CN106633451B - Using CO2The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material - Google Patents
Using CO2The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of to use CO2The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material, by raw material and CO2Combined foaming agent and composite nucleating agent, infrared barrier agent are added in extrusion foaming unit and foam, and use twin-screw extrusion unit, after extrusion foaming, secondary frothing forming is carried out after carrying out shaping cooling, to obtain high compressive strength, high-dimensional stability, the high extruded polystyrene foaming plate being insulated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of polystyrol foam material, it is related specifically to using CO2For main foaming agent
The preparation method for the extruded polystyrene foaming plate that high compressive strength, high-dimensional stability, the height of preparation are insulated.
Background technique
Chinese Polystyrene foam industry especially extruded polystyrene foaming plate (XPS) foam industry is being contained
The superseded work of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) foaming agent, selected main substitute technology is CO2/ alcohol/third component foaming
Foaming technique is combined in agent, i.e., with CO2For primary blowing agent, it is aided with alcohol and ODP value is the lower third component foaming of 0, GWP value
Agent is the preparation that auxiliary blowing agent carries out XPS foaming plate.
CO2Boiling point it is very low, be -78.5 DEG C, the vapour pressure under room temperature is up to 6448kPa, in extrusion and foaming process,
In order to contain its prefoam in extruder barrel and head, the operating pressure of system is higher than using HCFCs as foaming
The operating pressure of agent.In addition, CO2With the poor compatibility of PS, the solubility compared with HCFCs in PS melt is lower, it is also desirable to
Its solubility in PS is improved by lifting system operating pressure or adjustment composition of raw materials.
CO2Relative molecular weight it is low, diffusion velocity is very fast, and the product for obtaining low-density acquires a certain degree of difficulty. CO2Thermal conductivity
(25 DEG C) of rate are 16.6mW/ (mk), are affected to the heat-insulating property of the foamed products of preparation.
The molecular weight of ethyl alcohol is 46.0, with CO2Molecular weight very close to (44.0), vapor phase thermal conductivity (25 DEG C) is
14.4mW/m.K, diffusion coefficient are substantially less than CO2.The boiling point of ethyl alcohol is 78 DEG C, is low volatility foaming agent.
Ethyl alcohol has significant plasticization to PS melt, the viscosity of PS melt can be greatly reduced, especially with ethyl alcohol
The viscosity of the increase of dosage, PS melt persistently reduces, and CO2The plasticization effect of PS melt is weakened as dosage increases, is become
It obtains less significant.Just because of this significant plasticization of ethyl alcohol, the temperature of PS melt can be greatly reduced.But ethyl alcohol
Addition can not reduce the critical pressure of foaming, using CO2/ ethanol composition foaming agent uses CO with independent2Foaming agent system
The critical pressure of system is identical, generally requires in 6-7MPa, and thus the XPS foam thicker to preparation brings difficulty, in general, adopting
Use CO2The thickness of the XPS foamed plastics of/ethanol composition foaming agent preparation is no more than 60mm.Further, since the boiling point of ethyl alcohol is
78 DEG C, be at normal temperature liquid, is easy to shrink after resulting XPS foaming plate molding, the especially higher Shi Gengwei of ethanol consumption
It is prominent, to be easy to cause the dimensional stability problems of product.
For the more excellent XPS foam of processability, industry usually uses CO in practice at present2/ ethyl alcohol/third group
Distribute infusion (ODP value is that 0, GWP value is lower) combination foaming technique, used third component foaming agent requires its ODP value to be
0, GWP value is lower, be suitable for can be as the substitute of third component foaming agent hydro carbons, ether, ester and ODP value be 0, GWP
It is worth lower HFCs, generally can requires to reasonably select third component according to the different of product thickness, heat-insulating property and flame retardant property
Foaming agent.
In summary, using CO2For main foaming agent and it is aided with environmental-friendly and weather close friend auxiliary blowing agent progress XPS
The preparation of foaming plate, face following outstanding problem: (1) product thickness problem prepares thickness " plate of 60mm have it is certain tired
It is difficult；(2) the higher problem of thermal coefficient, it is however generally that, preparing thermal conductivity under room temperature, " 0.030mW/m.K has difficulties；(3) fire-retardant
Problem, due to using inflammable blowing agent, the plate for preparing fire retardant rank has difficulties；(4) high-performance question prepares dimensionally stable
Good, low-density the high intensity of property, high-modulus XPS plate material have difficulties.
