CN106634979A - 一种掺氮碳量子点及其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种掺氮碳量子点及其制备方法及应用，所述掺氮碳量子点，将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。本发明方法操作简单，环境友好，对设备要求低，制得的掺氮量子点具有优异的发光性能，能够广泛应用于广电材料、生物成像、荧光探针等领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料科学技术领域，具体是一种掺氮碳量子点及其制备方法及应用。
背景技术
量子点材料是一种准零维的纳米材料，通常是指半径小于激子玻尔半径的半导体纳米晶体，具有显著的量子限域效应。传统的量子点指半导体量子点，由稀土元素II-VI和III-V族元素组成(如CdS、PbS、CdSe、InAs、InP等)。此类量子点毒性大、制备成本高且环境污染严重，限制了其广泛应用。2004年美国拉罗莱纳州大学WalterA.Scrivens教授在制备单壁碳纳米管时意外发现了一种碳纳米颗粒荧光材料，即它在光照或者特定波长光波激发下可以发出明亮的光。2006年Sun等人用激光刻蚀法在实验室成功制备出碳纳米颗粒，并正式命名为“碳量子点”(Carbonquantumdots，简称CQDs)，逐渐成为光致发光领域的研究热点。碳量子点作为碳材料家族(碳纳米管，金刚石，石墨烯等)中的“最小成员”，具有以下特点：其粒径一般小于10nm、同时具备下转化和上转化发光性能、光稳定性极好、无光漂白和光闪烁、易于表面功能化、生物相容性好等优异特性，有望成为传统半导体量子点的替代物。目前制备碳量子点的方法很多，如激光刻蚀法、电化学电、电弧放电法、微波法等，但这些方法无论是从原料上还是制备流程上都很复杂，操作麻烦，原料及设备昂贵，工艺繁琐，产率低，且量子产率极低(<10％)，往往需进一步的后处理才能得到荧光产额高发光性能好的碳量子点，这也极大的限制了碳量子点的大规模制备和广泛应用。因此，如何选用廉价易得的原材料，通过一步反应制备出高量子产率和优异光致发光特性的碳量子点，已成为这个领域的重大挑战。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种掺氮碳量子点及其制备方法及应用，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸25-30份、有机胺15-30份、柠檬酸钠8-16份、酒石酸钾4-10份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸26-29份、有机胺23-26份、柠檬酸钠11-15份、酒石酸钾5-9份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸28份、有机胺24份、柠檬酸钠13份、酒石酸钾7份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述有机酸为乳酸、琥珀酸或枸橼酸中的任意一种。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述有机胺为二乙醇胺、三乙烯二胺、3-甲氧基苯胺或邻溴苯胺中的任意一种。
一种掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为120℃-140℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为20MPa-40MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
作为本发明进一步的方案：具体步骤中加热温度为130℃。
作为本发明进一步的方案：具体步骤中压力为30MPa。
所述的掺氮碳量子点在荧光探针中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
与现存的其他掺氮碳量子点制备方法相比，本发明所述方法原料来源广泛且价格低廉，对环境友好，操作简便，无需后处理，使大规模制备和广泛应用成为可能。此外，该法所制掺氮碳量子点表面氨基、羧基和羟基等功能基团的存在使得对碳量子点表面的进一步修饰可方便地进行，如生物分子的共价耦联等，从而拓展该法制备的碳量子点更多的用途，如作为荧光探针用于生物医学相关研究和检测等。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸25份、有机胺15份、柠檬酸钠8份、酒石酸钾4份；所述有机酸为乳酸；所述有机胺为二乙醇胺。
一种掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为120℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为20MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
实施例2
一种掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸26份、有机胺23份、柠檬酸钠11份、酒石酸钾5份；所述有机酸为琥珀酸；所述有机胺为三乙烯二胺。
一种掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为120℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为20MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
实施例3
一种掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸28份、有机胺24份、柠檬酸钠13份、酒石酸钾7份；所述有机酸为枸橼酸；所述有机胺为3-甲氧基苯胺。
一种掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为130℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为30MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
实施例4
一种掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸29份、有机胺26份、柠檬酸钠15份、酒石酸钾9份；所述有机酸为琥珀酸；所述有机胺为邻溴苯胺。
一种掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为140℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为40MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
实施例5
一种掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸30份、有机胺30份、柠檬酸钠16份、酒石酸钾10份；所述有机酸为乳酸；所述有机胺为二乙醇胺。
一种掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为140℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为40MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
实施例6
一种掺氮碳量子点在荧光探针中的应用：
将掺氮碳量子点与探针进行结合，即得。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
1.一种掺氮碳量子点，其特征在于，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸25-30份、有机胺15-30份、柠檬酸钠8-16份、酒石酸钾4-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的掺氮碳量子点，其特征在于，所述掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸26-29份、有机胺23-26份、柠檬酸钠11-15份、酒石酸钾5-9份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的掺氮碳量子点，其特征在于，所述掺氮碳量子点，按照重量份的原料为：有机酸28份、有机胺24份、柠檬酸钠13份、酒石酸钾7份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的掺氮碳量子点，其特征在于，所述有机酸为乳酸、琥珀酸或枸橼酸中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的掺氮碳量子点，其特征在于，所述有机胺为二乙醇胺、三乙烯二胺、3-甲氧基苯胺或邻溴苯胺中的任意一种。
6.一种如权利要求1-5任一所述的掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤为：
按计量比将有机酸和有机胺加热混合，加热温度为120℃-140℃，得到掺氮的碳量子点水分散液，随后添加柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钾，置于反应釜中反应，压力为20MPa-40MPa，加压反应后进行萃取及冷冻真空干燥，即得。
7.根据权利要求6所述的掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤中加热温度为130℃。
8.根据权利要求6所述的掺氮碳量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤中压力为30MPa。
9.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的掺氮碳量子点在荧光探针中的应用。
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| CN103332674A (zh) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-02 | 上海交通大学 | 一种基于酒石酸和有机胺水热合成碳量子点的方法 |
| CN103756675A (zh) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-30 | 西安亚博生物技术有限公司 | 一种掺氮碳量子点及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103923647A (zh) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种掺氮高致发光的碳量子点及其制备方法 |
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| CN103756675A (zh) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-30 | 西安亚博生物技术有限公司 | 一种掺氮碳量子点及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103923647A (zh) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种掺氮高致发光的碳量子点及其制备方法 |
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| CN107604011B (zh) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-07-31 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种采用碳量子点作为促进剂提高厌氧发酵产气的方法 |
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