CN106601854A - Heterojunction solar cell and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Heterojunction solar cell and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106601854A
CN106601854A CN201611065521.0A CN201611065521A CN106601854A CN 106601854 A CN106601854 A CN 106601854A CN 201611065521 A CN201611065521 A CN 201611065521A CN 106601854 A CN106601854 A CN 106601854A
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aluminum oxide
gallium nitride
film
heterojunction solar
preparation
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许烁烁
刘良玉
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CETC 48 Research Institute
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CETC 48 Research Institute
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
    • H01L31/072Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
    • H01L31/074Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a heterojunction with an element of Group IV of the Periodic Table, e.g. ITO/Si, GaAs/Si or CdTe/Si solar cells
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02109Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
    • H01L21/02112Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
    • H01L21/02172Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides
    • H01L21/02175Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal
    • H01L21/02178Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal the material containing aluminium, e.g. Al2O3
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02225Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
    • H01L21/0226Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
    • H01L21/02263Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
    • H01L21/02271Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
    • H01L21/0228Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition deposition by cyclic CVD, e.g. ALD, ALE, pulsed CVD
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a heterojunction solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. The heterojunction solar cell comprises a silicon wafer substrate; an aluminum oxide film is arranged on the silicon wafer substrate; a gallium nitride film is arranged on the aluminum oxide film; and a GaN/Al2O3/Si heterojunction structure is formed. The manufacturing method comprises steps of polishing, aluminum oxide film deposition, annealing, gallium nitride film deposition, and ITO transparent conductive film and silver gate electrode preparation. The heterojunction solar cell has the advantages that the GaN/Al2O3/Si heterojunction structure is provided; carrier recombination caused by lattice mismatch between gallium nitride and the silicon wafer substrate can be effectively solved, the minority carrier service life of the heterojunction solar cell is greatly improved, and the process of the manufacturing method is simple.

