CN106630515B - Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge - Google Patents

Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106630515B
CN106630515B CN201710135893.4A CN201710135893A CN106630515B CN 106630515 B CN106630515 B CN 106630515B CN 201710135893 A CN201710135893 A CN 201710135893A CN 106630515 B CN106630515 B CN 106630515B
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oil
crushing
sludge
water
outlet
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CN106630515A (en
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仇霞霞
李艺凡
冷增冰
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/144—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
    • C10G1/045—Separation of insoluble materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
    • C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
    • C02F2103/365—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment system, crushing equipment and a treatment method of oily sludge. The device comprises an inlet cylinder body, a crushing cylinder body, a double-roller shredding mechanism, a rotary shaft type crushing mechanism, a high-pressure water spraying device and a first oil scraping device; the lower part of the inlet cylinder is connected with the crushing cylinder, the high-pressure water spraying device is arranged above or in the inlet cylinder, and the pair roller type shredding mechanism is arranged in the inlet cylinder; the crushing cylinder is provided with a floating oil space above the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism, a first oil scraping device is arranged in the floating oil space, a first floating oil discharge outlet which can be opened and closed is arranged at the opposite end of the first oil scraping device, and an oil-containing sludge discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the crushing cylinder. The invention combines multistage crushing, multistage degreasing and efficient oil sticking or extraction into the oil sludge treatment equipment, and is applicable to oil sludge with different oil contents, in particular to oil sludge with lower oil content or serious emulsification.

Description

Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment system and crushing equipment for oily sludge and a treatment method thereof.
Background
The oil sludge mainly refers to oil-containing sludge formed by crude oil or other oil products, soil and the like caused by various reasons, and oil-containing sediment and the like carried by a system in normal production of an oil field, and is solid waste rich in mineral oil, and the main components are crude oil, mud and water. The solid particle size may be from less than a micron to a few inches, and the composition of the oil may vary over time depending on the crude oil type, refinery architecture and operating conditions. Usually, the sludge contains a certain amount of crude oil, heavy metal ions (such as iron, copper, nickel and the like), inorganic salt compounds and the like. These sludge generally contains substances such as benzene series, phenols and the like, and is accompanied with malodor and toxicity, if the sludge is directly contacted with natural environment, the soil is poisoned, acidified or alkalized, the soil and soil texture structure is changed, the plant root system growth is prevented, the water body and vegetation are polluted greatly, and the waste of petroleum resources is also meant.
The oily sludge belongs to a multiphase system, generally comprises oil-in-water (O/W), water-in-oil (W/O) and suspended solids, suspended solids and colloid particles in the sludge are fully emulsified with oil and water to form a stable suspension emulsion system, the viscosity is higher, and sedimentation is difficult. The method has the characteristics of complex components, high water content, large volume, large quantity of harmful components exceeding the emission standard, higher heat value, few comprehensive utilization modes, large treatment difficulty and the like.
According to the Chinese hazardous waste directory, the oil sludge is listed in the oil-containing waste class (HW 08 item) in the national hazardous waste directory. Its long-term and potential environmental hazards are attracting great attention. The development of oil sludge management and prevention technology research is an important task of the national environmental protection work at present. Therefore, how to make the oil-containing sludge harmless and recycling is also an important environmental protection problem to be solved in advance of the oil refining industry.
The existing treatment technologies of solid wastes such as oil-containing sludge mainly comprise an incineration method, a biodegradation method, a solvent extraction method, a tempering-mechanical separation method, a concentration drying method, a microwave treatment method and the like, and the defects of the methods can be summarized into two types: one type such as incineration and biodegradation is focused on controlling pollutant emission, and recycling of oil resources is omitted; the other types of the methods such as solvent extraction, tempering-mechanical separation, heat washing and pyrolysis can recover oil resources, but the secondary pollution of waste water and waste residue to the environment is difficult to control, and the methods cannot achieve balance between the environment and benefits.
For example, the solvent extraction method is to select a proper organic solvent to extract the organic matters in the oil sludge according to the principle of 'similar compatibility', then to recover the oil content in the extract liquid by distillation, and to separate the solvent from the mixture by distillation for recycling. The method has the advantages that the process is simple, the extractant can be reused, the extractant has the defects of high price, a large amount of solvent loss in the recycling process, and the oil content of the treated oil sludge is more than about 5 percent and can not reach the current emission standard of solid pollutants.
Tempering-mechanism separation method: since oily sludge is generally a stable suspension emulsion system, the oily sludge is conditioned prior to dewatering. Besides coagulant and coagulant aid, surfactant, demulsifier, pH regulator and other reinforcing means, etc. are also added to improve physical properties of sludge, change properties and arrangement state of oil-containing sludge particles, destroy colloid stability and raise dewatering performance of sludge. But the core technology is a three-phase separation device with high-speed centrifugation, which is basically monopolized by countries such as Europe and America, and the like, and the devices are difficult to produce in China. Disadvantages of the temper-separation technique: because of the wide variety of oily sludge, existing dewatering machinery and chemical combinations are not universally applicable. Therefore, the research on the tempering-mechanical separation technology is limited to a single or a few oil sludge samples, the universality is poor, and when different oil-containing sludge is adopted, the coagulant (type, adding amount and adding mode), the demulsifier (type, adding amount and adding mode), the model and the operation parameters of the dewatering machine need to be determined again. Furthermore, when the oil content of the sludge is low, the centrifugal separation economic benefit is poor. Because the solid content in the centrifuge is higher and the sludge treatment effect is affected, the method has lower sludge treatment capacity and can not meet the requirement of the existing large-scale treatment.
