CN106513456B - A kind of high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106513456B CN106513456B CN201611008631.3A CN201611008631A CN106513456B CN 106513456 B CN106513456 B CN 106513456B CN 201611008631 A CN201611008631 A CN 201611008631A CN 106513456 B CN106513456 B CN 106513456B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/14—Making other products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/04—Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/12—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by stretching with or without twisting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology, belong to technical field of aluminum alloy technology, comprise the following steps：First, structuring processing is carried out to mould；Then, Homogenization Treatments are carried out to casting rod；Then, hot extrusion is carried out to casting rod；Then, stretch processing is carried out to section bar；Then, Quench heating processing is carried out to section bar；Then, tension straingtening processing is carried out to section bar；Finally, natural aging treatment is carried out to section bar.Present invention is generally directed to high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section extrusion process technologies to be studied, it is combined by optimum design of die, extruding, stretching and heat treatment process exploitation etc., final realize improves the product forms yield rate and production efficiency, alternative foreign countries' imported product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum alloy technology, and in particular to a kind of high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production work
Skill.
Background technology
2024 aluminium alloys are also known as high intensity duralumin, its extrudate be mainly used in airframe frame, wing stringers,
The stress members such as rib, wherein 2024 aluminium alloy extruded angle section products largely rely on import, the country only has several families
Company can produce, but still suffer from more problem, major embodiment at present：(1) 2024 intensity of aluminum alloy is higher, crimp drag
It is larger, it is difficult to extrusion forming, poor product, and dimensional tolerance is difficult to ensure that；(2) profile extrusion efficiency is too low；(3) after vertical quenching
Section bar deforms and resilience is larger, causes shaping more difficult, yield rate is relatively low 35% or so.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology, with
Solve the problems, such as the product forms yield rate and low production efficiency.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
High-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology of one kind provided by the invention, specific following steps：
(1) structuring processing is carried out to mould, i.e., adds flow-guiding structure in the extruding groove of mould；
(2) Homogenization Treatments are carried out to casting rod, i.e. homogenization temperature is 480~500 DEG C, and the time is 20~30h；
(3) hot extrusion is carried out to casting rod, the casting rod after will homogenizing is before extrusion to casting rod, mould and extrusion cylinder
400~420 DEG C, 440~460 DEG C and 440~460 DEG C are preheated to respectively, and profile extrusion muzzle velocity is lifted in extruding
To 0.8m/min-1.0m/min；
(4) stretch processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after hot extrusion is sandwiched into stretching device and implement to stretch, stretching is stretched
Long amount is 1%-1.5%；
(5) Quench heating processing is carried out to section bar, the section bar after will stretching is sent into vertical quenching unit and implements to quench
Heating, hardening heat are 450~470 DEG C, and quenching mode is water spray quenching；
(6) tension straingtening processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after Quench heating is sandwiched into stretching-straightening device and implemented
Stretching, aligning, within stretching time is 2h after quenching, tensile elongation amount is 0.3%-0.5%, and controls section bar buckling degree
Within 1mm/m, plane clearance is below 0.3mm；
(7) natural aging treatment is carried out to section bar, i.e., by the cooled to room temperature in atmosphere of the section bar after tension straingtening,
Aging time is more than 96h.
Further, the flow-guiding structure is to be cheated in the two ends for extruding groove equipped with water conservancy diversion, and water conservancy diversion hole depth is extruding groove depth
1.1~1.3 times of degree, and the junction between water conservancy diversion hole and extruding groove is arc transition.
Further, in step 5), section bar implements scattered lifting during to Quench heating.
Further, in step 6), after the completion of aligning, the clamping part at cut-out section bar both ends, retains center section.
Further, before step 7), artificial aging processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after tension straingtening is loaded into band
Having in the aging furnace of circulating air device and implement the artificial aging of two-stage, the temperature of first stage is 280~320 DEG C, when
Between be 15~20h, the temperature of second stage is 145~170 DEG C, and the time is 6~10h.
Further, during shove charge, it is ensured that have the gap more than 1mm between section bar, make its heat treatment uniform.
