CN106513732A - Self-centering multi-claw chuck device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-centering multi-jaw chuck device, which is used for cooperating with a processing machine tool after clamping a workpiece so that the processing machine tool can process the clamped workpiece. A plurality of jaws are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of jaws are surrounded to form a fixed cavity for placing workpieces. The multiple jaws can move back and forth independently along the radial direction of the chuck base for clamping the workpiece in the fixed cavity. For the workpiece, the bottom of the fixed cavity is provided with a centering top assembly for matching with the tailstock top on the processing machine tool. The central axis of the centering top assembly coincides with the central axis of the tailstock top. The center top assembly withstands the center points of the two ends of the workpiece respectively, and then adjusts multiple jaws in turn to clamp and fix the workpiece, so as to center the workpiece before processing. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low production cost, convenient and fast operation, and can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the inner holes and outer circles of both ends of workpieces, especially special-shaped workpieces.

Description

A self-centering multi-jaw chuck device

technical field

The invention mainly relates to the field of photovoltaic equipment, in particular to a self-centering multi-jaw chuck device for processing photovoltaic equipment.

Background technique

In the field of photovoltaic equipment, a chuck is used to clamp and fix the workpiece to be processed, and then a processing machine tool is used to process the fixed workpiece. Workpiece processing requires high coaxiality at both ends. For example, a three-jaw chuck is currently used to clamp a cylindrical workpiece to process a slender shaft. The three-jaw chuck has the function of centering the cylindrical workpiece and can effectively ensure the coaxiality of both ends of the processed circular workpiece.

However, as shown in Figure 1, when the shape of some workpieces is not cylindrical, but square or other complex shapes, and the processing of these special-shaped workpieces also requires the inner holes and outer circles at both ends to be coaxial, there will be difficulties in processing . Because although the three-jaw chuck has the function of centering, it can only clamp circular parts. If it clamps special-shaped workpieces, it cannot guarantee the coaxiality of the inner holes at both ends of the special-shaped workpieces. And if the form of double top is used, the inner hole of the special-shaped workpiece cannot be processed. If you use other equipment (such as a five-axis machining center), the cost is more expensive and the processing is difficult.

Therefore, how to invent a device that can not only clamp cylindrical workpieces, but also clamp special-shaped workpieces under the premise of low cost, and can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the inner hole and outer circle of both ends of the special-shaped workpiece, has become an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a simple and compact structure, low production cost, convenient and fast operation, which can effectively ensure the coaxial machining of the inner hole and outer circle of both ends of the workpiece, especially the special-shaped workpiece. High-degree self-centering multi-jaw chuck unit for processing photovoltaic devices.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A self-centering multi-jaw chuck device, which is used to cooperate with a processing machine tool after clamping a workpiece so that the processing machine tool can process the clamped workpiece, including a chuck base, and the chuck base is sequentially arranged along the circumference. A plurality of jaws are arranged, surrounded by a plurality of jaws to form a fixed cavity for placing workpieces, and each of the plurality of jaws can move back and forth independently along the radial direction of the chuck base for clamping the fixed cavity The workpiece inside, the bottom of the fixed cavity is provided with a centering top assembly for matching with the tailstock top on the processing machine tool, the central axis of the centering top assembly coincides with the central axis of the tailstock top, and the operation At this time, the tailstock top and the centering top assembly respectively withstand the center points of the two ends of the workpiece, and then sequentially adjust a plurality of claws to clamp and fix the workpiece, so as to center the workpiece before processing.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the centering tip assembly includes a conical tip, the bottom of the conical tip is provided with a fixing part, and the fixing part is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes for fixing the The core tip assembly is detachably fixed on the chuck base.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper end of each jaw is provided with a clamping part that is used to contact the workpiece when clamping, and the clamping part is detachably mounted on the jaw through a fixing piece for targeting Workpieces of different specifications and shapes are replaced with clamping parts of corresponding specifications and shapes for clamping and fixing.

As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the clamping parts is provided with more than one second fixing hole, so that the clamping part is fixed on the claw by a screw.

As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the clamping parts is made of soft metal, preferably aluminum.

As a further improvement of the present invention, two protruding limit sliding bars are provided on both sides of the bottom end of each jaw, and the two limit sliding bars are arranged in parallel and symmetrically, and the upper edge of the chuck base In the radial direction, there are a plurality of limiting sliding slots that cooperate with the limiting sliding bars, and each of the claws slides in the limiting sliding slots through the limiting sliding bars to clamp the workpiece in the fixing cavity.

As a further improvement of the present invention, four jaws are evenly arranged in sequence along the circumference of the chuck base for clamping the workpiece from four directions.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:

(1) In the self-centering multi-jaw chuck device of the present invention, since the central axis of the centering top assembly coincides with the central axis of the tailstock top, no matter which end of the special-shaped workpiece is processed, the device can firstly process the workpiece Centering, after centering, clamp and fix for subsequent processing operations. The processing of the inner hole and the outer circle at both ends of the special-shaped workpiece can maintain a very precise coaxiality, and the processing yield is high.

