated to ensure the efficiency and the heating capacity of the unit. At the moment, the buried pipe and the heat source tower are connected in series to run so as to meet the low-level heat extraction requirement of the unit. At this time, the second solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the eighth solenoid valve, the ninth solenoid valve and the twelfth solenoid valve are opened, the rest of the solenoid valves are closed (the actions of the fifth solenoid valve and the thirteenth solenoid valve depend on the intensity of solar radiation), the second pump and the third pump are opened, and the rest of the pumps are closed. In this mode of operation, the refrigerant circuit is in accordance with the winter normal mode. In the heat source tower loop and the soil energy storage loop, a solution exchanges heat with a refrigerant in a second heat exchanger, the solution flows out after the temperature of the discharged heat is reduced and enters a heat source tower through a second electromagnetic valve, the solution carries out heat transfer and mass transfer with air in the heat source tower, the temperature of the solution is raised, the solution flows out from a first output end of the heat source tower, is sucked and pressurized by a second pump after passing through a fourth electromagnetic valve and then is pumped into an underground pipe, the solution exchanges heat with soil in the underground pipe to absorb the heat of the soil, the temperature is further raised, the solution flows out from an outlet of the underground pipe and is divided into two paths, one path enters the second heat exchanger after passing through a sixth electromagnetic valve, the other path enters a solar heat collection plate through a fifth electromagnetic valve (at the moment, the thirteenth electromagnetic valve is closed), and the solution further heats by the solar heat collection plate and enters a regeneration device after being heated by an eighth electromagnetic valve; when the intensity of solar radiation is lower than a set value, the solution flowing out of the buried pipe enters the regeneration device after passing through a thirteenth electromagnetic valve (at the moment, a fifth electromagnetic valve is closed) and an eighth electromagnetic valve. The solution entering the regeneration device is regenerated in the regeneration device, the temperature of the solution is reduced, meanwhile, the concentration of the solution is increased, the regenerated concentrated solution flows out of the regeneration device, is sucked and pressurized by a ninth electromagnetic valve through a third pump and then enters the heat source tower from the second input end of the heat source tower, the regeneration of the solution is completed, and the control of the concentration of the solution in the operation process is realized. The hot and cold water circuits are in accordance with the winter normal mode.
The invention utilizes the peak regulation effect of the buried pipe and the soil energy storage, solves the problems of overlarge unit installed capacity and increased initial investment caused by the need of considering extreme weather of a heat source tower heat pump system, realizes that cold and heat stored in the soil in winter and summer are directly supplied to a user side by depending on the soil energy storage, does not need to start the heat pump unit, greatly improves the system energy efficiency, and provides a heat source for the solution regeneration of the heat source tower together by the solar heat collector and the buried pipe in the conventional mode in winter, ensures the safe and stable operation of the unit, and realizes the comprehensive and efficient operation of the system all the year around.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the heat source tower and the buried pipe of the device are connected in series to operate when the outdoor wet bulb temperature in summer is higher than a set value or the outdoor dry bulb temperature in winter is lower than the set value, and are used as a heat extraction device of heat pump unit condensation heat or provide a low-level heat source for an evaporator together, so that the normal and stable operation of the unit under the severe working condition is realized, the performance of a conventional heat source tower heat pump system under the severe working condition is prevented from being greatly attenuated, and the total installed capacity of the heat source tower heat pump system unit is greatly reduced.
2. The heat source tower of the device stops working at the end of summer, the buried pipe is used as a heat discharging device for unit condensation heat, the unit condensation heat is stored in soil, meanwhile, the solar heat collecting plate independently operates when the unit stops working in transition seasons of autumn, and solar energy is stored in the soil, so that the purpose of storing energy at high temperature in different seasons by using the soil is achieved, and a guarantee is provided for a direct supply mode in winter and improvement of heating efficiency in winter.
3. The ground pipe of the device is directly used for supplying cold and heat to users through the third heat exchanger at the beginning of summer when the temperature of the circulating medium is lower than a set value after the heat exchange between the circulating medium and the soil and the temperature of the circulating medium is higher than the set value in winter, the improvement of a heat pump unit is not needed, the energy consumption of a system unit is greatly reduced, and the comprehensive efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
4. The buried pipe and the solar heat collecting plate of the device are operated in series under a winter conventional mode and a peak regulation mode and are jointly used as a heat source for solution regeneration of the regeneration device, so that the problem of extra energy supply required by conventional solution regeneration is efficiently solved, the solution is efficiently regenerated, and the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
5. The distance between the buried pipes of the device is less than 2 meters, and the distance between the buried pipes of the conventional water-ground source heat pump is 5 meters, so that the occupied area of the buried pipes is greatly reduced, and the limitation of geological conditions on the use of the system is broken through.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soil and photothermal energy storage based heat source tower heat pump system of the present invention.
