CN110385453B

CN110385453B - Tooling for machining marine components and chuck comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN110385453B
Application number: CN201910536960.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵振华; 黄雪峰
Original assignee: Chengxi Shipyard Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengxi Shipyard Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-20
Filing date: 2019-06-20
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-20
Also published as: CN110385453A

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool for machining marine parts, which comprises a tool body, wherein the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part matched with a clamping jaw of a chuck and a profiling structure arranged on the surface of the tool body, and the profiling structure is matched with the appearance of a workpiece to be clamped in a profiling mode. The clamp disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to use, low in cost and strong in practicability. When the clamp is used, the universal three-jaw chuck is used, the groove of the clamp is sleeved on the clamping jaw, the clamp can clamp a workpiece after the fixing screw is screwed down, the processing of a plane, an inner hole and an outer circle is directly carried out, the function of automatic centering of the three-jaw chuck is utilized, the calibration and the adjustment are not needed, and the workload of operators is reduced.

Description

Tooling for machining marine components and chuck comprising same

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tool for machining a marine component and a chuck comprising the same.

Background

Through the development of nearly 30 years, China has become a genuine big country for ship repair. In order to solve the problem of spare parts in repairing the outer wheel, more than 100 ship professional maintenance technical service stations, paint bonded warehouses and the like are established in China in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Qingdao, Tianjin and other coastal provinces. Since then, the ship repair industry in china has moved to socialization and specialization. At the same time, the ship repair industry is also starting to grow in size. A batch of 15 ten thousand ton, 20 ten thousand ton, 30 ten thousand ton and even 40 ten thousand ton class docks is built successively. The dock capacity of the dock repair in China is over 800 ten thousand tons, and the possession of a large dock is far more than that of a Singapore.

In ship repair production, old elbows and old tees detached from ships often need to be machined to restore the use requirements, and the thread specifications are different from 1/2 'and 3/4' of pipe teeth. In shipbuilding production, square steel in marine railings and stairs and both of the two types of workpieces have certain batches. The traditional processing method is to change a three-jaw chuck into a four-jaw chuck on a C6140 lathe (at present, three jaws are used more and four jaws are inconvenient to assemble, the four-jaw single-action chuck is called as a manual four-jaw single-action chuck for a machine tool and consists of a disk body, four screw rods and a pair of jaws, and the four screw rods are used for respectively driving the four jaws during working, so that the common four-jaw single-action chuck has no automatic centering function, but can clamp various rectangular and irregular workpieces by adjusting the positions of the four jaws, and each jaw can independently move), and a four-jaw clamping elbow is used for calibrating and adjusting a processing plane, an inner hole and an outer circle according to the appearance of the workpiece (as shown in figure 1). The processing method is troublesome in clamping and adjustment, the consumed auxiliary time is long, and the cut old parts are irregular in appearance, so that the cutting amount cannot be too large, time and labor are wasted, and certain potential safety hazards exist. Patent publication No. CN 208592404U: the utility model provides an elbow centre gripping frock for lathe chuck, includes the chuck, follows vertical draw-in groove and horizontal draw-in groove are seted up radially to the chuck, in the upper end cooperation of vertical draw-in groove goes up the jack catch, in the lower extreme cooperation of vertical draw-in groove down the jack catch, in both ends cooperate the side jack catch respectively about horizontal draw-in groove, the surface of side jack catch is connected with the one end of spliced pole, the cardboard is connected to the other end of spliced pole set up on the cardboard medial surface be used for with elbow external diameter complex draw-in groove. The utility model discloses simple structure, convenient to use utilizes the arc draw-in groove of side jack catch to hold the left and right sides of elbow tightly to make the work piece atress when high cutting speed even, guarantee the elbow non-deformable in the course of working, and by firm difficult departure that blocks, utilize the utility model discloses practice thrift the clamping time and the efficiency of work piece, improved machining precision and product quality greatly. The clamp is still a four-jaw chuck, and the problem of clamping parts such as a elbow and the like through a three-jaw chuck is not solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a tool for machining marine parts, which is simple in structure, convenient to use, low in cost and high in practicability, can be applied to a three-jaw chuck which is most widely applied, and reduces the workload of operators by utilizing the automatic centering function of the three-jaw chuck without adjustment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is to design a tool for machining marine parts, which comprises a tool body, wherein the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part matched with a clamping jaw of a chuck and a profiling structure arranged on the surface of the tool body, and the profiling structure is matched with the appearance of a workpiece to be clamped in a profiling way.

The tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part and a head part which is integrated with the tail part, wherein the channel steel shape of the tail part is matched with one end of a clamping jaw, the head part is cuboid or trapezoidal or cuboid with a copying structure arranged at one end, and the copying structure is an angle steel-shaped groove; the side of its afterbody of frock body sets up the screw thread through-hole, is equipped with fixing bolt with screw thread through-hole adaptation. The clamp is simple in structure, convenient to use, low in cost and high in practicability. When the clamp is used, only a universal three-jaw chuck is used, the groove (namely the tail part of the channel steel shape) of the clamp is sleeved on the clamping jaw, a fixed screw is screwed, and then a workpiece (an elbow herein) can be clamped, the processing of a plane, an inner hole and an outer circle is directly carried out, the function of automatic centering of the three-jaw chuck is utilized, the calibration and the adjustment are not needed, and the workload of an operator is reduced.

The tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail and a head integrated with the tail, the channel steel-shaped tail is matched with one end of a clamping jaw, the head is in a rectangular shape, a side face of the head is provided with a profiling structure, and the profiling structure is an angle steel-shaped groove. The head part and the tail part are made of the same material and are all metal pieces; after the workpiece clamping device is used, the effect is ideal, the clamping is quick, the positioning is accurate, and the rigidity of the workpiece is greatly improved. The novel tool overcomes the original problems and defects, the depth of the tool is increased from 1-2 mm to 3-4 mm, the working efficiency is improved by multiple times, meanwhile, the processing quality is obviously improved, the auxiliary time is shortened, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the potential safety hazard is eliminated, the economic benefit is increased, and the tool can be applied to three places by using the same principle according to different workpieces.

The angle steel-shaped groove is arranged on the side surface of the head part parallel to the bottom wall of the tail groove, a triangular prism is matched with the angle steel-shaped groove, a pin hole penetrating through two side surfaces of the triangular prism is formed in the triangular prism, a positioning pin column is matched with the pin hole, and a pin hole matched with the positioning pin column is also formed in the head part; the height of the head part is the same as that of the tail part, and two side surfaces in the height direction of the head part are flush with two side surfaces in the height direction of the tail part; two threaded through holes are arranged on the tail part. Realize two kinds of usage of a frock like this, both can be used for the clamping elbow, can also be used for clamping square steel, then pull out the locating pin post when needing the clamping square steel, take off the triangular prism can the clamping square steel, need the clamping elbow then to install the triangular prism and insert the locating pin post and can the clamping elbow. In order to better realize the function of clamping the elbow, the height of the head part can be set to be smaller than that of the tail part, and the top surface of the head part is flush with the top surface of the tail part, so that a space for placing the parallel part of the elbow is reserved below the head part. The threaded through holes in the tail part are provided with two through holes which can ensure that the fixture and the clamping jaw are firmly fixed, and the problem that the machining precision is influenced due to the small rotation of the fixture in the clamping post-machining process is solved.

The other technical scheme is that the height of the head part is higher than that of the tail part, one side surface of the head part is flush with one side surface of the tail part, the angle steel-shaped groove is formed in the side surface, parallel to the side wall of the tail part groove, of the head part and exceeding the tail part, and four threaded through holes in the tail part are formed in a two-pair mode; the four threaded through holes are arranged in a rectangular shape. Thus, the dual-purpose tool can be realized, and square steel and elbows can be clamped; however, in this scheme, the tool needs to be rotated and then fixed and screwed when different workpieces are clamped, and the bottom surface of the head part (the bottom wall of the tail part is perpendicular to the disk surface of the chuck in this case) must be higher than the disk surface of the chuck at the beginning of clamping, so that a space below the bottom surface of the head part is free for placing a part of the elbow, which is parallel to the disk surface of the chuck, and the arrangement of the four threaded holes is also matched with two different stations to clamp different workpieces, namely square steel and elbow.

