CN106590471A - 一种红外屏蔽型eva光伏胶膜 - Google Patents
一种红外屏蔽型eva光伏胶膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及光伏胶膜技术领域，尤其是一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其质量百分含量组成如下：乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂含量为94.5‑98.5％，红外屏蔽剂含量为0.10‑0.75％，抗氧剂含量为0.30‑2.0％，交联剂含量为0.45‑2.0％，硅烷偶联剂含量为0.25‑1.10％；有益效果是：1、选用红外屏蔽剂，能够将1200～2500nm以上的紫外线几乎全部屏蔽，封装之后的电池片温度大幅降低；2、选用红外屏蔽剂粒径为纳米级，在400～1200nm之间的透光率可以达到90％以上，输出功率实现较大幅度提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏胶膜技术领域，尤其是一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜。
背景技术
EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)是一种热塑性高分子材料，由于成本低、成型方便、光学性能突出、力学性能和电性能优异等，作为太阳能电池封装材料被广泛应用。同时由于硅半导体具有固定的带隙(1.12eV)，传统的晶体硅太阳电池无法完全吸收转换自然的太阳光能量，波长大于1200nm的红外光无法被硅太阳电池所利用，这部分的能量大于太阳光全部能量的30％，而且红外辐射造成电池片工作温度大幅提高，从而降低发电功率，目前市场上的电池片，工作温度每升高1℃，输出功率下降0.3～0.5％。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种胶膜尺寸稳定性好，收缩率低的红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其质量百分含量组成如下：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂含量为94.5-98.5％，红外屏蔽剂含量为0.10-0.75％，抗氧剂含量为0.30-2.0％，交联剂含量为0.45-2.0％，硅烷偶联剂含量为0.25-1.10％。
优选的，所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂中醋酸乙烯的摩尔含量为20％～50％。
优选的，所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂的熔体流动速率为10g/10min～40g/10min。
优选的，所述红外屏蔽剂为In2O3、Ga2O3、Sb2O3、Sn2O3、ZnO的组合物，其质量百分比为：2-8％:3-7％％:7-14％:25-45％:32-59％，其粒径大小为10～100nm，红外屏蔽及采用有机溶剂稀释，红外屏蔽剂中的固含量为10～80％。
优选的，所述有机溶剂选用乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲醇、丁酮、环己酮、甲苯、二氯甲烷中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅抗氧剂，其中，主抗氧剂与辅抗氧剂的质量比为9:1，所述主抗氧基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯；所述辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和/或亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯。
优选的，所述辅抗氧剂选用三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯的复配物，其质量比为1:1。
优选的，所述交联剂包括交联固化剂和助交联剂，交联固化剂与助交联剂的质量比为10:1，其中，所述交联固化剂包括有机过氧化物和/或偶氮化合物，所述有机过氧化物包括为过氧化异丙苯、二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化氢二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5二叔丁基过氧化己烷、4,4-二(叔戊基过氧)戊酸正丁基酯，过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯、3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯中的一种或几种；所述助交联剂包括三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯中的一种或多种混合。
优选的，所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三过氧化叔丁基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的至少一种。
优选的，所述的EVA胶膜的厚度为350～750μm。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是：
1、选用红外屏蔽剂，能够将1200～2500nm以上的紫外线几乎全部屏蔽，封装之后的电池片温度大幅降低。
2、选用红外屏蔽剂粒径为纳米级，在400～1200nm之间的透光率可以达到90％以上，输出功率实现较大幅度提高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
使用的材料为：
主料：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)。VA含量为33％，融指(MI)30，美国陶氏集团生产。
所述转光剂所述红外屏蔽剂为In2O3、Ga2O3、Sb2O3、Sn2O3、ZnO的组合物,其比例为：1～10％：1～10％：5～20％：20～70％：30～80％，其粒径大小为10～100nm，采用乙酸丁酯为稀释剂，固含量为40％。
本发明中实施例1-5中的抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅抗氧剂，主抗氧剂与辅抗氧剂的质量比为9:1，主抗氧基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯；辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯的复配物，三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯的质量比为1:1。
辅抗氧剂还可以选用三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯或亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯中的一种。
本发明的实施例1-5中的交联剂:交联固化剂为过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯和3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯的复配物；助交联剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯的复配物，各物质的质量比为1:1:1。
交联固化剂包括有机过氧化物和/或偶氮化合物，有机过氧化物还可以选用过氧化异丙苯、二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化氢二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5二叔丁基过氧化己烷或4,4-二(叔戊基过氧)戊酸正丁基酯。
助交联剂还可以选用三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯中的一种。
本发明的实施例1-5中的硅烷偶联剂：乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。
本专利的生产工艺流程为：混料-挤出-流延-测厚-压花-定型-切边-收卷-包装。
配方如表1
转光剂按照In2O3：Ga2O3：Sb2O3：Sn2O3：ZnO＝3：3：10：40：46制备。将EVA树脂、红外屏蔽剂、抗氧剂、交联剂、硅烷偶联剂5种材料按表1的比例充分混合均匀，加入到挤出机料斗，进行熔融挤出，挤出机、模头各区域的温度湿度80～90℃，经模头挤出，途经流延辊冷却，再经测厚、压花工序后进行定型，最后再切边、收卷，包装入库。然后进行透射率、耐老化测试和电池片功率测试。
表1—不同实施实例配方和性能
实施例四为优选实施方式。
表2—不同实施实例配方和性能(EVA树脂：红外屏蔽剂：抗氧剂：交联剂：硅烷偶联剂＝96.6:0.5:0.5:0.9:1.1，)
1～10％：1～10％：5～20％：20～70％：30～80％
实施例二为优选实施例。
本发明中的EVA胶膜的厚度为350～750μm。
尽管上述实施例已对本发明的技术方案进行了详细地描述，但是本发明的技术方案并不限于以上实施例，在不脱离本发明的思想和宗旨的情况下，对本发明的技术方案所做的任何改动都将落入本发明的权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于，其质量百分含量组成如下：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂含量为94.5-98.5％，红外屏蔽剂含量为0.10-0.75％，抗氧剂含量为0.30-2.0％，交联剂含量为0.45-2.0％，硅烷偶联剂含量为0.25-1.10％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂中醋酸乙烯的摩尔含量为20％～50％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物树脂的熔体流动速率为10g/10min～40g/10min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述红外屏蔽剂为In2O3、Ga2O3、Sb2O3、Sn2O3、ZnO的组合物，其质量百分比为：2-8％:3-7％％:7-14％:25-45％:32-59％，其粒径大小为10～100nm，红外屏蔽及采用有机溶剂稀释，红外屏蔽剂中的固含量为10～80％。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述有机溶剂选用乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲醇、丁酮、环己酮、甲苯、二氯甲烷中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅抗氧剂，其中，主抗氧剂与辅抗氧剂的质量比为9:1，所述主抗氧基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯；所述辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和/或亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述辅抗氧剂选用三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯的复配物，其质量比为1:1。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述交联剂包括交联固化剂和助交联剂，交联固化剂与助交联剂的质量比为10:1，其中，所述交联固化剂包括有机过氧化物和/或偶氮化合物，所述有机过氧化物包括为过氧化异丙苯、二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化氢二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5二叔丁基过氧化己烷、4,4-二(叔戊基过氧)戊酸正丁基酯，过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯、3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯中的一种或几种；所述助交联剂包括三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯中的一种或多种混合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三过氧化叔丁基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种红外屏蔽型EVA光伏胶膜，其特征在于：所述的EVA胶膜的厚度为350～750μm。
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