CN106561104A - Soybean seed pretreatment method before sowing - Google Patents
Soybean seed pretreatment method before sowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106561104A CN106561104A CN201610907927.2A CN201610907927A CN106561104A CN 106561104 A CN106561104 A CN 106561104A CN 201610907927 A CN201610907927 A CN 201610907927A CN 106561104 A CN106561104 A CN 106561104A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A soybean seed pretreatment method before sowing comprises steps of ultrasound washing, action of an electric field, drying, ultraviolet irradiation, soaking with a medicament, formation of a coating layer, etc. By the pretreatment method of seeds, growth mechanism of embryonic cells of seeds can be activated, bacteria and viruses which are attached to the surface of seeds can be eliminated, resistance to diseases and pests can be raised during the period of seed growth, nitrogen fixation ability and photosynthesis of crops can be enhanced, and yield of soybeans can be increased. Meanwhile, the seed treatment method is simple, is low-cost, is convenient to operate, has strong treatment capability, and has no side effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to preprocess method before a kind of soybean seed sowing.
Background technology
Seed treatment is used for control polytype nuisance in various crop, germination especially in crop, emerge and
During early growth, by being protected from infecting for soil-borne disease and insecticide, seed treatment is generally used for guaranteeing consistent standard,
For the airborne disease at some initial stages in season and insecticide, the seed treatment of system is killed for traditional sprinkling leaf portion
Epiphyte pharmaceutical or insecticide can provide a kind of selection.
Under certain conditions, in homogeneous insemination and emergence is obtained, seed treatment can play the part of important role.Selectivity
Ground can protect seed or rice shoot to avoid early disease and insecticide using seed treatment affects crop emergence and growth.Minority kind
Subprocessing can be used for crop performance is improved during the season of growth.For example, the process comprising rhizobium inoculants is typically used
To improve the nitrogen fixing capacity of legume crop.
The modern seed treatment product prepared is used by farmer, seed treatment person and seed producers, and Jing often with
Some active component are blended and are used, and arbitrarily same inoculum, coloring agent, polymer and other auxiliary agents such as wetting agent are made together
With.These products are not intended to be unsafe to seed, environment or user.
After this treatment, to be packed and being stored, the seed of Jing process is carried and is transmitted.This carrying and biography
The warp let-off often results in the seed rubs mutually for processing, so as to cause the chemicals combined with these materials to come off.The chemicals
Often in the form of for example coming from the airborne particles of the pesticide in treatment compositions and other materials, which is dry for release
Solid particle is formed on dry seed.This can cause the seed that Jing is processed to lose its pesticide effectiveness, and by suction and experience, example
Such as stimulation of the airborne particles to eyes, the workman being exposed in this process operation is made to have health risk.
The time for processing seed is economically also extremely important, particularly loading medicated bag after the treatment step and storage
The time of the seed for processing.If the step of seed that storage was processed, slows down by any way, then entirely processed
Journey can be interrupted, unfavorable for what processor's (such as farmer, seed treatment person or seed producers) can cause economically.
Generally processor needs the fast turn-around or flowing of seed after seed treatment, so as to they can be processed greatly in the regular period
The seed of amount.If because the roughening of the seed for processing, the process causes seed adhered to one another or clings, then can subtract
Few this mobility feature.Especially in the country in the summer short north, harvest and on once sow between time it is short, so
Processor has to a large amount of seeds are processed in a short-term.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is pre- before being to provide a kind of simple and easy to do sowing suitable for soybean seed to be located
Reason method, the method can either effectively improve soybean seed bud ratio, strengthen soybean seedling diseases and insect pests resistance, it is ensured that Semen sojae atricolor children
Seedling is healthy and strong quickly to be grown, and improves Semen sojae atricolor yield per unit area.