Chemical hot washing method: the oily sludge is repeatedly washed by hot water solution, and a high-efficiency and proper chemical agent is added in the washing process, and then the solid-liquid separation is realized by standing and precipitating after heating, mixing and stirring. The separated oil phase enters an oil storage tank after being treated, the cleaning liquid can be recycled, and the residual sludge is dehydrated and reprocessed for recycling. The screening and use of chemical reagents are key to the chemical heat washing process, and the principles of reducing interfacial tension, emulsifying action, changing wettability, rigidity interface film and the like are mainly involved in the separation process of heating and stirring. However, the method is only suitable for the recovery treatment of the floor crude oil with higher oil content and lighter emulsification and the crude oil of oil sand, and is not suitable for the treatment of the oil sludge with serious emulsification; a large amount of expensive chemical agent needs to be added, resulting in high cost; the treated residues have higher oil content, the water content of the separated sludge residues is more than 90 percent, and the sludge residues contain a large amount of chemical agents, so that the secondary pollution problems of waste water, waste residues and the like can be caused, and the sludge residues need to be further treated and utilized.
In addition, although the solvent extraction method, the tempering-mechanical separation method, the chemical heat washing method and other methods can recover oil resources in the sludge, because the oil-containing sludge contains more impurities including large stones, wood, metal objects, plastic objects, woven bags and the like, the raw materials generally need to be pretreated such as screening and the like in the recovery process, the impurities in the raw materials are removed, and then the raw materials and the medicaments are mixed together; and because the viscosity of the oily sludge is high, impurities are adhered to the soil, the impurities are difficult to completely remove by pretreatment, and the rest impurities seriously obstruct the normal operation of equipment and facilities.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a treatment system of oily sludge, crushing equipment and a treatment method thereof. The treatment system can remove the oil content of the oil sludge to below 3%, can recover the oil to the greatest extent, does not produce waste water, has very low oil content in the deoiled sludge waste residue, meets the discharge standard of solid pollutants, does not produce secondary pollution to the environment, and is very suitable for on-site popularization and application.
The invention provides crushing equipment for oily sludge, which comprises an inlet cylinder body, a crushing cylinder body, a pair-roller type shredding mechanism, a rotating shaft type crushing mechanism, a high-pressure water spraying device and a first oil scraping device, wherein the inlet cylinder body is connected with the crushing cylinder body;
the lower part of the inlet cylinder is connected with the crushing cylinder, the high-pressure water spraying device is arranged above or in the inlet cylinder, and the pair roller type shredding mechanism is arranged in the inlet cylinder;
the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing cylinder body, a floating oil space is formed above the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism in the floating oil space, a first oil scraping device is arranged in the floating oil space, a first floating oil outlet capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the opposite end of the first oil scraping device, and an oil-containing sludge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the crushing cylinder body.
The rotary shaft type crushing mechanism comprises a motor capable of rotating positively and negatively, and the motor is preferably a speed regulating motor. The rotary shaft type crushing mechanism is positioned in the crushing cylinder body and comprises a rotary shaft which is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body, a plurality of rows of crushing cutters are arranged on the rotary shaft, the connection angle between each crushing cutter and the rotary shaft is preferably 30-90 degrees, and the rotary shaft is connected with the driving end of the motor.
The multi-row crushing cutters comprise a plurality of rows of vertical crushing cutters and a plurality of rows of inclined crushing cutters, 1-3 rows of vertical crushing cutters are arranged between two adjacent rows of inclined crushing cutters at intervals, the connection angle between the vertical crushing cutters and the rotating shaft is 90 degrees, and the connection angle between the inclined crushing cutters and the rotating shaft is 30-80 degrees.
Each row of crushing cutters comprises 2-6 crushing cutters, and the crushing cutters in the same row are identical in connection angle with the rotating shaft and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.
The pair roller type shredding mechanism comprises a pair roller and a plurality of rows of cutters arranged on the pair roller, and the connection angle between the cutters and the pair roller is preferably 30-90 degrees.
The inlet cylinder comprises a feed hopper and a square stock bin connected to the lower portion of the feed hopper, and the pair roller type shredding mechanism is arranged in the square stock bin.
The axial direction of the pair roller type shredding mechanism is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary shaft type shredding mechanism.
A first baffle plate which can be opened and closed is arranged at the first floating oil outlet; preferably, the first baffle is hinged with the first oil-floating outlet, further preferably, the first baffle is hinged with the first oil-floating outlet through a first shaft, two ends of the first shaft are provided with first cranks, the first cranks are connected with a first cylinder, and the first cylinder drives the first cranks to drive the first baffle to open or close.
The first oil scraping device comprises a first oil scraping plate and a first driving device, the first oil scraping plate and the first driving device are arranged on opposite sides of the first baffle, and the first driving device is preferably a second cylinder.
The invention also provides a treatment system of the oily sludge, which comprises the crushing equipment, a vibrating screen, a precipitation device, an ejector, a high-speed crushing device, a water storage device and one or more separation equipment for separating oil, water and sludge;
the vibrating screen is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation device and is used for screening the oily sludge discharged from the oily sludge discharge port of the crushing equipment;
The sedimentation device comprises a sedimentation tank and a spiral conveying mechanism, and a second floating oil outlet is formed in the upper side wall of the sedimentation tank; the spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank and horizontally extends from one end of the settling tank to a material outlet of the settling tank;
the sedimentation device is sequentially connected with the ejector, the high-speed crushing device and the separation equipment;
preferably, a second baffle plate which can be opened and closed is arranged at the second floating oil outlet; preferably, the second baffle is hinged to the second oil-floating outlet, further preferably, the second baffle is hinged to the second oil-floating outlet through a second shaft, second cranks are arranged at two ends of the second shaft, the second cranks are connected with a third cylinder, and the third cylinder drives the second cranks to drive the second baffle to open or close.
