CN106567717A - Construction oblique channel structure utilizing subway exit and entrance and construction method - Google Patents
Construction oblique channel structure utilizing subway exit and entrance and construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of urban track traffic design and construction, and particularly relates to a construction oblique channel structure utilizing a subway exit and entrance and a construction method. The structure is characterized by comprising an open excavation opening section, an underground excavation slope section, a civil defense straight section and a pull-in elevation section, all of which form the construction oblique channel structure, the construction oblique channel utilizing the subway exit and entrance structure, a tunnel preliminary bracing structure is adopted as a construction oblique channel bearing structure, and a subway station exit and entrance structure is formed through later construction of a secondary lining. The construction process comprises the steps that firstly, an oblique channel open excavation section is excavated; secondly, underground excavation preliminary bracing construction of the underground excavation slope section, the civil defense straight section and the pull-in elevation section is conducted; thirdly, the exit and entrance structure is downwards excavated; fourthly, formworking of an underground excavation section exit and entrance secondary lining is conducted; fifthly, backfilling and formworking of the open excavation section exit and entrance structure are conducted; and sixthly, an inner structure is constructed. By means of the construction oblique channel structure and the construction method, the risk of construction of a pull-in channel under the complex urban environment can be reduced, and safety of soil layer and rock stratum large section underground excavation subway station pull-in construction is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Design of Urban Rail Transit Engineering and technical field of construction, more particularly to one kind is in tunneling metro station construction, with reference to the setup of entrances and exits construction access ramp structure and corresponding construction method of subway station.
Background technology
Subway station is the important component part of urban rail transit construction, because its construction scale is big, investment is high, difficulty of construction is big and the time is longer, especially with the subway station of shallow mining method, typically all the node control engineering of all fronts.Shallow burial hidden digging is not affected traffic, do not change shifting pipeline and is affected minimum to surrounding enviroment due to it, thus is favored in down town city.With the development of urban rail transit construction, the surrounding enviroment at the position of subway station become increasingly complex, and at this stage people also increasingly pay attention to environmental protection, and shallow mining method subway station often becomes preferential selection.
Because subway station section is than larger, subsurface excavation method is typically all using the method for partial excavation, and changes big cross section is step by step cyclic into light section.Conventional Dryopteris sublaetaChing et Hsu method has middle hole method, side hole method and cavern-pile method etc..No matter using which kind of construction method, will arrange the construction passage into Station first, current tunneling construction of entering the station all is method using 2～3 construction shafts and construction transverse passage-way is arranged.Typically using the ventilating shaft at station two ends, construction of entering the station is organized in air channel of the passage using station of constructing to construction shaft.
Come with some shortcomings using the enter the station method of construction of the conventional tissue using ventilating shaft air channel, be first that efficiency of construction is relatively low, especially in lithostratigraphy.Construction shaft is set using ventilating shaft, muck removal and transport of materials are required for vertical-lift, arrange straddle truck or electric block.Meanwhile, if station tunnel is in rocky stratum, the intensity of rock mass is much larger than the soil body, also needs to take blasting construction method in tunnel excavation construction, and the cubic meter of stone after explosion transports more notable impact speed of application.Next to that construction safety risk is larger, the general area of ventilating shaft is big, generally requires more than more than 20m for depth during construction shaft, belongs to deep basal pit；Simultaneously the height of construction transverse passage-way is also required in 16m or so, excavates and construction risk is big.It is again that investment is high, due to being affected by the efficiency of construction shaft and transverse passage-way, a Station typically all needs 2 or 3 construction shafts of setting organizing construction simultaneously, just can guarantee that construction speed；The lift system that vertical shaft is arranged is also a no small spending.It is finally general all more complicated using the surrounding enviroment at shallow mining method station, is sometimes difficult to choose 2～3 suitable construction sites and comes organizing construction, often construction site can not implement just affects whole project progress.