The technical problem to be solved is realized using following technical scheme：
Preprocess method before a kind of soybean seed sowing, comprises the following steps：
(1) soybean seed is placed in the cylinder mould that mesh diameter is 0.2～0.5mm and is sieved, soybean seed after screening
It is placed in special ultrasonic cleaning pond together with cylinder mould and is cleaned, cleaning is divided into four-stage, first stage setting supersonic frequency 5～
10kHz, 5～8min of scavenging period, second stage setting 10～15kHz of supersonic frequency, 3～5min of scavenging period, phase III
Setting 15～20kHz of supersonic frequency, 3～5min of scavenging period, fourth stage setting 20～30kHz of supersonic frequency, scavenging period 5
～10min；
(2) by step (1) described a pair opposite metallic plates of special ultrasonic cleaning pond inwall and power on, while per 100L
Electrolyte solution 5L being added in water, in 30min, making supply voltage 200KV be risen to from 40KV, current synchronization is risen to from 2mA
10mA, terminates rear deenergization；
(3) soybean seed is placed in the drying of cleaning from taking-up from ultrasonic cleaning pond and is dried, drying is divided into four
Individual stage, respectively warm-up phase, constant-rate drying period, tempering stage, cooling stage；Warm-up phase starts to be heated, and temperature is in
Now rise, and seed moisture content does not also decline or reduces seldom, constant-rate drying period the surface of the seed steam partial pressure is in and plants
The saturation that sub- temperature is adapted, all heats for passing to seed are all used for the vaporization of vapor, and seed temperature keeps constant,
Even be declined slightly, the tempering stage is to stop heat supply making the process of seed moisturizing, its Main Function be eliminate seed inside and outside it
Between thermal stress, the rate of drying in the stage is in a slight decrease, and cooling stage seed moisture content no longer changes substantially, rate of drying drop
To substantially equal to zero；
(4) dried seed is placed in 10～15min of irradiation, ultraviolet sterilizing lamp ultraviolet source ripple under ultraviolet sterilizing lamp
A length of 250～255nm, the UV intensity that ultraviolet is radiated on the surface of the seed are not less than 70 μ W/cm2, to planting in irradiation process
Son is overturn, so that uniform irradiation is on the surface of the seed；
(5) seed is soaked 5～6 hours with the Gibberellins solution that mass fraction is 0.2%～0.5%, then be placed in medicament
Seed soaking carry out disinfection within 0.5 hour, from medicament take out after be soaked in containing in the warm water that plant ash, water temperature are 30 DEG C～40 DEG C simultaneously
Stirring, stirs and water temperature is dropped to rapidly 18～20 DEG C after seed expansion, finally take out seed；
(6) seed obtained by step (5) is stirred with nutrition base fluid, forms one in seed outer surface by kernel of seed
Nutrition clad, the nutrition coating thickness are 0.1～0.3mm, control nutrition clad by nutrition base fluid viscosity thick
Degree.
In the step (2), electrolyte solution is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Water 50-60 parts, copper sulfate 0.2-0.8 parts, potassium nitrate 0.5-0.7 parts, iron sulfate 1.5-2.0 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
1.2-1.8 parts, sodium nitrate 0.5-1.0 parts, Sodium Chloride 1.4-2.0 part, malic acid 2-2.5 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.8-1.5 parts, second two
Ammonium tetraacethyl disodium 0.5-1.2 parts.
In the step (3), 10～15min of warm-up phase time, temperature rise to 60 DEG C, during constant-rate drying period from room temperature
Between 20min, temperature remains 60 DEG C, and tempering phases-time 5min, temperature are down to 45 DEG C from 60 DEG C, cooling stage time 10min,
Temperature is down to room temperature from 45 DEG C.
Potassium permanganate solution of step (5) Chinese medicine by 1.5～2.0% (weight portions), the sulphuric acid of 1% (weight portion)
Sodium solution, the sodium dihydrogen phosphate composition of 10% (weight portion).
The potassium permanganate solution, metabisulfite solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate mass ratio are 1:2:1.