The processing system includes the first conveyor and the second conveyor;
the first conveying device is used for conveying the oily sludge raw material to an inlet of the crushing equipment, and the first conveying device is preferably a single bucket elevator;
the second conveying device is used for conveying the oily sludge treated by the crushing equipment to the vibrating screen; the second conveying device is preferably a bucket elevator, an inlet of the bucket elevator is connected with a sludge outlet of the crushing cylinder, and a sludge outlet of the bucket elevator is positioned above the vibrating screen.
The screw conveying mechanism comprises screw conveying blades, and the screw pitches of the screw conveying blades gradually decrease from one end of the sedimentation tank to the direction of a material outlet of the sedimentation tank;
the high-speed crushing device comprises a crushing cylinder body, a rotating shaft and a plurality of rows of crushing cutters arranged on the rotating shaft;
the separation equipment comprises one or more of an air flotation device, an extraction device, a foam particle oil sticking device and a centrifugal machine;
and a pipeline for connecting the water inlet of the ejector with the water outlet of the water storage device is provided with a delivery pump or a high-pressure pump.
The treatment system further comprises one or more oil storage means for receiving oil separated from the comminution apparatus, the sedimentation means and the separation apparatus; preferably, the treatment system comprises a first oil storage device, a second oil storage device and a third oil storage device, wherein the first oil storage device is connected with a first floating oil outlet of the crushing equipment, the second oil storage device is connected with a second floating oil outlet of the sedimentation tank, and the third oil storage device is connected with the separation equipment; further preferably, the first, second and third oil storage devices are preferably oil storage tanks.
The invention also provides an oily sludge treatment method adopting the treatment system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Conveying the oily sludge to crushing equipment for crushing, spraying and washing the oily sludge by using a high-pressure water spraying device, standing after the crushing equipment is crushed, opening a first oil slick outlet, discharging upper layer oil slicks and sundries by using a first oil scraping device, and discharging lower layer oily sludge and conveying the lower layer oily sludge to a vibrating screen;
(2) The vibrating screen screens the oily sludge, sundries and the oily sludge with large particle size are screened out, the oily sludge with small particle size falls into a lower sedimentation tank, the oily sludge is stood in the sedimentation tank, upper layer floating oil is discharged, the lower oily sludge enters a sludge outlet of the sedimentation tank through a spiral conveying blade and then enters a jet device, meanwhile, water of the water storage device enters the jet device, so that high-speed jet flow is formed and is sprayed into the high-speed crushing device, and the oily sludge is crushed into fine particles, preferably micron-sized particles, so that slurry is prepared; wherein, the demulsifier is added to the water in the water storage device;
(3) And then conveying the slurry to a separation device, thoroughly separating oil, water and sludge in the separation device, and returning separated water to a water storage device.
In the step (1), the temperature of the water sprayed by the high-pressure water spraying device is 70-90 ℃, and the weight ratio of the water quantity sprayed by the high-pressure water spraying device to the oil-containing sludge is preferably 1: (1-3).
In the step (2), the demulsifier is one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and the concentration of the demulsifier in the water storage device is preferably 0.25-2.0 wt%.
In the step (2), the temperature of water in the water storage device is 70-90 ℃, and the weight ratio of the water amount of the water storage device entering the ejector to the oily sludge is preferably 1: (0.5-3).
Compared with the prior art, the treatment system and the treatment method of the oily sludge have the following advantages:
(1) According to the oil-containing sludge crushing equipment, the high-pressure water spraying device can perform high-pressure impact crushing on the oil-containing sludge, and then the roller-type shredding mechanism and the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism are mechanically crushed, so that the oil-water-sludge three-phase uniform mixture can be formed by water and the crushed oil-containing sludge, and meanwhile, the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism can well stir the oil-water-sludge three-phase, so that the sludge can be well washed by hot water, and the purposes of crushing and washing the oil-containing sludge can be achieved. The crushing equipment is placed after crushing and washing, one part of oil, wood dust, grass, woven bags and other sundries float upwards to an oil floating space, and then the oil is discharged to an oil storage device through a first oil scraping device and a first oil floating outlet, so that the first oil removal and sundries removal are finished, the rest of oil-containing sludge enters the next process to be subjected to deep oil removal, the multistage crushing, multistage oil removal and efficient oil sticking are facilitated, and the oil-containing sludge oil remover is suitable for oil-containing sludge with different oil contents, and is particularly suitable for oil-containing sludge samples with lower oil contents or serious emulsification.
(2) The oil-containing sludge crushing equipment further adopts a positive and reverse rotation speed regulating motor and a connection angle design of the crushing cutters and the rotating shaft, particularly adopts a plurality of rows of vertical crushing cutters and a plurality of rows of inclined crushing cutters, can well stir oil-water-sludge three phases, enables hot water to well wash sludge, achieves the purposes of crushing and washing oil-containing sludge at the same time, can well crush sundries such as wood, plastic objects, woven bags and the like, enables the sundries and the sludge not to adhere in the washing process, and can remove most of sundries such as wood, plastic objects, woven bags and the like after standing and oil-floating treatment, so that the problem that the normal operation of the equipment or the device is seriously hindered by the sundries is avoided.
(3) The invention combines multistage crushing, multistage degreasing and efficient oil sticking or extraction into a set of efficient and reliable oil sludge treatment equipment with outstanding treatment effect, and can be suitable for oil sludge with different oil contents, in particular to oil sludge samples with lower oil content or serious emulsification.
