CN106618816A - 一种新型假肢连接装置 - Google Patents

一种新型假肢连接装置 Download PDF

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CN106618816A
CN106618816A CN201611047402.2A CN201611047402A CN106618816A CN 106618816 A CN106618816 A CN 106618816A CN 201611047402 A CN201611047402 A CN 201611047402A CN 106618816 A CN106618816 A CN 106618816A
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毕龙
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Fourth Military Medical University FMMU
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型假肢连接装置，包括螺纹杆和设置在螺纹杆中段的螺帽，螺纹杆的一端为用于钻入负重骨髓腔内的螺纹部，另一端为露于皮肤外用于连接假肢的杆部，所述螺帽包括伞状结构，所述伞状结构上纵向开设有若干沟槽，沟槽内设置有羟基磷灰石涂层或生长因子涂层。减少假肢对患者的残肢造成刺激，减轻残肢疼痛，提高截肢者的生活质量和满意度，并通过提高假肢骨内植入部分在骨道内的把持力度和经皮部分的生物密封效果，从而降低植入式假肢感染的风险，改善患者使用植入式假肢治疗后的预后及功能恢复。

Description

一种新型假肢连接装置
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械用品领域，具体涉及一种新型假肢连接装置。
背景技术
随着现代社会的发展，因疾病、交通事故、工伤事故、运动创伤等原因的而导致截肢的残疾人越来越多，让截肢患者恢复生活和工作能力具有重要的社会意义。假肢是用工程技术的手段和方法，为弥补截肢者缺损的肢体而专门设计和制作装配的人工假体，又称“义肢”。假肢可代替失去肢体的部分功能，使截肢者恢复一定的生活自理和工作能力，对截肢者的生活具有重要意义。现阶段临床应用的假肢，分为容纳式假肢和植入式假肢两种。前者存在承重方式不符合人体生物力学对线，呈现假肢步态差、残肢出现废用性萎缩后接受腔需要随时更换残肢、负重摩擦易导致残肢破溃引发感染等诸多不足；后者，由于插入截肢端的植入螺杆经皮与外界相通，其经皮部分不能与皮肤软组织形成紧密的接触或者封闭，使得外界细菌通过皮肤与螺杆的缝隙进入体内造成骨组织感染，最终结果是植入物失败。因此，提高植入式假肢经皮部分与皮肤组织的生物密封效果，是实现其长期安全有效的重要手段。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型假肢连接装置，减少假肢对患者的残肢造成刺激，减轻残肢疼痛，提高截肢者的生活质量和满意度，并通过提高假肢骨内植入部分在骨道内的把持力度和经皮部分的生物密封效果，从而降低植入式假肢感染的风险，改善患者使用植入式假肢治疗后的预后及功能恢复。
为了达到上述的目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种新型假肢连接装置，包括螺纹杆和设置在螺纹杆中段的螺帽，螺纹杆的一端为用于钻入负重骨髓腔内的螺纹部，另一端为露于皮肤外用于连接假肢的杆部，所述螺帽包括伞状结构，所述伞状结构上纵向开设有若干沟槽，沟槽内设置有羟基磷灰石涂层或生长因子涂层。
所述杆部尾端设置有用于与假肢连接端连接的卡槽或者螺纹。
所述伞状结构的尖端朝向杆部设置，伞状结构与骨干的接触面为平面。
所述杆部采用圆柱结构设计，且杆部外表面光滑，设置有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层。
伞状结构通过螺纹杆拧于骨断端。
露于皮肤外的杆部一端设置有用于连接板手或电钻的中空结构。
所述螺帽与螺纹杆采用一体成型结构设计。
所述螺帽内为与螺纹杆配合的螺纹孔，螺帽与螺纹杆采用螺纹配合。
所述螺帽包括与伞状结构连接的筒体，筒体尾端伸出皮肤，且不覆盖螺纹杆杆部尾端。
所述筒体均采用圆柱结构设计，且筒体外表面光滑，设置有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层。
与现有技术相比，本发明至少具有以下有益效果，本发明通过螺帽与螺纹杆的配合，将螺纹杆拧入残肢负重骨的髓腔内，螺纹杆可拧入残肢负重骨(肱骨、股骨、胫骨等)髓腔内，螺帽与长螺纹杆匹配，其伞状结构可通过螺纹杆直接拧于骨断端，增加螺纹杆在骨断端髓腔内的固定强度；螺纹杆杆部伸出皮肤用于连接假肢；由于本装置直接安装于负重骨的断端髓腔内，具有较好的力线，有利于假肢更好地替代缺损肢体的功能，由于压力自本装置直接传导至负重骨，不会对残肢造成压迫，可减少残肢皮肤并发症和残肢疼痛，假肢可直接佩戴于螺纹杆杆部末端，不用直接安装在残肢上，拆装均较方便。伞状结构上设置有纵行沟槽，且有羟基磷灰石涂层或生长因子涂层，有利于细胞爬行生长，防止间隙形成，减少感染概率；且筒体的外表面光滑，且有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层，可抑制细菌生长。
进一步的，露于皮肤外的杆部一端设置有用于连接板手或电钻的中空结构，可安装扳手或电钻，以便将螺纹杆拧入残肢负重骨的髓腔内，螺帽根据残肢长度与残肢软组织的厚度选择恰当的长度，确保其尾端露于皮肤外且未覆盖螺纹杆的杆部，防止阻碍假肢的安装。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1采用一体成型结构示意图。
图2为本发明采用一体成型的结构使用情况。
图3为本发明实施例2采用组合结构时螺纹杆的结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例2采用组合结构时螺帽的结构示意图。
图5为图4的右视图。
图6为本发明采用组合结构时的使用情况。
附图中：1、螺纹杆，11、杆部，12、螺纹部，2、螺帽，22、伞状结构，23、筒体，24、沟槽，25、螺纹孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
如图1-5所示，本发明包括螺纹杆1和设置在螺纹杆1中段的螺帽2，螺纹杆1的一端为用于钻入负重骨髓腔内的螺纹部12，另一端为露于皮肤外用于连接假肢的杆部11，杆部11采用圆柱结构设计，且杆部11外表面光滑，设置有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层，杆部11尾端为中空结构，设置有用于与假肢连接端连接的卡槽或者螺纹，螺帽2包括伞状结构22，伞状结构22的尖端朝向杆部11设置，伞状结构22通过螺纹杆1拧于骨断端，伞状结构22与骨干的压紧接触面为平面，伞状结构22上纵向开设有若干沟槽24，沟槽24内设置有羟基磷灰石涂层或生长因子涂层，露于皮肤外的杆部11一端还设置有用于连接板手或电钻的中空结构。
实施例1
图1为本发明的一种实施例，在本实施例中，螺帽2与螺纹杆1采用一体成型结构设计，在使用过程中，如图5所示，根据截肢长度及残肢长度，选择适当长度螺纹的本装置，在残肢远端切一小口，将本装置螺纹端向内自切口拧入骨断端髓腔内，使伞状结构22的膨大部分(即与骨断处接触的平面)卡在截肢骨断端，圆柱形杆部11露于皮肤外，用于连接假肢，冲洗、缝合切口，待伤口愈合后即可在本装置外露部分安装假肢。
实施例2
图3-图5为本发明的另一实施例，采用了组装结构，在本实施例中，螺帽2内为与螺纹杆1配合的螺纹孔25，螺帽2与螺纹杆1采用螺纹配合，螺帽2包括与伞状结构22连接的筒体23，筒体23尾端伸出皮肤，且不覆盖螺纹杆1杆部11尾端，筒体23均采用圆柱结构设计，且筒体23外表面光滑，设置有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层。
本实施例的使用过程如图6所示，根据截肢长度及残肢长度，选择适当长度螺纹的螺纹杆1，在残肢远端切一小口，将螺纹端向内自切口拧入骨断端髓腔内，然后将螺帽2沿螺纹杆1的螺纹拧入，使螺帽2伞状结构22的膨大部分(即与骨断处接触的平面)卡紧在截肢骨断端，圆柱形杆部11露于皮肤外，用于连接假肢，冲洗、缝合切口，待伤口愈合后即可在本装置外露部分安装假肢。
本发明中螺纹杆的螺纹和卡在骨断端的伞状膨大部分共同维持固定的稳定性，伞状结构22伞状膨大端表面有纵行沟槽且有羟基磷灰石涂层或生长因子涂层，有利于细胞爬行生长，防止间隙形成，减少感染概率，螺帽筒体表面光滑，且有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层，可抑制细菌生长，以进一步减少感染概率，同时，由于本装置直接安装于负重骨的断端髓腔内，具有较好的力线，有利于假肢更好地替代缺损肢体的功能，由于压力自本装置直接传导至负重骨，不会对残肢造成压迫，可防止残肢皮肤并发症和残肢疼痛，假肢可直接佩戴于本装置末端，不用直接安装在残肢上，拆装均较方便。