As can be seen from the above analysis, by the way of construction shaft and construction transverse passage-way tissue enter the station construction there is the big distinct disadvantage of low construction efficiency and floor space in traditional Station.Require with reference to Shallow Covered Metro Station constructing tunnel mechanics feature and construction organization mode, to improve efficiency of construction comprehensively, reduce construction risk and occupied ground, propose one kind using subway gateway as construction access ramp structure, high section segmentation composition is chosen using open cut open-mouth section, tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and entering the station, the construction of quickly entering the station of soil property or lithostratigraphy shallow buried covered excavation big cross section metro station tunnel is realized.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that to overcome above-mentioned traditional Shallow Covered Metro Station to enter the station present in construction shaft and transverse passage-way organizational form not enough, guarantee that soil layer and rocky stratum big cross section metro station tunnel enter the station the safety of construction, a kind of utilization subway gateway is provided as construction access ramp structure and the construction method for entering the station, the structure has version and engineering method process is simple, change vertical-lift is into horizontal transport, haulage vehicle can be directly entered station main body construction, convenient and quick construction, improve efficiency of construction, and passage of constructing combines setup of entrances and exits, arranging a construction access ramp can meet station construction requirement, reduce construction area, save construction costs.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
One kind is using subway gateway as construction access ramp structure, it is characterized in that, including open cut open-mouth section, tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and enter the station and choose high section, the open cut open-mouth section, tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and entering the station are chosen high section and are sequentially connected and logical form construction access ramp structure.
The construction access ramp utilizes subway port structure, and construction period, construction in later period secondary lining formed the port structure of subway station using Tunnel structure as construction access ramp bearing structure；The clear span of construction access ramp adopts two lining structure width of port structure, the clear span >=4.5m of access ramp of constructing；The clear height of construction access ramp adopts the two lining structures height of port structure, the clear height >=5.0m of access ramp of constructing.
The open cut open-mouth section includes concrete shield top, foundation pit side-wall supporting, base plate of foundation pit bed course, plate brad supporting, open cut backfills layer, bed course and open cut waterproof layer, gateway xoncrete structure, the foundation pit side-wall supporting is arranged at the top both sides of base plate of foundation pit bed course, the concrete shield top is arranged at the top of the foundation pit side-wall supporting, the plate brad supporting is fixed on the outside of foundation pit side-wall supporting, the open cut backfill layer is filled between the foundation pit side-wall supporting of both sides and base plate of foundation pit bed course, the gateway xoncrete structure is located between the foundation pit side-wall supporting of both sides and it is located at the top that open cut backfills layer, the gateway xoncrete structure forms open cut exit and entrance, the bed course and open cut waterproof layer are arranged at open cut backfill layer, between the xoncrete structure of gateway.
In the open cut open-mouth section, the open segment length of the open cut is 25-35m, the foundation pit side-wall supporting is made up of shaped steel, soil nailing, bar-mat reinforcement and gunite concrete, and the bed course is arranged near open cut backfill layer, and the open cut waterproof layer is arranged near gateway xoncrete structure.
The tunneling slope section includes tunneling advance support, construction passage preliminary bracing structure, later stage excavates a structure at the beginning of gateway, the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, tunneling slope section fill concrete layer, the construction passage preliminary bracing structure setting props up the top of structure at the beginning of excavating gateway in the later stage, the lining structure of tunneling slope section two is arranged at the construction passage preliminary bracing structure, later stage excavates the inside of a structure at the beginning of gateway, tunneling slope section passage is offered in the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, the tunneling slope section fill concrete layer is filled in construction passage preliminary bracing structure, between the top of the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, the tunneling advance support is arranged at the tip exterior of the construction passage preliminary bracing structure.
In the tunneling slope section, the gradient≤14% that the tunneling slope section is longitudinally adopted, the lining structure of tunneling slope section two and tunneling slope section fill concrete layer, construction passage preliminary bracing structure, later stage excavate the tunneling waterproof layer for being provided with insertion at the beginning of gateway between a structure, the construction passage preliminary bracing structure is made up of grid steel frame, bar-mat reinforcement and gunite concrete, and the lining structure of tunneling slope section two is reinforced concrete structure.
The people's air defense flat segments include people's air defense advance support, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure, the lining structure of people's air defense two and gate stack structure, the people's air defense preliminary bracing structure setting is in the top outer of the people's air defense advance support, the lining structure of the people's air defense two is arranged at the inside of the people's air defense preliminary bracing structure, and the inside of the lining structure of the people's air defense two offers antiaircraft tunnel.
Described entering the station is chosen high section and includes entering the station and choosing high section advance support, enter the station and choose high section preliminary bracing structure, enter the station and choose the lining structure of high section two, enter the station and choose high section fill concrete layer, it is described enter the station to choose high section advance support and be arranged to enter the station choose the top outer of high section preliminary bracing structure, it is described enter the station to choose the lining structure of high section two and be arranged at described entering the station choose the inside of high section preliminary bracing structure, described entering the station is chosen the inside of the lining structure of high section two and offers the passage that enters the station, it is described enter the station to choose high section fill concrete layer and be arranged to enter the station choose high section preliminary bracing structure, enter the station between the top for choosing the lining structure of high section two.