In the step (6), nutrition base fluid is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Water 30-40 parts, rhizobium inoculant 4-6 parts, fish flour 3-5 parts, aminoacid 2-4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae powder 5-10 parts, leaf mould
1-1.5 parts, Glycine max (L.) Merr. 1.2-1.8 parts, plant ash 5-10 parts, egg albumen powder 0.8-1.5 parts, rapeseed cake powder 6-10 parts, attapulgite
Clay 0.5-1 parts, Chinese medicine slag 8-12 parts, bone meal 1-2 parts, phosphoric acid 0.5-1.2 parts.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) compared to common cleaning, plant seed is cleaned using ultrasound wave, effectively removes the surface of the seed and contain
Minute impurities, while so that seed kind skin becomes loose with inner casing configuration, being conducive to later stage seed germination, improve seed germination
Rate；
(2) has lived plant seed prior to seeding in a dormant state, using the plant of electric field treatment resting state
Seed, improves the active Jing electric field actions of the activation energy and enzyme of seed, and seed obtains the energy of electric field, makes to be formed in seed
High-energy excites molecule, intraseminal moisture dissociation, basic nutrition material to dissolve rapidly；On the other hand as dielectric plant
Seed is polarized by electric field action, and long chains of protein is destructurized, occur dispersion, cohesion, be conducive to plumule absorption and
Utilize, the seed Jing after static electric field process, its amylase, peroxidase, the vigor of dehydrogenase are significantly increased；
(3) substantial amounts of protein (35%～45%) and fatty (19%～22%) are contained in soybean seed, its kind of skin has
Four confluent monolayer cells are constituted, and outermost palisade cells arrangement very consolidation, cell wall are also very rigid, so, just plant skin into greatly
Maximum resistance when bean is dried and teethes, using processed soybeans seed of the present invention, when being dried, internal moisture easily propagates through kind of a skin,
During germination, moisture enters kernel through kind of a skin, meets moisture required during germination and nutriment；
(4) seed after the inventive method process, can activate the growth mechanism of seed embryonic cell, eliminate kind of a sublist
The bacterial viruses of face attachment, improve seed growth phase diseases and insect pests resistance, strengthen the nitrogen fixing capacity and photosynthesis of crop, improve
Soybean yields；
(5) method for treating seeds of the present invention is simple, with low cost, easy to operate, and disposal ability is strong, has no side effect.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, tie below
Embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Preprocess method before a kind of soybean seed sowing, comprises the following steps：
(1) soybean seed is placed in the cylinder mould that mesh diameter is 0.2～0.5mm and is sieved, soybean seed after screening
It is placed in special ultrasonic cleaning pond together with cylinder mould and is cleaned, cleaning is divided into four-stage, first stage setting supersonic frequency 5～
10kHz, 5～8min of scavenging period, second stage setting 10～15kHz of supersonic frequency, 3～5min of scavenging period, phase III
Setting 15～20kHz of supersonic frequency, 3～5min of scavenging period, fourth stage setting 20～30kHz of supersonic frequency, scavenging period 5
～10min；
(2) by step (1) described a pair opposite metallic plates of special ultrasonic cleaning pond inwall and power on, while per 100L
Electrolyte solution 5L being added in water, in 30min, making supply voltage 200KV be risen to from 40KV, current synchronization is risen to from 2mA
10mA, terminates rear deenergization；
(3) soybean seed is placed in the drying of cleaning from taking-up from ultrasonic cleaning pond and is dried, drying is divided into four
Individual stage, respectively warm-up phase, constant-rate drying period, tempering stage, cooling stage；Warm-up phase starts to be heated, and temperature is in
Now rise, and seed moisture content does not also decline or reduces seldom, constant-rate drying period the surface of the seed steam partial pressure is in and plants
The saturation that sub- temperature is adapted, all heats for passing to seed are all used for the vaporization of vapor, and seed temperature keeps constant,
Even be declined slightly, the tempering stage is to stop heat supply making the process of seed moisturizing, its Main Function be eliminate seed inside and outside it
Between thermal stress, the rate of drying in the stage is in a slight decrease, and cooling stage seed moisture content no longer changes substantially, rate of drying drop
To substantially equal to zero；
(4) dried seed is placed in 10～15min of irradiation, ultraviolet sterilizing lamp ultraviolet source ripple under ultraviolet sterilizing lamp
A length of 250～255nm, the UV intensity that ultraviolet is radiated on the surface of the seed are not less than 70 μ W/cm2, to planting in irradiation process
Son is overturn, so that uniform irradiation is on the surface of the seed；
(5) seed is soaked 5～6 hours with the Gibberellins solution that mass fraction is 0.2%～0.5%, then be placed in medicament
Seed soaking carry out disinfection within 0.5 hour, from medicament take out after be soaked in containing in the warm water that plant ash, water temperature are 30 DEG C～40 DEG C simultaneously
Stirring, stirs and water temperature is dropped to rapidly 18～20 DEG C after seed expansion, finally take out seed；
(6) seed obtained by step (5) is stirred with nutrition base fluid, forms one in seed outer surface by kernel of seed
Nutrition clad, the nutrition coating thickness are 0.1～0.3mm, control nutrition clad by nutrition base fluid viscosity thick
Degree.
