CN106553418A - 一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106553418A
CN106553418A CN201611057282.4A CN201611057282A CN106553418A CN 106553418 A CN106553418 A CN 106553418A CN 201611057282 A CN201611057282 A CN 201611057282A CN 106553418 A CN106553418 A CN 106553418A
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贾仁广
吴铁恒
汪淼
邰军军
王俊
李昆明
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Wuhu Creates A New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法，包括上膜和下膜，上膜中各原料组份的质量百分比为：PMMA0～50％，增韧剂50～100％，PE蜡0.5～1％,抗静电剂0.5～2％,耐磨剂1～2％；下膜中各原料组份的质量百分比为：ASA粉20～50％，SAN50～80％，SAN‑g‑MAH5～10％，PE蜡0.2～0.5％，EBS0.5～1％，色粉2～8％，上膜采用普通PMMA材质，且上膜采用透明结构，下膜采用ASA材质，下膜根据需要着色，上膜生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—牵引—收卷或复合备用，下膜生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—印花—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将制备好的上膜和下膜进行热压复合操作，且上膜覆盖在下膜上印花一侧，然后进行操作过程：切边—牵引—收卷，改变各层膜的材质，提高膜材料的耐候性、柔韧性和防尘效果。

Description

一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于新材料技术领域，具体地说，本发明涉及一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着新材料技术的发展，当前，国内外的高耐候性膜材料多为双层或者三层结构。
双层结构为：上层为透明PMMA层，底层为着色PVC层；着色PVC层可进行印刷，例如印刷仿木纹理或者其他花纹，仿真度高。上层透明PMMA层采用特种PMMA材料，该材料独特的配方，使其具有极高的紫外光反射能力，随该透明PMMA层厚度的增加，整体紫外光反射能力越高，当厚度为0.05mm时，日光中的紫外光基本被完全反射或者吸收，所以更多时候需要厚板材；而普通PMMA材料不具备这一特点，普通PMMA材料的紫外光透射率很高，无法对底部的PVC层做到高度保护，因此上层材料的选择被大大限制。三层结构为：上层为耐候性超高的PVDF层，中间层为透明PMMA层，底层为着色PMMA层；着色PMMA层可进行印刷，例如印刷仿木纹理或者其他花纹，仿真度高。三层材料均为高耐候材料，所以耐候性更好，但是三层结构使板材厚度大大增加，成本也大大增加；PVC底膜耐候较差，易产生褪色现象，需要具备高紫外抵抗、高紫外反射的上膜作为保护层，这种上膜材料配方独特，材料稀缺；并且该层厚度一般要做到0.05mm左右。
为解决上述问题，人们想了很多方法，共挤出复合技术的应用，为解决PVC的耐候性提供了契机。ASA的分子结构决定其具有极佳的耐候性，并且ASA/PMMA这两种高分子材料与PVC的溶解度参数接近，使其与PVC较好的相容性，将具有优良耐候性能的ASA共挤出复合在PVC的表面，为其提供保护，是很好的解决方案，于是人们开发出共挤出彩色ASA/PMMA的PVC塑料异型材，并获得迅速发展。
发明内容
本发明提供一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法，改变了各层膜的材质，提高膜材料的耐候性、柔韧性和防尘效果。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料，包括上膜和下膜，所述上膜中各原料组份的质量百分比为：
原料 占比(％) 说明
PMMA 0～50 通用挤出级PMMA
增韧剂 50～100 丙烯酸酯类核壳结构增韧改性剂
PE蜡 0.5～1
抗静电剂 0.5～2
耐磨剂 1～2
所述下膜中各原料组份的质量百分比为：
原料 占比(％) 说明
ASA粉 20～50 胶含量≥50％
SAN 50～80 通用型
SAN-g-MAH 5～10 接枝率1％
PE蜡 0.2～0.5
EBS 0.5～1
色粉 2～8
优选的，所述上膜采用普通PMMA材质，且上膜采用透明结构。
优选的，所述下膜采用ASA材质，且下膜根据需要进行着色。
优选的，所述抗静电剂采用大分子长效抗静电剂。
优选的，一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料的制备方法，上膜生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将上膜各原料组份倒入挤出机中，然后在挤出机出料口经过压延操作后在牵引装置的作用下向前运动，被收卷或者复合备用；所述下膜生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—印花—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将下膜各原料组份倒入挤出机中，然后在挤出机出料口经过压延操作，然后在下膜表面进行印花操作后再进行牵引，然后被收卷或者复合备用。
优选的，将制备好的上膜和下膜进行热压复合操作，且所述上膜覆盖在下膜上的印花一侧，然后进行的操作过程是：切边—牵引—收卷。
采用以上技术方案的有益效果是：所述上膜采用普通PMMA材质，且在上膜原料中根据需求添加适量的增韧剂，大大提高了产品的柔韧性，实现了将上膜的厚度降低至0.02-0.04mm，也避免了出现折白现象的产生；另外上膜采用透明结构，在使下膜上的印刷纹理清晰可见的同时，再加上上膜和下膜采用热压复合在一起，起到对所印刷的纹理的压制作用；所述上膜原料中加入抗静电剂，且抗静电剂采用大分子长效抗静电剂，避免了因静电吸附灰尘颗粒，改善了产品表面的防尘效果；所述下膜中ASA粉的加入，所述下膜采用ASA材质，且下膜根据需要进行着色，由于ASA分子结构决定该膜本身的耐候性好，具备特殊抗紫外光能力，无需特殊保护，实现长效耐候性，且易着色，不易褪色；在下膜生产过程中进行印花操作，可根据需求印刷仿木纹或者其他花纹，仿真效果好，装饰性强。