According to the invention, the oily sludge is firstly conveyed into the crushing equipment, the large-block oily sludge is crushed under the action of the roller shredding mechanism and the rotary shaft crushing mechanism, meanwhile, the high-pressure water spraying device is used for spraying the oily sludge, so that the oily sludge is crushed, the sludge treated by the crushing equipment is conveyed to the vibrating screen, sundries and particles of the crushed oily sludge are screened out, the small particles fall into the lower settling tank, then the sludge is crushed for the second time under the high-pressure impact of the ejector, and then the high-speed crushing device is used for high-speed rotary beating, so that the oily sludge is subjected to multistage combined crushing, the particles of the oily sludge are crushed to be below 5 microns in powder form, the oil in the sludge is exposed, the oil in the demulsifier is favorable for cleaning the oil in the sludge, various oil in the sludge is deeply removed, meanwhile, the formed emulsification is very weak, the oil is separated by the subsequent equipment, and the separation equipment can adopt the means of bubble viscous oil, the foam solid particles or the extracted oil and the like.
(4) The oil-containing sludge treatment system does not need to pretreat sundries, a roller-type shredding mechanism is used for cutting large blocks of sundries and textile bags, the rotating shaft type shredding mechanism is used for shredding the sundries, meanwhile, high-pressure hot water is sprayed in the shredding process, and a special design (such as the connection angle of a shredding cutter and a rotating shaft) of the rotating shaft type shredding mechanism is matched, so that the viscosity of the oil sludge can be reduced in the shredding and washing processes, the sundries and the oil-containing sludge are not bonded or adhered any more, most of the sundries such as wood, plastic objects, woven bags and the like can be removed after standing oil-floating treatment, and the rest sundries such as stones, metals and the like can be sieved out by a follow-up vibrating screen, so that the sundries are completely removed, and the normal operation of equipment and facilities is ensured.
(5) According to the invention, materials discharged from the air floatation device and the extraction device enter the centrifugal machine for dehydration, water body enters the water storage device again, or water body separated by the three-phase centrifugal machine directly enters the water storage device, so that the recycling of chemicals and water is realized, and the whole treatment process is ensured not to generate waste water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a comminution apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a treatment system for oily sludge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vibrating screen, sedimentation device and jet of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-first conveying device, 2-crushing equipment, 21-inlet cylinder, 22-crushing cylinder, 23-pair roller type shredding mechanism, 24-rotating shaft type crushing mechanism, 25-first baffle, 26-flashboard and flashboard valve, 27-first motor, 3-second conveying device, 4-vibrating screen, 5-sedimentation device, 51-sedimentation tank, 52-spiral conveying mechanism, 53-second motor, 6-jet device, 7-high-speed crushing device, 8-separation equipment, 9-water storage device and 91-high-pressure pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The following embodiments further illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following embodiments.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided an oily sludge pulverizing apparatus 2 comprising an inlet cylinder 21, a pulverizing cylinder 22, a pair-roller shredder mechanism 23, a rotary shaft type shredder mechanism 24, a high-pressure water spray device and a first oil scraping device; the lower part of the inlet cylinder 21 is connected with a crushing cylinder 22, a high-pressure water spraying device is arranged above or in the inlet cylinder 21, and a pair-roller type shredding mechanism 23 is arranged in the inlet cylinder 21; the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism 24 is arranged in the crushing cylinder 22 along the axial direction of the crushing cylinder 22, the crushing cylinder 22 is provided with a floating oil space above the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism 24, a first oil scraping device is arranged in the floating oil space, the opposite end of the first oil scraping device is provided with a first floating oil discharge outlet which can be opened and closed, and the bottom of the crushing cylinder 22 is provided with an oil-containing sludge discharge outlet which can be opened and closed. In order to achieve opening and closing, a shutter and a shutter valve 26 may be preferably provided at the oil-containing sludge discharge port of the pulverizing cylinder 22.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet cylinder 21 includes a feed hopper and a square bin connected to a lower portion of the feed hopper, and the pair-roller shredder mechanism 23 is disposed within the square bin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pair roller shredder 23 includes a pair roller and a plurality of rows of cutters provided on the pair roller, and the connection angle between the plurality of rows of cutters and the pair roller is preferably 30 ° to 90 °, so that the cutters can cut the woven bag and the large plastic during the relative rotation of the pair roller, and the pair roller can also perform the extrusion crushing function. Preferably, the counter roller has a rotational speed of 15 to 60 revolutions per minute.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a rotary shaft type crushing mechanism 24 is located in the crushing cylinder 22, the crushing mechanism comprises a rotary shaft arranged in parallel with the axis of the cylinder, and a crushing cutter is arranged on the rotary shaft, preferably, the connection angle of the crushing cutter and the rotary shaft is preferably 30-90 degrees. In this way, the oil-containing sludge particles and some impurities can be further broken up in the rotation process of the rotary shaft type pulverizing mechanism 24, and meanwhile, the water, the oil and the sludge are uniformly mixed, and the rotating speed of the rotary shaft type pulverizing mechanism 24 is 50-200 rpm. Preferably, the rotary shaft pulverizing mechanism may be driven by the first motor 27 that is forwardly and reversely rotatable, i.e., one end of the rotary shaft is connected to the driving end of the first motor 27. The first motor 27 motor is preferably a speed motor.