(2) In the self-centering multi-jaw chuck device of the present invention, since the multiple jaws can be adjusted independently, that is, the moving stroke of each jaw can be freely determined. This is different from the jaws of the three-jaw chuck, which can only move synchronously, so that this device can not only clamp cylindrical workpieces with regular shapes, but also clamp workpieces with irregular shapes. stability and final machining accuracy.

(3) The self-centering multi-jaw chuck device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, low production cost, and convenient and fast operation. By cooperating with the top end of the tailstock on the processing machine tool, the inner hole can be processed at the end of the special-shaped workpiece. It effectively solves the problem that the existing double-top form cannot process the inner hole at the end of the workpiece.

(4) The self-centering multi-jaw chuck device of the present invention can replace the clamping part of the corresponding specification and shape for workpieces of different specifications and shapes, so that the cooperation between the clamping part and the special-shaped workpiece is higher, and the clamping is more stable . And when the clamping part wears out, the clamping part can be replaced in time, so that the jaws always maintain a good clamping function, effectively ensuring the coaxiality accuracy of the processing operation.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a special-shaped workpiece.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the self-centering multi-jaw chuck device of the present invention when clamping a special-shaped workpiece.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chuck base of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the centering tip assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the three-dimensional structure of the claw of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a first schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamping part of the jaw in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram 2 of the three-dimensional structure of the clamping part of the jaw in the embodiment of the present invention.

illustration:

1. Chuck base; 11. Limit sliding groove; 2. Claw; 21. Clamping part; 211. Second fixing hole; 22. Limit sliding bar; 3. Tailstock top; 4. Centering top Component; 41. Conical tip; 42. Fixing part; 421. First fixing hole.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the present invention provides a self-centering multi-jaw chuck device, which is used to cooperate with a processing machine tool after clamping a workpiece so that the processing machine tool can process the clamped workpiece. The self-centering multi-jaw chuck device includes a chuck base 1, on which a plurality of jaws 2 are arranged in a circumferential manner, and a plurality of jaws 2 are enclosed to form a fixed cavity for placing workpieces. The claws 2 can move back and forth independently along the radial direction of the chuck base 1 for clamping the workpiece in the fixed cavity. The centering top assembly 4, the central axis of the centering top assembly 4 coincides with the central axis of the tailstock top 3. During operation, the tailstock top 3 and the centering top assembly 4 withstand the center points of both ends of the workpiece respectively, and then adjust multiple The claw 2 clamps and fixes the workpiece to be used for centering the workpiece before processing.

When the workpiece to be processed is a special-shaped workpiece, the operator can first find the center point of the two ends of the special-shaped workpiece, and then put the workpiece into the fixed cavity, so that the tip of the centering tip assembly 4 at the bottom of the fixed cavity bears against the center of one end of the special-shaped workpiece point, and then the center point of the tailstock top 3 on the processing machine tool against the other end of the special-shaped workpiece. After resisting, adjust a plurality of claws 2 one by one to clamp and fix the special-shaped workpiece. Then remove the tailstock top 3 on the processing machine tool, and utilize the machine tool to process the end, for example, the end is processed into the outer circle of the inner hole as shown in the figure.

After the processing is finished, unclamp the jaws 2, and then turn the special-shaped workpiece around so that the pointed top of the centering top assembly 4 bears against the center point of the end of the special-shaped workpiece that has just been processed, and then the tailstock top 3 on the processing machine tool corresponds to the top Hold the center point of the other end of the special-shaped workpiece that has not been processed, and after holding it, adjust the multiple jaws 2 one by one to clamp and fix the special-shaped workpiece, and then remove the tailstock top 3 on the processing machine tool, and use the machine tool to fix the special-shaped workpiece The unprocessed end is machined. Through the above special scientific design, it has the following advantages:

First, because the central axis of the centering top assembly 4 coincides with the central axis of the tailstock top 3, no matter which end of the special-shaped workpiece is processed, the device can first center the workpiece, and then clamp and fix it Subsequent processing operations. The processing of the inner hole and the outer circle at both ends of the special-shaped workpiece can maintain a very precise coaxiality, and the processing yield is high. Of course, since the device can clamp special-shaped workpieces, workpieces with conventional shapes and specifications can also be well clamped.

The second reason is that a plurality of jaws 2 can be adjusted independently, that is, the moving stroke of each jaw 2 can be freely determined. This is different from the jaws of the three-jaw chuck, which can only move synchronously, so that this device can not only clamp cylindrical workpieces with regular shapes, but also clamp workpieces with irregular shapes. stability and final machining accuracy.

The third is that the device has a simple and compact structure, low production cost, and convenient and quick operation. By cooperating with the tailstock top 3 on the processing machine tool, the inner hole can be processed at the end of the special-shaped workpiece, which effectively solves the problem that the existing double-top form cannot be processed. The problem of the inner hole at the end of the workpiece.

As shown in Figure 4, further, in a preferred embodiment, the centering tip assembly 4 includes a conical tip 41, the bottom of the conical tip 41 is provided with a fixing part 42, and a plurality of first The fixing hole 421 is used for detachably fixing the centering tip assembly 4 on the chuck base 1 . Through such setting, the maintenance of the centering top assembly 4 is convenient. When the tapered top part 41 wears out, the centering top assembly 4 can be changed in time to effectively ensure the alignment between the central axis of the centering top assembly 4 and the tailstock top 3. The central axis coincides to effectively guarantee the coaxiality accuracy of the processing operation.

