CN106631063A - 一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106631063A
CN106631063A CN201611175838.XA CN201611175838A CN106631063A CN 106631063 A CN106631063 A CN 106631063A CN 201611175838 A CN201611175838 A CN 201611175838A CN 106631063 A CN106631063 A CN 106631063A
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refractory brick
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晋元龙
陈德全
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Ma'an Mountain Bao Long Building Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制成：硅质页岩13‑24、碱渣18‑27、蓝晶石15‑25、三水铝石11‑19、二氧化铈5‑9、钢厂除尘灰15‑20、符山石10‑15、紫砂泥20‑30、膨润土24‑32、滑石14‑22、斜锆石15‑25、超细钼粉12‑24、缩合磷酸铝8‑13、草酸钇4‑8。本发明制得的耐火砖晶体结构致密，荷重软化温度高，抗热震性好，常温及高温下机械强度高，耐磨性好，热导率好，且有优良的抵抗熔渣侵蚀的能力，特别适合高温熔炉的溶液熔渣腐蚀侵入，用途范围广，使用效果很好。

Description

一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖及其制备方法，属于耐火材料领域。
背景技术
耐火砖是一种建筑材料砖类，它的属性跟它名字一样“耐火”。它是用耐火黏土或其他耐火原料烧制成的耐火材料，能够在高温下能经受各种物理化学变化和机械作用。耐火砖在我们的生活中并不常见，但却在一些和我们生活息息相关的建筑中出现，比如房屋建筑、窑炉建筑、热工设备等。
专利号为：201510494613.X的发明专利公开了一种利用煤矸石生产的发泡保温耐火砖及其制备方法，其原料组成按重量份配比为煤矸石40～60份、铝土矿尾矿30～50份、粉煤灰2～15份，硅砂0～15份、亚硫酸纸浆废液0～1份。该发明提供的一种利用煤矸石为主要原料生产的发泡保温耐火砖及其制备方法，虽然解决了目前国内市场上轻质耐火保温砖耐火度低、成型差、强度低与成本高的问题，但是随着科学技术的快速发展以及经济水平的不断提高，对耐火砖的抗熔渣侵蚀性能提出了更高的要求，市场上需要一种抗熔渣侵蚀性能更优异的耐火砖。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖及其制备方法。
为了实现上目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖，由以下重量份的原料制成：硅质页岩13-24、碱渣18-27、蓝晶石15-25、三水铝石11-19、二氧化铈5-9、钢厂除尘灰15-20、符山石10-15、紫砂泥20-30、膨润土24-32、滑石14-22、斜锆石15-25、超细钼粉12-24、缩合磷酸铝8-13、草酸钇4-8。
一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖的制备方法，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将硅质页岩、滑石、斜锆石混合均匀，粉碎，过70-90目筛，加入相当于混合粉末质量30-40%的碳酸钠和35-45%的硝酸钠，1000-1500r/min干法球磨5-10min，然后在900-950℃的温度下煅烧3-5h，冷却至室温；
（2）将蓝晶石、三水铝石、符山石混合均匀，粉碎，过60-80目筛，加入步骤（1）煅烧后的粉末，混合均匀，再加入相当于混合粉末质量45-55%的硫酸钠和20-30%的氯化钠，800-1200r/min干法球磨10-15min，然后在500-700W的功率下微波加热3-4h，再在800-1000W的功率下微波加热1.5-2.5h，冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤干净，干燥；
（3）将紫砂泥、膨润土、碱渣混合均匀，粉碎，过80-100目筛，然后加入适量的水，搅拌均匀，使得混合料的含水率控制在35-40%，再加入步骤（2）制得的粉末以及二氧化铈、钢厂除尘灰、超细钼粉、缩合磷酸铝、草酸钇等原料，搅拌均匀；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的湿料加入到制砖机中压制成型，成型压力为18-24MPa；然后将成型后的湿坯自然养护25-40h，再在95-105℃的温度下干燥至含水率≤3%；
（5）将步骤（4）干燥的砖坯以4-6℃/min的速率升温至400-450℃，保温4-6h，再以3-5℃/min的速率升温至920-980℃，保温6-8h，再以6-9℃/min的速率升温至1430-1470℃，保温5-7h，然后以5-7℃/min的速率降温至890-930℃，保温5-6h，再以3-6℃/min的速率降温至380-440℃，保温2-3h，冷却至常温即可。
本发明的有益效果：
（1）本发明首先将硅质页岩、滑石、斜锆石在碳酸钠和硝酸钠的熔盐下煅烧，然后再与蓝晶石、三水铝石、符山石混合，在硫酸钠和氯化钠的熔盐下微波煅烧得到的复合粉体具有优异的耐火性能，加入砖中作为原料，可以显著耐火砖的耐火度；
（2）本发明制得的耐火砖晶体结构致密，荷重软化温度高，抗热震性好，常温及高温下机械强度高，耐磨性好，热导率好，且有优良的抵抗熔渣侵蚀的能力，特别适合高温熔炉的溶液熔渣腐蚀侵入，用途范围广，使用效果很好。
具体实施方式
一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖，由以下重量（kg）的原料制成：硅质页岩19、碱渣22、蓝晶石20、三水铝石15、二氧化铈7、钢厂除尘灰18、符山石12、紫砂泥25、膨润土28、滑石18、斜锆石20、超细钼粉18、缩合磷酸铝10、草酸钇6。
一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖的制备方法，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将硅质页岩、滑石、斜锆石混合均匀，粉碎，过80目筛，加入相当于混合粉末质量35%的碳酸钠和40%的硝酸钠，1200r/min干法球磨8min，然后在930℃的温度下煅烧4h，冷却至室温；
（2）将蓝晶石、三水铝石、符山石混合均匀，粉碎，过70目筛，加入步骤（1）煅烧后的粉末，混合均匀，再加入相当于混合粉末质量50%的硫酸钠和25%的氯化钠，1000r/min干法球磨12min，然后在600W的功率下微波加热3h，再在900W的功率下微波加热2h，冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤干净，干燥；
（3）将紫砂泥、膨润土、碱渣混合均匀，粉碎，过90目筛，然后加入适量的水，搅拌均匀，使得混合料的含水率控制在36%，再加入步骤（2）制得的粉末以及二氧化铈、钢厂除尘灰、超细钼粉、缩合磷酸铝、草酸钇等原料，搅拌均匀；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的湿料加入到制砖机中压制成型，成型压力为22MPa；然后将成型后的湿坯自然养护35h，再在100℃的温度下干燥至含水率≤3%；
（5）将步骤（4）干燥的砖坯以5℃/min的速率升温至420℃，保温5h，再以4℃/min的速率升温至960℃，保温7h，再以8℃/min的速率升温至1450℃，保温6h，然后以6℃/min的速率降温至910℃，保温5h，再以4℃/min的速率降温至420℃，保温2.5h，冷却至常温即可。
上述实施例制得的耐火砖的的主要性能检测结果如下表所示：
项目 单位 检测结果
耐火度 ℃ 1800
耐压强度 MPa 78
抗折强度 MPa 22
荷重软化温度（T0.6） ℃ 1680
热震稳定性（1100℃，水冷） 次 24
熔渣侵蚀深度（1000℃，24h） mm 2.2