In the step (2), electrolyte solution is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Water 50-60 parts, copper sulfate 0.2-0.8 parts, potassium nitrate 0.5-0.7 parts, iron sulfate 1.5-2.0 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
1.2-1.8 parts, sodium nitrate 0.5-1.0 parts, Sodium Chloride 1.4-2.0 part, malic acid 2-2.5 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.8-1.5 parts, second two
Ammonium tetraacethyl disodium 0.5-1.2 parts.
In the step (3), 10～15min of warm-up phase time, temperature rise to 60 DEG C, during constant-rate drying period from room temperature
Between 20min, temperature remains 60 DEG C, and tempering phases-time 5min, temperature are down to 45 DEG C from 60 DEG C, cooling stage time 10min,
Temperature is down to room temperature from 45 DEG C.
Potassium permanganate solution of step (5) Chinese medicine by 1.5～2.0% (weight portions), the sulphuric acid of 1% (weight portion)
Sodium solution, the sodium dihydrogen phosphate composition of 10% (weight portion).
The potassium permanganate solution, metabisulfite solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate mass ratio are 1:2:1.
In the step (6), nutrition base fluid is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Water 30-40 parts, rhizobium inoculant 4-6 parts, fish flour 3-5 parts, aminoacid 2-4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae powder 5-10 parts, leaf mould
1-1.5 parts, Glycine max (L.) Merr. 1.2-1.8 parts, plant ash 5-10 parts, egg albumen powder 0.8-1.5 parts, rapeseed cake powder 6-10 parts, attapulgite
Clay 0.5-1 parts, Chinese medicine slag 8-12 parts, bone meal 1-2 parts, phosphoric acid 0.5-1.2 parts.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
It should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, described in above-described embodiment and description is only the present invention to personnel
Preference, be not intended to limit the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also have it is various
Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements are both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. preprocess method before a kind of soybean seed is sowed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soybean seed is placed in the cylinder mould that mesh diameter is 0.2～0.5mm and is sieved, after screening soybean seed together with
Cylinder mould is placed in special ultrasonic cleaning pond and is cleaned, and cleaning is divided into four-stage, and first stage setting supersonic frequency 5～
10kHz, 5～8min of scavenging period, second stage setting 10～15kHz of supersonic frequency, 3～5min of scavenging period, phase III
Setting 15～20kHz of supersonic frequency, 3～5min of scavenging period, fourth stage setting 20～30kHz of supersonic frequency, scavenging period 5
～10min；
(2) by step (1) described a pair opposite metallic plates of special ultrasonic cleaning pond inwall and power on, while per in 100L water
Electrolyte solution 5L being added, in 30min, making supply voltage 200KV be risen to from 40KV, current synchronization rises to 10mA from 2mA, knot
Deenergization after beam；
(3) soybean seed is placed in the drying of cleaning from taking-up from ultrasonic cleaning pond and is dried, drying is divided into four ranks
Section, respectively warm-up phase, constant-rate drying period, tempering stage, cooling stage；
(4) dried seed is placed in 10～15min of irradiation under ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, and ultraviolet sterilizing lamp ultraviolet source wavelength is
250～255nm, the UV intensity that ultraviolet is radiated on the surface of the seed are not less than 70 μ W/cm2, seed are entered in irradiation process
Row upset；
(5) seed is soaked 5～6 hours with the Gibberellins solution that mass fraction is 0.2%～0.5%, then be placed in seed soaking in medicament
Carry out disinfection within 0.5 hour, be soaked in after taking out from medicament containing in the warm water that plant ash, water temperature are 30 DEG C～40 DEG C and stirring
Mix, stir and water temperature is dropped to rapidly 18～20 DEG C after seed expansion, finally seed is taken out；
(6) seed obtained by step (5) is stirred with nutrition base fluid, forms a nutrition in seed outer surface by kernel of seed
Clad, the nutrition coating thickness are 0.1～0.3mm, control nutrition coating thickness by nutrition base fluid viscosity.
