CN106585615B - 混合动力车辆的控制方法 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN106585615B
CN106585615B CN201610168325.XA CN201610168325A CN106585615B CN 106585615 B CN106585615 B CN 106585615B CN 201610168325 A CN201610168325 A CN 201610168325A CN 106585615 B CN106585615 B CN 106585615B
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motor
vehicle
speed
mode
controller
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CN106585615A (zh
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尹永珉
金镇成
白承三
郑成焕
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及混合动力车辆的控制方法，其包括：当控制器感测到变速杆的位置从位置R转换到位置D或从位置D转换到位置R时，确认车辆的行驶模式是否是EV模式；作为行驶模式的确定结果，如果车辆的行驶驱动模式是EV模式，则通过控制器向电动机施加反方向的电动机转矩，使得电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步；以及在电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步之后，通过控制器向电动机施加正方向的电动机转矩，执行车辆的正常驱动。

Description

混合动力车辆的控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力车辆的控制方法。
背景技术
本部分的陈述仅仅提供与本公开有关的背景信息，并且可能不构成现有技术。
通常，双离合变速器(DCT)包括前进档和一个倒退档，即R档。
如果驾驶者将变速杆从位置D转换到位置R以便执行向后驱动，则变速器控制单元(TCU)接合R档，然后接合偶数离合器。这里，TCU释放预选的第一档，并且由此可以抑制或防止由于反向驱动而产生的齿隙噪音。另一方面，如果驾驶者将变速杆从位置R转换到位置D以便执行正向驱动，则TCU接合第一档，然后接合奇数离合器。这里，TCU释放R档，并且由此可以抑制或防止由于正向驱动而产生的噪音。
根据这种控制，在低速R-D或D-R蹒跚(lurch)行驶状况下，TCU频繁地接合/释放第一档和R档，因此延迟了行驶响应性，并且生成了过量的噪声。特别地，如果车辆的行驶模式是EV模式，则行驶是仅使用电动机执行的，并且因此驾驶者可能更强地感觉到由于齿轮接合/释放产生的噪声。
发明内容
本发明提供了混合动力车辆的控制方法，该方法在车辆执行蹒跚行驶时，根据车辆的行驶模式控制电动机转矩，以便改善车辆的行驶响应性。
根据本公开，一种混合动力车辆的控制方法包括以下步骤：如果控制器感测到变速杆的位置从位置R转换到位置D或从位置D转换到位置R，则确认车辆的行驶模式是否是EV模式；作为行驶模式的确认结果，如果车辆的行驶模式是EV模式，则通过控制器向电动机施加反方向的电动机转矩，使得电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步；以及在电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步之后，通过控制器向电动机施加正方向的电动机转矩，执行车辆的正常驱动。
如果电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步，则控制器可以执行电动机的再生制动，直到电动机速度达到0RPM为止，然后执行车辆的正常驱动。
该控制方法还可以包括以下步骤：作为行驶模式的确认结果，如果车辆的行驶模式不是EV模式，则通过控制器以预定转矩驱动电动机，使得电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步，由此执行拉紧控制。
在执行拉紧控制时，控制器可以控制电动机转矩为0Nm，然后以预定转矩驱动电动机。
从本文所提供的描述中，进一步的使用领域将变得显而易见。应当理解，所述描述和特定实例仅旨在说明的目的，并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
为了可以更好地理解本公开，现在将参考附图描述通过示例给出的各种形式，其中：
图1是示出混合动力车辆的控制装置的方框图；
图2是示出混合动力车辆的控制方法的流程图；
图3是示出在R-D蹒跚行驶期间当车辆的行驶模式是EV模式时的车辆控制的图；
图4是示出在R-D蹒跚行驶期间当车辆的行驶模式不是EV模式时的车辆控制的图。
在此所描述的附图仅用于说明的目的，并不旨在以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
下列描述在本质上只是示例性的，并不旨在限制本公开、应用或用途。应当理解，贯穿附图，相应的参考号指示相似的或相应的部件或特征。
首先，图1是示出根据本公开的一个实施例的混合动力车辆的控制装置的方框图。参考图1，在混合动力车辆的控制装置中，发动机1、发动机离合器3、电动机5和变速器7按顺序连接到车轮。发动机控制单元(ECU)2被设置用于控制发动机1，本地控制单元(LCU)4连接到致动器以控制发动机离合器3，控制器6被设置用于控制电动机5，变速器控制单元(TCU)8被设置用于控制变速器7。ECU 2、LCU 4、控制器6和TCU 8被设置为通过CAN通信来发送/接收控制信号。稍后将对混合动力车辆的上述控制装置的详细操作和功能连同混合动力车辆的控制方法进行描述。
参考图2，混合动力车辆的控制方法可以包括：如果控制器6感测到变速杆的位置从位置R转换到位置D或从位置D转换到位置R，则确认车辆的行驶模式是否是EV模式(操作S10)；通过控制器6向电动机5施加反方向的电动机转矩，使得电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步(操作S20-1)；以及在电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步(操作S20-1)之后，通过控制器6向电动机5施加正方向(regular-direction)的电动机转矩(操作S20-3)。