The figure shows that: a compressor 1; a four-way reversing valve 2; a first input end 2a of the four-way reversing valve; a first output end 2b of the four-way reversing valve; a second input end 2c of the four-way reversing valve; a second output end 2d of the four-way reversing valve; a gas-liquid separator 3; a liquid reservoir 4; a filter 5; an expansion valve 6; a first check valve 7; a second check valve 8; a third check valve 9; a fourth check valve 10; a first heat exchanger 11; a first heat exchanger water side input 11 a; a first heat exchanger water side output 11 b; a first heat exchanger refrigerant side input 11 c; a first heat exchanger refrigerant side output terminal 11 d; a second heat exchanger 12; a second heat exchanger refrigerant side input 12 a; a second heat exchanger refrigerant side output 12 b; a second heat exchanger solution side input 12 c; a second heat exchanger solution side output end 12 d; a third heat exchanger 13; a third heat exchanger water side input 13 a; a third heat exchanger water side output 13 b; a third heat exchanger solution side input 13 c; a third heat exchanger solution side output end 13 d; a heat source tower 14; heat source tower first input 14 a; heat source tower first output 14 b; heat source tower second input 14 c; heat source column third input 14 d; a buried pipe 15; a solar collector panel 16; a regeneration device 17; a first pump 18; a second pump 19; a third pump 20; a first electromagnetic valve 21; a second electromagnetic valve 22; a third electromagnetic valve 23; a fourth solenoid valve 24; a fifth electromagnetic valve 25; a sixth electromagnetic valve 26; a seventh electromagnetic valve 27; an eighth solenoid valve 28; a ninth electromagnetic valve 29; a tenth electromagnetic valve 30; an eleventh electromagnetic valve 31; a twelfth electromagnetic valve 32; a thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to figure 1 and the specific examples.
The invention relates to a heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and soil seasonal energy storage. In a refrigerant loop, the output end of a compressor 1 is connected with a first input end 2a of a four-way reversing valve, a first output end 2b of the four-way reversing valve is connected with a refrigerant side input end 12a of a second heat exchanger, a refrigerant side output end 12b of the second heat exchanger is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a second one-way valve 8 and an outlet of a fourth one-way valve 10, an outlet of the second one-way valve 8 is converged with an outlet of a first one-way valve 7 and then is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a liquid accumulator 4, an inlet of the fourth one-way valve 10 is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a third one-way valve 9 and an outlet of an expansion valve 6, a filter 5 is connected and arranged between the liquid accumulator 4 and the expansion valve 6, an inlet of the first one-way valve 7 and an outlet of the third one-way valve 9 are both connected with a refrigerant side input end 11c of the first heat exchanger, a refrigerant side output end 11d of the first heat exchanger is connected with a second input end 2c of the four-way reversing valve, the second output end 2d of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 3, an outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected with an inlet of the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 11 is a component of a cold-hot water loop at the same time, and the second heat exchanger 12 is a component of a heat source tower loop and a soil energy storage loop at the same time;
in the heat source tower loop, the second heat exchanger solution side output end 12d is respectively connected with the first heat source tower input end 14a and the third heat source tower input end 14d through a second electromagnetic valve 22, the first heat source tower output end 14b is connected with the inlet of a first pump 18 through a first electromagnetic valve 21, and the outlet of the first pump 18 is connected with the second heat exchanger solution side input end 12 c;
in the soil energy storage loop, the second heat exchanger solution side output end 12d is connected with the inlet of a second pump 19 through a third electromagnetic valve 23, the heat source tower first output end 14b is also connected with the inlet of the second pump 19 through a fourth electromagnetic valve 24, the third heat exchanger solution side output end 13d is also connected with the inlet of the second pump 19 through a seventh electromagnetic valve 27, the outlet of the second pump 19 is connected with the inlet of an underground pipe 15, the outlet of the underground pipe 15 is connected with the second heat exchanger solution side input end 12c through a sixth electromagnetic valve 26, the outlet of the underground pipe 15 is simultaneously connected with the third heat exchanger solution side input end 13c through a tenth electromagnetic valve 30, the underground pipe 15 and the second pump 19 are simultaneously components of a solar energy storage loop and a solution regeneration loop, the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 is simultaneously component of the solution regeneration loop, the seventh electromagnetic valve 27 is simultaneously component of the solar energy storage loop, the third heat exchanger 13 is at the same time a component of the cold and hot water circuit;
in the solar energy storage loop, an outlet of the buried pipe 15 is connected with an inlet of the solar heat collecting plate 16 through a fifth electromagnetic valve 25, and is also connected with an outlet of the solar heat collecting plate 16 and an outlet 13d of the solution side of the third heat exchanger through a thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33, and then is connected with an inlet of the second pump 19 through a seventh electromagnetic valve 27, and the solar heat collecting plate 16, the fifth electromagnetic valve 25 and the thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33 are components of a solution regeneration loop at the same time;
in the solution regeneration loop, the outlet of the solar heat collecting plate 16 branches off before being connected with the seventh solenoid valve 27, and is connected with the inlet of the regeneration device 17 through the eighth solenoid valve 28, the outlet of the regeneration device 17 is connected with the inlet of the third pump 20 through the ninth solenoid valve 29, and the outlet of the third pump 20 is connected with the second input end 14c of the heat source tower.
