CN106635372B - 一种水性聚醚耦合剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水性聚醚耦合剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106635372B
CN106635372B CN201611204900.3A CN201611204900A CN106635372B CN 106635372 B CN106635372 B CN 106635372B CN 201611204900 A CN201611204900 A CN 201611204900A CN 106635372 B CN106635372 B CN 106635372B
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程庆华
黄仕雄
陆静
刘霁
余杨柳
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Notai Biotechnology Hefei Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水性聚醚耦合剂及其制备方法，是由苯甲酸、对叔丁基苯甲酸、酰基氨基酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸、有机酸、有机胺、无机碱和去离子水配制而成。本发明调和出的水性聚醚耦合剂具有对聚醚在高碱性环境下耦合能力强、添加量少的特点，比单一组分的耦合剂具有更强的耦合能力，同时其还具有一定的防锈性能、清洗性能，可以减少切削液或清洗剂中防锈剂、表面活性剂的添加量，大大降低生产成本。

Description

一种水性聚醚耦合剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及金属切削、加工、成型工艺用金属加工液、清洗剂等，属于金属切削加工成型、清洗等技术领域。
背景技术
随着现代机械加工向高速、强力和高精度的方向发展，现代苛刻的加工条件对切削液的质量提出了越来越高的要求，尤其是高速磨床加工对切削液的润滑和低泡提出了更高的要求。作为切削液一种的磨削液对高精度零件的磨削加工起着冷却散热、润滑、洗涤的作用，而且对提高生产效率和加工零件精度的稳定控制也有一定的影响，因此，对其的低泡要求更高。此外，工业清洗领域为了提高清洗效率、节省清洗剂用量，开始向着高压喷淋清洗方向发展，对清洗剂的泡沫也提出了更高要求。
为了解决切削液、清洗剂的润滑性、清洗性、泡沫性，聚醚是一种理想的表面活性剂。聚醚又称聚乙二醇醚，它是以环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷等为原料，在催化剂作用下开环均聚或共聚制得的线型聚合物。聚醚本身具有清洗、润滑、抑泡和消泡功能。水溶性聚醚在水中具有不同的浊点，当温度低于聚醚的浊点时溶液为均匀的透明液体，当温度高于聚醚的浊点时溶液变浑浊，聚醚会出现析出的情况。为了满足切削液和清洗剂的低泡性能，一般选择低浊点的聚醚作为原料来调配切削液和清洗剂。
为了防止加工和清洗的时候工件生锈、提高使用寿命，往往需要在切削液、清洗剂的体系中添加大量的碱性物质，比如三乙醇胺、一乙醇胺、二乙醇胺等有机碱；此外，为了提高清洗性，有的清洗剂还会在体系中添加大量的氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾等无机碱。而低浊点的聚醚在高碱性条件下浊点会下降，导致析出，溶液分层不透明，从而影响清洗性能和润滑性能。为了提高聚醚在碱性条件下的溶解性，需要往体系中加入聚醚耦合剂。
现有聚醚耦合剂多采用单一组分的低碳链一元酸或二元酸作为耦合剂，存在气味大、泡沫大、水中不溶等缺点；且在高碱性条件下耦合效果差、添加量大，而大量的添加会大大降低体系的碱性，从而影响切削液或清洗剂的防锈剂、清洗能力。
发明内容
本发明是为避免上述现有技术所存在的不足之处，提供一种水性聚醚耦合剂及其制备方法，以期可以有效提高聚醚在碱性条件下的溶解性。
本发明解决技术问题，采用如下技术方案：
本发明的水性聚醚耦合剂的各组分按重量百分比的构成为：
Figure BDA0001189788400000021
其中：所述苯甲酸和所述对叔丁基苯甲酸皆为市售纯度99％以上；
所述酰基氨基酸为N-酰基氨基酸；
所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸为RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C12～C14的烷基。
所述有机酸为C2-C40的直链或带有支链的一元酸或二元酸；
所述有机胺为一乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、一异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇、二乙烯乙二醇、聚醚胺、甲基二乙醇胺中的至少一种；
所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠中的至少一种。
上述水性聚醚耦合剂的制备方法是：首先按配比将去离子水、有机胺、无机碱加入到反应釜中，升温到80℃，保持恒温；然后按配比边搅拌边加入苯甲酸、对叔丁基苯甲酸、酰基氨基酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸和有机酸，再搅拌反应50～70分钟至透明，即获得水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
与已有技术相比，本发明的有益效果体现在：
1、本发明调和出的水性聚醚耦合剂具有对聚醚在高碱性环境下耦合能力强、添加量少的特点，比单一组分的耦合剂具有更强的耦合能力，同时其还具有一定的防锈性能、清洗性能，可以减少切削液或清洗剂中防锈剂、表面活性剂的添加量，大大降低生产成本；