In the people's air defense flat segments, the top down of the lining structure of the people's air defense two extends to form gate stack structure, and between the lining structure of the people's air defense two, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure people's air defense waterproof layer is provided with；Described entering the station is chosen in high section, it is described enter the station to choose the lining structure of high section two and enter the station choose high section fill concrete layer, enter the station to choose and be provided between high section preliminary bracing structure the waterproof layer that enters the station, described entering the station is chosen the vault of high section preliminary bracing structure and adopts 1:3 gradient gradual change is raised above station main body vault absolute altitude.
Construction method of a kind of utilization subway gateway as construction access ramp structure, it is characterised in that follow the steps below：
（1）Open cut open-mouth section foundation ditch unwrapping wire is positioned, and excavates access ramp open cut open-mouth section；Foundation pit side-wall is processed when excavating, plate brad supporting is set and is applied shaped steel and gunite concrete structure, be excavated to after the low absolute altitude of foundation ditch and apply base plate of foundation pit cushion layer structure as foundation pit enclosure structure using cast-in-situ bored pile+inner support system when stratum is weak；
（2）The tunneling advance support of tunneling access ramp arch is set in foundation pit side-wall, enters hole advance support using steel tube shed or grouting with small pipe；
（3）Carry out tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and enter the station to choose the access ramp boring construction of high section, construct and excavated using benching tunnelling method, geological conditions is poor or monitoring arranges interim inverted arch together in middle part when needing, and a structure construction at the beginning of the access ramp of gateway is mainly comprised the following steps：Advance support ductule or anchor pole and slip casting；Excavate, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one；Just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, gunite concrete；Preliminary bracing back-grouting；Carry out next step circulation；
（4）Enter the station and choose after the completion of high section preliminary bracing structure, carry out Station main structure construction；
（5）After the completion of the main structure construction of station, access ramp tunneling slope section bottom is abolished, gateway floor level is excavated to downwards, perform a structure at the beginning of gateway slope section bottom later stage excavation gateway；Then construction is entered the station and chooses high section, people's air defense flat segments to the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, and mould builds armored concrete；
（6）Backfill is entered the station and chooses high section and tunneling slope section gateway section arch top space, and backfill adopts C20 concrete, while serving as a contrast arch built-in slip casting pipe in port structure two, carries out two backing grouting behind shaft or drift lining, it is ensured that fill closely knit after two backings；
（7）Backfill gateway open cut open-mouth section, applies open cut waterproof layer and base plate, side wall and top board structure；Using plain earthen backfill open cut rectangular cross section top to ground elevation, gateway internal structure is applied, so far form the subway gateway as construction access ramp.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, using subway gateway as construction access ramp structure and construction method, the shortcoming for overcoming conventionally employed construction shaft vertical-lift efficiency low, change vertical-lift significantly improves efficiency of construction to one kind of the invention into horizontal flexible transport；
2nd, structural support system is simple, with reference to port structure step-by-step arrangement construction access ramp, makes full use of existing structure, abandoned project amount very little；
3rd, relative to traditional construction shaft and construction transverse passage-way, little as the structure section of construction access ramp using gateway, excavation height is little, and construction risk is little；
4th, structure occupied ground is few, does not directly increase construction site newly using subway gateway, while a construction access ramp can meet station construction demand, affects little to surrounding enviroment, is easy to construction organization and coordination；
5th, engineering method process is simple, easy to operate, is combined using light and shade and slope is chosen high piecewise combination mode and can well realize the construction function that enters the station, and improves work efficiency, saves construction costs.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural plan arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure vertical section arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the entrance station agent structure generalized section of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the open cut open-mouth section sectional schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the tunneling slope section sectional schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the people's air defense flat segments sectional schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that entering the station for the present invention chooses high section sectional schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the open cut open-mouth section supporting construction schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is that the construction access ramp preliminary bracing structure construction of the present invention forms schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the gateway tunneling slope section secondary liner structure construction schematic diagram of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the gateway open cut open-mouth section and internal structure construction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described：
In figure，1- foundation pit side-wall supportings，2- base plate of foundation pit bed courses，3- plate brad supportings，4- concrete shield top，5- open cuts backfill layer，6- open cut waterproof layers，7- gateways xoncrete structure，8- tunneling advance supports，9- construction passage preliminary bracing structures，10- access ramps construction channel base plate，The 11- later stages excavate a structure at the beginning of gateway，The lining structure of 12- tunnelings slope section two，13- tunneling slope section fill concrete layers，14- people's air defense advance supports，15- people's air defense preliminary bracing structures，The lining structure of 16- people's air defenses two，17- enters the station and chooses high section advance support，18- enters the station and chooses high section preliminary bracing structure，19- enters the station and chooses the lining structure of high section two，20- enters the station and chooses high section fill concrete layer，21- stations agent structure，22- gate stack structures，23- gateways internal structure，24- tunneling slope sections，25- people's air defense flat segments，26- enters the station and chooses high section，27- open cut exit and entrances，28- tunneling slope section passages，29- tunneling waterproof layers，30- people's air defense waterproof layers，31- antiaircraft tunnels，32- enters the station passage，33- enters the station waterproof layer，34- bed courses，35- open cut open-mouth sections.