In the cold and hot water loop, the water return end of the unit is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the water side input end 11a of the first heat exchanger through a twelfth electromagnetic valve 32, the other path is connected with the water side input end 13a of the third heat exchanger through an eleventh electromagnetic valve 31, and the water side output end 11b of the first heat exchanger and the water side output end 13b of the third heat exchanger are both connected with the water supply end of the unit.
The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil has five summer refrigeration operation modes: a summer direct supply mode, a summer conventional mode, a summer peak regulation mode, a summer heat storage mode and a transition season heat storage mode.
Summer direct supply mode: the cold load of general building is lower in the early summer, and the unit passes through the evaporimeter and accumulates cold volume in soil during winter for the soil temperature in the buried pipe district is lower, can directly export the cold volume of accumulating in the soil for the user side through third heat exchanger 13 after utilizing circulating medium and soil heat transfer this moment, realizes satisfying the building cold load demand under the condition of not opening heat pump set promptly, thereby reduces the operating time of unit, improves the annual efficiency of system. At this time, the seventh solenoid valve 27, the tenth solenoid valve 30, and the eleventh solenoid valve 31 are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the second pump 19 is opened, and the remaining pumps are closed. Circulating media in the soil energy storage loop are pumped into the buried pipe 15 through the second pump 19, enter the third heat exchanger 13 through the tenth electromagnetic valve 30 after the temperature of heat exchange with soil in the buried pipe 15 is reduced, the temperature of heat exchange with user side return water in the third heat exchanger 13 is increased, and the circulating media are sucked into the second pump 19 through the seventh electromagnetic valve 27 to complete circulation. In the cold and hot water loop, the chilled water at the user side enters the third heat exchanger 13 from the water return end of the unit through the eleventh electromagnetic valve 31, and flows out from the water supply end of the unit after the temperature of the chilled water is reduced after the chilled water exchanges heat with the circulating medium in the third heat exchanger 13, and is supplied to the user side, and other loops of the unit do not work.