In order to overcome the above problem, researcher, which has attempted multiple technologies scheme, to be improved.C.V.Vo (Cellular
Polymer, Vol.30, No.3,2011) using graphite (or carbon black) prevent radiant heat transfer from improving use as infrared barrier agent
CO2+ alcohol is the heat-insulating property of the XPS plate material of foaming agent preparation.CN101720270A is disclosed using nano-graphite and HFC-
134 polystyrene preparation method.CN102604249A is disclosed using flame-retardant polystyrene polymer production flame-retardant foam
The method of plastics.CN1907683A and CN101234520A individually discloses the vacuum cylinder of a kind of foam board production and true
Empty forming technique foam board production line.In above-mentioned solution, XPS foamed board no doubt can be improved using graphite or carbon black
The heat-insulating property of material, but since carbon black and graphite are inorganic matter, can be used as nucleating agent, by abscess-size to foam and close
Degree has an impact, in addition, graphite and carbon black, which will lead to plate color, becomes dark, the color in process is dirty serious.Using true
Empty foaming, other than the performance to PS resin proposes high requirement, for CO2The applicability of+alcohol foaming system is still
It need to be studied.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is proposed based on CO2Combined foaming agent, using composite nucleating agent and organic
Macromolecule infrared barrier agent, and the excellent size stability, high intensity, height of low-density can be prepared in conjunction with secondary frothing forming
The new process of the low XPS plate material preparation of modulus, thermal coefficient.
Used technological means of the invention are as follows: a kind of to use CO2Combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material
Preparation method, by raw material and CO2Combined foaming agent and composite nucleating agent, infrared barrier agent be added in extrusion foaming unit into
Row foaming；Raw material is polystyrene；Wherein, CO2Combined foaming agent refers to, with CO2, based on alcohol, it is compound with HCFC-134a,
HFC-152a, normal butane, iso-butane or HFO-1234ze；Wherein, composite nucleating agent refers to, with sodium bicarbonate and citric acid group
At mixture, calcium bicarbonate and citric acid composition mixture, magnesium bicarbonate and citric acid composition mixture, sodium carbonate with
The mixture of the mixture of citric acid composition, the mixture of calcium carbonate and citric acid composition or magnesium carbonate and citric acid composition, point
The composite nucleating agent to be formed is not combined with talcum powder, calcium silicates, graphite or carbon black；Wherein, infrared barrier agent refers to, thermoplastic poly
Ester or polyvalent alcohol.
The polystyrene is general purpose grade, melt flow rate (MFR) 1-25g/10min.
Melt flow rate (MFR) 1-10g/10min.
Raw material is polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and it is total that styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer accounts for polystyrene
The mass percentage of mixed styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer total amount is 1-20%.
In CO2In combined foaming agent, CO2Mass percentage be raw material 3%-5%；The mass percentage of ethyl alcohol
For the 1-3% of raw material；HCFC-134a, HFC-152a, normal butane, iso-butane or HFO-1234ze mass percentage be original
The 1-2% of material.
In composite nucleating agent, mixture, calcium bicarbonate and the citric acid of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid composition are formed mixed
Close mixture, calcium carbonate and the citric acid group of object, the mixture of magnesium bicarbonate and citric acid composition, sodium carbonate and citric acid composition
At mixture or magnesium carbonate and citric acid composition mixture mass percentage be raw material 0.5%-1%；Talcum powder,
The mass percentage of calcium silicates, graphite or carbon black is the 0.5%-2% of raw material.
The infrared barrier agent is polyethylene terephthalate -1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol ester or polyethylene glycol.
The mass percentage of the infrared barrier agent is the 0.5-5% of raw material.
Extrusion foaming unit is twin-screw extrusion unit, after extrusion foaming, carry out shaping it is cooling after carry out second time of foaming at
Type.