Embodiment 1
One kind is using subway gateway as construction access ramp structure, including open cut open-mouth section 35, tunneling slope section 24, people's air defense flat segments 25 and enter the station and choose high section 26, open cut open-mouth section 35, tunneling slope section 24, people's air defense flat segments 25 and entering the station are chosen high section 26 and are sequentially connected and logical form construction access ramp structure.
Construction access ramp utilizes subway port structure, and construction period, construction in later period secondary lining formed the port structure of subway station using Tunnel structure as construction access ramp bearing structure；The clear span of construction access ramp adopts two lining structure width of port structure, and the clear span of access ramp of constructing is 4.5m；The clear height of construction access ramp adopts the two lining structures height of port structure, and the clear height of access ramp of constructing is 5.0m.
Open cut open-mouth section 35 includes concrete shield top 4, foundation pit side-wall supporting 1, base plate of foundation pit bed course 2, plate brad supporting 3, open cut backfills layer 5, bed course 34 and open cut waterproof layer 6, gateway xoncrete structure 7, foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 is arranged at the top both sides of base plate of foundation pit bed course 2, concrete shield top 4 is arranged at the top of foundation pit side-wall supporting 1, plate brad supporting 3 is fixed on the outside of foundation pit side-wall supporting 1, open cut backfill layer 5 is filled between the foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 of both sides and base plate of foundation pit bed course 2, gateway xoncrete structure 7 is located between the foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 of both sides and it is located at the top that open cut backfills layer 5, gateway xoncrete structure 7 forms open cut exit and entrance 27, bed course 34 and open cut waterproof layer 6 are arranged at open cut backfill layer 5, between gateway xoncrete structure 7.
In open cut open-mouth section 35, the length of open cut open-mouth section 35 is 30m, and foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 is made up of shaped steel, soil nailing, bar-mat reinforcement and gunite concrete, and bed course 34 is arranged near open cut backfill layer 5, and open cut waterproof layer 6 is arranged near gateway xoncrete structure 7.
Tunneling slope section 24 includes tunneling advance support 8, construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9, later stage excavates a structure 11 at the beginning of gateway, the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two, tunneling slope section fill concrete layer 13, construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9 is arranged at the top for excavating a structure 11 at the beginning of gateway in the later stage, the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two is arranged at construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9, later stage excavates the inside of a structure 11 at the beginning of gateway, tunneling slope section passage 28 is offered in the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two, tunneling slope section fill concrete layer 13 is filled in construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9, between the top of the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two, tunneling advance support 8 is arranged at the tip exterior of construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9.
In tunneling slope section 24, the gradient that the longitudinal direction of tunneling slope section 24 adopts is for 14%, the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two and tunneling slope section fill concrete layer 13, construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9, later stage excavate the tunneling waterproof layer 29 for being provided with insertion at the beginning of gateway between a structure 11, construction passage preliminary bracing structure 9 is made up of grid steel frame, bar-mat reinforcement and gunite concrete, and the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two is reinforced concrete structure.
People's air defense flat segments 25 are as completely using the people's air defense segment structure of subway gateway, including people's air defense advance support 14, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15, the lining structure 16 of people's air defense two and gate stack structure 22, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15 is arranged at the top outer of people's air defense advance support 14, the lining structure 16 of people's air defense two is arranged at the inside of people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15, and the inside of the lining structure 16 of people's air defense two offers antiaircraft tunnel 31.
Enter the station and choose high section 26 and include entering the station and choosing high section advance support 17, enter the station and choose high section preliminary bracing structure 18, enter the station and choose the lining structure 19 of high section two, enter the station and choose high section fill concrete layer 20, enter the station to choose high section advance support 17 and be arranged to enter the station and choose the top outer of high section preliminary bracing structure 18, enter the station to choose the lining structure 19 of high section two and be arranged to enter the station and choose the inside of high section preliminary bracing structure 18, enter the station and choose the inside of the lining structure 19 of high section two and offer the passage 32 that enters the station, enter the station to choose high section fill concrete layer 20 and be arranged to enter the station and choose high section preliminary bracing structure 18, enter the station between the top for choosing the lining structure 19 of high section two.