Summer normal mode: when the cold load of a building in summer is increased along with the rise of outdoor temperature, the summer direct supply mode is difficult to meet the requirement of the cold load of the building, but the outdoor wet bulb temperature is lower than a set value at the moment, and the heat dissipation capacity of the heat source tower can meet the heat dissipation requirement of a condenser of a unit, the mode is operated. At this time, the soil energy storage loop, the solar energy storage loop and the solution regeneration loop all stop running, that is, the first electromagnetic valve 21 and the second electromagnetic valve 22 in the heat source tower loop are opened, the twelfth electromagnetic valve 32 in the cold and hot water loop is opened, the rest of the electromagnetic valves are all in a closed state, the first pump 18 is opened, and the rest of the pumps are in a closed state. In this mode, the circulating medium in the heat source tower loop is water. The first heat exchanger 11 functions as an evaporator and the second heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser. The low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas in the refrigerant loop is sucked and compressed by the compressor 1 from the gas-liquid separator 3 and then is changed into high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam to be discharged, the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the second heat exchanger 12 through the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant exchanges heat with cooling water in the refrigerant gas and releases heat and is condensed into liquid, the refrigerant flows out of the second heat exchanger 12, the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases are changed after sequentially passing through the second one-way valve 8, the liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases after passing through the liquid reservoir 4, the filter 5 and the expansion valve 6, the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases enter the first heat exchanger 11 through the third one-way valve 9, the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates in the first heat exchanger 11 to prepare chilled water, the refrigerant is changed into superheated gas after being completely evaporated, the superheated gas comes out of the first heat exchanger 11 and enters the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2, and then is sucked into the compressor 1 again, so that the refrigeration cycle is completed and the preparation of the chilled water is realized. In the heat source tower loop, after cooling water absorbs condensation heat in the second heat exchanger 12, the cooling water flows out from the solution side output end 12d of the second heat exchanger and enters the heat source tower 14 through the second electromagnetic valve 22, heat and mass transfer is carried out between the cooling water and air in the heat source tower 14, the temperature of the rest of the cooling water is reduced by means of partial water evaporation of the cooling water, the cooled cooling water flows out from the first output end 14b of the heat source tower, passes through the first electromagnetic valve 21 and is sucked by the first pump 18, and circulation of the cooling water is completed. In the cold and hot water loop, the chilled water enters the first heat exchanger 11 from the water return end of the unit through the twelfth electromagnetic valve 32, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 11, flows out after the temperature is reduced, and is supplied to the user side through the water supply end of the unit.
Summer peak regulation mode: when the outdoor wet bulb temperature in summer is higher than a set value, the heat source tower operates alone to fail to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the unit condenser, the cooling water temperature and the unit condensation temperature rise, the unit refrigeration efficiency and the refrigeration capacity are reduced, the soil energy storage loop is opened at the moment and operates in series with the heat source tower loop, and therefore the unit condenser can achieve the emission of condensation heat at a lower condensation temperature. At this time, the solar energy storage circuit and the solution regeneration circuit stop operating, that is, the second solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 24, the sixth solenoid valve 26 and the twelfth solenoid valve 32 are opened, the rest of the solenoid valves are closed, the second pump 19 is opened, and the rest of the pumps are closed. In this operation mode, the flow path of the refrigerant circuit coincides with the flow path thereof in the summer normal mode. In the heat source tower loop and the soil heat storage loop, after cooling water absorbs condensation heat in the second heat exchanger 12, the cooling water flows out from the solution side output end 12d of the second heat exchanger and enters the heat source tower 14 through the second electromagnetic valve 22, heat and mass transfer is carried out between the cooling water and air in the heat source tower 14, the cooling of the rest of the cooling water is realized by means of partial water evaporation, the cooled cooling water flows out from the first output end 14b of the heat source tower, is sucked and pressurized by the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 through the second pump 19 and then is pumped into the buried pipe 15, heat is further released to soil in the buried pipe 15, and the cooling water enters the second heat exchanger 12 through the sixth electromagnetic valve 26 to complete cooling water circulation. The flow of the cold and hot water loop is consistent with the summer normal mode.
Summer heat storage mode: the conventional buried pipes are large in occupied area and limited by geographical geological conditions, and heat dissipation of condensation heat in summer of the unit and low-level heat absorbed by the evaporator in winter completely depend on the buried pipes, so that the number of the buried pipes is large, and initial investment is large. In the system of the invention, the buried pipes 15 are only used for peak regulation and heat storage, the number of the buried pipes is far less than that required by a conventional ground source heat pump, the spacing between the buried pipes is only within 2 meters (the conventional buried pipes are 5 meters), and the occupied area (namely the occupied area requirement) is greatly reduced, so that the limitation of geographical and geological conditions is avoided. Therefore, after the peak of the building air-conditioning load in summer, when the building cooling load is reduced to a target value along with the drop of the air temperature, the summer heat storage mode can be operated when the heat removal of the condensation heat can be completed by the buried pipe 15 only. At the moment, the heat source tower loop does not work, the soil energy storage loop is used as a heat removal object of condensation heat of the unit, and the heat dissipation of the condenser is stored in the soil. At this time, the third solenoid valve 23, the sixth solenoid valve 26, and the twelfth solenoid valve 32 are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the second pump 19 is opened, and the remaining pumps are closed. In this operation mode, the flow path of the refrigerant circuit coincides with the flow path thereof in the summer normal mode. In the soil energy storage loop, after cooling water absorbs condensation heat in the second heat exchanger 12, the cooling water is sucked and pressurized by the second pump 19 from the solution side output end 12d of the second heat exchanger through the third electromagnetic valve 23 and then is pumped into the buried pipe 15, heat is released to soil in the buried pipe 15, and the cooling water enters the second heat exchanger 12 through the sixth electromagnetic valve 26 to complete cooling water circulation. The flow of the cold and hot water circuit is consistent with the summer normal mode.