2. preprocess method before soybean seed as claimed in claim 1 is sowed, it is characterised in that electrolysis in the step (2)
Matter solution is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Water 50-60 parts, copper sulfate 0.2-0.8 parts, potassium nitrate 0.5-0.7 parts, iron sulfate 1.5-2.0 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2-
1.8 parts, sodium nitrate 0.5-1.0 parts, Sodium Chloride 1.4-2.0 part, malic acid 2-2.5 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.8-1.5 parts, second diammonium four
Acetic acid disodium 0.5-1.2 parts.
3. preprocess method before soybean seed as claimed in claim 1 is sowed, it is characterised in that in the step (3), preheating
10～15min of phases-time, temperature rise to 60 DEG C from room temperature, and constant-rate drying period time 20min, temperature remain 60 DEG C, delay
Soviet Union phases-time 5min, temperature are down to 45 DEG C from 60 DEG C, and cooling stage time 10min, temperature are down to room temperature from 45 DEG C.
4. preprocess method before soybean seed as claimed in claim 1 is sowed, it is characterised in that step (5) Chinese medicine
By the potassium permanganate solution of 1.5～2.0% (weight portions), the metabisulfite solution of 1% (weight portion), the phosphoric acid of 10% (weight portion)
Sodium dihydrogen solution composition.
5. preprocess method before soybean seed as claimed in claim 4 is sowed, it is characterised in that the potassium permanganate solution,
Metabisulfite solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate mass ratio are 1:2:1.
6. preprocess method before soybean seed as claimed in claim 1 is sowed, it is characterised in that nutrition in the step (6)
Base fluid is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
Water 30-40 parts, rhizobium inoculant 4-6 parts, fish flour 3-5 parts, aminoacid 2-4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae powder 5-10 parts, leaf mould 1-
1.5 parts, Glycine max (L.) Merr. 1.2-1.8 parts, plant ash 5-10 parts, egg albumen powder 0.8-1.5 parts, rapeseed cake powder 6-10 parts, attapulgite are glued
Native 0.5-1 parts, Chinese medicine slag 8-12 parts, bone meal 1-2 parts, phosphoric acid 0.5-1.2 parts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610907927.2A CN106561104A (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Soybean seed pretreatment method before sowing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610907927.2A CN106561104A (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Soybean seed pretreatment method before sowing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106561104A true CN106561104A (en) | 2017-04-19 |
Family
ID=58533119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610907927.2A Pending CN106561104A (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Soybean seed pretreatment method before sowing |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107041422A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-15 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | It is new to receive mung bean storage method |
| CN107251945A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-10-17 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | A kind of mung bean is put in storage pre-treating method |
| CN107493724A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-12-22 | 安徽科杰粮保仓储设备有限公司 | Soya seeds modification processing method |
| CN107518070A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-12-29 | 六安市兴业生产力促进中心有限公司 | It is new to receive the efficient storage method of soybean |
-
2016
- 2016-10-18 CN CN201610907927.2A patent/CN106561104A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107041422A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-15 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | It is new to receive mung bean storage method |
| CN107251945A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-10-17 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | A kind of mung bean is put in storage pre-treating method |
| CN107518070A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-12-29 | 六安市兴业生产力促进中心有限公司 | It is new to receive the efficient storage method of soybean |
| CN107493724A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-12-22 | 安徽科杰粮保仓储设备有限公司 | Soya seeds modification processing method |
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