In people's air defense flat segments 25, the top down of the lining structure 16 of people's air defense two extends to form gate stack structure 22, and between the lining structure 16 of people's air defense two, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15 people's air defense waterproof layer 30 is provided with；Enter the station and choose in high section 26, enter the station to choose the lining structure 19 of high section two and enter the station and choose high section fill concrete layer 20, enter the station to choose and be provided with the waterproof layer 33 that enters the station between high section preliminary bracing structure 18, enter the station and choose the vault of high section preliminary bracing structure 18 and adopt 1:3 gradient gradual change is raised above the vault absolute altitude of station main body 21, is easy to the horse-head ingate that enters the station out.
Open cut exit and entrance 27, tunneling slope section passage 28, antiaircraft tunnel 31, the passage 32 that enters the station are sequentially communicated.
The utilization subway gateway of the present invention is applied to the embodiment of metro station construction as construction access ramp structure, as shown in Fig. 1-Figure 11, the following steps that the utilization subway gateway that the present invention is provided includes carrying out in order as construction access ramp construction method：
（1）The foundation ditch unwrapping wire of open cut open-mouth section 35 is positioned, and excavates access ramp open cut open-mouth section 35；Foundation pit side-wall is processed when excavating, foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 is set, set plate brad supporting 3 and apply shaped steel and gunite concrete structure, gunite concrete thickness 300mm；Using cast-in-situ bored pile+inner support system as foundation pit enclosure structure when stratum is weak；It is excavated to after the low absolute altitude of foundation ditch and applies the structure of bottom cushion 2, base plate of foundation pit bed course 2 adopts 200 thickness C20 concrete；Foundation ditch surrounding ground arranges concrete shield top 4 and reinforces and dash；
（2）The tunneling advance support 8 of tunneling access ramp arch is set in foundation pit side-wall, enters hole advance support using diameter 108mm steel tube sheds and diameter 32mm grouting with small pipe, grouting serous fluid adopts cement single slurry；Then foundation pit side-wall in the range of access ramp is abolished, grid steel frame is set and is welded with foundation pit side-wall shaped steel；
（3）Carry out tunneling slope section 24 to construct, excavated using benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, gunite concrete, completes construct passage preliminary bracing structure 9 and access ramp construction channel base plate 10, and slope section adopts the 14% downward gradient；
（4）Carry out people's air defense flat segments 25 to construct, people's air defense advance support 14 of first constructing is reinforced using grouting with small pipe；Tunnel excavation adopts benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, and gunite concrete completes oblique people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15.
（5）After the completion of people's air defense flat segments 25, enter the station and choose high section 26 and construct；Tunnel vault is according to 1:3 gradient gradually chooses height, and first construction is entered the station and chooses high section advance support 17, is reinforced using grouting with small pipe；Tunnel excavation adopts benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, and gunite concrete completes tiltedly to enter the station and chooses high section preliminary bracing structure 18, so far completes a structure construction at the beginning of access ramp of constructing；
（6）Enter the station and choose after the completion of high section preliminary bracing structure 18, carry out Station station agent structure 21 and construct；
（7）After the completion of station agent structure 21 is constructed, the access ramp construction channel base plate 10 of access ramp tunneling slope section is abolished, gateway floor level is excavated to downwards, perform a structure 11 at the beginning of gateway slope section bottom later stage excavation gateway；
（8）Later stage is excavated after the completion of a construction of structure 11 at the beginning of gateway, is entered the station from the retroversion construction of station interface and is chosen the lining structure 19 of high section two, the lining structure 16 of people's air defense two and gate stack structure 22, the lining structure 12 of tunneling slope section two, and using gang form scaffold mould armored concrete is built；
（9）Enter the station and choose high section 26 and the lining side of tunneling slope section gateway two has space, construction is entered the station and chooses high section fill concrete layer 20 and tunneling slope section fill concrete layer 13, backfill adopts C20 concrete, serve as a contrast arch built-in slip casting pipe in port structure two simultaneously, carry out two backing grouting behind shaft or drift lining, it is ensured that fill closely knit after two backings；
（10）After the completion of gateway tunneling open-mouth section 23 is constructed, construction open cut backfill layer 5 then applies the open excavation section bed course 34 and open cut waterproof layer 6 above it, and then mould builds base plate, side wall and gateway xoncrete structure 7；Using plain earthen backfill open cut rectangular cross section top to ground elevation, gateway internal structure 23 is applied, so far form the subway gateway as construction access ramp.
