CN106522632B

CN106522632B - Transverse half-honeycomb structure earthquake-resistant emergency room and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN106522632B
Application number: CN201510575511.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李殿义
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-09-11
Filing date: 2015-09-11
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2035-09-11
Also published as: CN106522632A

Abstract

An anti-seismic emergency room with a transverse semi-honeycomb structure is composed of a structural frame of a house, and side walls, end walls and a top plate, wherein the side walls, the end walls and the top plate are arranged on the basis of the structural frame and are provided with lighting windows and access openings; the half honeycomb frame comprises inclined columns which are positioned at two sides and are inclined inwards to form an angle of 60 degrees with the ground approximately, and a cross beam which is positioned at the top ends of the two inclined columns and is horizontally placed; the length of the cross beam is approximately equal to the length of one inclined column. Therefore, the method breaks through the prejudice that the traditional technology can only form the building by the complete honeycomb structure clustered vertically, and perfectly meets the requirements of simple and rapid construction, scientific and reasonable house structure, wide enough area and stable structure; the prefabricated structure is simple, light and easy to store and transport, is suitable for long-term living and is easy to reform after disasters.

Description

Transverse half-honeycomb structure earthquake-resistant emergency room and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a house structure and a construction method thereof, in particular to a transverse semi-honeycomb structure anti-seismic emergency house and a construction method thereof.

Background

It is known that honeycomb has a perfectly coordinated structure per unit area and volume, and clustered cells also have perfect structural stability and high load strength. Therefore, honeycomb structures are also widely used in the construction field. For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN101397819A, publication No. 2009, 4 months and 1 day; publication No. CN101377097A, published 2009, 3.4, discloses an earthquake-resistant building frame structure formed of hexagonal structural units, which arranges building frames in a plane in a clustered or individual hexagonal honeycomb structure, aiming to improve the overall earthquake-resistant performance by a honeycomb structure having a relatively stable structure. Undoubtedly, the building difficulty, the floor area, especially the floor shape and the living convenience are seriously insufficient, the building can not adapt to the complicated and limited topographic conditions of the earthquake area, and the building is far away from the traditional house structure which people are accustomed to and inconvenient to use; and the difficulty of selecting suitable building materials also exists.

As the field of earthquake-resistant buildings, after a strong earthquake occurs, a house collapses to cause a plurality of people to lose residences, and meanwhile, along with the inrush of emergency rescue and relief personnel, the contradiction between supply and demand of earthquake-resistant emergency houses is particularly prominent. In general, earthquake-resistant emergency houses should satisfy the following conditions:

1. the construction must be rapid, the construction is usually required to be wind-proof and rain-proof in the same day, and the basic decoration is finished within three days;

2. the area is wide enough to meet the needs of rescue places and a large number of disaster victims;

3. the method can resist severe weather conditions and meet the basic requirements of rain prevention and heat preservation;

4. enough earthquake-resistant grade, enough to resist the threat of strong earthquake or aftershock again in the earthquake area;

5. the material preparation, the storage and the transportation are convenient, and the transportation to a disaster area is convenient in time;

6. the structure parts are miniaturized, and the manual installation is convenient under the condition of insufficient mechanical equipment and electric power;

7. the structure is simple, the operation is easy, and all disaster relief volunteers can participate in construction under the command of technicians without technical training in the early stage;

meanwhile, what is important but neglected in the related fields in the past is that the emergency room needs to be beautiful and elegant, and should be dignity for disaster victims, and is favorable for reconstruction of permanent buildings after earthquake.

The existing earthquake area emergency building is usually made of wood boards or cloth awning materials; has relatively stable installation requirements or is completed by adopting a brick-concrete structure of full masonry and reinforced concrete plus masonry.

Therefore, the closest prior art solutions disclosed at present all have defects in material and structural principles, and cannot coordinate the contradictions of light weight, convenience, high strength and easy construction, and cannot fully meet the basic requirements listed above.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an earthquake-proof emergency room with a horizontal semi-honeycomb structure and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks caused by introducing a honeycomb structure in the prior art. The invention particularly adopts a structural mesh reinforcement honeycomb concrete structure and male and female bricks made of honeycomb concrete materials which are applied by the applicant as wall and roof structures.