The further technical scheme is that the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail and a profiling structure fixedly connected with the tail, and the profiling structure is an inflatable air bag. Therefore, the flexible inflatable air bag can realize the profiling clamping of various special-shaped workpieces, and the clamping of most special-shaped workpieces can be firm.

The further technical scheme is that one surface of the inflatable air bag, which is far away from the tail groove bottom wall, is made of PVC materials and is in an angle steel-shaped groove shape, and the inflatable air bag is made of chloroprene rubber. Such frock is suitable for the clamping square steel to still need the gasbag of aerifing on two other frocks to be similar to the shape of aforementioned trapezoidal body, nevertheless aerify gasbag its one side of keeping away from the afterbody slot diapire and adopt the PVC material to make. The material that its one side of keeping away from the afterbody slot diapire of inflatable bag adopted is different with the material of inflatable bag, and its hardness is higher, and at the in-process that the inflatable bag aerifys the back inflation, its one side of keeping away from the afterbody slot diapire of inflatable bag still keeps original shape (also keeps the shape with the square steel one corner profile modeling of waiting to clamp), is convenient for the spacing clamping piece (the square steel promptly) of waiting to clamp.

Further technical scheme does, it is the half cylinder recess form to aerify its one side of keeping away from afterbody slot diapire of gasbag, aerifys the gasbag and adopts chloroprene rubber to make and the half cylinder groove part adopts two kinds of materials to make, and the half cylinder groove part is formed by the three-section bonding, and its part that is close to afterbody slot diapire of half cylinder groove part adopts the PVC material to make, and its and two sections coupling parts of aerifing the gasbag of half cylinder groove part adopt chloroprene rubber to make. The tool of the inflatable air bag is suitable for clamping elbows and can clamp elbows with various calibers, because a part of a profiling structure (namely a semi-cylindrical groove) is made of flexible materials and a part of the profiling structure is made of hard materials, particularly, the edge of a notch is made of soft materials which are the same as those of the inflatable air bag, the design is ingenious, and because the elbow with the small caliber extends into the profiling structure (namely the semi-cylindrical groove) after the design, the elbow is abutted against the cambered surface part (namely the hard material part) of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) of the inflatable air bag of the tool, and then along with the inflation of the inflatable air bag, the edge of the groove protrudes inwards, and the protrusion can play a role of clamping the elbow to a certain degree; if the elbow is a large-caliber elbow, the flexible material can be extruded outwards, and as the inflation of the inflatable airbag progresses, a part of the elbow which is not abutted against the PVC arc surface part (namely, the hard material part) of the inflatable airbag is formed finally, only two lines at the outermost end of the PVC arc surface are abutted against the workpiece (the elbow herein), but the outward part at the outermost end of the PVC arc surface is made of the flexible material, so that the part (namely, the edge of the groove) protrudes inwards, and the part protrudes to a certain degree and can be abutted against the clamping elbow.