In order to further achieve the purpose of crushing and washing oily sludge and enable sundries and the sludge to be easy to separate, the multiple-row crushing cutters comprise multiple-row vertical crushing cutters and multiple-row inclined crushing cutters, 1-3 rows of vertical crushing cutters are arranged between every two adjacent rows of inclined crushing cutters at intervals, the connection angle between each vertical crushing cutter and a rotating shaft is 90 degrees, each row of crushing cutters with the connection angle between each inclined crushing cutter and the rotating shaft is 30-80 degrees, each row of crushing cutters comprises 2-6 crushing cutters, and the connection angles between the crushing cutters in the same row and the rotating shaft are the same and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. The vertical crushing cutter makes oily sludge move along the circumferential direction, the inclined crushing cutter can make the oily sludge move along the axial direction of the crushing cylinder, so that the sludge is crushed in the crushing cylinder in multiple directions, the vertical crushing cutter and the inclined crushing cutter jointly crush the oily sludge in the crushing process and after the completion of the crushing process, meanwhile, the stirring effect can be well achieved, hot water is enabled to fully wash the oily sludge, the oily sludge is enabled not to be mutually adhered or adhered with sundries, and therefore, standing floating oil treatment can be carried out, and a part of oil content and sundries can be removed.
In order to enhance the pulverizing effect, the axial direction of the pair roller shredder mechanism 23 and the axial direction of the rotary shaft pulverizing mechanism 24 may be perpendicular to each other.
In order to realize multistage oil removal, firstly, a floating oil space, a first oil scraping device and a first floating oil discharge port are arranged in the crushing equipment 2, so that after the crushing equipment 2 finishes crushing, standing is performed, sundries with density smaller than that of water such as plastic bags, wood sticks and oil can float up to the floating oil space, and then are scraped out through the first oil scraping device. The first oil slick discharge port may have a long strip shape and extend in the axial direction of the pulverizing cylinder 22.
In order to realize the opening and closing of the first oil slick outlet, a first shutter 25 is provided at the first oil slick outlet, which can be opened and closed. The first baffle 25 may cover the first oil-floating outlet, so that when the crushing apparatus 2 performs crushing, the first baffle 25 covers the first oil-floating outlet, and after the crushing is completed, the first baffle 25 is opened to discharge the oil-floating. Preferably, the first baffle 25 is hinged to the first oil-floating outlet, further preferably, the first baffle 25 is hinged to the first oil-floating outlet through a first shaft, two ends of the first shaft are provided with first cranks, the first cranks are connected with first air cylinders, and the first air cylinders drive the first cranks to drive the first baffle 25 to be opened or closed.
The first oil scraping device can scrape out the floating oil in the floating oil space. In one embodiment of the invention, the first oil scraping means may comprise a first oil scraping plate and first driving means, which are arranged on opposite sides of the first baffle 25, the first driving means preferably being a second cylinder, but also other driving means.
According to a second aspect of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the invention also provides a treatment system for oily sludge, which comprises the above-mentioned crushing device 2, and further comprises a vibrating screen 4, a sedimentation device 5, an ejector 6, a high-speed crushing device 7, a water storage device 9 and one or more separation devices 8 for separating oil, water and sludge; the vibrating screen 4 is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation device 5; the sedimentation device 5 comprises a sedimentation tank 51 and a screw conveying mechanism 52, wherein the upper side wall of the sedimentation tank 51 is provided with a second oil slick outlet, and a second oil scraping device is preferably arranged on the opposite side of the second oil slick outlet; the screw conveying mechanism 52 is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank 51, and the screw conveying mechanism 52 horizontally extends from one end of the settling tank 51 to a material outlet of the settling tank 51; the sedimentation device 5 is connected with the ejector 6, the high-speed crushing device 7 and the separation device 8 in sequence. Preferably, the screw conveyor 52 may be driven by a second motor 53, i.e. one end of the screw conveyor 52 is connected to the power take-off of the second motor 53.
In one embodiment of the invention, the treatment system further comprises a first conveyor 1 and a second conveyor 3. A first conveying device 1 for conveying the oily sludge to an inlet of a crushing device 2; and the second conveying device 3 is used for conveying the oily sludge processed by the crushing equipment 2 to the vibrating screen 4. As a preferred embodiment, the first conveying device 1 may be a single bucket elevator; the second conveying device 3 may be a bucket elevator, the inlet of which is connected to the sludge outlet of the crushing cylinder 22, the sludge outlet of which is located above the vibrating screen 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the vibrating screen 4 can be used for screening sludge and sundries. As a preferred embodiment, the vibrating screen 4 may be provided with a large-particle sludge outlet and a sundry outlet, the large-particle sludge may be returned to the crushing device 2 for crushing, and the sundry may be recycled.
The precipitation device precipitation tank comprises a precipitation tank. The second floating oil outlet is arranged at the upper part of the sedimentation tank, and a second baffle plate which can be opened and closed is arranged at the second floating oil outlet; further preferably, the second baffle is hinged to the second oil discharge port; still further preferably, the second baffle is hinged to the second oil slick outlet through a second shaft, two ends of the second shaft are provided with second cranks, the second cranks are connected with a third cylinder, and the third cylinder drives the second cranks to drive the second baffle to open or close. Through the structure, the oil-containing sludge and water which are screened by the vibrating screen 4 fall into the precipitation device 5 to be stood, and after the standing is completed, the second baffle is opened to naturally flow out the floating oil or be discharged through the oil scraping device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a screw conveying mechanism 52 is disposed at the bottom of the settling tank 51 to convey the bottom sludge to the sludge outlet of the settling device 5, and the sludge outlet of the settling device 5 is connected with an ejector 6, so that the ejector 6 can suck the sludge in the settling device 5 in a working state, thereby ensuring smooth discharge of the sludge at the bottom of the settling device 5. The screw conveyor may be a shaft screw conveyor or a shaftless screw conveyor. As a preferable embodiment, the screw conveyor mechanism includes screw conveyor blades, the pitch of which gradually decreases from one end of the settling tank 51 toward the material outlet of the settling tank 51, so that a squeezing action is formed when the screw conveyor blades push the sludge, squeezing out the excessive moisture.
