CN109465368A - A billet forming method for aluminum alloy forgings with large cross-section ratio and complex shape sudden change - Google Patents
A billet forming method for aluminum alloy forgings with large cross-section ratio and complex shape sudden change Download PDFInfo
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- CN109465368A CN109465368A CN201811354274.5A CN201811354274A CN109465368A CN 109465368 A CN109465368 A CN 109465368A CN 201811354274 A CN201811354274 A CN 201811354274A CN 109465368 A CN109465368 A CN 109465368A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009721 upset forging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
本发明是一种大截面比复杂形状突变轴类铝合金锻件制坯成形方法，所述成型方法包括如下步骤：（1）确定制坯件原始棒料的毛坯尺寸（2）制坯件第2段部分的成形；（3）制坯件第1段部分的成形；（4）制坯件第4段部分的成形；（5）制坯件第5段部分的成形。本发明提出一种大截面比复杂形状突变轴类铝合金锻件制坯成形方法，从根本上改变了传统顶锻采用的开式聚集粗大截面的方式，通过全模腔内闭式成形，解决了复杂形状粗大截面的单次聚集成形，并且实现了对杆部形状的成形控制，进一步优化了坯料形状，提高效率的同时显著提高总体锻件质量并降低了生产成本。
The present invention is a method for forming a blank of an aluminum alloy forging with a large cross-section ratio and a complex shape sudden change. (3) Forming of the first section of the blank; (4) Forming of the fourth section of the blank; (5) Forming of the fifth section of the blank. The invention proposes a billet forming method for shaft-type aluminum alloy forgings with large cross-section ratio and complex shape sudden change, which fundamentally changes the method of open-type gathering of large cross-sections used in traditional upset forging. The single-shot gathering forming of the complex shape and coarse section, and realizes the forming control of the rod shape, further optimizes the billet shape, improves the efficiency, and significantly improves the overall forging quality and reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal forging preform technical fields, particularly relate to a kind of large section ratio complex section shape
The base manufacturing process of the forged shaft of shape mutation, is particularly suitable for that big section appears in axis class intermediate region and section is
The case where complicated shape.
Background technique
There is tradition the long-axis forging base of coarse abrupt-change cross section often upset to be used to shape, no matter however, coarse section
Face is underconstrained state to be often in forming process in end or in central area, thus shaped cross-section is mostly with simple
And it is approximate circle based on, this shape often with finish-forging part and mismatch, easily cause subsequent forging defect;Secondly, conventional
Top forging process blank bar portion be not involved in and deform and during heating in empty burning state, it is insufficient to easily cause bar portion deformation
And crystal grain the problem of growing up;In addition, the aggregation of aluminum alloy materials is smaller, in large section ratio, blank is in accumulation process
In be easy to produce unstability, fold, lead to scrap of the product, thus bar blank size often passively increases, and leads to the waste of material.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems, such as that of the existing technology and defect, the present invention propose a kind of large section ratio complicated shape mutation axis
Class aluminum alloy forge piece base manufacturing process fundamentally changes the open type that traditional upset uses and assembles thick heavy in section mode,
It by Closed Forming in full die cavity, solves complicated shape slightly heavy in section single aggregation forming, and realizes to bar portion shape
The forming of shape controls, and has advanced optimized blank shape, overall forging quality is significantly improved while improving efficiency and is reduced
Production cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention is a kind of large section ratio complicated shape mutation axis class aluminum alloy forge piece base manufacturing process, the forming method packet
Include following steps:
(1) it determines the blank dimension of the original bar of steps of manufacturing blanks: conversing the diameter of bar according to steps of manufacturing blanks section least part, then
According to the steps of manufacturing blanks principle equal with bar volume, bar length is calculated；
(2) forming of the 2nd section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: according to the 2nd segment body of steps of manufacturing blanks product and its arc transition part with adjacent segment
Total volume, calculate original bar deformation length and deformation section position, to blank deformation part mould type chamber carry out
Sufficient lubrication carries out local heating to the bar deformation section part using induction coil heating method, real-time using infrared probe
Obtain bar heating face temperature, the non-deformed end of bar is put into the retained part of cavity plate, on horizontal forging and upsetting machine to after warm by workpiece
Radial Closed Extrusion is carried out to bar, under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the 2nd section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks by upsetting squeeze combined shaping
Forming；
(3) forming of steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 part: sufficient lubrication is carried out to blank deformation part mould type chamber, using induction coil
Heating method carries out local heating to the remaining undeformed bar part in the 2nd section of left side of steps of manufacturing blanks, is obtained in real time using infrared probe
Bar heating face temperature, workpiece to temperature after, the non-deformed end of bar is put into the retained part of cavity plate, to material on horizontal forging and upsetting machine