The method have the benefit that：
1st, by increasing mould flow-guiding structure compared with existing flat-die, it is anti-that reduction work band size effectively reduces extruding
Power, improve profile size precision.
2nd, compared with existing extrusion process, by optimizing extrusion process parameters, each influence factor Proper Match is made, most at last
Angle section extruding efficiency brings up to 0.8m/min-1.0m/min by 0.3m/min-0.5m/min, so as to extrude production efficiency raising
Nearly 1 times.
3rd, compared with existing heat treatment process, section bar adds one of drawing process, final section bar before being heat-treated
Buckling degree is reduced within 1mm/m by 2-3mm/m, and plane clearance is reduced to below 0.3mm, finished product by 0.3mm-0.5mm
Rate is up to more than 55%, so as to solve the problems, such as that angle section heat treatment deformation is larger so that yield rate improves at least 20%.
4th, for the present invention after Quench heating processing, section bar deformation is smaller, and yield rate is greatly improved, while also reduces follow-up rectify
The difficulty of straight shaping.
Other advantages, target and the feature of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and
And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.The target and other advantages of the present invention can by following specification realizing and
Obtain.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with attached drawing into
The detailed description of one step, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the technological process of production schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of the mould structure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the stereograms of Fig. 2 in one direction；
Fig. 4 is the section bar grain structure comparison diagram of the present invention and the prior art, and wherein a is the prior art, and b is the present invention.
Reference numeral：1 is mould, and 2 cheat for extruding groove, 3 for water conservancy diversion, and 4 be arc transition, and 5 be forming cavity.
Embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail；It should be appreciated that preferred embodiment
Only for the explanation present invention, the protection domain being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in the technological process of production of Fig. 1, high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section of one kind production provided by the invention
Technique, specific following steps：
(1) structuring processing is carried out to mould, i.e., adds flow-guiding structure in the extruding groove of mould；
(2) Homogenization Treatments are carried out to casting rod, i.e. homogenization temperature is 485 DEG C, time 22h；
(3) hot extrusion is carried out to casting rod, the casting rod after will homogenizing is before extrusion to casting rod, mould and extrusion cylinder
410 DEG C, 450 DEG C and 445 DEG C are preheated to respectively, and 0.8m/min can be promoted to profile extrusion muzzle velocity in extruding；
(4) stretch processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after hot extrusion is sandwiched into stretching device and implement to stretch, stretching is stretched
Long amount is 1%；
(5) Quench heating processing is carried out to section bar, the section bar after will stretching is sent into vertical quenching unit and implements to quench
Heating, hardening heat are 460 DEG C, and quenching mode is water spray quenching；
(6) tension straingtening processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after Quench heating is sandwiched into stretching-straightening device and implemented
Stretching, aligning, within stretching time is 2h after quenching, tensile elongation amount is 0.3%, and it is 1mm/ to control section bar buckling degree
Within m, plane clearance is below 0.3mm；
(7) natural aging treatment is carried out to section bar, i.e., by the cooled to room temperature in atmosphere of the section bar after tension straingtening,
Aging time is 100h.
It is of the invention to be compared with existing extrusion process by using such scheme, by optimizing extrusion process parameters, make each shadow
The factor of sound Proper Match, most angle section extruding efficiency brings up to 0.8m/min by 0.3m/min-0.5m/min at last, so as to extrude
Production efficiency raising is nearly more than 1 times；Meanwhile it is of the invention compared with existing heat treatment process, section bar adds before being heat-treated
One of drawing process, final section bar buckling degree are reduced within 1mm/m by 2-3mm/m, and plane clearance is by 0.3mm-0.5mm
Below 0.3mm is reduced to, yield rate is up to more than 55%, so as to solve the problems, such as that angle section heat treatment deformation is larger so that finished product
Rate improves at least 20%；In addition, the present invention, after Quench heating processing, section bar deformation is smaller, and yield rate is greatly improved, at the same time also
Reduce the difficulty of follow-up aligning shaping.And grain contrast's figure of Fig. 4 is combined as can be seen that section bar grain structure prepared by the present invention
The more refinement prepared compared to traditional handicraft, i.e., original thick crystal grain are effectively divided into multiple less crystal grain, so that
Have the function that to refine section bar crystal grain.