As shown in Figures 5 to 7, further, in a preferred embodiment, the upper end of each jaw 2 is provided with a clamping portion 21 that is used to contact the workpiece when clamping, and the clamping portion 21 is detachable through a fixing member. The clamping part 21 installed on the jaw 2 is used for changing the clamping part 21 of the corresponding specification and shape for workpieces of different specifications and shapes for clamping and fixing. In this embodiment, each clamping portion 21 is provided with more than one second fixing hole 211 , so that the clamping portion 21 is fixed on the jaw 2 by screws. Through the above special scientific design, it has the following advantages: First, because this device can hold different special-shaped workpieces, in order to maintain a stable clamping of the special-shaped workpieces and ensure the accuracy of the coaxiality of the processing operation, each jaw 2 The clamping part 21 can be designed in various forms, for example, the end of FIG. 6 is in the form of a semi-cylindrical surface, or the end of FIG. A work piece of a standard shape is replaced with a clamping part 21 of a corresponding standard shape, so that the cooperation degree between the clamping part 21 and the special-shaped workpiece is higher, and the clamping is more stable. Second, by setting the detachable clamping part 21, when the clamping part 21 wears out, the clamping part 21 can be replaced in time, so that the claws 2 can always maintain a good clamping function, effectively ensuring the coaxiality of the processing operation precision.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, each clamping portion 21 is made of soft metal, and the soft metal can be copper, aluminum, copper-aluminum alloy, etc., preferably made of aluminum. Because the clamping part 21 acts directly on the workpiece, the clamping part 21 is made of soft metal, which can effectively reduce the damage to the workpiece while ensuring stable clamping. The second is that the clamping part 21 can be in closer contact with the workpiece, and the clamping is more stable.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, further, in a preferred embodiment, four jaws 2 are evenly arranged in turn on the chuck base 1 in order to clamp the workpiece from four directions. Better results. Both sides of the bottom end of each jaw 2 are provided with two protruding limit slide bars 22, and the two limit slide bars 22 are parallel and symmetrically arranged. The limit slide groove 11 matched with the position slide bar 22, each claw 2 slides in the limit slide groove 11 through the limit slide bar 22 to clamp the workpiece in the fixed cavity, which can effectively ensure that the claw 2 does not When there is a deviation, the clamping effect is better, which effectively guarantees the coaxiality accuracy of the processing operation.

The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of self-centering multi-jaw chuck device, for coordinating so that machining tool is to clamping with machining tool after clamping workpiece Workpiece is processed, it is characterised in that including chuck pedestal（1）, the chuck pedestal（1）On circumferentially mode be sequentially arranged Multiple claws（2）, multiple claws（2）Surround the lock chamber to be formed for placing workpiece, multiple claws（2）Can be single Solely along chuck pedestal（1）The movable workpiece for fixing intracavity for clamping of radial direction, the bottom of the lock chamber sets Have one for machining tool on tailstock centre（3）The top component of centering being engaged（4）, the top component of feeling relieved （4）Central axis and tailstock centre（3）Central axes, tailstock centre during operation（3）With top component of feeling relieved （4）Respectively against adjusting multiple claws again successively after the central point at workpiece two ends（2）Workpiece clamping is fixed, for workpiece It is processed operation after being felt relieved again.

2. self-centering multi-jaw chuck device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the top component of the centering（4）Bag Include taper top tip（41）, the taper top tip（41）Bottom be provided with fixed part（42）, the fixed part（42）It is provided with Multiple first fixing holes（421）For top component of feeling relieved（4）It is detachably secured to chuck pedestal（1）On.

3. self-centering multi-jaw chuck device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that each described claw（2）It is upper End is equipped with for card-tight part during clamping with absorption surface（21）, the card-tight part（21）Removably installed by fixture In claw（2）Above, for the card-tight part of the workpiece replacing corresponding specification shape for different size shape（21）To carry out clamping It is fixed.

4. self-centering multi-jaw chuck device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that each described card-tight part（21）It is upper equal It is provided with more than one second fixing hole（211）, so that the card-tight part（21）Claw is fixed on by screw element（2）On.

5. self-centering multi-jaw chuck device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that each described card-tight part（21）By Soft alloy is made, and is preferably made of aluminium.

6. self-centering multi-jaw chuck device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that each described claw（2）Bottom Both sides are equipped with the spacing slider bar of two protrusions（22）, two spacing slider bars（22）Parallel Symmetric is arranged, the card Disk pedestal（1）On radially offer it is multiple with spacing slider bar（22）The spacing sliding groove for coordinating（11）, described in each Claw（2）Pass through spacing slider bar（22）In spacing sliding groove（11）Interior slip fixes the workpiece of intracavity for clamping.

7. self-centering multi-jaw chuck device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the chuck pedestal（1）Upper edge circle All modes are averagely disposed with four claws successively（2）, for from four direction clamp workpiece.