The structural mesh reinforcement honeycomb concrete structure has the following technical characteristics:

the reinforced concrete composite material still takes steel bars and cement as main building materials, the structural mesh bars formed by the steel mesh sheets are combined with the lightweight honeycomb concrete, the holding force generated by the lightweight honeycomb concrete on the structural mesh bars forms the composite material physical force, the composite material physical force has completely different mechanical principles with the reinforced concrete structure in the general sense (the structural strength and the stability of a building are formed mainly based on the holding force of the concrete on a steel bar framework), the structure has the load capacity equivalent to that of the traditional reinforced concrete structure on the premise that the lightweight and heat-insulation performance are far better than that of the traditional reinforced concrete structure, and meanwhile, the reinforced concrete composite material has excellent construction convenience. The cellular concrete includes, but is not limited to, cellular pore materials such as lightweight concrete, aerated concrete and the like which are composed of cement base materials, lightweight aggregate, hard aggregate and additives.

The invention also makes full use of the male and female brick structure which is applied by the inventor and is used for the house wall surface structure, the male and female bricks are prefabricated building blocks which can form structural connection through tongue and groove structures such as tenons, teeth and the like, the formed wall surface is mainly kept stable by the occlusion among the building blocks, the tensile strength of the material is fully utilized, and the defect that the traditional building block structure wall surface is only connected by weak mortar bonding is overcome.

Therefore, based on the material and structural advantages of the light building material adopted by the invention, necessary technical support is brought to the realization of the transverse semi-honeycomb structure earthquake-proof emergency room structure and the construction method thereof.

According to the purpose, the transverse half-honeycomb-structure earthquake-resistant emergency room is composed of a structural frame of a house, and side walls, end walls and a top plate which are provided with lighting windows and are arranged on the basis of the structural frame, wherein the structural frame is formed by more than two groups of prefabricated half-honeycomb-shaped frames which are arranged in parallel; the end wall is provided with an entrance and an exit; the half honeycomb frame comprises inclined columns which are positioned at two sides and are inclined inwards to form an angle of 60 degrees with the ground approximately, and a cross beam which is positioned at the top ends of the two inclined columns and is horizontally placed; the length of the cross beam is approximately equal to the length of one inclined column.

Furthermore, the inclined column base is fixed on two anchoring angle irons which are longitudinally arranged in parallel along the house;

furthermore, a plurality of flat lacing wires used for limiting the distance between the two parallel anchoring angle irons are arranged between the two parallel anchoring angle irons.

Furthermore, a plurality of groups of longitudinal lacing wires penetrate through the half honeycomb frames.

Furthermore, some or all of the plurality of groups of half-honeycomb-shaped frames are provided with auxiliary beams which are positioned between the two inclined columns and are parallel to the cross beams.

Furthermore, the side wall, the end wall and the top plate are composed of heat insulation plates.

Further, the side walls, the end walls and the top plate are formed by plane net rib honeycomb concrete plates.

Furthermore, the side wall, the end wall and the top plate are formed by compounding a heat insulation plate and a planar mesh reinforcement honeycomb concrete plate.

Furthermore, the end wall is built by male and female bricks, and the side wall and the top plate are formed by heat insulation plates and/or plane net rib honeycomb concrete plates.

Further, the cellular concrete is a lightweight concrete material composed of cement base materials, lightweight aggregate, hard aggregate and additives.

Further, the lightweight aggregate comprises floating beads, vermiculite, polypropylene particles and/or fly ash; the hard aggregate comprises pumice and sand; the additive comprises cellulose, rubber powder, short fibers and a water reducing agent.

Furthermore, a foldable heat-insulation sunshade curtain is arranged on the outer side of the side wall.

Furthermore, the horizontal semi-honeycomb structure earthquake-proof emergency room is also provided with one or all of a ventilation skylight, a wind-proof heat-insulating barrier and a roof additional structure.

A construction method of the transverse semi-honeycomb structure earthquake-resistant emergency room comprises the following steps:

leveling and rolling the ground;

anchoring longitudinal angle iron for positioning column angles of the half-honeycomb-shaped frame;

(III) supporting more than two groups of semi-honeycomb frames in parallel, and arranging longitudinal lacing wires penetrating through each group of semi-honeycomb frames;

fourthly, laying or pouring the ground;

and (V) building or constructing a wall surface and paving a top plate.

Further, in the step (II), a plurality of horizontal lacing wires are arranged between the two parallel longitudinal angle irons.