The chuck comprises the tool, the chuck is a three-jaw chuck and comprises a chuck body in the shape of a cylindrical shell, three jaws which are slidably arranged in a chute on the top surface of the chuck body, a disc-shaped bevel gear is rotatably arranged in the chuck body, a bevel gear meshed with the disc-shaped bevel gear is arranged on the side surface of the chuck body, and an external thread matched with a plane thread of the disc-shaped bevel gear is arranged on the end surface of each jaw facing the disc-shaped bevel gear; the clamping jaws are provided with threaded holes matched with the fixing bolts, and three tools are matched with the three clamping jaws; the heads of the three tools are all in a cuboid shape; or the head parts of the three tools are in a shape of two trapezoids, and the other tool is in a shape of a cuboid with an angle steel-shaped groove arranged at one end; or the three tools are provided with inflatable air bags. The lower surfaces of the guide parts of the three jaws on the three-jaw chuck are provided with threads which are meshed with the plane threads on the back surface of the disc-shaped bevel gear, when a spanner is used for rotating the bevel pinion through the square hole, the disc-shaped gear rotates, and the plane threads on the back surface simultaneously drive the three jaws to approach to the center or withdraw from the center so as to clamp workpieces (elbows) with different diameters. The front parts of the three tools are all in a cuboid shape and used for clamping an old elbow detached from a ship, and for better realizing the scheme, the height of the front parts of the three tools is less than that of the tail part, but the top surfaces of the front parts are flush with the top surface of the tail part, so that the bending parts of the elbows can be avoided by the front parts of the tools, and the smooth clamping of the vertical cylindrical parts of the elbows (the cylindrical parts of the elbows, which are vertical to the surfaces of the chucks) is realized; the head parts of the three tools are two trapezoids, and the other tool is a cuboid with one end provided with an angle steel-shaped groove and is just used for clamping square steel. The side surfaces of the two ends of the clamping jaw are provided with screw holes, and the clamping jaw is matched with a pair of screw holes arranged at the lower position of the tail part of the tool, so that the tool can be fixedly installed by a positive jaw and a negative jaw, and the square steel or an elbow can be clamped by the positive jaw and the negative jaw.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: after the workpiece clamping device is used, the effect is ideal, the clamping is quick, the positioning is accurate, and the rigidity of the workpiece is greatly improved. The tool overcomes the original problems and defects, the depth of the tool is increased from 1-2 mm to 3-4 mm, the working efficiency is improved by multiple times, meanwhile, the processing quality is obviously improved, the auxiliary time is shortened, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the potential safety hazard is eliminated, the economic benefit is increased, and the tool can be applied to three places by using the same principle according to different workpieces; the clamp can be applied to the three-jaw chuck which is most widely applied, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, low cost and strong practicability. When the clamp is used, only a universal three-jaw chuck is used, the groove (namely the tail part in the shape of channel steel) of the clamp is sleeved on the clamping jaw, a workpiece can be clamped after the fixing screw is screwed down, the processing of a plane, an inner hole and an outer circle is directly carried out, the function of automatic centering of the three-jaw chuck is utilized, the calibration and the adjustment are not needed, and the workload of an operator is reduced; the tool has two purposes, namely can be used for clamping an elbow and can also be used for clamping square steel; the threaded through holes in the tail part are provided with two through holes which can ensure that the fixture and the clamping jaw are firmly fixed, and the problem that the machining precision is influenced due to the small rotation of the fixture in the clamping post-machining process is solved. The flexible inflatable air bag can realize the profiling clamping of various special-shaped workpieces, and the clamping of most special-shaped workpieces can be firm. The material that its one side of keeping away from the afterbody slot diapire of inflatable bag adopted is different with the material of inflatable bag, and its hardness is higher, and at the in-process that the inflatable bag aerifys the back inflation, its one side of keeping away from the afterbody slot diapire of inflatable bag still keeps original shape (also keeps the shape with the square steel one corner profile modeling of waiting to clamp), is convenient for the spacing clamping piece (the square steel promptly) of waiting to clamp. The tool can be fixedly installed on both the positive claw and the negative claw, and both the positive claw and the negative claw can clamp square steel or an elbow.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art four-jaw chuck for clamping an elbow;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a clamped square steel in an embodiment of the tooling for machining marine components of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting elbow according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the upper tooling of FIG. 2 with the anchor bolts;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the tooling of FIG. 2 located at the lower left portion;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the tooling of FIG. 2 located at the lower right portion;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the tooling of FIG. 3 at the upper portion;

FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the disc bevel gear portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the jaw portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an exploded view of one of the jaws and the tooling in the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the clamp of FIG. 12 holding square steel;

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of one of the jaws and the tooling in the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the clamping elbow of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the clamp of FIG. 14 holding square steel;

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a five-center clamped square bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a fifth loading elbow of an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 20 is an enlarged schematic view of the tail portion of fig. 19.