Transition season heat storage mode: in the autumn transition season, the unit does not need refrigeration, and when the intensity of solar radiation is high, the mode is operated. In the mode, the unit stops running, the refrigerant loop, the cold and hot water loop, the solution regeneration loop and the heat source tower loop do not work, and the soil energy storage loop and the solar energy storage loop run in series. At this time, the fifth solenoid valve 25 and the seventh solenoid valve 27 are opened, the remaining solenoid valves are in a closed state, the second pump 19 is opened, and the remaining pumps are in a closed state. After absorbing the solar heat in the solar heat collecting plate 16, the circulating medium is pumped into the buried pipe 15 through the seventh electromagnetic valve 27 by the second pump 19, dissipates heat to the soil in the buried pipe 15, and returns to the solar heat collecting plate 16 through the fifth electromagnetic valve 25, so that the energy storage circulation is completed, and the heat collected by the solar heat collecting plate 16 is stored in the soil, so that the temperature of the soil is increased to a set value.
The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil has three types of winter operation modes: a winter direct supply mode, a winter conventional mode and a winter peak regulation mode.
Winter direct supply mode: because the unit operates the summer heat storage mode and the transition season heat storage mode in summer, the condensation heat of the unit and the solar energy in the transition season are stored in the soil, the temperature of the soil in the underground pipe area is high, the heat load of a common building in the early winter is low, at the moment, the heat stored in the soil can be directly output to a user side through the third heat exchanger 13 after the heat exchange between the circulating medium and the soil is utilized, the heat load requirement of the building can be met under the condition that the heat pump unit is not started, the operation time of the unit is reduced, and the annual efficiency of the system is improved. At this time, the seventh solenoid valve 27, the tenth solenoid valve 30, and the eleventh solenoid valve 31 are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the second pump 19 is opened, and the remaining pumps are closed. And circulating medium is pumped into the buried pipe 15 by the second pump 19, enters the third heat exchanger 13 through the tenth electromagnetic valve 30 after the temperature of the circulating medium exchanging heat with soil in the buried pipe 15 is increased, exchanges heat with user side return water in the third heat exchanger 13, is sucked by the second pump 19 through the seventh electromagnetic valve 27 after the temperature is reduced, and the circulation is completed. In the cold and hot water loop, water on the side of a user side enters the third heat exchanger 13 from the water return end of the unit through the eleventh electromagnetic valve 31, and flows out from the water supply end of the unit after the heat exchange temperature of the water and the circulating medium in the third heat exchanger 13 is increased, and is supplied to the user side, and other loops of the unit do not work.
Winter normal mode: when the outdoor dry bulb temperature is higher than a set value in winter, the heat absorbed by the heat source tower 14 from outdoor air can meet the low-level heat demand of the unit, at the moment, the heat source tower 14 is independently used as a low-level heat source of the unit, and meanwhile, the buried pipe 15 and the solar heat collecting plate 16 are connected in series to operate, so that heat required by solution regeneration is provided for a regeneration device 17 of the unit. At this time, the first solenoid valve 21, the second solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 24, the eighth solenoid valve 28, the ninth solenoid valve 29, and the twelfth solenoid valve 32 are opened, the remaining solenoid valves are closed (the operation of the fifth solenoid valve 25 and the thirteenth solenoid valve 33 depends on the intensity of solar radiation), and the first pump 18, the second pump 19, and the third pump 20 are opened. In this mode of operation, the circulating medium in the heat source column loop is a solution, the first heat exchanger 11 acts as a condenser, and the second heat exchanger 12 acts as an evaporator. The low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas in the refrigerant loop is sucked and compressed by the compressor 1 from the gas-liquid separator 3 and then is changed into high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam to be discharged, the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the first heat exchanger 11 through the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant exchanges heat with hot water to release heat, the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam is condensed into liquid, the liquid flows out of the first heat exchanger 11, the liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases after passing through the first one-way valve 7, the liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases after sequentially passing through the liquid reservoir 4, the filter 5 and the expansion valve 6, the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two phases after passing through the fourth one-way valve 10 and enters the second heat exchanger 12, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the solution in the second heat exchanger 12, the refrigerant absorbs heat and is completely evaporated and then changed into superheated gas which flows out of the second heat exchanger 12, the gas enters the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2 