Material carries out radial Closed Extrusion, and under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the forming of steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 part by upsetting formation；
(4) forming of the 4th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: according to the 4th section of steps of manufacturing blanks and its totality with the arc transition part of adjacent segment
Product determines the deformation length and deformation section position of remainder bar, carries out sufficient lubrication to blank deformation part mould type chamber,
Local heating is carried out to the deformation section region using induction coil heating method, obtains bar heating table in real time using infrared probe
The deformed end of bar after workpiece to temperature, is put into the retained part of cavity plate, carried out on horizontal forging and upsetting machine to material radial by face temperature
Closed Extrusion, under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the forming of the 4th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks by upsetting squeeze combined shaping；
(5) forming of the 5th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: sufficient lubrication is carried out to blank deformation part mould type chamber, using induction coil
Heating method carries out local heating to the remaining undeformed bar part in the 4th section of right side of steps of manufacturing blanks, is obtained in real time using infrared probe
Bar heating face temperature, workpiece to temperature after, the deformed end of bar is put into the retained part of cavity plate, to material on horizontal forging and upsetting machine
Material carries out radial Closed Extrusion, and under the effect of punch-pin power, bar is finally completed the forming of the 5th section of part by upsetting formation.
The blank of manufacturing process according to claim 1 preparation, the blank by blank cross sectional shape from a left side to
The right side is divided into 5 sections, is successively paragraph 1, the 2nd section, the 3rd section, the 4th section and the 5th section, and wherein paragraph 1 is oval section, and left side is opposite
There is 3 ° -5 ° of drafting angle in center die joint；2nd section is oval section；3rd section is cylindrical section；4th section is oval section；5th
Section is oval section, and right side has 3 ° -5 ° of drafting angle relative to center die joint, and the section between adjacent each section is equal
Using arc transition, blank outer surface is everywhere without wedge angle, and the larger cross-section of blank is located at the 2nd section and the 4th section, and smallest cross-sectional is located at
3rd section, maximum cross-section, smallest cross-sectional ratio are greater than 4.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention avoids single by reasonable multi-pass substep partial plastic forming scheme
Than excessive, unstability, the limitation of folding occur for material for aggregation, while using radial enclosed upsetting squeeze compound forming technique, effectively solving
The forming problem of large section ratio complicated shape section upset and special-shaped bar portion has been greatly facilitated the forming of this forging base
The development of technology；The induction heating scheme of use has the advantages such as high, the fast, clean and environmental protection of speed of heating efficiency, on the one hand guarantees
The preferential plastic deformation of coarse section local material during upsetting squeeze is full of type chamber convenient for it, and makes the other of bar
Position repeatedly empty due to no deformation will not be burnt, and the crystal grain for avoiding steps of manufacturing blanks bar portion is grown up problem, be effectively improved its structural state；
In forming process, it is intracavitary that deformation blank be in closed molds type, and product shapes surface and size completely by the constraint of type chamber and control,
Ensure that its dimensional accuracy and surface quality, steps of manufacturing blanks surface can realize the forming of no wedge angle and pattern draft face, be conducive to
The matching of subsequent forging die cavity simultaneously reduces forging defect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is steps of manufacturing blanks structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is 2nd section of forming schematic diagram of steps of manufacturing blanks of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 forming schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is 4th section of forming schematic diagram of steps of manufacturing blanks of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that steps of manufacturing blanks of the present invention finally shapes schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is B-B sectional view in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is C-C sectional view in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is A-A sectional view in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is D-D sectional view in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is done below in conjunction with drawings and examples and is further retouched in detail
It states, the embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, does not constitute and limits to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figs 1-9, the present invention is a kind of large section ratio complicated shape mutation axis class aluminum alloy forge piece base forming side
Method, using 7055 aluminium alloys as moulding material, it is successively the 1st that the blank, which is from left to right divided into 5 sections by the cross sectional shape of blank,