附图说明
图1是上膜和下膜结构示意图；
图2是新型双层复合耐候膜材料生产流程示意图；
其中：
1、上膜；2、下膜。
具体实施方式
下面对照附图，通过对实施例的描述，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，目的是帮助本领域的技术人员对本发明的构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解，并有助于其实施。
如图1至图2所示，本发明是一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料及其制备方法，改变了各层膜的材质，提高膜材料的耐候性、柔韧性和防尘效果。
具体的说，如图1至图2所示，一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料，包括上膜1和下膜2，所述上膜1中各原料组份的质量百分比为：
原料 占比(％) 说明
PMMA 0～50 通用挤出级PMMA
增韧剂 50～100 丙烯酸酯类核壳结构增韧改性剂
PE蜡 0.5～1
抗静电剂 0.5～2
耐磨剂 1～2
所述下膜2中各原料组份的质量百分比为：
原料 占比(％) 说明
ASA粉 20～50 胶含量≥50％
SAN 50～80 通用型
SAN-g-MAH 5～10 接枝率1％
PE蜡 0.2～0.5
EBS 0.5～1
色粉 2～8
所述上膜1采用普通PMMA材质，且上膜1采用透明结构。所述下膜2采用ASA材质，且下膜2根据需要进行着色。所述抗静电剂采用大分子长效抗静电剂。
上膜1生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将上膜1各原料组份倒入挤出机中，然后在挤出机出料口经过压延操作后在牵引装置的作用下向前运动，被收卷或者复合备用；所述下膜2生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—印花—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将下膜2各原料组份倒入挤出机中，然后在挤出机出料口经过压延操作，然后在下膜2表面进行印花操作后再进行牵引，然后被收卷或者复合备用。将制备好的上膜1和下膜2进行热压复合操作，且所述上膜1覆盖在下膜2上的印花一侧，然后进行的操作过程是：切边—牵引—收卷。
所述上膜1采用普通PMMA材质，且在上膜1原料中根据需求添加适量的增韧剂，大大提高了产品的柔韧性，实现了将上膜1的厚度降低至0.02-0.04mm，也避免了出现折白现象的产生；另外上膜1采用透明结构，在使下膜2上的印刷纹理清晰可见的同时，再加上上膜1和下膜2采用热压复合在一起，起到对所印刷的纹理的压制作用；所述上膜1原料中加入抗静电剂，且抗静电剂采用大分子长效抗静电剂，避免了因静电吸附灰尘颗粒，改善了产品表面的防尘效果；所述下膜2中ASA粉的加入，所述下膜2采用ASA材质，且下膜2根据需要进行着色，由于ASA分子结构决定该膜本身的耐候性好，具备特殊抗紫外光能力，无需特殊保护，实现长效耐候性，且易着色，不易褪色；在下膜2生产过程中进行印花操作，可根据需求印刷仿木纹或者其他花纹，仿真效果好，装饰性强，另外可以根据应用场合的需求在该新型双层复合耐候膜材料的下膜2的背面增加背胶层，直接贴合在板材、片材表面，方便使用，可以满足不同的应用场合。
以上结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述，显然，本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要是采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进；或未经改进，将本发明的上述构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料，其特征在于，包括上膜和下膜，
所述上膜中各原料组份的质量百分比为：
原料 占比(％) 说明 PMMA 0～50 通用挤出级PMMA 增韧剂 50～100 丙烯酸酯类核壳结构增韧改性剂 PE蜡 0.5～1 抗静电剂 0.5～2 耐磨剂 1～2
所述下膜中各原料组份的质量百分比为：
原料 占比(％) 说明 ASA粉 20～50 胶含量≥50％ SAN 50～80 通用型 SAN-g-MAH 5～10 接枝率1％ PE蜡 0.2～0.5 EBS 0.5～1 色粉 2～8
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料，其特征在于，所述上膜采用普通PMMA材质，且上膜采用透明结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料，其特征在于，所述下膜采用ASA材质，且下膜根据需要进行着色。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料，其特征在于，所述抗静电剂采用大分子长效抗静电剂。
5.一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料的制备方法，其特征在于，上膜生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将上膜各原料组份倒入挤出机中，然后在挤出机出料口经过压延操作后在牵引装置的作用下向前运动，被收卷或者复合备用；所述下膜生产工艺步骤为：挤出—压延—印花—牵引—收卷或复合备用，将下膜各原料组份倒入挤出机中，然后在挤出机出料口经过压延操作，然后在下膜表面进行印花操作后再进行牵引，然后被收卷或者复合备用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种新型双层复合耐候膜材料的制备方法，其特征在于，将制备好的上膜和下膜进行热压复合操作，且所述上膜覆盖在下膜上的印花一侧，然后进行的操作过程是：切边—牵引—收卷。
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