Description

A kind of heterojunction solar battery and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar cell device manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of heterojunction solar battery and its system Preparation Method.
Background technology
At present, the highest conversion efficiency of photovoltaic silica-based solar cell in the industry has been fairly close to silicon substrate up to 26.33% The theoretical efficiency limit 29% of solaode.For existing silica-based solar cell, its transformation efficiency be difficult into The room for promotion of one step.
The content of the invention
The technical problem solved needed for of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of preparation process is simple, turned Change heterojunction solar battery of efficiency high and preparation method thereof.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the application is adopted is:
A kind of heterojunction solar battery, the heterojunction solar battery include silicon chip substrate, and the silicon chip substrate is provided with oxidation Aluminium film, the aluminum oxide film are provided with gallium nitride film, form GaN/Al2O3/ Si heterojunction structures.
In above-mentioned heterojunction solar battery, it is preferred that the thickness of the aluminum oxide film is 1nm~2nm.
In above-mentioned heterojunction solar battery, it is preferred that the thickness of the gallium nitride film is 100 μm~300 μm.
As a total technology design, present invention also offers a kind of preparation side of above-mentioned heterojunction solar battery Method, comprises the following steps:
(1)Silicon chip surface is polished;
(2)In step(1)In it is polished after silicon chip surface deposited oxide aluminium film;
(3)To step(2)In obtain surface deposition have aluminum oxide film silicon chip annealed;
(4)In step(3)In aluminum oxide film surface cvd nitride gallium thin film after annealing;
(5)In step(4)In prepare one layer of transparent conductive film and silver grating line electrode on the gallium nitride film that obtains.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the step(2)In, using atomic layer deposition method deposited oxide aluminium film; In the atomic layer deposition method, depositing temperature is 150 DEG C~250 DEG C.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the step(1)In, it is polished using aqueous slkali;The temperature of the polishing Spend for 70 DEG C~90 DEG C, the time is 1min~4min.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the aqueous slkali is sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the step(3)In, the annealing is carried out under argon gas atmosphere protection;Institute The temperature for stating annealing is 400 DEG C~500 DEG C, and the time is 20min~40min.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the step(4)In, using mocvd method cvd nitride gallium thin film;It is described The deposition of gallium nitride film is comprised the following steps:First is that the nitrogen that a layer thickness is 25 nanometers is grown at 500 DEG C~600 DEG C in temperature Change gallium, then grown in the case where temperature is for 900 DEG C~1200 DEG C.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the step(5)In, the transparent conductive film is steamed using electron beam Plating method is prepared;The silver grating line electrode is prepared using e-beam evaporation.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the application is:
1st, the invention provides a kind of heterojunction solar battery, including silicon chip substrate, silicon chip substrate is provided with aluminum oxide film, oxygen Change aluminium film and be provided with gallium nitride film, form GaN/Al2O3/ Si heterojunction structures, the wherein GaN/Al2O3/ Si hetero-junctions is tied Structure, is effectively solved the Carrier recombination caused due to the lattice mismatch between gallium nitride and silicon base, is greatly improved The minority carrier life time of hetero-junction solar cell.In addition, in the present invention aluminum oxide film thickness be only 1-2 nanometers, it is ensured that gallium nitride and Electric transmission between silicon base, improves GaN/Al2O3The electric current of/Si heterojunction structures.Purport of the present invention to existing silicon substrate too The structure of positive energy battery is broken through, using new GaN/Al2O3/ Si heterojunction structures, it is excellent to obtain a kind of electric property Heterojunction solar battery, so as to further lifted silica-based solar cell conversion efficiency and reduce solaode production Cost.
2nd, present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of heterojunction solar battery, compares conventional silica-based solar electricity Pond, has the advantages that manufacture method is simple, preparation cost is low, only 5 processing steps.Meanwhile, in the preparation method of the present invention, Using ALD deposition aluminum oxide film, it is ensured that the uniformity of aluminum oxide film.
Description of the drawings
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of heterojunction solar battery of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and Limit the scope of the invention.
Raw material and instrument employed in following examples is commercially available.
Embodiment 1
A kind of heterojunction solar battery of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, the heterojunction solar battery includes silicon chip substrate, silicon chip base Bottom is provided with aluminum oxide film, and aluminum oxide film is provided with gallium nitride film, forms GaN/Al2O3/ Si heterojunction structures.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of aluminum oxide film is 2nm;The thickness of gallium nitride film is 150 μm.
A kind of preparation method of the heterojunction solar battery in embodiments of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)Adopt mass concentration and silicon chip surface is polished for 10% potassium hydroxide solution, wherein 80 DEG C of the temperature for polishing, The time of polishing is 2 minutes.
(2)Using atomic layer deposition method(ALD)In step(1)In it is polished after silicon chip surface deposit one layer 2 nanometers Aluminum oxide film, the temperature of deposition is 200 DEG C.
(3)Under the atmosphere protection of argon, by step(2)In obtain surface deposition have aluminum oxide film silicon chip exist Annealed at a temperature of 425 DEG C, the time of annealing is 30 minutes.
(4)Using MOCVD in step(3)In one layer of gallium nitride film of aluminum oxide film superficial growth after annealing, tool Body step is:The first gallium nitride that a layer 25 nanometers are grown at a temperature of 550 DEG C, is then given birth at a temperature of 1050 DEG C It is long, until the thickness of gallium nitride film is 150 microns.
(5)Using e-beam evaporation first in step(4)In deposit in layer transparent on the gallium nitride film that obtains Conductive film, then prepares the silver grating line electrode of positive and negative again, obtains heterojunction solar battery, as have with e-beam evaporation There is GaN/Al2O3The heterojunction solar battery of/Si heterojunction structures.
Jing is tested, heterojunction solar battery manufactured in the present embodiment, and open-circuit voltage is up to 480mV.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Though So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art Member, in the case of the spirit and technical scheme without departing from the present invention, all using in the methods and techniques of the disclosure above Appearance makes many possible variations and modification, or the Equivalent embodiments for being revised as equivalent variations to technical solution of the present invention.Therefore, Every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical spirit of the present invention to made for any of the above embodiments any simple Modification, equivalent, equivalence changes and modification, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heterojunction solar battery, it is characterised in that the heterojunction solar battery includes silicon chip substrate, the silicon chip base Bottom is provided with aluminum oxide film, and the aluminum oxide film is provided with gallium nitride film, forms GaN/Al2O3/ Si heterojunction structures.
2. heterojunction solar battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the aluminum oxide film is 1nm ~2nm.
3. heterojunction solar battery according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the gallium nitride film is 100 μm~300 μm.
4. a kind of preparation method of the heterojunction solar battery as any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that bag Include following steps:
(1)Silicon chip surface is polished;
(2)In step(1)In it is polished after silicon chip surface deposited oxide aluminium film;
(3)To step(2)In obtain surface deposition have aluminum oxide film silicon chip annealed;
(4)In step(3)In aluminum oxide film surface cvd nitride gallium thin film after annealing;
(5)In step(4)In prepare one layer of transparent conductive film and silver grating line electrode on the gallium nitride film that obtains.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the step(2)In, it is heavy using atomic layer deposition method Product aluminum oxide film;In the atomic layer deposition method, depositing temperature is 150 DEG C~250 DEG C.
6. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the step(1)In, carried out using aqueous slkali Polishing;The temperature of the polishing is 70 DEG C~90 DEG C, and the time is 1min~4min.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the aqueous slkali is sodium hydroxide solution or hydroxide Potassium solution.
8. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the step(3)In, the annealing is in argon Carry out under atmosphere protection;The temperature of the annealing is 400 DEG C~500 DEG C, and the time is 20min~40min.
9. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the step(4)In, deposited using mocvd method Gallium nitride film;The deposition of the gallium nitride film is comprised the following steps:First one layer is grown in the case where temperature is for 500 DEG C~600 DEG C Thickness is 25 nanometers of gallium nitride, is then grown in the case where temperature is for 900 DEG C~1200 DEG C.
10. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the step(5)In, the transparent is led Conductive film is prepared using e-beam evaporation;The silver grating line electrode is prepared using e-beam evaporation.
CN201611065521.0A 2016-11-28 2016-11-28 Heterojunction solar cell and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN106601854A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6380050B1 (en) * 1999-07-14 2002-04-30 Arima Optoelectronics Corporation Method of epitaxially growing a GaN semiconductor layer
CN103035496A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-10 广州市众拓光电科技有限公司 GaN film developed on silicon (Si) substrate and preparation method and application thereof
US20140264375A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Lattice mismatched heterojunction structures and devices made therefrom

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6380050B1 (en) * 1999-07-14 2002-04-30 Arima Optoelectronics Corporation Method of epitaxially growing a GaN semiconductor layer
CN103035496A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-10 广州市众拓光电科技有限公司 GaN film developed on silicon (Si) substrate and preparation method and application thereof
US20140264375A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Lattice mismatched heterojunction structures and devices made therefrom

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