and then is sucked and compressed by the compressor 1 again, so that the heating cycle is completed, and the hot water is prepared. In the heat source tower loop, the solution exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 12, the solution flows out after the temperature of the released heat is reduced, the solution enters the heat source tower through the second electromagnetic valve 22, the solution and air perform heat and mass transfer in the heat source tower 14, the solution flowing out from the first output end 14b of the heat source tower is divided into two parts after the temperature of the solution is increased, most of the solution is pumped into the second heat exchanger 12 through the first electromagnetic valve 21 and the first pump 18, and the solution circulation is completed. In the soil energy storage loop, the solar energy storage loop and the solution regeneration loop, a small part of solution flowing out of the first output end 14b of the heat source tower is sucked and pressurized by the second pump 19 after passing through the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 and then pumped into the buried pipe 15, the solution exchanges heat with the soil in the buried pipe 15, absorbs heat from the soil to raise the temperature, the solution flows out of the buried pipe 15, when the solar radiation intensity reaches a set value, the solution enters the solar heat collection plate 16 through the fifth electromagnetic valve 25 (at the moment, the thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33 is closed), and the solution is further heated and heated by the solar heat collection plate 16 and then enters the regeneration device 17 through the eighth electromagnetic valve 28; when the intensity of solar radiation is lower than the set value, the solution flowing out of the buried pipe 15 enters the regeneration device 17 through the thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33 (at this time, the fifth electromagnetic valve 25 is closed) and the eighth electromagnetic valve 28. The solution entering the regeneration device 17 is regenerated in the regeneration device 17, the temperature of the solution is reduced, meanwhile, the concentration of the solution is increased, the regenerated concentrated solution flows out of the regeneration device 17, passes through a ninth electromagnetic valve 29, is sucked and pressurized by a third pump 20, and then enters the heat source tower 14 from the second input end 14c of the heat source tower, so that the regeneration of the solution is completed, and the control of the concentration of the solution in the heat pump system of the heat source tower is realized. In the cold and hot water loop, the user side hot water enters the first heat exchanger 11 from the water return end of the unit through the twelfth electromagnetic valve 32, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 11, flows out from the first heat exchanger 11 after the temperature of the hot water is raised, and flows out through the water supply end of the unit to be supplied to users.
Winter peak regulation mode: when the outdoor dry bulb temperature is lower than the set value in winter and the heat absorbed from the heat source tower 14 cannot meet the low-level heat source requirement of the unit, the temperature of the circulating solution is reduced, the evaporation temperature of the unit is reduced, the heating efficiency and the heating capacity of the unit are reduced, and the mode is operated to ensure the efficiency and the heating capacity of the unit. At this time, the buried pipe 15 and the heat source tower 14 are connected in series to meet the low-level heat extraction requirement of the unit. At this time, the second solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 24, the sixth solenoid valve 26, the eighth solenoid valve 28, the ninth solenoid valve 29, and the twelfth solenoid valve 32 are opened, the remaining solenoid valves are closed (the operation of the fifth solenoid valve 25 and the thirteenth solenoid valve 33 depends on the intensity of solar radiation), the second pump 19 and the third pump 20 are opened, and the remaining pumps are closed. In this mode of operation, the refrigerant circuit is in accordance with the winter normal mode. In the heat source tower loop and the soil energy storage loop, the solution exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 12, the solution flows out to enter the heat source tower 14 through the second electromagnetic valve 22 after the temperature of the released heat is reduced, the solution carries out heat and mass transfer with the air in the heat source tower 14, after the temperature of the solution is increased, the solution flows out from the first output end 14b of the heat source tower, is sucked and pressurized by the second pump 19 after passing through the fourth electromagnetic valve 24, and is pumped into the buried pipe 15, the solution exchanges heat with soil in the buried pipe 15, the heat of the soil is absorbed, the temperature is further increased, after the solution flows out from the outlet of the buried pipe 15, is divided into two paths, one path enters the second heat exchanger 12 after passing through the sixth electromagnetic valve 26, the other path, when the solar radiation intensity reaches a set value, the solution enters the solar heat collecting plate 16 through the fifth electromagnetic valve 25 (at this time, the thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33 is closed), and the solution is further heated and heated by the solar heat collecting plate 16 and then enters the regeneration device 17 through the eighth electromagnetic valve 28; when the intensity of solar radiation is lower than the