Secondary frothing forming pressure is vacuum.
Using method of the invention, available high compressive strength, high-dimensional stability, the high extruded polystyrene being insulated
Foaming plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is a kind of to use CO2The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material, by raw material and CO2
Combined foaming agent and composite nucleating agent, infrared barrier agent are added in extrusion foaming unit and foam；Raw material is polystyrene.
Wherein, CO2Combined foaming agent refers to, with CO2, based on alcohol, it is compound with HCFC-134a, HFC-152a, positive fourth
Alkane, iso-butane or HFO-1234ze.
Wherein, composite nucleating agent refers to, mixture, calcium bicarbonate and the citric acid group formed with sodium bicarbonate and citric acid
At mixture, magnesium bicarbonate and citric acid composition mixture, sodium carbonate and citric acid composition mixture, calcium carbonate and lemon
Lemon acid composition mixture or magnesium carbonate and citric acid composition mixture, respectively with talcum powder, calcium silicates, graphite or carbon black group
Close the composite nucleating agent formed.
Wherein, infrared barrier agent refers to, thermoplastic polyester or polyvalent alcohol.
The polystyrene is general purpose grade, melt flow rate (MFR) 1-25g/10min, most preferably melt flow rate (MFR) 1-10g/
10min.To further increase expansion ratio, raw material can be polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-
The mass percentage that acrylonitrile copolymer accounts for polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer total amount is 1-20%.
In CO2In combined foaming agent, preferably CO2Mass percentage be raw material 3%-5%；The quality percentage of ethyl alcohol
Content is the 1-3% of raw material；HCFC-134a, HFC-152a, normal butane, iso-butane or HFO-1234ze mass percentage
For the 1-2% of raw material.
In composite nucleating agent, preferably mixture, calcium bicarbonate and the citric acid of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid composition is formed
Mixture, magnesium bicarbonate and citric acid composition mixture, sodium carbonate and citric acid composition mixture, calcium carbonate and lemon
The mass percentage of the mixture of the mixture or magnesium carbonate and citric acid composition of acid composition is the 0.5%-1% of raw material；It is sliding
Mountain flour, calcium silicates, graphite or carbon black mass percentage be the 0.5%-2% of raw material.
The preferred polyethylene terephthalate of the infrared barrier agent -1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol ester or polyethylene glycol.It should
The mass percentage of infrared barrier agent is preferably the 0.5-5% of raw material.
Extrusion foaming unit used in the present invention is twin-screw extrusion unit, after extrusion foaming, carry out shaping it is cooling after
Carry out secondary frothing forming.
Secondary frothing forming of the present invention, refer to PS foaming plate squeeze out after by press sizing after, then
It is secondary enter secondary frothing forming device, by control molding machine temperature and pressure carry out second time of foaming, pressure can more than often
With or vacuum, be preferably in vacuum.As shown in Figure 1, being process flow chart.
Specific implementation process: PS resin and foaming agent, processing aid are accurately added to extrusion foaming according to above-mentioned outfit
It foams in unit, maintains the appropriate revolving speed of extrusion foaming unit；The temperature for setting each area of extruder keeps each area's pressure suitable
Degree containment prefoam, foaming product are formed on subsidiary engine after head extrusion, are cooling, second time of foaming then being carried out, then to production
Product are packed and stored.
And extruder in this case, foaming and forming apparatus, required temperature, pressure etc., it is the prior art, is this field
What technical staff was known that, details are not described herein.
The following are embodiments
Embodiment 1: using the composite nucleating agent of sodium bicarbonate/citric acid mixtures and talcum powder composition
It is 120 DEG C in blowing temperature, under conditions of head pressure is 6.8MPa, with 3.5% carbon dioxide and 2.6%
Alcohol and 1% HFC-134a as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with the mixture and 1% of 0.5% sodium bicarbonate/citric acid
Talcum powder composition composite nucleating agent, carry out extrusion foaming.Be combined into mixture with being added without, only plus 1% talcum powder be used as at
The extrusion foaming product of core agent compares.