Embodiment 2
A kind of to be doubled as in construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, the clear span of access ramp of constructing adopts two lining structure width of port structure, and the clear span of access ramp of constructing is 5m；The clear height of construction access ramp adopts the two lining structures height of port structure, and the clear height of access ramp of constructing is 5.5m；In open cut open-mouth section 35, the length of open cut open-mouth section 35 is 26m；In tunneling slope section 24, the gradient that the longitudinal direction of tunneling slope section 24 adopts is for 12%；Remainder is with embodiment 1.
The utilization subway gateway of the present invention is applied to the embodiment of metro station construction as construction access ramp structure, as shown in Fig. 1-Figure 11, the following steps that the utilization subway gateway that the present invention is provided includes carrying out in order as construction access ramp construction method：
（1）The foundation ditch unwrapping wire of open cut open-mouth section 35 is positioned, and excavates access ramp open cut open-mouth section 35；Foundation pit side-wall is processed when excavating, foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 is set, set plate brad supporting 3 and apply shaped steel and gunite concrete structure, gunite concrete thickness 310mm；Using cast-in-situ bored pile+inner support system as foundation pit enclosure structure when stratum is weak；It is excavated to after the low absolute altitude of foundation ditch and applies the structure of bottom cushion 2, base plate of foundation pit bed course 2 adopts 200 thickness C20 concrete；Foundation ditch surrounding ground arranges concrete shield top 4 and reinforces and dash；
（2）The tunneling advance support 8 of tunneling access ramp arch is set in foundation pit side-wall, enters hole advance support using diameter 110mm steel tube sheds and diameter 30mm grouting with small pipe, grouting serous fluid adopts cement single slurry；Then foundation pit side-wall in the range of access ramp is abolished, grid steel frame is set and is welded with foundation pit side-wall shaped steel；
（3）Carry out tunneling slope section 24 to construct, excavated using benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, gunite concrete, completes construct passage preliminary bracing structure 9 and access ramp construction channel base plate 10, and slope section adopts the 12% downward gradient；
（4）Carry out people's air defense flat segments 25 to construct, people's air defense advance support 14 of first constructing is reinforced using bolt grouting；Tunnel excavation adopts benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, and gunite concrete completes oblique people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15；
（5）After the completion of people's air defense flat segments 25, enter the station and choose high section 26 and construct；Tunnel vault is according to 1:3 gradient gradually chooses height, and first construction is entered the station and chooses high section advance support 17, is reinforced using bolt grouting；Tunnel excavation adopts benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, and gunite concrete completes tiltedly to enter the station and chooses high section preliminary bracing structure 18, so far completes a structure construction at the beginning of access ramp of constructing；
Step（6）-（10）With embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of to be doubled as in construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, the clear span of access ramp of constructing adopts two lining structure width of port structure, and the clear span of access ramp of constructing is 5.5m；The clear height of construction access ramp adopts the two lining structures height of port structure, and the clear height of access ramp of constructing is 5.5m；In open cut open-mouth section 35, the length of open cut open-mouth section 35 is 35m；In tunneling slope section 24, the gradient that the longitudinal direction of tunneling slope section 24 adopts is for 13%；Remainder is with embodiment 1.