更详细地，如果控制器6通过TCU 8感测到变速杆的位置转换并且感测到R-D位置转换或D-R位置转换，则通过高层控制器，即混合动力控制单元(HCU)，确认车辆的行驶模式。这种操作用以确认发动机离合器3的接合/释放。其原因在于，只有在行驶模式是EV模式下发动机离合器3被释放时，才可以反方向的电动机转矩来控制电动机5。
如果感测到车辆处于EV模式，则控制器6释放变速器7的释放侧离合器。进一步地，控制器6可以向电动机5施加反方向的电动机转矩，从而使电动机5的旋转速度与变速器7内的接合侧离合器的速度同步。
由此，电动机速度可以迅速地与接合侧离合器速度同步，并且因此接合侧离合器可以迅速地啮合。即，当电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步时，控制器6通过TCU 8向接合侧离合器施加转矩并且向电动机5施加正方向的电动机转矩，由此在改变后的方向上驱动车辆。因此，在R-D或D-R蹒跚期间，车辆的行驶方向可以迅速改变，并且通过减少由于电动机速度和接合侧离合器速度之间的差产生的滑移量，可以抑制或防止离合器的过热。
此外，如果在操作S20-1中电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步，则控制器6可以执行电动机5的再生制动，直到电动机速度达到0RPM为止(操作S20-2)，然后执行正常行驶(操作S20-3)。
即，当电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步时，控制器6通过TCU8向接合侧离合器施加转矩，由此使接合侧离合器接合。由此，因惯性行驶而产生的车轮的旋转力被传输到电动机5，并且这种旋转力被用以在正方向上增加电动机5的旋转速度，并且因此可以增加车辆的行驶方向从正向行驶到反向行驶或从反向行驶到正向行驶的改变速度。
控制器6可以执行上述电动机再生制动，直到电动机速度变为0RPM为止，并且当电动机速度达到0RPM时向电动机5施加正方向的转矩，从而在改变后的方向上驱动车辆。这些操作S20-1、S20-2和S20-3通常可以称为接合控制(操作S20)。
图3是示出在R-D蹒跚行驶期间当车辆的行驶模式是EV模式时的车辆控制的图。参考图3，当变速杆的位置改变时，通过施加反方向的电动机转矩，电动机速度迅速地与接合侧离合器速度同步。当电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步时，通过向接合侧离合器施加转矩使接合侧离合器接合，从而执行通过车轮的旋转力增加电动机和接合侧离合器的速度的再生制动。之后，通过施加正方向的电动机转矩，可以在改变后的方向上驱动车辆。
另一方面，作为行驶模式确认(操作S10)的结果，如果车辆的行驶模式不是EV模式，则控制方法还可以包括执行拉紧(take-up)控制，在拉紧控制中，控制器6以预定转矩驱动电动机5，使得电动机速度和接合侧离合器速度同步(操作S30)。
即，如果车辆的行驶模式不是EV模式，则控制包括发动机1的驱动力的车辆的驱动，因此可以不在反方向上驱动连接到发动机1的电动机5。因此，当发生R-D或D-R蹒跚行驶时，控制器6在以预定转矩驱动电动机5的同时，通过TCU 8施加接合侧离合器转矩，从而在接合侧离合器滑移的同时增加接合侧离合器的速度。通过增加接合侧离合器速度，使其与电动机速度同步，可以使接合侧离合器接合。
这里，预定转矩可以具有这样设置的转矩值，即，使得电动机5维持特定值的旋转速度或更大。预定转矩是根据车辆类型而变化的，并且不限制于特定值。
此外，在执行拉紧控制时(操作S30)，控制器6控制电动机转矩为0Nm，然后以预定转矩驱动电动机5，从而平稳地将释放侧离合器释放。
图4是示出在R-D蹒跚行驶期间当车辆的驱动模式不是EV模式时的车辆控制的图。参考图4，当变速杆的位置改变时，在释放侧离合器被释放的同时，电动机速度首先被限制为0Nm，然后在以预定转矩控制电动机的同时向接合侧离合器施加转矩。由此，接合侧离合器滑移并且其速度增加，从而允许在改变后的方向上驱动车辆。
即，如果车辆的行驶模式不是EV模式，不能通过在反方向上控制电动机5，使电动机速度迅速地与接合侧离合器速度同步，并且因此可以执行拉紧控制，使得接合侧离合器滑移并且被接合。
为了便于理解说明，控制器6可以是电动机控制单元(MCU)。
从以上说明显而易见的是，在根据本公开的混合动力车辆的控制方法中，如果在R-D或D-R蹒跚行驶期间车辆处于EV模式，则使电动机速度迅速地与接合侧离合器的速度同步，然后使接合侧离合器接合，由此改善了车辆的行驶响应性并且减少了接合侧离合器的滑移量，从而防止离合器的过热。
此外，在EV模式下的蹒跚行驶期间，执行电动机再生制动，由此迅速地执行车辆的方向改变，并且减少从离合器产生的热。
虽然出于说明目的公开了本公开的实施例，但是本领域技术人员应当理解，各种修改、添加和替换都是可能的，且不背离本公开的范围和精神。

Claims (4)

1.一种混合动力车辆的控制方法，包括以下步骤：
当控制器感测到变速杆的位置从位置R转换到位置D或从位置D转换到位置R时，确认车辆的行驶模式是否是EV模式；
当车辆的行驶模式是EV模式时，通过所述控制器向电动机施加反方向的电动机转矩，使得电动机速度与接合侧离合器速度同步；以及
在所述电动机速度与所述接合侧离合器速度同步之后，通过所述控制器向所述电动机施加正方向的电动机转矩，执行车辆的正常驱动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其中，当所述电动机速度与所述接合侧离合器速度同步时，所述控制器执行所述电动机的再生制动，直到所述电动机速度达到0RPM为止，然后执行车辆的正常驱动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，还包括以下步骤：
当车辆的行驶模式不是EV模式时，通过所述控制器以预定转矩驱动所述电动机，使得所述电动机速度与所述接合侧离合器速度同步，由此执行拉紧控制。
4.根据权利要求3所述的控制方法，其中，在执行拉紧控制时，所述控制器控制所述电动机转矩为0Nm，然后以预定转矩驱动所述电动机。
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