Section, the 2nd section, the 3rd section, the 4th section and the 5th section, wherein paragraph 1 is oval section, and left side has 3 ° relative to center die joint
Drafting angle；2nd section is oval section；3rd section is cylindrical section；4th section is oval section；5th section is oval section, right side phase
There is 3 ° of drafting angle for center die joint, the section between adjacent each section is all made of arc transition, blank outer surface
Everywhere without wedge angle, the larger cross-section of blank is located at the 2nd section and the 4th section, and smallest cross-sectional is located at the 3rd section, maximum cross-section, smallest cross-sectional
Than being greater than 4；The forming method includes the following steps:
(1) it determines the blank dimension of the original bar of steps of manufacturing blanks: conversing bar according to steps of manufacturing blanks section least part i.e. the 3rd section
Diameter calculates bar length according still further to the steps of manufacturing blanks principle equal with bar volume, finally presses 12 × 172.5 specification system of φ
Standby 7055 aluminium alloy bars；
(2) forming of the 2nd section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: according to the 2nd segment body of steps of manufacturing blanks product and its 7 transition part of circular arc R with adjacent segment
The total volume divided, calculates the deformation length and deformation section position of original bar, and designs and obtain original bar through the 2nd section
Geometric shape after forming as shown in Fig. 2, according to the mold for manufacturing and designing this passage above, using molybdenum disulfide to paragraph 1 with
The mold cavity of 2nd section of part carries out sufficient lubrication, using induction coil heating method to the bar deformation section part carry out office
Portion's heating, bar heating face temperature is obtained using infrared probe, after workpiece is heated to 430-450 DEG C, by bar in real time
Non-deformed end is put into the retained part of cavity plate, and on the horizontal forging and upsetting machine of 3150KN, device drives cavity plate clamps bar, and work punch-pin pair
Bar carries out radial Closed Extrusion, and under the effect of punch-pin power, the heating part of bar passes through upsetting squeeze compound action, is finally completed system
The forming of the 2nd section of part of blank；
(3) forming of steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 part: on the basis of attached drawing 2, the blank design of paragraph 1 part is completed, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, according to this passage mold is manufactured and designed above, sufficient lubrication carried out using mold cavity of the molybdenum disulfide to paragraph 1 part,
Local heating is carried out to the remaining undeformed bar part in the 2nd section of left side of steps of manufacturing blanks using induction coil heating method, use is infrared
Probe obtains bar heating face temperature in real time, and after workpiece is heated to 430-450 DEG C, the non-deformed end of bar is put into cavity plate
Retained part, on the horizontal forging and upsetting machine of 3150KN, device drives cavity plate clamps bar, and work punch-pin carries out radial enclosed to bar
It squeezes, under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the forming of steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 part by upsetting formation；
(4) forming of the 4th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: according to the 4th section of steps of manufacturing blanks and its total with 5 transition portion of circular arc R of adjacent segment
Volume determines that the deformation length of remainder bar and deformation section position, design obtain blank shape after forging as shown in Figure 4,
According to this passage mold is manufactured and designed above, sufficiently moistened using mold cavity of the molybdenum disulfide to the 4th section and the 5th section of part
It is sliding, local heating is carried out to the deformation section region using induction coil heating method, bar is obtained in real time using infrared probe and adds
The deformed end of bar after workpiece is heated to 430-450 DEG C, is put into the retained part side of cavity plate by hot-surface temperature,
On the horizontal forging and upsetting machine of 3150KN, device drives cavity plate clamps bar, and work punch-pin carries out radial Closed Extrusion to bar, in punch-pin power
Under effect, bar completes the forming of the 4th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks by upsetting squeeze combined shaping；
(5) forming of the 5th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: on the basis of Fig. 4, the blank design of the 5th section of part is completed, as shown in figure 5, root
Manufacture and design this passage mold on accordingly, sufficient lubrication is carried out using mold cavity of the molybdenum disulfide to the 5th section of part, using sense
Coil heats mode is answered to carry out local heating to the remaining undeformed bar part in the 4th section of right side of steps of manufacturing blanks, using infrared probe reality
When obtain bar heating face temperature, after workpiece is heated to 430-450 DEG C, the deformed end of bar is put into the clamping of cavity plate
Part side, on the horizontal forging and upsetting machine of 3150KN, device drives cavity plate clamps bar, and work punch-pin carries out radial closed extrusion to bar
Pressure, under the effect of punch-pin power, bar is finally completed the forming of the 5th section of part by upsetting formation.
