CN106512731A - 一种管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:㈠以高分子超滤膜为基膜,制得湿膜;㈡将上述湿膜浸入油相槽中进行聚合反应;㈢将上述湿膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥;㈣将干燥后的湿膜送入超声波清洗机中进行清洗;㈤将清洗后的高分子超滤膜浸入PVA水溶液中;㈥将浸过PVA水溶液的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行二次清洗;㈦将二次清洗后的高分子超滤膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,制得反渗透膜。本发明的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法通过间苯二胺和乙醇胺的混合水溶液对高分子超滤膜进行浸泡,使得反渗透膜的水通量得到大大提高,且本发明的渗透膜的脱盐率高于现有反渗透膜,制备工艺简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,属于过滤设备技术领域。
背景技术
水是生命之源,水占据了人体组成部分的70%,因此,饮用水的质量直接决定着人体的健康。随着现代工业的发展,环境尤其是水体都受到了不同程度上的污染,一般的自来水无法直接饮用,为此,目前人们大多饮用桶装水。
虽然饮用桶装水比直接饮用自来水要健康,然而,桶装水价格比自来水价格贵,成本增加,并且由于桶装水是死水,当置放时间过长,水容易受二次污染,人们饮用了这些受污染的水以后,会造成身体不适,影响身体健康;目前市面上也出现有各种各样的净水器,然而,该种种的净水器其结构非常地复杂、价格昂贵,并且对自来水的过滤效果并不是很理想。综上,目前人们面临着喝干净卫生饮用水困难的问题。
目前,越来越多的地方开始采用反渗透技术获得干净的水源,反渗透技术是采用膜法分离的水处理技术,是自然界中渗透现象的逆过程( 对含盐的水以外界推动力克服渗透压而使水分子通过膜的逆向渗透过程)。反渗透水处理工艺基本上属于物理脱盐方法,它在诸多方面具有传统的水处理方法所没有的优点。通常,反渗透装置( 反渗透纯水系统)是以反渗透膜为核心,包括加压泵、储水桶和逆渗透膜装置在内的前后各级过滤装置,原水经过各个过滤系统处理后供用户使用。目前的反渗透纯水装置,大多存在过滤净化不够彻底的问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,针对现有技术不足,提出一种净化效果好的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法。
本发明为解决上述技术问题提出的技术方案是:一种管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
㈠以高分子超滤膜为基膜,将高分子超滤膜浸入间苯二胺的水溶液中20-35分钟制得湿膜,其中间苯二胺的浓度为1.7-2.1g/L;
㈡将上述湿膜浸入含有一定量添加剂的均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液的油相槽中15-25分钟进行聚合反应;
其中添加剂的各组分的质量百分比为:磷酸三丁脂:3.35-3.67%、三苯基膦:1.12-1.37%、异丙醇铝:0.87-1.45%、丙酮:1.57-1.86%、乙酰丙酮:1.43-1.87%、乙酰丙酮铝:2.34-3.11%、乙酰丙酮铬:2.68-2.87%,余量为乙酰丙酮铁;
㈢将上述进行聚合反应后的湿膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,设置温度为45-50摄氏度,时间为1.5-3小时;
㈣将干燥后的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行清洗;
㈤将清洗后的高分子超滤膜浸入浓度为7-9%的PVA水溶液中25-35分钟,高分子超滤膜表面形成保护层;
㈥将浸过PVA水溶液的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行二次清洗;
㈦将二次清洗后的高分子超滤膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,设置温度为45-55摄氏度,时间为1.5-3小时,制得反渗透膜。
上述技术方案的改进是:离心反渗透膜组中的反渗透膜的制备方法的步骤㈠中的高分子超滤膜的各成分的质量分数为:聚醚砜:0.87-1.45%、聚丙烯腈:0.44-0.65%、聚丙烯:0.27-0.35%、聚呋喃醇:0.14-0.45%、聚偏氟乙烯:1.27-1.46%、醋酸纤维素:1.34-1.55%、二醋酸纤维素:0.67-0.95%、三醋酸纤维素:0.55-0.72%、丙酸纤维素:1.77-2.13%、丁酸纤维素:0.43-0.63%、醋酸丙酸纤维素:0.87-1.35%、二丁酸纤维素:0.72-0.86%、三丁酸纤维素:1.37-1.52%、醋聚丙烯腈:0.31-0.44%、聚胺酯:0.47-0.68%、聚氯乙烯:0.16-0.31%、磺化聚醚砜:1.41-1.65%、磺化聚砜:0.89-1.43%、聚己内酰胺:0.62-1.15%,余量为聚乙烯。
上述技术方案的改进是:离心反渗透膜组中的反渗透膜的制备方法的步骤㈡中添加剂的各组分的质量百分比为:磷酸三丁脂:3.57%、三苯基膦:1.22%、异丙醇铝:0.95%、丙酮:1.76%、乙酰丙酮:1.66%、乙酰丙酮铝:2.85%、乙酰丙酮铬:2.74%,余量为乙酰丙酮铁。
本发明采用上述技术方案的有益效果是:
(1)本发明的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法通过间苯二胺和乙醇胺的混合水溶液对高分子超滤膜进行浸泡,使得反渗透膜的水通量得到大大提高,且本发明的渗透膜的脱盐率高于现有反渗透膜,制备工艺简单;