The density of cystosepiment is measured by drainage, universal testing machine measures the compressive strength of foaming plate, and measures
The thermal coefficient of cystosepiment.Acquired results are as shown in the table:
Table 1- foam density, compressive strength and thermal coefficient
Embodiment 1 is intended to determine that composite nucleating agent compared with single nucleating agent, due to thermodynamic phase, can generate
More nucleating points.As shown in table 1, it is added after composite nucleating agent, compared with single nucleating agent talcum powder, there is lower bubble
Foam density, higher compressive strength and lower thermal coefficient.
Embodiment 2: 2% polyethylene terephthalate -1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol ester is chosen as organic high score
Sub- infrared barrier agent.
It is 120 DEG C in blowing temperature, under conditions of head pressure is 6.8MPa, with 3.5% carbon dioxide and 2.6%
Alcohol and 1% HFC-134a as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with the mixture and 1% of 0.5% sodium bicarbonate/citric acid
Talcum powder composition composite nucleating agent, add 2% polyethylene terephthalate -1,4-CHDM ester make
For organic polymer infrared barrier agent, extrusion foaming is carried out.Comparison is under foaming agent and nucleating agent the same terms, organic polymer
The difference of infrared barrier agent and inorganic infrared barrier agent.
Table 2- foam density, compressive strength and thermal coefficient
Embodiment 2 be intended to compare the agent of organic polymer infrared barrier and inorganic infrared barrier agent for polystyrene foam every
The influence of hot property.A kind of effective infrared barrier agent should be conducive to increase reflection as far as possible and absorb and reduce the saturating of heat radiation
It penetrates.Because inorganic infrared barrier agent is incompatible with polystyrene, it is necessary to use the inorganic material ability of relative high weight percentage
It is able to achieve the heat resistance of final insulating product.In addition, inorganic material also tends to serve as effective nucleating agent of foam of polymers,
Generate smaller abscess-size and higher foam density.Polyethylene terephthalate -1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol ester and
Polystyrene has better compatibility and dispersibility, to reduce processing problems present in foam fabrication process, facilitates
Reduce cystosepiment density.Specific parameter is as shown in table 2, and organic polymer infrared barrier agent has polystyrene foam plate more
Low foam density, higher compressive strength and lower thermal coefficient.
Embodiment 3: vacuum second time of foaming
It is 120 DEG C in blowing temperature, under conditions of head pressure is 6.8MPa, with 3.5% carbon dioxide and 2.6%
Alcohol and 1% HFC-134a as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with the mixture and 1% of 0.5% sodium bicarbonate/citric acid
Talcum powder composition composite nucleating agent, add 2% polyethylene terephthalate -1,4-CHDM ester make
For organic polymer infrared barrier agent, extrusion foaming is carried out, product enters back into the progress of second time of foaming device after cooling and shaping
Second time of foaming, temperature are 70 DEG C, time 10min, relative degree of vacuum -0.7MPa.
Table 3- foam density, compressive strength and thermal coefficient
XPS plate material needed for following embodiment also can obtain this case.
Embodiment 4:
Raw material uses General Purpose Polystyrenre, melt flow rate (MFR) 1g/10min；With 3% carbon dioxide and 2% wine
Essence and 1.5% HFC-152a as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with 0.6% sodium carbonate/citric acid mixture and 1% cunning
The composite nucleating agent of mountain flour composition, adding 2% polyethylene terephthalate -1,4-CHDM ester conduct has
Machine macromolecule infrared barrier agent carries out extrusion foaming, and it is secondary that product enters back into the progress of second time of foaming device after cooling and shaping
Foaming.
Embodiment 5:
Raw material uses General Purpose Polystyrenre, and melt flow rate (MFR) 10g/10min mixes styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
The mass percentage that styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer accounts for polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer total amount is 13%.
Using 5% carbon dioxide and 1% alcohol and 2% normal butane as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with 1% magnesium carbonate/lemon
Acid mixture with 2% calcium silicates form composite nucleating agent, add 5% polyethylene glycol it is infrared as organic polymer
Barrier, carries out extrusion foaming, and product enters back into second time of foaming device after cooling and shaping and carries out second time of foaming.
