CN106632975A - 一种mdi体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯 - Google Patents

一种mdi体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯 Download PDF

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CN106632975A
CN106632975A CN201611061879.6A CN201611061879A CN106632975A CN 106632975 A CN106632975 A CN 106632975A CN 201611061879 A CN201611061879 A CN 201611061879A CN 106632975 A CN106632975 A CN 106632975A
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倪张根
林涛
崔正山
李建刚
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Healthcare Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，由以下重量份的原料制成：所述组分及配比如下：以聚醚多元醇总重量份100份为标准，胺类催化剂0.1‑0.8份，锡类催化剂0.05‑0.15份，水发泡剂1.5‑3份，辅助发泡剂1‑10份，交联剂0.1‑1份，均泡剂1‑3份和改性MDI45‑65份；其中，改性MDI是二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与多苯基甲烷多异氰酸酯的混合物，且异氰酸基百分含量控制在20％‑35％，并控制异氰酸酯指数范围在88‑96。本发明的优点在于：本发明配方中的聚醚多元醇作为软段，改性MDI作为硬段，再通过交联剂进行进一步的交联作用，使多个线型分子相互键合交联成网状结构，促进或调解聚合物分子链间共价键或离子键的形成，最终使得其MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯具有更好的透气性特征。

Description

一种MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯
技术领域
本发明涉及一种海绵聚氨酯，特别涉及一种MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯。
背景技术
聚氨酯慢回弹泡沫又称为记忆绵材料。由于聚氨酯慢回弹泡沫具有的形状记忆性、吸能、吸音、吸震等功能，可作为吸收体广泛应用于家居、床上用品、汽车配件、运动器材、医疗机械等领域。
记忆绵在各个应用领域的优异性能，均源于其材料的特殊的粘弹特性，即在材料受到压力的冲击时，既发生了蓄能性形变，也同时发生了耗能性形变，恢复到受压前的形状。现市场上所用的MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，一般包括以下组分：聚醚多元醇、胺类催化剂、锡类催化剂、水发泡剂、辅助发泡剂、开孔剂、均泡剂和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）；然而这种慢回弹海绵存在着开孔率较低、回弹很慢的缺点，使其应用在床垫、枕头时易使人觉得闷热以及无法回弹等现象。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，通过改变其配方的组分和配比，即用改性MDI代替传统TDI，
并采用交联剂交联，形成一种开孔率高、回弹性能优良的透气型MDI体系MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：一种MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，其创新点在于：由以下重量份的原料制成：所述组分及配比如下：以聚醚多元醇总重量份100份为标准，胺类催化剂0.1-0.8 份，锡类催化剂0.05-0.15 份，水发泡剂1.5-3 份，辅助发泡剂1-10 份，交联剂0.1-1 份，均泡剂1-3 份和改性MDI45-65份；其中，改性MDI是二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与多苯基甲烷多异氰酸酯的混合物，且异氰酸基百分含量控制在20％-35％，并控制异氰酸酯指数范围在88-96。
进一步地，所述聚醚多元醇由聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B和聚醚多元醇C 混合而成，各聚醚多元醇的重量份分别为聚醚多元醇A30-60份，聚醚多元醇B 10-40份，聚醚多元醇C 30-60份；且聚醚多元醇A是采用甘油为起始剂，环氧乙烷为封端的聚醚三元醇，分子量为4000-6000；聚醚多元醇B是采用甘油为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为600-800；聚醚多元醇C是采用丙二醇为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为1500-2500。
进一步地，所述交联剂为二乙醇胺或1,4-丁二醇中的一种或几种。
本发明MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，可以通过常用的流水线发泡进行规模化生产，生产工艺如下：将原料中的各组分分别放置在带有计量泵的缸内，通过计量泵按比例喷射到发泡剂混合室，经过充分混合后，通过发泡管及发泡槽均匀平铺在带有输送带的发泡箱内进行自由发泡，发泡后进行熟化，制成透气型MDI体系慢回弹聚氨酯材料。
本发明的优点在于：本发明MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，配方中的聚醚多元醇作为软段，采用了区别于传统普通TDI慢回弹体系的改性MDI作为硬段，再通过交联剂进行进一步的交联作用，使多个线型分子相互键合交联成网状结构，促进或调解聚合物分子链间共价键或离子键的形成，最终使得其MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯具有更好的物理性能及透气性特征。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是实施例1所得到的聚氨酯海绵材料的拉伸应力应变测试曲线。
图2是实施例2所得到的聚氨酯海绵材料的拉伸应力应变测试曲线。
图3是实施例3所得到的聚氨酯海绵材料的拉伸应力应变测试曲线。
图4是对比例所得到的聚氨酯海绵材料的拉伸应力应变测试曲线。