As Figure 2-3, in the present embodiment, the mould 1 is cylindrical structural, and the center portion thereof position is provided with squeezing for indent
Indent 2, the extruding groove 2 is interior to be equipped with perforative forming cavity 5, and the flow-guiding structure is equipped with for the two ends of the extruding groove 2 in mould 1
Water conservancy diversion hole 3, for promoting casting rod to flow, water conservancy diversion hole 3 is in bell-mouth structure of air, its depth is 1.1~1.3 times of extruding 2 depth of groove,
This example is preferably 1.15 times, and the junction between water conservancy diversion hole 3 and extruding groove 2 is arc transition 4.It is in this way, of the invention and existing
There is flat-die to compare by increasing mould flow-guiding structure, so as to be conducive to reduce section bar work band size, and effectively reduce extruding
Drag, improve profile size precision.
In the present embodiment, in section bar after first of stretch processing, when carrying out the vertical Quench heating of next step to it,
Section bar implements scattered lifting, is bundled without stress.In this way, beneficial to the degree of difficulty of reduction posterior drawing aligning, and improve finished product
Rate.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment difference from Example 1 is：In step 2), Homogenization Treatments temperature is 495 DEG C, and the time is
28h；In step 3), 415 DEG C, 455 DEG C and 450 DEG C are preheated to respectively to casting rod, mould and extrusion cylinder before extrusion, and squeezing
0.9m/min can be promoted to profile extrusion muzzle velocity in pressure；In step 4), tensile elongation amount is 1.2%；In step 5)
In, hardening heat is 465 DEG C；In step 6), tensile elongation amount is 0.4%；And immediately shaping, and completed in aligning
Afterwards, the clamping part at section bar both ends is cut off, retains center section.By using such scheme, angle section can be extruded and imitated by the present invention
Rate brings up to 0.9m/min, and degree of grain refinement is higher.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment part unlike the embodiments above is：In step 2), Homogenization Treatments temperature is 490 DEG C, when
Between be 25h；In step 3), 420 DEG C, 460 DEG C and 460 DEG C are preheated to respectively to casting rod, mould and extrusion cylinder before extrusion, and
1.0m/min can be promoted to profile extrusion muzzle velocity in extruding；In step 4), tensile elongation amount is 1.5%；In step
It is rapid 5) in, hardening heat be 470 DEG C；In step 6), tensile elongation amount is 0.5%；And immediately shaping, and aligning
Cheng Hou, the clamping part at cut-out section bar both ends, retains center section；Before step 7), artificial aging processing is also carried out to section bar,
The section bar after tension straingtening is fitted into the aging furnace with circulating air device and implements the artificial aging of two-stage, first
The temperature in stage is 280~320 DEG C, and the time is 15~20h, and the temperature of second stage is 145~170 DEG C, and the time is 6~10h.
During shove charge, it is ensured that have the gap more than 1mm between section bar, make its heat treatment uniform.By using such scheme, the present invention can incite somebody to action
Angle section extruding efficiency brings up to 1.0m/min, and crystal grain more refines.