set value, the solution flowing out of the buried pipe 15 enters the regeneration device 17 through the thirteenth electromagnetic valve 33 (at this time, the fifth electromagnetic valve 25 is closed) and the eighth electromagnetic valve 28. The solution entering the regeneration device 17 is regenerated in the regeneration device 17, the temperature of the solution is reduced, meanwhile, the concentration of the solution is increased, the regenerated concentrated solution flows out of the regeneration device 17, is sucked and pressurized by the ninth electromagnetic valve 29 through the third pump 20, and then enters the heat source tower 14 from the second input end 14c of the heat source tower, so that the regeneration of the solution is completed, and the control of the concentration of the solution in the operation process is realized. The hot and cold water circuits are in accordance with the winter normal mode.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and equivalents fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive utilization of solar energy and soil seasonal energy storage is characterized by comprising a refrigerant loop, a heat source tower loop, a soil energy storage loop, a solar energy storage loop, a solution regeneration loop and a cold and hot water loop;
the refrigerant loop comprises a compressor (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a liquid storage device (4), a filter (5), an expansion valve (6), a first one-way valve (7), a second one-way valve (8), a third one-way valve (9), a fourth one-way valve (10), a first heat exchanger (11) and a second heat exchanger (12); in the refrigerant loop, the output end of a compressor (1) is connected with a first input end (2 a) of a four-way reversing valve, a first output end (2 b) of the four-way reversing valve is connected with a refrigerant side input end (12 a) of a second heat exchanger, a refrigerant side output end (12 b) of the second heat exchanger is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a second one-way valve (8) and an outlet of a fourth one-way valve (10), an outlet of the second one-way valve (8) is converged with an outlet of a first one-way valve (7) and then simultaneously connected to an inlet of a liquid storage device (4), an inlet of the fourth one-way valve (10) is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a third one-way valve (9) and an outlet of an expansion valve (6), a filter (5) is connected and arranged between the liquid storage device (4) and the expansion valve (6), the inlet of the first one-way valve (7) and the outlet of the third one-way valve (9) are both connected with a refrigerant side input end (11 c) of the first heat exchanger, a refrigerant side output end (11 d) of the first heat exchanger is connected with a second input end (2 c) of the four-way reversing valve, the second output end (2 d) of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (3), an outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected with an inlet of the compressor (1), the first heat exchanger (11) is a component of a cold-hot water loop, and the second heat exchanger (12) is a component of a heat source tower loop and a soil energy storage loop;
the heat source tower loop comprises a second heat exchanger (12), a heat source tower (14), a first pump (18), a first electromagnetic valve (21) and a second electromagnetic valve (22); in the heat source tower loop, a second heat exchanger solution side output end (12 d) is respectively connected with a first heat source tower input end (14 a) and a third heat source tower input end (14 d) through a second electromagnetic valve (22), a first heat source tower output end (14 b) is connected with an inlet of a first pump (18) through a first electromagnetic valve (21), and an outlet of the first pump (18) is connected with a second heat exchanger solution side input end (12 c);
the soil energy storage loop comprises a second heat exchanger (12), a third heat exchanger (13), a buried pipe (15), a second pump (19), a third electromagnetic valve (23), a fourth electromagnetic valve (24), a sixth electromagnetic valve (26), a seventh electromagnetic valve (27) and a tenth electromagnetic valve (30); in the soil energy storage loop, a second heat exchanger solution side output end (12 d) is connected with an inlet of a second pump (19) through a third electromagnetic valve (23), a first output end (14 b) of a heat source tower is also connected with an inlet of the second pump (19) through a fourth electromagnetic valve (24), a third heat exchanger solution side output end (13 d) is also connected with an inlet of the second pump (19) through a seventh electromagnetic valve (27), an outlet of the second pump (19) is connected with an inlet of an underground pipe (15), an outlet of the underground pipe (15) is connected with a second heat exchanger solution side input end (12 c) through a sixth electromagnetic valve (26), an outlet of the underground pipe (15) is simultaneously connected with a third heat exchanger solution side input end (13 c) through a tenth electromagnetic valve (30), and the underground pipe (15) and the second pump (19) are simultaneously components of a solar energy storage loop and a solution regeneration loop, the fourth electromagnetic valve (24) is a component of a solution regeneration loop at the same time, the seventh electromagnetic valve (27) is a component of a solar energy storage loop at the same time, and the third heat exchanger (13) is a component of a cold and hot water loop at the same time;