The utilization subway gateway of the present invention is applied to the embodiment of metro station construction as construction access ramp structure, as shown in Fig. 1-Figure 11, the following steps that the utilization subway gateway that the present invention is provided includes carrying out in order as construction access ramp construction method：
（1）The foundation ditch unwrapping wire of open cut open-mouth section 35 is positioned, and excavates access ramp open cut open-mouth section 35；Foundation pit side-wall is processed when excavating, foundation pit side-wall supporting 1 is set, set plate brad supporting 3 and apply shaped steel and gunite concrete structure, gunite concrete thickness 320mm；Using cast-in-situ bored pile+inner support system as foundation pit enclosure structure when stratum is weak；It is excavated to after the low absolute altitude of foundation ditch and applies the structure of bottom cushion 2, base plate of foundation pit bed course 2 adopts 200 thickness C20 concrete；Foundation ditch surrounding ground arranges concrete shield top 4 and reinforces and dash；
（2）The tunneling advance support 8 of tunneling access ramp arch is set in foundation pit side-wall, enters hole advance support using diameter 108mm steel tube sheds and diameter 30mm grouting with small pipe, grouting serous fluid adopts cement single slurry；Then foundation pit side-wall in the range of access ramp is abolished, grid steel frame is set and is welded with foundation pit side-wall shaped steel；
（3）Carry out tunneling slope section 24 to construct, excavated using benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, gunite concrete, completes construct passage preliminary bracing structure 9 and access ramp construction channel base plate 10, and slope section adopts the 13% downward gradient；
（4）Carry out people's air defense flat segments 25 to construct, people's air defense advance support 14 of first constructing is reinforced using grouting with small pipe；Tunnel excavation adopts benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, and gunite concrete completes oblique people's air defense preliminary bracing structure 15；
（5）After the completion of people's air defense flat segments 25, enter the station and choose high section 26 and construct；Tunnel vault is according to 1:3 gradient gradually chooses height, and first construction is entered the station and chooses high section advance support 17, is reinforced using grouting with small pipe；Tunnel excavation adopts benching tunnelling method, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one, just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, and gunite concrete completes tiltedly to enter the station and chooses high section preliminary bracing structure 18, so far completes a structure construction at the beginning of access ramp of constructing；
Step（6）-（10）With embodiment 1.
Present configuration and construction method are applied to the construction of quaternary formation and rocky stratum tunneling subway station and large cross-section tunnel construction passage, and tunneling section should strictly control excavation drilling depth and be not more than 1 Pin grid steel frame spacing when constructing, in time closing is cyclic；Horse-head ingate and operation should carry out stratum consolidation when changing；The length of bench for often walking excavation of passage is about 3～5m, when the upper strata excavation intermittent time is longer, using 5cm thickness gunite concrete closing faces；Rocky stratum takes weak blast, soft stratum that interim inverted arch control deformation can be arranged when constructing when constructing；Strengthen tunnel deformation monitoring simultaneously.
3 embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is impossible to it is considered as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All impartial changes made according to the present patent application scope and improvement etc., all should still belong within the patent covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of to double as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterized in that, including open cut open-mouth section, tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and enter the station and choose high section, the open cut open-mouth section, tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and entering the station are chosen high section and are sequentially connected and logical form construction access ramp structure.
2. one kind according to claim 1 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：The construction access ramp utilizes subway port structure, and construction period, construction in later period secondary lining formed the port structure of subway station using Tunnel structure as construction access ramp bearing structure；The clear span of construction access ramp adopts two lining structure width of port structure, the clear span >=4.5m of access ramp of constructing；The clear height of construction access ramp adopts the two lining structures height of port structure, the clear height >=5.0m of access ramp of constructing.
3. one kind according to claim 1 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：The open cut open-mouth section includes concrete shield top, foundation pit side-wall supporting, base plate of foundation pit bed course, plate brad supporting, open cut backfills layer, bed course and open cut waterproof layer, gateway xoncrete structure, the foundation pit side-wall supporting is arranged at the top both sides of base plate of foundation pit bed course, the concrete shield top is arranged at the top of the foundation pit side-wall supporting, the plate brad supporting is fixed on the outside of foundation pit side-wall supporting, the open cut backfill layer is filled between the foundation pit side-wall supporting of both sides and base plate of foundation pit bed course, the gateway xoncrete structure is located between the foundation pit side-wall supporting of both sides and it is located at the top that open cut backfills layer, the gateway xoncrete structure forms open cut exit and entrance, the bed course and open cut waterproof layer are arranged at open cut backfill layer, between the xoncrete structure of gateway.
4. one kind according to claim 3 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：In the open cut open-mouth section, the open segment length of the open cut is 25-35m, the foundation pit side-wall supporting is made up of shaped steel, soil nailing, bar-mat reinforcement and gunite concrete, and the bed course is arranged near open cut backfill layer, and the open cut waterproof layer is arranged near gateway xoncrete structure.
5. one kind according to claim 1 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：The tunneling slope section includes tunneling advance support, construction passage preliminary bracing structure, later stage excavates a structure at the beginning of gateway, the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, tunneling slope section fill concrete layer, the construction passage preliminary bracing structure setting props up the top of structure at the beginning of excavating gateway in the later stage, the lining structure of tunneling slope section two is arranged at the construction passage preliminary bracing structure, later stage excavates the inside of a structure at the beginning of gateway, tunneling slope section passage is offered in the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, the tunneling slope section fill concrete layer is filled in construction passage preliminary bracing structure, between the top of the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, the tunneling advance support is arranged at the tip exterior of the construction passage preliminary bracing structure.