The present invention overcomes existing forged shaft to be difficult to obtain complexity by way of reasonable Plastic Forming in forging process
Sectional combined curve feature and the technical problem with large section ratio steps of manufacturing blanks propose a kind of large section ratio complicated shape mutation axis class
Aluminum alloy forge piece base manufacturing process, by the way of blank local induction heating, on the horizontal forging and upsetting machine of horizontal parting, by more
The method of the local enclosed upsetting squeeze combined shaping of passage substep is realized to being circle with intermediate cross-section, and two end sections are ellipse
The precision plastic forming of shape and the axis class steps of manufacturing blanks with large section ratio arc transition, the method increase the sizes of steps of manufacturing blanks
Precision and the accuracy of form and position improve the surface quality of drip molding, reduce the cleaning workload of subsequent handling, significantly improve forging
The structure property and stock utilization of part, expand Technological adaptability, reduce production cost.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of large section ratio complicated shape is mutated axis class aluminum alloy forge piece base manufacturing process, it is characterised in that: the molding
Method includes the following steps:
(1) it determines the blank dimension of the original bar of steps of manufacturing blanks: conversing the diameter of bar according to steps of manufacturing blanks section least part, then
According to the steps of manufacturing blanks principle equal with bar volume, bar length is calculated；
(2) forming of the 2nd section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: according to the 2nd segment body of steps of manufacturing blanks product and its arc transition part with adjacent segment
Total volume, calculate original bar deformation length and deformation section position, to blank deformation part mould type chamber carry out
Sufficient lubrication carries out local heating to the bar deformation section part using induction coil heating method, real-time using infrared probe
Obtain bar heating face temperature, the non-deformed end of bar is put into the retained part of cavity plate, on horizontal forging and upsetting machine to after warm by workpiece
Radial Closed Extrusion is carried out to bar, under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the 2nd section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks by upsetting squeeze combined shaping
Forming；
(3) forming of steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 part: sufficient lubrication is carried out to blank deformation part mould type chamber, using induction coil
Heating method carries out local heating to the remaining undeformed bar part in the 2nd section of left side of steps of manufacturing blanks, is obtained in real time using infrared probe
Bar heating face temperature, workpiece to temperature after, the non-deformed end of bar is put into the retained part of cavity plate, to material on horizontal forging and upsetting machine
Material carries out radial Closed Extrusion, and under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the forming of steps of manufacturing blanks paragraph 1 part by upsetting formation；
(4) forming of the 4th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: according to the 4th section of steps of manufacturing blanks and its totality with the arc transition part of adjacent segment
Product determines the deformation length and deformation section position of remainder bar, carries out sufficient lubrication to blank deformation part mould type chamber,
Local heating is carried out to the deformation section region using induction coil heating method, obtains bar heating table in real time using infrared probe
The deformed end of bar after workpiece to temperature, is put into the retained part of cavity plate, carried out on horizontal forging and upsetting machine to material radial by face temperature
Closed Extrusion, under the effect of punch-pin power, bar completes the forming of the 4th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks by upsetting squeeze combined shaping；
(5) forming of the 5th section of part of steps of manufacturing blanks: sufficient lubrication is carried out to blank deformation part mould type chamber, using induction coil
Heating method carries out local heating to the remaining undeformed bar part in the 4th section of right side of steps of manufacturing blanks, is obtained in real time using infrared probe
Bar heating face temperature, workpiece to temperature after, the deformed end of bar is put into the retained part of cavity plate, to material on horizontal forging and upsetting machine
Material carries out radial Closed Extrusion, and under the effect of punch-pin power, bar is finally completed the forming of the 5th section of part by upsetting formation.
2. the blank of manufacturing process preparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the blank presses the section shape of blank
Shape is from left to right divided into 5 sections, is successively paragraph 1, the 2nd section, the 3rd section, the 4th section and the 5th section, wherein paragraph 1 is oval section, left
End face has 3 ° -5 ° of drafting angle relative to center die joint；2nd section is oval section；3rd section is cylindrical section；4th section is ellipse
Circle section；5th section is oval section, and right side has 3 ° -5 ° of drafting angle relative to center die joint, between adjacent each section
Section be all made of arc transition, everywhere without wedge angle, the larger cross-section of blank is located at the 2nd section and the 4th section, minimum for blank outer surface
Section is located at the 3rd section, and maximum cross-section, smallest cross-sectional ratio are greater than 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811354274.5A CN109465368B (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2018-11-14 | Blank-making forming method for large-section-ratio complex-shape mutation shaft aluminum alloy forging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811354274.5A CN109465368B (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2018-11-14 | Blank-making forming method for large-section-ratio complex-shape mutation shaft aluminum alloy forging |
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| CN109465368A true CN109465368A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
| CN109465368B CN109465368B (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111112529A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-05-08 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Method and device for forming step shaft die forging with flange plate in middle |
| CN111842771A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Method for manufacturing hollow shafts |
| CN112355230A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-12 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | High-temperature alloy bar blank heating device and heating method for shaft forgings |
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| CN113976841A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-01-28 | 河北钢研德凯科技有限公司北京分公司 | Protective agent for magnesium alloy melt pouring, magnesium alloy casting and preparation method thereof |
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