Embodiment 6:
Raw material uses General Purpose Polystyrenre, and melt flow rate (MFR) 15g/10min mixes styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
The mass percentage that styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer accounts for polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer total amount is 1%.
Using 3.1% carbon dioxide and 3% alcohol and 1% HFO-1234ze as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with 0.5% carbon
The mixture of sour calcium/citric acid and 0.5% graphite composition composite nucleating agent, add 0.5% poly terephthalic acid second
Diol ester -1,4-CHDM ester carries out extrusion foaming as organic polymer infrared barrier agent, and product is fixed through supercooling
Second time of foaming device is entered back into after type carries out second time of foaming.
Embodiment 7:
Raw material uses General Purpose Polystyrenre, and melt flow rate (MFR) 25g/10min mixes styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
The mass percentage that styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer accounts for polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer total amount is 20%.
Using 3.9% carbon dioxide and 2.3% alcohol and 1% iso-butane as combined foaming agent, and be equipped with 0.5% carbonic acid
Calcium/citric acid mixture and 0.5% carbon black composition composite nucleating agent, add 0.5% polyethylene glycol as organic
Macromolecule infrared barrier agent, carries out extrusion foaming, and product enters back into second time of foaming device after cooling and shaping and carries out secondary hair
Bubble.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of use CO2The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material, which is characterized in that by raw material with
CO2Combined foaming agent and composite nucleating agent, infrared barrier agent are added in extrusion foaming unit and foam；Raw material is polyphenyl
Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is blended in ethylene, and it is total that styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer accounts for polystyrene blend styrene-acrylonitrile
The mass percentage of polymers total amount is 1-20%；
Wherein, CO2Combined foaming agent refers to, with CO2, based on alcohol, it is compound with HCFC-134a, HFC-152a, it is normal butane, different
Butane or HFO-1234ze；
Wherein, composite nucleating agent refers to, mixture, magnesium bicarbonate and the citric acid composition formed with sodium bicarbonate and citric acid
The mixture or magnesium carbonate and citric acid that mixture, calcium carbonate and the citric acid of mixture, sodium carbonate and citric acid composition form
The mixture of composition combines the composite nucleating agent to be formed with talcum powder, calcium silicates, graphite or carbon black respectively；
In CO2In combined foaming agent, CO2Mass percentage be raw material 3%-5%；The mass percentage of alcohol is raw material
1-3%；HCFC-134a, HFC-152a, normal butane, iso-butane or HFO-1234ze mass percentage be the 1- of raw material
2%；
The infrared barrier agent is polyethylene terephthalate -1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol ester or polyethylene glycol；The infrared resistance
Every the 0.5-5% that the mass percentage of agent is raw material；
Extrusion foaming unit is twin-screw extrusion unit, after extrusion foaming, carry out shaping it is cooling after carry out secondary frothing forming；Two
Secondary foaming pressure is vacuum.
2. using CO as described in claim 12The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material, feature
It is, the polystyrene is general purpose grade, melt flow rate (MFR) 1-25g/10min.
3. using CO as claimed in claim 22The preparation method of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material, feature
It is, wherein melt flow rate (MFR) 1-10g/10min.
4. using CO as claimed in any one of claims 1-32The preparation side of combined foaming agent extruded polystyrene foamed material
Method, which is characterized in that in composite nucleating agent, mixture, sodium carbonate and the citric acid of magnesium bicarbonate and citric acid composition are formed
Mixture, calcium carbonate and citric acid composition mixture or magnesium carbonate and citric acid composition mixture mass percentage
For the 0.5%-1% of raw material；Talcum powder, calcium silicates, graphite or carbon black mass percentage be the 0.5%-2% of raw material.
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| JP6842324B2 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2021-03-17 | 株式会社カネカ | Method for manufacturing styrene resin extruded foam |
| CN108164853A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-15 | 厦门派探特环保科技有限公司 | A kind of novel environment friendly expanded material and preparation method thereof and foam process |
| CN110563994B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江杰上杰新材料有限公司 | Supercritical foaming nucleating agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114702764A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-05 | 南京欧格节能环保科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-performance extruded sheet and preparation method thereof |
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