2、本发明的水性聚醚耦合剂具有低泡、气味小等优点，水中可溶，添加方便简单。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例按如下步骤制备水性聚醚耦合剂：
称取22kg去离子水、30kg聚醚胺D230、10kg三乙醇胺加入到反应釜中，打开搅拌，加热升温至80℃，保持恒温；然后边搅拌边加入10kg对叔丁基苯甲酸、3kg N-酰基氨基酸、15kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C12的烷基)、10kg二聚酸(含有36个碳的二聚酸)，再搅拌反应60分钟，即得水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
实施例2
本实施例按如下步骤制备水性聚醚耦合剂：
称取30kg去离子水、18kg聚醚胺D2000、20kg三乙醇胺加入到反应釜中，打开搅拌，加热升温至80℃，保持恒温；然后变搅拌边加入5kg苯甲酸、10kg对叔丁基苯甲酸、3kg N-酰基氨基酸、10kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C14的烷基)、5kg二聚酸(含有21个碳的二聚酸)，搅拌反应60分钟，即得一种水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
实施例3
本实施例按如下步骤制备水性聚醚耦合剂：
称取30kg去离子水、10kg聚醚胺D2000、30kg三乙醇胺、2kg氢氧化钾加入到反应釜中，打开搅拌，加热升温至80℃，保持恒温；然后变搅拌边加入20kg对叔丁基苯甲酸、15kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C12的烷基)、10kg正辛酸，搅拌反应60分钟，即得水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
实施例4
本实施例按如下步骤制备水性聚醚耦合剂：
称取15kg去离子水、15kg聚醚胺D2000、25kg三乙醇胺加入到反应釜中，打开搅拌，加热升温至80℃，保持恒温；然后变搅拌边加入18kg对叔丁基苯甲酸、3kg N-酰基氨基酸、15kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C13的烷基)、5kg正辛酸、5g二聚酸(含有21个碳的二聚酸)，搅拌反应60分钟，即得一种水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
实施例5
本实施例按如下步骤制备水性聚醚耦合剂：
称取4kg去离子水、20kg聚醚胺D2000、30kg三乙醇胺加入到反应釜中，打开搅拌，加热升温至80℃，保持恒温；然后变搅拌边加入15kg对叔丁基苯甲酸、3kg N-酰基氨基酸、20kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C13的烷基)、7kg辛癸酸、1g二聚酸(含有21个碳的二聚酸)，搅拌反应60分钟，即得一种水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
实施例6
本实施例按如下步骤制备水性聚醚耦合剂：
称取8kg去离子水、22kg聚醚胺D2000、23kg三乙醇胺加入到反应釜中，打开搅拌，加热升温至80℃，保持恒温；然后变搅拌边加入20kg对叔丁基苯甲酸、3kg N-酰基氨基酸、14kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C12的烷基)、7kg异壬酸、3g二聚酸(含有21个碳的二聚酸)，搅拌反应60分钟，即得一种水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
为测试上述实施例所得聚醚耦合剂的性能，按如下配比配制切削液：
Figure BDA0001189788400000041
所配的切削液呈浑浊状态，向其中加入各实施例所得聚醚耦合剂直至切削液透明，记录聚醚耦合剂的添加量，同时以市售RP940和市售CH24聚醚耦合剂作为对比。具体结果参见表1：
表1
聚醚耦合剂 添加量
实施例1 2g
实施例2 2.8g
实施例3 1.7g
实施例4 1.9g
实施例5 1.3g
实施例6 1.8g
市售RP940 2.5g
市售CH24聚醚耦合剂 3g
由表1可知，本发明调和出的水性聚醚耦合剂具有对聚醚在高碱性环境下耦合能力强、添加量少的特点，比单一组分的耦合剂具有更强的耦合能力。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种水性聚醚耦合剂，其特征在于：所述水性聚醚耦合剂的各组分按重量百分比的构成为：
Figure FDA0002305418420000011
所述酰基氨基酸为N-酰基氨基酸；所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸钠为RO(CH2CH2O)10CH2COONa，R为C12～C14的烷基；
所述有机酸为C2-C40的直链或带有支链的一元酸或二元酸；
所述有机胺为三乙醇胺；
所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠中的至少一种。
2.一种权利要求1所述水性聚醚耦合剂的制备方法，其特征在于：首先按配比将去离子水、有机胺、无机碱加入到反应釜中，升温到80℃，保持恒温，然后按配比边搅拌边加入苯甲酸、对叔丁基苯甲酸、酰基氨基酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸钠和有机酸，再搅拌反应50～70分钟至透明，即获得水溶性聚醚耦合剂。
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