6. one kind according to claim 5 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：In the tunneling slope section, the gradient≤14% that the tunneling slope section is longitudinally adopted, the lining structure of tunneling slope section two and tunneling slope section fill concrete layer, construction passage preliminary bracing structure, later stage excavate the tunneling waterproof layer for being provided with insertion at the beginning of gateway between a structure, the construction passage preliminary bracing structure is made up of grid steel frame, bar-mat reinforcement and gunite concrete, and the lining structure of tunneling slope section two is reinforced concrete structure.
7. one kind according to claim 1 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：The people's air defense flat segments include people's air defense advance support, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure, the lining structure of people's air defense two and gate stack structure, the people's air defense preliminary bracing structure setting is in the top outer of the people's air defense advance support, the lining structure of the people's air defense two is arranged at the inside of the people's air defense preliminary bracing structure, and the inside of the lining structure of the people's air defense two offers antiaircraft tunnel.
8. one kind according to claim 7 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：Described entering the station is chosen high section and includes entering the station and choosing high section advance support, enter the station and choose high section preliminary bracing structure, enter the station and choose the lining structure of high section two, enter the station and choose high section fill concrete layer, it is described enter the station to choose high section advance support and be arranged to enter the station choose the top outer of high section preliminary bracing structure, it is described enter the station to choose the lining structure of high section two and be arranged at described entering the station choose the inside of high section preliminary bracing structure, described entering the station is chosen the inside of the lining structure of high section two and offers the passage that enters the station, it is described enter the station to choose high section fill concrete layer and be arranged to enter the station choose high section preliminary bracing structure, enter the station between the top for choosing the lining structure of high section two.
9. one kind according to claim 8 doubles as construction access ramp structure using subway gateway, it is characterised in that：In the people's air defense flat segments, the top down of the lining structure of the people's air defense two extends to form gate stack structure, and between the lining structure of the people's air defense two, people's air defense preliminary bracing structure people's air defense waterproof layer is provided with；Described entering the station is chosen in high section, it is described enter the station to choose the lining structure of high section two and enter the station choose high section fill concrete layer, enter the station to choose and be provided between high section preliminary bracing structure the waterproof layer that enters the station, described entering the station is chosen the vault of high section preliminary bracing structure and adopts 1:3 gradient gradual change is raised above station main body vault absolute altitude.
10. a kind of utilization subway gateway doubles as the construction method of construction access ramp structure, it is characterised in that follow the steps below：
（1）Open cut open-mouth section foundation ditch unwrapping wire is positioned, and excavates access ramp open cut open-mouth section；Foundation pit side-wall is processed when excavating, plate brad supporting is set and is applied shaped steel and gunite concrete structure, be excavated to after the low absolute altitude of foundation ditch and apply base plate of foundation pit cushion layer structure as foundation pit enclosure structure using cast-in-situ bored pile+inner support system when stratum is weak；
（2）The tunneling advance support of tunneling access ramp arch is set in foundation pit side-wall, enters hole advance support using steel tube shed or grouting with small pipe；
（3）Carry out tunneling slope section, people's air defense flat segments and enter the station to choose the access ramp boring construction of high section, construct and excavated using benching tunnelling method, geological conditions is poor or monitoring arranges interim inverted arch together in middle part when needing, and a structure construction at the beginning of the access ramp of gateway is mainly comprised the following steps：Advance support ductule or anchor pole and slip casting；Excavate, the Pin bracing members spacing of drilling depth one；Just pneumatically placed concrete, hangs bar-mat reinforcement, erects bracing members, gunite concrete；Preliminary bracing back-grouting；Carry out next step circulation；
（4）Enter the station and choose after the completion of high section preliminary bracing structure, carry out Station main structure construction；
（5）After the completion of the main structure construction of station, access ramp tunneling slope section bottom is abolished, gateway floor level is excavated to downwards, perform a structure at the beginning of gateway slope section bottom later stage excavation gateway；Then construction is entered the station and chooses high section, people's air defense flat segments to the lining structure of tunneling slope section two, and mould builds armored concrete；
（6）Backfill is entered the station and chooses high section and tunneling slope section gateway section arch top space, and backfill adopts C20 concrete, while serving as a contrast arch built-in slip casting pipe in port structure two, carries out two backing grouting behind shaft or drift lining, it is ensured that fill closely knit after two backings；
（7）Backfill gateway open cut open-mouth section, applies open cut waterproof layer and base plate, side wall and top board structure；Using plain earthen backfill open cut rectangular cross section top to ground elevation, gateway internal structure is applied, so far form the subway gateway as construction access ramp.
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