Present invention is generally directed to high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section extrusion process technologies to be studied, excellent by mould
Change design, extruding, stretching and heat treatment process exploitation etc. to be combined, it is final to realize that improving the product forms yield rate and production imitates
Rate, alternative foreign countries' imported product.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
The present invention is described in detail in good embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme technical scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the objective and scope of the technical program, it should all cover in the present invention
Right among.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) structuring processing is carried out to mould, i.e., adds flow-guiding structure in the extruding groove of mould；The flow-guiding structure is to squeeze
The two ends of indent are cheated equipped with water conservancy diversion, and water conservancy diversion hole depth is extruding 1.1~1.3 times of groove depth, and water conservancy diversion hole and extruding groove it
Between junction be arc transition；
(2) Homogenization Treatments are carried out to casting rod, i.e. homogenization temperature is 480~500 DEG C, and the time is 20~30h；
(3) hot extrusion is carried out to casting rod, the casting rod after will homogenizing before extrusion distinguishes casting rod, mould and extrusion cylinder
400~420 DEG C, 440~460 DEG C and 440~460 DEG C are preheated to, and profile extrusion muzzle velocity is promoted in extruding
0.8m/min-1.0m/min；
(4) stretch processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after hot extrusion is sandwiched into stretching device and implement to stretch, tensile elongation amount
For 1%-1.5%；
(5) Quench heating processing being carried out to section bar, the section bar after will stretching is sent into vertical quenching unit and implements Quench heating,
Hardening heat is 450~470 DEG C, and quenching mode be water spray quenching, and section bar is implemented to disperse to lift during to Quench heating；
(6) to section bar carry out tension straingtening processing, i.e., by the section bar after Quench heating sandwich stretching-straightening device and implement stretching,
Aligning, stretching time control the section bar buckling degree to be within 2h, tensile elongation amount is 0.3%-0.5% after quenching
Within 1mm/m, plane clearance is below 0.3mm；
(7) natural aging treatment is carried out to section bar, i.e., by the cooled to room temperature in atmosphere of the section bar after tension straingtening, timeliness
Time is more than 96h.
2. high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(6) in, after the completion of aligning, the clamping part at cut-out section bar both ends, retains center section.
3. high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(7) before, artificial aging processing is carried out to section bar, i.e., the section bar after tension straingtening is loaded into the timeliness with circulating air device
In stove and implement the artificial aging of two-stage, the temperature of first stage is 280~320 DEG C, and the time is 15~20h, second stage
Temperature be 145~170 DEG C, the time is 6~10h.
4. high-strength 2024 aluminium alloy thin-walled angle section production technology according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：During shove charge,
Ensure the gap for having more than 1mm between section bar, make its heat treatment uniform.
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| CN107008763A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-04 | 新疆源盛科技发展有限公司 | A kind of extrusion process of aluminium alloy extrusions |
| CN107236914B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-02-15 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | One kind 2,7 is light section profile shaping preparation process |
| CN107052069A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy helicoid extrusion process |
| CN107377648A (en) * | 2017-09-02 | 2017-11-24 | 湖南金牛铝业有限公司 | A kind of extrusion process of aluminium alloy extrusions |
| CN107649530B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2024-07-05 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Production method and production equipment of ultra-high precision guide rail profile for spaceflight |
| CN108188194A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-22 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | A kind of 2024 high strength alumin ium alloy spy's thin-wall section production technologies |
| CN108441793B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-01-15 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method for forced setting of aluminum alloy and aviation aluminum alloy section |
| CN109136506B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-08-21 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Processing method for inhibiting coarse grain ring of aluminum alloy section and aluminum alloy section |
| CN112916639B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2023-02-21 | 广西南南铝加工有限公司 | Preparation method of ultra-flat aluminum alloy section bar with rib plate |
| CN113293273B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2023-03-31 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Processing method of 2xxx series aluminum alloy bar and wire for fastener |
| CN113118244B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2023-03-21 | 山东国泰铝业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy variable-section profile straightening method for aerospace and bridge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5342459A (en) * | 1993-03-18 | 1994-08-30 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum alloy extruded and cold worked products having fine grain structure and their manufacture |
| CN103194701B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-08-26 | 东莞市铝美铝型材有限公司 | A kind of production technique of aluminium alloy extrusions |
| CN103589924B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-08-05 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | A kind of technique of producing aerospace component rods and bars of aluminium alloy |
| CN104384231A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-04 | 常州大学 | Hot extrusion technique for thin-gauge large-diameter aluminium-alloy pipe |
| CN104451482A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Method for producing automobile aluminum alloy bending component |
| CN105149372B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-06-16 | 核兴航材（天津）科技有限公司 | A kind of asymmetric seamless hollow profile manufacturing process |
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