the solar energy storage loop comprises a buried pipe (15), a solar heat collection plate (16), a second pump (19), a fifth electromagnetic valve (25), a seventh electromagnetic valve (27) and a thirteenth electromagnetic valve (33); the outlet of the buried pipe (15) is connected with the inlet of the solar heat collecting plate (16) through a fifth electromagnetic valve (25), and is also connected with the outlet of the solar heat collecting plate (16) and the solution side output end (13 d) of the third heat exchanger through a thirteenth electromagnetic valve (33), and then is connected with the inlet of the second pump (19) through a seventh electromagnetic valve (27), and the solar heat collecting plate (16), the fifth electromagnetic valve (25) and the thirteenth electromagnetic valve (33) are simultaneously components of a solution regeneration loop;
the solution regeneration loop comprises a buried pipe (15), a solar heat collection plate (16), a regeneration device (17), a second pump (19), a third pump (20), a fourth electromagnetic valve (24), a fifth electromagnetic valve (25), an eighth electromagnetic valve (28), a ninth electromagnetic valve (29) and a thirteenth electromagnetic valve (33); in the solution regeneration loop, the outlet of a solar heat collecting plate (16) is divided into one path before being connected with a seventh electromagnetic valve (27), the path is connected with the inlet of a regeneration device (17) through an eighth electromagnetic valve (28), the outlet of the regeneration device (17) is connected with the inlet of a third pump (20) through a ninth electromagnetic valve (29), and the outlet of the third pump (20) is connected with a second input end (14 c) of a heat source tower;
the cold and hot water loop comprises a first heat exchanger (11), a third heat exchanger (13), an eleventh electromagnetic valve (31) and a twelfth electromagnetic valve (32); in the cold and hot water loop, the water return end of the unit is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the water side input end (11 a) of the first heat exchanger through a twelfth electromagnetic valve (32), the other path is connected with the water side input end (13 a) of the third heat exchanger through an eleventh electromagnetic valve (31), and the water side output end (11 b) of the first heat exchanger and the water side output end (13 b) of the third heat exchanger are both connected with the water supply end of the unit.
2. A heat source tower heat pump system for realizing comprehensive solar energy utilization and soil seasonal energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the heat source tower (14) is used as a heat discharging device for condensation heat of the heat pump system when outdoor wet bulb temperature is lower than a set value in summer, and is used for providing a low-level heat source for an evaporator of the heat pump system when outdoor dry bulb temperature is higher than the set value in winter.
3. The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat source tower (14) and the buried pipe (15) are connected in series to operate when the outdoor wet bulb temperature in summer is higher than a set value, and are jointly used as a heat discharging device for the condensation heat in summer of the heat pump system, and are also connected in series to operate when the outdoor dry bulb temperature in winter is lower than the set value, and are jointly used for providing a low-level heat source for an evaporator of the heat pump system.
4. A heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat source tower (14) stops working at the end of summer, and the ground pipe (15) is used as a heat discharging device of the unit condensation heat to store the condensation heat of the second heat exchanger (12) in the soil.
5. The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the energy storage of soil in different seasons as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting plate (16) operates independently when the unit stops in different seasons, so that the solar energy is stored in the soil, and the energy storage of soil in different seasons at higher temperature is realized.
6. A heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the ground pipe (15) directly supplies cold to users through the third heat exchanger (13) in the early summer when the temperature of the circulating medium in the ground pipe is lower than a set value after exchanging heat with soil, and directly supplies heat to users through the third heat exchanger (13) in the early winter when the temperature of the circulating medium in the ground pipe is higher than the set value after exchanging heat with soil.
7. A heat source tower heat pump system for realizing solar energy comprehensive utilization and soil cross-season energy storage according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the buried pipe (15) and the solar heat collecting plate (16) are operated in series under a winter normal mode and a peak shaving mode to jointly provide a heat source for solution regeneration in the regeneration device (17).
8. The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the spacing between the buried pipes (15) is less than 2 meters.
9. A heat source tower heat pump system for realizing solar energy comprehensive utilization and soil cross-season energy storage according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the heat source tower heat pump system comprises at least one heat source tower heat pump unit and at least one heat source tower.
10. The heat source tower heat pump system for realizing the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and the seasonal energy storage of soil as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the heat source tower (14) is a heat exchange device of air and solution fluid, in particular a cross-flow type heat source tower or a counter-flow type heat source tower.
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