And (VI), installing a heat-insulating sunshade curtain outside the side wall.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention constructs the house by the transverse half-honeycomb structure, breaks the success that the building can only be formed by the complete honeycomb structure clustered vertically in the traditional technology, perfectly achieves the purposes of simple and rapid construction, scientific and reasonable house structure, wide enough area and stable structure, and completely meets the requirement of resisting the strong earthquake or aftershock again in the earthquake region; the prefabricated structure is simple, light and convenient, and easy to store and transport; the utilization of proper heat-insulating materials, particularly honeycomb concrete materials, enables the house structure to be light and stable and has good heat-insulating effect; the method has the advantages of no need of complex foundation construction, loose selection of terrain conditions, perfect coordination of stable structure, attractive and elegant appearance and heat preservation comfort, suitability for long-term living and easiness in post-disaster modification.

Drawings

FIGS. 1_ A to D are schematic diagrams illustrating a construction process of a basic frame of a transverse semi-honeycomb structure earthquake-proof emergency room according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a construction process of a horizontal semi-honeycomb structure earthquake-proof emergency house body;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of additionally installing a heat-insulating and sun-shading curtain in a horizontal semi-honeycomb structure earthquake-proof emergency room;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of male and female bricks for constructing headwalls.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the application or improvement effect of the horizontal semi-honeycomb anti-seismic emergency room.

Description of reference numerals: the building comprises the ground 1, anchoring angle irons 11, horizontal tie bars 12, half honeycomb-shaped frames 2, inclined columns 21, cross beams 22, longitudinal tie bars 23, auxiliary beams 24, a building main body 3, side walls 31, a top plate 32, end walls 33, heat-insulating sun-shading curtains 34, a ventilating skylight 35, a roof additional structure 36 and a windproof heat-insulating barrier 37.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1D and 2, the anti-seismic emergency room with the transverse half-honeycomb structure of the invention is formed by arranging more than two groups of prefabricated half-honeycomb frames 2 in parallel to form a structural frame of a house, wherein each group of half-honeycomb frames 2 is formed by two inclined columns 21 and a cross beam 22 which are positioned at two sides; the inclined columns 21 are inclined inwards to form an angle of 60 degrees with the ground, and the cross beam 22 is connected to the top ends of the two inclined columns 21, and the length of the cross beam is approximately equal to that of one inclined column; the side wall, the end wall and the top plate provided with the lighting window are formed by surrounding the structural frame; the column feet of the inclined columns 21 are fixed on two anchoring angle irons 11 which are longitudinally arranged in parallel along the house; a plurality of horizontal tie bars 12 for limiting the distance between the two parallel anchoring angle irons 11 are arranged between the two parallel anchoring angle irons 11; a plurality of groups of longitudinal lacing wires 23 penetrate among the groups of half-honeycomb frames 2; in order to stabilize the half-honeycomb frame 2, an auxiliary beam 24 parallel to the cross beam 22 may be selectively provided between the two batter posts 21. Fig. 2 shows a process of forming the house main body 3 by providing the side walls 31 and the top plate 32 around the half-honeycomb frame 2 from left to right.

Fig. 3 shows an example of an application of the thermal sunshade 34 in the form of a roll screen (but not limited thereto) on the sidewall to further improve the construction and residential environment.

The end walls 33 are constructed of male and female bricks as shown in fig. 4, i.e., blocks made of the lightweight cellular concrete with interengaging tongue and groove. The utilization of the male and female bricks ensures that the built wall surface forms a stable form without penetrating seams on the structure without mainly depending on the bonding capacity of the building mortar in the traditional technology, thereby giving the wall surface higher anti-seismic stability; meanwhile, the light honeycomb concrete also enables the side wall and the end wall to have good heat insulation performance on the basis of light weight. The end wall 33 is provided with an entrance (door) of the house. Of course, the end walls 33 may also be constructed of the same planar mesh reinforced cellular concrete panels as the side walls 31, but due to size and shape constraints, there is some inconvenience in the prefabrication of the components unless cast in place.

The side walls 31 and the top plate 32 may be formed by adding insulation boards according to environmental conditions or by using insulation boards alone, but preferably formed by the planar mesh reinforcement honeycomb concrete slab.

The cellular concrete is a building material commonly used in the field, and is a porous lightweight concrete material generally composed of cement base materials, lightweight aggregate, hard aggregate and additives, and specifically, the lightweight aggregate comprises floating beads, vermiculite, polypropylene particles and/or fly ash; the hard aggregate comprises pumice and sand; the additive comprises cellulose, rubber powder, short fibers and a water reducing agent. Are not intended to be a technical feature of the present invention and thus are not described in detail.