The high-speed pulverizer 7 may be a beating device for pulverizing the sludge into powder. In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-speed pulverizing apparatus 7 includes a pulverizing cylinder, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of rows of pulverizing cutters provided on the rotating shaft. Each row of crushing cutters comprises 2-8 crushing cutters, and the crushing cutters in the same row are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. The rotation speed of the high-speed crushing device 7 is 100-1000 rpm. The high-speed crushing device 7 further comprises a motor for driving the rotating shaft, a material inlet at the far end of the motor and a material outlet at the near end of the motor. The motor can be a speed regulating motor capable of rotating forward and backward. The high-speed pulverizer is cylindrical in shape and can be of a horizontal or vertical structure.
The separation device 8 may comprise one or more of an air flotation device, an extraction device, a foam particle oil sticking device and a centrifuge. The centrifuge may be a three-phase centrifuge or a conventional centrifuge for mud-water separation. When the separation equipment 8 adopts one or more of an air floatation device, an extraction device and a foam particle oil sticking device, a conventional centrifuge for separating mud from water is connected after oil removal is completed; the separation device 8 can also only use a three-phase centrifuge to realize the three-phase separation of oil, mud and water.
In order to form a suction effect after the water flow enters the ejector 6, a delivery pump or a high-pressure pump 91 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the water inlet of the ejector 6 with the water outlet of the water storage device 9.
The treatment system further comprises one or more oil storage means for receiving oil separated from the comminution apparatus 2, the sedimentation means 5 and the separation apparatus 8; preferably, the treatment system comprises a first oil reservoir connected to the first oil-floating outlet of the comminution apparatus 2, a second oil reservoir connected to the second oil-floating outlet of the sedimentation tank 51, and a third oil reservoir connected to the separation apparatus 8. Further preferably, the first, second and third oil storage devices are oil storage tanks.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for treating oily sludge in the above treatment system, comprising the steps of:
(1) Conveying the oily sludge to a crushing device 2 for crushing, spraying and washing the oily sludge by a high-pressure water spraying device, standing after the crushing device 2 finishes crushing, opening a first oil slick outlet, discharging upper layer oil slicks and sundries by a first oil scraping device, and discharging lower layer oily sludge and conveying the lower layer oily sludge to a vibrating screen 4;
(2) The oil-containing sludge after twice crushing falls on a sieve to be screened, sundries such as brick stones and the like in the oil-containing sludge with large particle size are screened out, the tiny oil-containing sludge falls on a lower sedimentation tank 51 to be settled and kept still, upper layer floating oil is discharged, lower part oil-containing sludge is pushed to a sludge outlet of the sedimentation tank 51 through a screw conveying mechanism 52 and then sucked out by a jet device 6, meanwhile, water of a water storage device 9 enters the jet device 6 to form high-speed jet flow and is sprayed into a high-speed crushing device 7, and the high-speed crushing device 7 is used for crushing the oil-containing sludge into tiny particles, preferably micron-sized particles, so as to prepare slurry; wherein, the demulsifier is added to the water in the water storage device 9;
(3) The slurry is then conveyed to a separation device 8, the separation of oil, water and sludge is thoroughly realized in the separation device 8, and the separated water is returned to a water storage device 9.
In the step (1), the temperature of water sprayed from the high-pressure water spraying device is 70-90 ℃. The weight ratio of the water amount discharged from the high-pressure water spraying device to the oil-containing sludge is preferably (1:3) to 1.
In the step (2), the demulsifier is preferably one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, and the concentration of the demulsifier in water in the water storage device 9 is 0.25-2.0 wt%.
The weight ratio of the water amount of the water storage device 9 entering the ejector 6 to the oily sludge is 1: (0.5-3). The temperature of the water in the water storage device 9 is 70-90 ℃.
In the step (3), when the separation equipment adopts an air floatation device, dissolved air water can be introduced, wherein the dissolved air water is dissolved air water, the air is air or nitrogen, and the consumption of the dissolved air water is 20-40 wt% of the oily sludge; when the separating equipment adopts an extraction device, the extractant can be one of petroleum ether, toluene, naphtha, gasoline, diesel oil, solvent oil and other solvents, and the dosage of the extractant is 0.2 to 5.0 weight percent of the oily sludge; when the separation equipment adopts a foam particle oil bonding device, the solid foam particles are one or more of polystyrene foam particles, polyvinyl chloride foam particles, polyurethane foam particles and phenolic foam particles, and the dosage of the solid foam particles is 1.0-3.0 wt% of the oily sludge.
Example 1
The invention is further illustrated by an embodiment with reference to fig. 1-3.
The specific embodiment of the invention is illustrated by the oil sludge (30 wt% of oil in the sludge, 35wt% of water and the rest of solid matters) at the bottom of the oil tank.
(1) The bulk or bagged sludge is manually loaded into a single bucket elevator, the single bucket elevator conveys the oily sludge to a feed inlet of a crushing device, a double-roller shredding mechanism tears open a woven bag of the bagged sludge and shreds large blocks of sludge, meanwhile, a high-pressure water spraying device sprays hot water at 80 ℃ onto the oily sludge above the double-roller shredding mechanism 23, the hot water impacts crushed sludge particles, the particles fall into a rotating shaft type crushing mechanism 24 below, the rotating shaft type crushing mechanism 24 is stirred (the stirring process comprises repeated forward rotation and reverse rotation, a speed regulating motor can select a lower speed at the early stage of working, the later stage can be regulated to a higher speed) for crushing, meanwhile, oil is washed by hot water accompanied with the oil, sundries and the oily sludge are not bonded or adhered any more, then the double-roller shredding mechanism stands, a plastic bag, a grass, a wood stick, sundries with the density smaller than that of water can float up, a first oil outlet is opened, the oil and the oil sludge is scraped out through the first oil scraping device, the oil sludge outlet of the crushing device 2 is opened, the crushed oil sludge is discharged to the bucket elevator at the early stage of working, the oil phase can be selected at the lower speed, the later stage can be regulated to a higher speed, the oil phase can be separated from the oil phase and the oil phase, the sundries and the sundries are separated from the oil and the oil are separated from the oil and the wood are separated for a large part and the oil through the oil and the oil phase and the wood through the vibration system and the oil. Wherein, the weight ratio of the water quantity sprayed by the high-pressure water spraying device to the oily sludge is 1:1.