Claims (10)

1.一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，包括螺纹杆(1)和设置在螺纹杆(1)中段的螺帽(2)，螺纹杆(1)的一端为用于钻入负重骨髓腔内的螺纹部(12)，另一端为露于皮肤外用于连接假肢的杆部(11)，所述螺帽(2)包括伞状结构(22)，所述伞状结构(22)上纵向开设有若干沟槽(24)，沟槽(24)内设置有羟基磷灰石涂层或生长因子涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述杆部(11)尾端设置有用于与假肢连接端连接的卡槽或者螺纹。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述伞状结构(22)的尖端朝向杆部(11)设置，伞状结构(22)与骨干的接触面为平面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述杆部(11)采用圆柱结构设计，且杆部(11)外表面光滑，设置有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，伞状结构(22)通过螺纹杆(1)拧于骨断端。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，露于皮肤外的杆部(11)一端设置有用于连接板手或电钻的中空结构。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述螺帽(2)与螺纹杆(1)采用一体成型结构设计。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述螺帽(2)内为与螺纹杆(1)配合的螺纹孔(25)，螺帽(2)与螺纹杆(1)采用螺纹配合。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述螺帽(2)包括与伞状结构(22)连接的筒体(23)，筒体(23)尾端伸出皮肤，且不覆盖螺纹杆(1)杆部(11)尾端。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种新型假肢连接装置，其特征在于，所述筒体(23)均采用圆柱结构设计，且筒体(23)外表面光滑，设置有纳米银离子涂层或石墨烯涂层或抗菌素涂层。
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CN113693795A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-26 北京积水潭医院 假肢脱离装置
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CN107638237A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-01-30 吉林大学 植入式假肢连接装置
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CN113693795A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-26 北京积水潭医院 假肢脱离装置
CN113693795B (zh) * 2021-08-30 2023-06-09 北京积水潭医院 假肢脱离装置
CN114224559A (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-25 夏一丹 植入式假肢的内植入假体
CN114224559B (zh) * 2021-12-24 2023-02-03 夏一丹 植入式假肢的内植入假体

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Application publication date: 20170510