In the figure: 1. a tail portion; 2. a contoured structure; 3. a workpiece is to be clamped; 4. a header; 5. a threaded through hole; 6. fixing the bolt; 7. inserting a block; 8. a pin hole; 9. positioning the pin column; 10. a semi-cylindrical groove portion; 11. a connecting portion; 12. a chuck body; 13. a claw; 14. a disk-shaped bevel gear; 15. a bevel gear; 16. a planar thread; 17. a threaded bore.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 2 to 11 (for convenience of illustration, fig. 9 does not show a workpiece to be clamped and only shows one jaw), the tool for machining the marine component comprises a tool body, wherein the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part 1 matched with the jaw 13 of the chuck and a profiling structure 2 arranged on the surface of the tool body, and the profiling structure 2 is matched with the shape of the workpiece 3 to be clamped in a profiling mode. The tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part 1 and a head part 4 integrated with the tail part 1, wherein the channel steel shape of the tail part 1 is matched with one end of a clamping jaw 13, the head part 4 is cuboid or trapezoid or cuboid with a profiling structure 2 arranged at one end, and the profiling structure 2 is an angle steel-shaped groove; the side of its afterbody 1 of frock body sets up screw thread through-hole 5, is equipped with fixing bolt 6 with screw thread through-hole 5 adaptation.

The chuck comprises the tool, the chuck is a three-jaw chuck and comprises a chuck body 12 in a cylindrical shell shape and three jaws 13 arranged in a chute on the top surface of the chuck body 12 in a sliding way, a disc-shaped bevel gear 14 is rotationally arranged in the chuck body 12, a bevel gear 15 meshed with the disc-shaped bevel gear 14 is rotationally arranged on the side surface of the chuck body 12, and threads matched with planar threads 16 of the disc-shaped bevel gear 14 are arranged on the end surface of each jaw 13 facing the disc-shaped bevel gear 14; the clamping jaws 13 are provided with threaded holes 17 matched with the fixing bolts 6, and three tools are matched with the three clamping jaws 13; the head parts 4 of the three tools are all in a cuboid shape; or the head parts 4 of the three tools are in a shape of two trapezoids, and the other tool is in a shape of a cuboid with an angle steel-shaped groove at one end; or the three tools are provided with inflatable air bags.

Example two:

the difference from the first embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the tool body includes a tail portion 1 in a channel shape and a head portion 4 formed integrally with the tail portion 1, the channel shape of the tail portion 1 is adapted to one end of a jaw 13, the head portion 4 is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a profile modeling structure 2 is arranged on one side surface of the head portion 4, and the profile modeling structure 2 is an angle iron-shaped groove. The angle iron-shaped groove is arranged on the side surface of the head part 4 parallel to the bottom wall of the groove of the tail part 1, a triangular prism-shaped inserting block 7 is matched with the angle iron-shaped groove, a pin hole 8 penetrating through two side surfaces of the inserting block 7 is arranged on the inserting block 7, a positioning pin 9 is matched with the pin hole 8, and a pin hole 8 matched with the positioning pin 9 is also arranged on the head part 4; the head part 4 is lower than the tail part 1 in height, and two side surfaces in the height direction of the head part 4 are flush with two side surfaces in the height direction of the tail part 1; two threaded through holes 5 are arranged on the tail part 1.

Example three:

the difference from the second embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 14 to fig. 16, the height of the head part 4 is higher than that of the tail part 1 and one side surface of the head part 4 is flush with one side surface of the tail part 1, the angle steel-shaped groove is arranged on the side surface of the head part 4 which is parallel to the side wall of the groove of the tail part 1 and exceeds the tail part 1, and four threaded through holes 5 on the tail part 1 are arranged in two pairs; the four threaded through holes 5 are arranged in a rectangular shape.

Example four:

the difference from the first embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 17, the tool body includes a tail portion 1 in a channel steel shape and a profiling structure 2 fixedly connected with the tail portion 1, and the profiling structure 2 is an inflatable airbag.