Claims (2)

1.一种抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：硅质页岩13-24、碱渣18-27、蓝晶石15-25、三水铝石11-19、二氧化铈5-9、钢厂除尘灰15-20、符山石10-15、紫砂泥20-30、膨润土24-32、滑石14-22、斜锆石15-25、超细钼粉12-24、缩合磷酸铝8-13、草酸钇4-8。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的抗熔渣侵蚀耐火砖的制备方法，其特征在于，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将硅质页岩、滑石、斜锆石混合均匀，粉碎，过70-90目筛，加入相当于混合粉末质量30-40%的碳酸钠和35-45%的硝酸钠，1000-1500r/min干法球磨5-10min，然后在900-950℃的温度下煅烧3-5h，冷却至室温；
（2）将蓝晶石、三水铝石、符山石混合均匀，粉碎，过60-80目筛，加入步骤（1）煅烧后的粉末，混合均匀，再加入相当于混合粉末质量45-55%的硫酸钠和20-30%的氯化钠，800-1200r/min干法球磨10-15min，然后在500-700W的功率下微波加热3-4h，再在800-1000W的功率下微波加热1.5-2.5h，冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤干净，干燥；
（3）将紫砂泥、膨润土、碱渣混合均匀，粉碎，过80-100目筛，然后加入适量的水，搅拌均匀，使得混合料的含水率控制在35-40%，再加入步骤（2）制得的粉末以及二氧化铈、钢厂除尘灰、超细钼粉、缩合磷酸铝、草酸钇等原料，搅拌均匀；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的湿料加入到制砖机中压制成型，成型压力为18-24MPa；然后将成型后的湿坯自然养护25-40h，再在95-105℃的温度下干燥至含水率≤3%；
（5）将步骤（4）干燥的砖坯以4-6℃/min的速率升温至400-450℃，保温4-6h，再以3-5℃/min的速率升温至920-980℃，保温6-8h，再以6-9℃/min的速率升温至1430-1470℃，保温5-7h，然后以5-7℃/min的速率降温至890-930℃，保温5-6h，再以3-6℃/min的速率降温至380-440℃，保温2-3h，冷却至常温即可。
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