(2)本发明的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,通过两次超声波清洗,去除了制备过程中的杂质,提高了最终制得的反渗透膜的质量;
(3)本发明的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法将清洗后的高分子超滤膜浸入浓度为17-19%的PVA水溶液中,制得的反渗透膜的表面覆盖有保护层,延长了反渗透膜的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
实施例
本实施例的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
㈠以高分子超滤膜为基膜,将高分子超滤膜浸入间苯二胺的水溶液中20-35分钟制得湿膜,其中间苯二胺的浓度为1.7-2.1g/L;
其中高分子超滤膜的各成分的质量分数为:聚醚砜:0.87-1.45%、聚丙烯腈:0.44-0.65%、聚丙烯:0.27-0.35%、聚呋喃醇:0.14-0.45%、聚偏氟乙烯:1.27-1.46%、醋酸纤维素:1.34-1.55%、二醋酸纤维素:0.67-0.95%、三醋酸纤维素:0.55-0.72%、丙酸纤维素:1.77-2.13%、丁酸纤维素:0.43-0.63%、醋酸丙酸纤维素:0.87-1.35%、二丁酸纤维素:0.72-0.86%、三丁酸纤维素:1.37-1.52%、醋聚丙烯腈:0.31-0.44%、聚胺酯:0.47-0.68%、聚氯乙烯:0.16-0.31%、磺化聚醚砜:1.41-1.65%、磺化聚砜:0.89-1.43%、聚己内酰胺:0.62-1.15%,余量为聚乙烯;
㈡将上述湿膜浸入含有一定量添加剂的均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液的油相槽中15-25分钟进行聚合反应;
其中添加剂的各组分的质量百分比为:磷酸三丁脂:3.57%、三苯基膦:1.22%、异丙醇铝:0.95%、丙酮:1.76%、乙酰丙酮:1.66%、乙酰丙酮铝:2.85%、乙酰丙酮铬:2.74%,余量为乙酰丙酮铁;
㈢将上述进行聚合反应后的湿膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,设置温度为45-50摄氏度,时间为1.5-3小时;
㈣将干燥后的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行清洗;
㈤将清洗后的高分子超滤膜浸入浓度为7-9%的PVA水溶液中25-35分钟,高分子超滤膜表面形成保护层;
㈥将浸过PVA水溶液的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行二次清洗;
㈦将二次清洗后的高分子超滤膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,设置温度为45-55摄氏度,时间为1.5-3小时,制得反渗透膜。
本发明不局限于上述实施例。凡采用等同替换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
㈠以高分子超滤膜为基膜,将高分子超滤膜浸入间苯二胺的水溶液中20-35分钟制得湿膜,其中间苯二胺的浓度为1.7-2.1g/L;
㈡将上述湿膜浸入含有一定量添加剂的均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液的油相槽中15-25分钟进行聚合反应;
其中添加剂的各组分的质量百分比为:磷酸三丁脂:3.35-3.67%、三苯基膦:1.12-1.37%、异丙醇铝:0.87-1.45%、丙酮:1.57-1.86%、乙酰丙酮:1.43-1.87%、乙酰丙酮铝:2.34-3.11%、乙酰丙酮铬:2.68-2.87%,余量为乙酰丙酮铁;
㈢将上述进行聚合反应后的湿膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,设置温度为45-50摄氏度,时间为1.5-3小时;
㈣将干燥后的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行清洗;
㈤将清洗后的高分子超滤膜浸入浓度为7-9%的PVA水溶液中25-35分钟,高分子超滤膜表面形成保护层;
㈥将浸过PVA水溶液的高分子超滤膜送入超声波清洗机中进行二次清洗;
㈦将二次清洗后的高分子超滤膜放入真空干燥机中进行加热干燥,设置温度为45-55摄氏度,时间为1.5-3小时,制得反渗透膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法的步骤㈠中的高分子超滤膜的各成分的质量分数为:聚醚砜:0.87-1.45%、聚丙烯腈:0.44-0.65%、聚丙烯:0.27-0.35%、聚呋喃醇:0.14-0.45%、聚偏氟乙烯:1.27-1.46%、醋酸纤维素:1.34-1.55%、二醋酸纤维素:0.67-0.95%、三醋酸纤维素:0.55-0.72%、丙酸纤维素:1.77-2.13%、丁酸纤维素:0.43-0.63%、醋酸丙酸纤维素:0.87-1.35%、二丁酸纤维素:0.72-0.86%、三丁酸纤维素:1.37-1.52%、醋聚丙烯腈:0.31-0.44%、聚胺酯:0.47-0.68%、聚氯乙烯:0.16-0.31%、磺化聚醚砜:1.41-1.65%、磺化聚砜:0.89-1.43%、聚己内酰胺:0.62-1.15%,余量为聚乙烯。
3.根据权利要求2所述的管道直饮水系统用反渗透膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法的步骤㈡中添加剂的各组分的质量百分比为:磷酸三丁脂:3.57%、三苯基膦:1.22%、异丙醇铝:0.95%、丙酮:1.76%、乙酰丙酮:1.66%、乙酰丙酮铝:2.85%、乙酰丙酮铬:2.74%,余量为乙酰丙酮铁。
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