Example five:

the difference from the first embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 18 to fig. 20, one surface of the inflatable airbag far from the bottom wall of the tail portion 1 is in a semi-cylindrical groove shape, the inflatable airbag is made of neoprene, the semi-cylindrical groove portion 10 is made of two materials, the semi-cylindrical groove portion 10 is formed by bonding three sections, the part of the semi-cylindrical groove portion 10 close to the bottom wall of the tail portion 1 is made of PVC material, and the connecting portion 11 of the semi-cylindrical groove portion 10 and the two sections of the inflatable airbag is made of neoprene. The tool for clamping square steel adopts an inflatable air bag, one surface of the inflatable air bag, which is far away from the groove bottom wall of the tail part 1, is made of PVC material and is in an angle steel groove shape, and the inflatable air bag is made of chloroprene rubber.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The tool for machining the marine parts is characterized by comprising a tool body, wherein the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part matched with a clamping jaw of a chuck and a profiling structure arranged on the surface of the tool body, and the profiling structure is matched with the appearance of a workpiece to be clamped in a profiling manner; the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail part and a head part integrated with the tail part, the channel steel shape of the tail part is matched with one end of a clamping jaw, the head part is cuboid, a profile modeling structure is arranged on one side surface of the head part, the profile modeling structure is an angle steel-shaped groove, the height of the head part is higher than that of the tail part, one side surface of the head part is flush with one side surface of the tail part, the angle steel-shaped groove is arranged on the side surface, parallel to the side wall of the tail part groove, of the head part and exceeds the tail part, and four threaded through holes in the tail part are; the four threaded through holes are arranged in a rectangular shape.

2. The tooling for machining the marine component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tooling body comprises a channel-steel-shaped tail part and a head part integrated with the tail part, the channel-steel shape of the tail part is matched with one end of the jaw, the head part is cuboid or trapezoidal or cuboid with a profiling structure arranged at one end, and the profiling structure is an angle steel-shaped groove; the side of its afterbody of frock body sets up the screw thread through-hole, is equipped with fixing bolt with screw thread through-hole adaptation.

3. The tooling for machining the marine component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle-shaped groove is formed in the head part on a side surface parallel to the bottom wall of the tail groove, a triangular prism is arranged in the triangular prism in a manner of being matched with the angle-shaped groove, pin holes penetrating through two side surfaces of the triangular prism are formed in the triangular prism, a positioning pin column is arranged in the manner of being matched with the pin holes, and the head part is also provided with the pin holes matched with the positioning pin column; the height of the head part is the same as that of the tail part, and two side surfaces in the height direction of the head part are flush with two side surfaces in the height direction of the tail part; two threaded through holes are arranged on the tail part.

4. The tool for machining the marine component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool body comprises a channel steel-shaped tail portion and a profiling structure fixedly connected with the tail portion, and the profiling structure is an inflatable air bag.

5. The tooling for machining the marine component as claimed in claim 4, wherein the side of the inflatable air bag, which is far away from the bottom wall of the tail groove, is made of PVC material and is in the shape of an angle-steel groove, and the inflatable air bag is made of chloroprene rubber.

6. The tool for machining the marine component as claimed in claim 4, wherein the side of the inflatable airbag, which is far away from the bottom wall of the tail groove, is in a semi-cylindrical groove shape, the inflatable airbag is made of chloroprene rubber, the semi-cylindrical groove is made of two materials, the semi-cylindrical groove is formed by bonding three sections, the part of the semi-cylindrical groove, which is close to the bottom wall of the tail groove, is made of PVC material, and the connecting part of the semi-cylindrical groove and the two sections of the inflatable airbag is made of chloroprene rubber.

7. The chuck comprising the tooling of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the chuck is a three-jaw chuck comprising a chuck body in the shape of a cylindrical shell, three jaws slidably arranged in sliding grooves on the top surface of the chuck body, a disc-shaped bevel gear rotatably arranged in the chuck body, a bevel gear meshed with the disc-shaped bevel gear arranged on the side surface of the chuck body, and an external thread matched with the plane thread of the disc-shaped bevel gear arranged on the end surface of each jaw facing the disc-shaped bevel gear; the clamping jaws are provided with threaded holes matched with the fixing bolts, and three tools are matched with the three clamping jaws; the heads of the three tools are all in a cuboid shape; or the head parts of the three tools are in a shape of two trapezoids, and the other tool is in a shape of a cuboid with an angle steel-shaped groove arranged at one end; or the three tools are provided with inflatable air bags.