图5是实施例4所得到的聚氨酯海绵材料的拉伸应力应变测试曲线。
图6是实施例5所得到的聚氨酯海绵材料的拉伸应力应变测试曲线。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
本发明MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，由以下重量份的原料制成：所述组分及配比如下：以聚醚多元醇总重量份100份为标准，胺类催化剂0.1-0.8 份，锡类催化剂0.05-0.15份，水发泡剂1.5-3 份，辅助发泡剂1-10 份，交联剂0.1-1 份，均泡剂1-3 份和改性MDI45-65份；其中，改性MDI是二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与多苯基甲烷多异氰酸酯的混合物，且异氰酸基百分含量控制在20％-35％，并控制异氰酸酯指数范围在88-96。
作为实施例，更具体地实施方式为聚醚多元醇由聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B和聚醚多元醇C 混合而成，各聚醚多元醇的重量份分别为聚醚多元醇A30-60份，聚醚多元醇B10-40份，聚醚多元醇C 30-60份；且聚醚多元醇A采用甘油为起始剂，环氧乙烷为封端的聚醚三元醇，分子量为4000-6000（由南京奥赛化工有限公司购得）；聚醚多元醇B是采用甘油为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为600-800（由上海高桥石油化工公司购得）；聚醚多元醇C是采用丙二醇为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为1500-2500（由上海高桥石油化工公司购得）。
胺类催化剂选用叔胺类催化剂（以“A1”或“A33”从迈图有机硅材料（上海）有限公司购得）。
锡类催化剂选用辛酸亚锡（由南京鑫叶高分子科技有限公司购得）。
交联剂选用二乙醇胺或1,4-丁二醇中的一种或几种。
辅助发泡剂（以“MC”或“141B”从淄博德信联邦化学工业有限公司购得）。
均泡剂选用聚硅氧烷-以缩二丙二醇嵌段共聚物（以“BL-8153”、“BL-8002”或“BL-598” 从Evonik Industries AG公司购得）。
改性MDI（以“MDI-100”、“MDI-8122”或“MDI-8105”从万华化学集团有限公司购得）。
下面由以下实施例对该MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯进行详细举例和说明：
上述实施例中的聚醚多元醇中聚醚多元醇A40份，聚醚多元醇B 20份，聚醚多元醇C 40份；且聚醚多元醇A采用甘油为起始剂，环氧乙烷为封端的聚醚三元醇，分子量为5000（由南京奥赛化工有限公司购得）；聚醚多元醇B是采用甘油为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为700（由上海高桥石油化工公司购得）；聚醚多元醇C是采用丙二醇为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为2000（由上海高桥石油化工公司购得）。
改性MDI选用从万华化学集团有限公司购得的“MDI-100”。
均泡剂选用从Evonik Industries AG公司购得的 “BL-8002”。
胺类催化剂选用从迈图有机硅材料（上海）有限公司购得的 “A1”。
锡类催化剂选用从南京鑫叶高分子科技有限公司购得的辛酸亚锡。
交联剂选用二乙醇胺。
辅助发泡剂选用从淄博德信联邦化学工业有限公司购得的“MC”。
实施例1～3MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，可以通过常用的流水线发泡进行规模化生产，生产工艺如下：将原料中的各组分分别放置在带有计量泵的缸内，通过计量泵按比例喷射到发泡剂混合室，经过充分混合后，通过发泡管及发泡槽均匀平铺在带有输送带的发泡箱内进行自由发泡，发泡后进行熟化，制成透气型MDI体系慢回弹聚氨酯材料。
选取常规普通TDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯作为对比例
对比例
对比例1中所采用的TDI为异氰酸酯基百分含量为48％（从Bayer公司购得）；开孔剂选用环氧乙烷、甲基环氧乙烷和丙三醇的共聚物（以“1900”从南京华冉化工科技有限公司购得）；其他组分均选用与实施例相同的组分。
将上述实施例1～3的MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯与常规普通TDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯的物理性能进行对比：
透气率采用型号HD-YG461E海绵透气率测试仪，具体参数如下，电压：220V。样品规格为：喷嘴压差：338Pa；试样压差：200Pa；试样面积：38.3cm2。
力学性能采用IFD海绵测试仪，型号：KS-1300；电流：5A；电压：AC 220V；最大力值范围：1500N；力值精度：1N；最大位移范围：250mm；位移精度：0.01mm；速度范围：0-300mm/min。样品规格为35cm×35cm×5cm。
拉伸应力应变测试采用拉伸应力应变测试仪，型号：KS-1600，测试速度：（500±50）mm/min，测试温度：（23±2）℃；相对湿度：（50±5）％。样品规格：152mm×25mm×10mm。其测试结果见表1。
表1 实施例1～3MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯与常规普通TDI体系MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯的物理性能对比表格
由上表可以看出，实施例1～3的MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯与常规普通TDI体系MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯相比，透气性能得到了很大的提升，同时，拉伸强度及拉伸率均有明显的改善；此外，实施例1～3相互比较，实施例1的各项性能为最优，透气性能最佳。
为了探讨不同类交联剂对透气性能的影响，与实施例1相比，实施例4用1,4-丁二醇代替二乙醇胺，实施例5用二乙醇胺和1,4-丁二醇的混合物代替二乙醇胺，作为实施例4与实施例5，方案如下：
且其他性能见表2
综合表1和表2，实施例1所制备出的慢回弹聚氨酯具有更好的物理性能，以及更优越的透气性能，因而实施例1为最佳实施例。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征以及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (3)