According to fig. 5, as a long-term residence or post-earthquake reconstruction, the horizontal semi-honeycomb earthquake-proof emergency room 3 may be further provided with a ventilation skylight 35 for beautifying or increasing the roof additional structure 36 of the use function, such as: a terrace, pavilion, garden, etc., and a wind-resistant thermal barrier 37.

Referring to fig. 1A-D, the construction steps of the anti-seismic emergency room 3 with the transverse semi-honeycomb structure are as follows:

leveling and rolling the ground 1;

anchoring longitudinal angle irons 11 for positioning column angles of the half-honeycomb-shaped frame 2, wherein a plurality of flat lacing wires 12 can be arranged among the longitudinal angle irons 11 to increase the stability of the longitudinal angle irons 11;

(III) more than two groups of half-honeycomb-shaped frames 2 are erected in parallel, and longitudinal lacing wires 23 penetrating through the half-honeycomb-shaped frames 2 are arranged;

fourthly, laying or pouring the ground;

and (V) building or constructing the wall surface, which comprises the side walls 31 and the end walls 33, and paving the top plate 32.

Optionally, a thermal sunshade 34 is installed outside the sidewall 31.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a horizontal half honeycomb structure antidetonation emergency room (3), its characterized in that: the structure is formed by adopting a structural mesh reinforcement honeycomb concrete structure, the structural mesh reinforcement honeycomb concrete structure is formed by combining structural mesh reinforcements formed by steel mesh sheets with light honeycomb concrete and forming the resultant force of a composite material by adopting the holding force of the light honeycomb concrete on the structural mesh reinforcements; the house structure frame is formed by more than two groups of prefabricated half-honeycomb frames (2) which are arranged in parallel, and the side wall (31), the end wall (33) and the top plate (32) which are provided with lighting windows are arranged on the basis of the structure frame; the end wall (33) is built by male and female bricks made of honeycomb concrete materials, and the male and female bricks are prefabricated building blocks with tenon and tooth rabbet structures capable of forming structural connection; the end wall (33) is provided with an entrance and an exit; the half-honeycomb-shaped frame (2) comprises inclined columns (21) which are positioned at two sides and are inclined inwards to form an angle of 60 degrees with the ground, and a cross beam (22) which is positioned at the top ends of the two inclined columns (21) and is horizontally placed; the length of the cross beam (22) is equal to that of one inclined column (21); the side wall (31), the end wall (33) and the top plate (32) are formed by a plane net rib honeycomb concrete plate or formed by compounding the plane net rib honeycomb concrete plate and an insulation board.

2. An earthquake-resistant emergency room (3) with a horizontal semi-honeycomb structure according to claim 1, wherein the column foot of the oblique column (21) is fixed to two anchoring angle irons (11) arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the room.

3. An earthquake-proof emergency room (3) with a horizontal semi-honeycomb structure according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of tie bars (12) for limiting the distance between the anchor angle bars (11) are arranged between the two parallel anchor angle bars (11).

4. An earthquake-resistant emergency room (3) with a transverse half-honeycomb structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of groups of longitudinal tie bars (23) penetrate between each group of half-honeycomb frames (2).

5. An earthquake-resistant emergency room (3) of horizontal half-honeycomb structure according to claim 1, wherein some or all of the groups of half-honeycomb frames (2) are provided with auxiliary beams (24) parallel to the cross beams (22) and located between the two oblique columns (21).

6. An earthquake-proof emergency room (3) with a horizontal semi-honeycomb structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outside of the side wall (31) is provided with a retractable thermal insulation sunshade (34).

7. An earthquake-proof emergency room (3) with a transverse semi-honeycomb structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one or all of a ventilation skylight (35), a wind-proof heat-insulating barrier (37) and a roofing additional structure (36) are provided.

8. A method of constructing a horizontal semi-honeycomb earthquake-resistant emergency room (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:

leveling and rolling the ground (1);

anchoring longitudinal angle iron (11) for positioning column feet of the half-honeycomb-shaped frame (2);

(III) more than two groups of upper half honeycomb-shaped frames (2) are erected in parallel, and longitudinal tie bars (23) penetrating through each group of half honeycomb-shaped frames (2) are arranged;

fourthly, laying or pouring the ground;

and (V) building or constructing a wall surface and paving a top plate (32).

9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein in the second step, a plurality of tie bars (12) are arranged between two parallel longitudinal angle irons (11).

10. The construction method according to claim 8, further comprising a step (six) of installing a thermal sunshade (34) outside the side wall (31).