(2) The vibrating screen 4 screens the oil sludge, the fine sludge is screened to a sedimentation tank 51 below the vibrating screen 4, and sundries such as bricks, stones and metals with larger volume are discharged from a discharge port, and the sludge with larger particles returns to the crushing equipment 2 to be crushed continuously. The spiral conveyor in the settling tank 51 further stirs the oil sludge, and simultaneously, oil is washed by high temperature water in the settling tank 51, after settling and standing, the second oil slick outlet is opened, the upper oil slick is scraped out or naturally flows out by the second oil scraping device, the lower oil sludge is conveyed to the discharge outlet by the spiral conveyor and sucked out by the ejector 6, the system finishes the separation of the second oil phase from the water phase and the mud phase, and meanwhile, the vibrating screen also removes the residual sundries such as bricks, stones, metals and the like.
The jet device 6 sucks out the oil sludge and sprays the oil sludge into the high-speed crushing device 7 at high pressure for impact crushing, the water inlet source of the jet device 6 uses water in the water storage device 9 (the temperature is 80 ℃), and the high-speed crushing device 7 further crushes the sludge particles through high-speed rotation, so that the oil sludge is thoroughly crushed, and the granularity of the oil sludge particles is below 5 microns. The water in the water storage device 9 is added with demulsifier (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the concentration is 1 wt%) and the addition of the medicament is more beneficial to the high-pressure impact crushing of the jet device 6 and the high-speed rotary crushing in the high-speed crushing device 7. Wherein, the weight ratio of the water amount of the water storage device 9 entering the ejector 6 to the oily sludge is 1: 1.
(3) Thoroughly crushed oil sludge enters the separation equipment 8, and an air flotation device and a centrifugal machine are adopted for separation in the embodiment. Asphalt oil and heavy oil in the oil sludge after the medicament is washed are provided with a set of gas dissolving device, oil is adhered by utilizing tiny bubbles generated by gas dissolving water, and the consumption of the gas dissolving water is 30wt% of the oil sludge. Stirring blades are arranged in the air floatation device. In the stirring process, the oil sludge is fully mixed with bubbles, asphalt oil and heavy oil are adhered to the bubbles and float to the upper layer, then are discharged, and the system thoroughly realizes the separation of the oil phase, the water phase and the sludge phase. And (3) after the mixture of water and sludge enters a centrifugal machine, carrying out centrifugal separation and dehydration to finish the separation of a water phase and a sludge phase. The separated water returns to the water storage device 9, the water in the water storage device 9 enters the ejector 6 again for recycling, and clean oil sludge is discharged from the centrifugal machine and reaches the discharge standard. The final oil recovery was 97.3% and the residuum rate was 2.7%.
Example 2
As another embodiment of the present invention, basically the same as the processing method of embodiment 1 described above is different in that: in the step (3), the extraction device is used instead of the air floatation device in the separation of the embodiment, and the extracting agent is toluene. The asphalt oil and the heavy oil which appear in the oil sludge after the medicament is washed are added with the extractant, the dosage of the extractant is 1.0 weight percent of the oil-containing sludge, and the extractant and the oil sludge are fully mixed under the original multi-layer partition board and the stirring action in the mixing stirrer and then the extractant containing the oil is discharged at the upper end of the extraction device. The final oil recovery was 97.8% and the residuum rate was 2.2%.
It should be noted that each of the specific features described in the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined in any suitable manner, and also fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The oil-containing sludge treatment system is characterized by comprising crushing equipment, wherein the crushing equipment comprises an inlet cylinder, a crushing cylinder, a pair-roller type shredding mechanism, a rotating shaft type crushing mechanism, a high-pressure water spraying device and a first oil scraping device;
the lower part of the inlet cylinder is connected with the crushing cylinder, the high-pressure water spraying device is arranged above or in the inlet cylinder, and the pair roller type shredding mechanism is arranged in the inlet cylinder;
The rotary shaft type crushing mechanism is arranged in a crushing cylinder, a floating oil space is arranged above the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism, a first oil scraping device is arranged in the floating oil space, a first floating oil outlet capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the opposite end of the first oil scraping device, and an oil-containing sludge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the crushing cylinder;
the downstream of the crushing equipment is provided with a sedimentation device which comprises a sedimentation tank and a spiral conveying mechanism, and the upper side wall of the sedimentation tank is provided with a second floating oil outlet; the spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank and horizontally extends from one end of the settling tank to a material outlet of the settling tank; the screw conveying mechanism comprises screw conveying blades, and the screw pitches of the screw conveying blades gradually decrease from one end of the sedimentation tank to the direction of a material outlet of the sedimentation tank;
the treatment system also comprises a vibrating screen, an ejector, a high-speed crushing device, a water storage device and one or more separation devices for separating oil, water and sludge;
the vibrating screen is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation device and is used for screening the oily sludge discharged from the oily sludge discharge outlet of the crushing equipment;
The sedimentation device is sequentially connected with the ejector, the high-speed crushing device and the separation equipment;
a second baffle plate which can be opened and closed is arranged at the second floating oil outlet; the second baffle is hinged with the second oil slick outlet, the second baffle is hinged with the second oil slick outlet through a second shaft, second cranks are arranged at two ends of the second shaft and are connected with a third cylinder, and the third cylinder drives the second cranks to drive the second baffle to open or close.