1.一种MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，其特征在于：由以下重量份的原料制成：所述组分及配比如下：以聚醚多元醇总重量份100份为标准，胺类催化剂0.1-0.8 份，锡类催化剂0.05-0.15 份，水发泡剂1.5-3 份，辅助发泡剂1-10 份，交联剂0.1-1 份，均泡剂1-3 份和改性MDI45-65份；其中，改性MDI是二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与多苯基甲烷多异氰酸酯的混合物，且异氰酸基百分含量控制在20％-35％，并控制异氰酸酯指数范围在88-96。
2.根据权利要求1所述的MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，其特征在于：所述聚醚多元醇由聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B和聚醚多元醇C 混合而成，各聚醚多元醇的重量份分别为聚醚多元醇A30-60份，聚醚多元醇B 10-40份，聚醚多元醇C 30-60份；且聚醚多元醇A是采用甘油为起始剂，环氧乙烷为封端的聚醚三元醇，分子量为4000-6000；聚醚多元醇B是采用甘油为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为600-800；聚醚多元醇C是采用丙二醇为起始剂，环氧丙烷为封端的聚醚二元醇，分子量为1500-2500。
3.根据权利要求1所述的MDI体系的透气慢回弹聚氨酯，其特征在于：所述交联剂为二乙醇胺或1,4-丁二醇中的一种或几种。
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