2. The processing system of claim 1, wherein the comminution apparatus comprises at least one of the following features:
(1) The rotary shaft type crushing mechanism is driven by a motor capable of rotating positively and negatively, the rotary shaft type crushing mechanism is positioned in the crushing cylinder, the crushing mechanism comprises a rotary shaft which is parallel to the axis of the cylinder, a plurality of rows of crushing cutters are arranged on the rotary shaft, the connection angle between each crushing cutter and the rotary shaft is 30-90 degrees, and the rotary shaft is connected with the driving end of the motor;
(2) The pair roller type shredding mechanism comprises a pair roller and a plurality of rows of cutters arranged on the pair roller, and the connection angle between the cutters and the pair roller is 30-90 degrees;
(3) The inlet cylinder body comprises a feed hopper and a square stock bin connected to the lower part of the feed hopper, and the pair roller type shredding mechanism is arranged in the square stock bin;
(4) A first baffle plate which can be opened and closed is arranged at the first floating oil outlet; the first baffle is hinged with the first oil-floating outlet, the first baffle is hinged with the first oil-floating outlet through a first shaft, first cranks are arranged at two ends of the first shaft and are connected with a first air cylinder, and the first air cylinder drives the first crank to drive the first baffle to open or close;
(5) The first oil scraping device comprises a first oil scraping plate and a first driving device, the first oil scraping plate and the first driving device are arranged on opposite sides of the first baffle, and the first driving device is a second cylinder.
3. The treatment system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of rows of crushing cutters comprises a plurality of rows of vertical crushing cutters and a plurality of rows of inclined crushing cutters, wherein 1-3 rows of vertical crushing cutters are arranged between two adjacent rows of inclined crushing cutters at intervals, the vertical crushing cutters are connected with the rotating shaft at an angle of 90 degrees, and the inclined crushing cutters are connected with the rotating shaft at an angle of 30-80 degrees.
4. A treatment system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein each row of crushing cutters comprises 2 to 6 crushing cutters, the crushing cutters in the same row being connected to the shaft at the same angle and arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft.
5. A treatment system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the axial direction of the pair of roller shredder mechanism is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary crushing mechanism.
6. The processing system of claim 1, wherein the processing system comprises at least one of the following features:
(1) A first conveying device and a second conveying device;
the first conveying device is used for conveying the oily sludge raw material to an inlet of the crushing equipment and is a single bucket elevator;
the second conveying device is used for conveying the oily sludge treated by the crushing equipment to the vibrating screen; the second conveying device is a bucket elevator, an inlet of the bucket elevator is connected with a sludge outlet of the crushing cylinder, and the sludge outlet of the bucket elevator is positioned above the vibrating screen;
(2) One or more oil storage devices, and a plurality of oil storage devices,
the oil storage device is used for receiving oil separated from the crushing equipment, the sedimentation device and the separation equipment; the treatment system comprises a first oil storage device, a second oil storage device and a third oil storage device, wherein the first oil storage device is connected with a first oil floating outlet of the crushing equipment, the second oil storage device is connected with a second oil floating outlet of the sedimentation tank, and the third oil storage device is connected with the separation equipment; the first oil storage device, the second oil storage device and the third oil storage device are oil storage tanks.
7. The processing system of claim 1, wherein the processing system further comprises a processor configured to,
the high-speed crushing device comprises a crushing cylinder body, a rotating shaft and a plurality of rows of crushing cutters arranged on the rotating shaft;
the separation equipment comprises one or more of an air flotation device, an extraction device, a foam particle oil sticking device and a centrifugal machine;
and a pipeline for connecting the water inlet of the ejector with the water outlet of the water storage device is provided with a delivery pump or a high-pressure pump.
8. A method of treating oily sludge using the treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Conveying the oily sludge to crushing equipment for crushing, spraying and washing the oily sludge by using a high-pressure water spraying device, standing after the crushing equipment is crushed, opening a first oil slick outlet, discharging upper layer oil slicks and sundries by using a first oil scraping device, and discharging lower layer oily sludge and conveying the lower layer oily sludge to a vibrating screen;
(2) The vibrating screen screens the oily sludge, sundries and the oily sludge with large particle size are screened out, the oily sludge with small particle size falls into a lower sedimentation tank, the oily sludge is kept stand in the sedimentation tank, upper layer floating oil is discharged, the lower oily sludge enters a sludge outlet of the sedimentation tank through a spiral conveying blade and then enters an ejector, meanwhile, water of the water storage device enters the ejector, so that high-speed jet flow is formed and is sprayed into the high-speed crushing device, and the oily sludge is crushed into fine particles by the high-speed crushing device, so that slurry is prepared; wherein, the demulsifier is added to the water in the water storage device;
(3) And then conveying the slurry to a separation device, thoroughly separating oil, water and sludge in the separation device, and returning separated water to a water storage device.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the process comprises at least one of the following features:
A. in the step (1), the temperature of water sprayed by the high-pressure water spraying device is 70-90 ℃, and the weight ratio of the water quantity sprayed by the high-pressure water spraying device to the oily sludge is 1: (1-3);
B. in the step (2), the demulsifier is one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and the concentration of the demulsifier in the water storage device is 0.25-2.0 wt%;
C. in the step (2), the temperature of water in the water storage device is 70-90 ℃, and the weight ratio of the water quantity of the water storage device entering the ejector to the oily sludge is 1: (0.5-3).
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