CN106495811B - Round particle mineral fertilizer granulation process and device - Google Patents
Round particle mineral fertilizer granulation process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106495811B CN106495811B CN201611010145.5A CN201611010145A CN106495811B CN 106495811 B CN106495811 B CN 106495811B CN 201611010145 A CN201611010145 A CN 201611010145A CN 106495811 B CN106495811 B CN 106495811B
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a granulating process of a round granular mineral fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: firstly), raw material proportioning; secondly), stirring and mixing; thirdly), granulating; fourthly), screening wet particles; fifthly), primary drying; sixthly), secondary drying; seventhly), cooling; eighthly), screening finished products; and ninth) packaging the finished product. The invention also discloses a granulating device adopting the process, which comprises a mixer, a disk granulator, a grading drum sieve, a rotary dryer, a vibrating fluidized bed dryer, a rotary cooler and a vibrating sieve which are sequentially connected. The pelletizing disc of the invention has high pelletizing rate, low particle crushing rate in the drying link and high finished product rate of the whole system; advanced granulation process, low drying cost and less water requirement; the round granular mineral fertilizer product has high granular strength, good sphericity and high market acceptance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral fertilizers (soil conditioners), and particularly relates to a granulating process and a granulating device for a round granular mineral fertilizer.
Background
The mineral fertilizer is a novel fertilizer prepared by using natural minerals such as zeolite, medical stone, calcite, potash feldspar and the like as main raw materials, wherein silicon fertilizer, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, potassium-calcium fertilizer, potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer and the like belong to one of the main categories, main nutritional components of the mineral fertilizer are effective silicon oxide, effective calcium oxide, effective potassium oxide, effective magnesium oxide and the like which can be absorbed by plant roots, and the mineral fertilizer also comprises derivative products based on the mineral fertilizer.
With the use of a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, the imbalance of secondary elements (calcium, magnesium, sulfur and silicon) and trace elements (zinc, copper, iron, molybdenum, manganese, boron and the like) in soil is becoming more and more serious. Meanwhile, the demand of the round granular mineral fertilizer is increasingly vigorous due to the social needs of improvement and popularization of recognition of balanced fertilization and mechanized fertilization. The factors influencing the mineral fertilizer granulation process have two aspects, one is the wet strength of the granules and the other is the dry strength of the granules; the wet strength of the particles is the basis for particle formation, the wet strength is too low, the particles are easy to break in the granulation process, the dry strength of the particles is too low, and the particles can break and fall off in the later transportation and storage process. The existing mineral fertilizer granulation process in the market basically adopts the process steps of disc granulation, rotary drying, rotary cooling and finished product screening, but the particle crushing condition is serious in the drying process of a rotary dryer, the yield of the whole process flow is low, and the strength of the round particle mineral fertilizer is generally low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a granulating process and a device for a round granular mineral fertilizer, which aim to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The invention adopts a technical scheme for solving the technical problems in the prior art, which is as follows:
a granulation process of a round granular mineral fertilizer comprises the following steps:
firstly), raw material proportioning: weighing and proportioning the raw materials of the powdery mineral fertilizer and the granulation additive according to a certain proportion;
II) stirring and mixing: mixing and stirring the prepared materials uniformly in a mixer to obtain mixed materials;
thirdly), granulating: conveying the mixed material to a disc granulator for spray granulation, and discharging wet granules from a discharge hole of the granulation disc;
fourthly), screening wet particles: screening the wet particles into three parts with the particle diameters of less than 2mm, 2-5 mm and more than 5mm through a grading drum sieve, wherein the wet particles with the particle diameter of less than 2mm return to the granulating disc again, and the wet particles with the particle diameter of more than 5mm return to the granulating disc after being crushed and scattered;
fifthly), primary drying: feeding the screened wet particles with the size fraction of 2-5 mm into a rotary dryer for secondary granulation and partial drying;
six) secondary drying: feeding the primary dried particles into a vibrating fluidized bed dryer for further drying;
seventhly), cooling: feeding the secondary dried particles into a rotary cooler for cooling;
eighthly), screening finished products: and (4) feeding the cooled particles into a vibrating screen, and obtaining oversize products, namely the finished product of the round particle mineral fertilizer.
And ninth) packaging the finished product.
The powdery mineral fertilizer refers to silicon fertilizer, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, potassium-calcium fertilizer, potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer and the like, and the main nutrient components of the powdery mineral fertilizer are effective silicon oxide, effective calcium oxide, effective potassium oxide, effective magnesium oxide and the like which can be absorbed by the roots of plants, and the powdery mineral fertilizer also comprises derivative products based on the fertilizer.
The invention adopts another technical scheme for solving the technical problems in the prior art, which is as follows:
the granulating device for producing the round granular mineral fertilizer by adopting the process comprises a mixer, a disk granulator, a grading drum sieve, a rotary dryer, a vibrating fluidized bed dryer, a rotary cooler and a vibrating sieve which are sequentially connected.
In addition, the equipped rapping equipment is adopted, and the rotary screen is feasible when being used for screening wet mineral fertilizer particles. The grading drum screen realizes grading screening because the sizes of the screen holes at the front part and the rear part are different, the sizes of the material particles received by the corresponding hoppers are also different, the front part and the rear part are thick, the small particles falling from the screen holes in the front of the grading drum screen enter the granulation disc again, and the large particles discharged from the tail end of the grading drum screen return to the granulation disc after being crushed and scattered. Compared with the traditional process of screening the particles after drying and returning the screened dry particles with unqualified particle size to the granulating disc: the invention has the advantages that: 1) the moisture of the particles returned to the granulating disc is closer to that of wet materials in the granulating disc, the particles can be used as granulating master batches, the granulating rate is greatly improved, and the dried materials returned to the granulating disc easily cause that the moisture of the surface of the granulated particles is inconsistent with the internal moisture, and the dried particles are easy to crack during drying; 2) only wet particles with the particle size meeting the requirement enter a drying link, so that the heat load of a subsequent drying procedure is reduced; 3) the water adding amount in the granulation link is reduced.
The existing mineral fertilizer granulation process in the market is adopted, and the breakage rate of the round granular mineral fertilizer is higher in the drying process of the rotary dryer. Aiming at specific physical properties of the mineral fertilizer, a large number of tests are carried out, the relationship between the strength of the particles, the breakage rate of the particles and the moisture of the particles of the round particle mineral fertilizer is researched, and a two-stage drying technical scheme is provided. The primary drying process adopts a rotary dryer, the interior of the rotary dryer is divided into three areas, namely a first area from a feeding end, a second area and a third area in sequence, the first area is not provided with a lifting blade, particles are continuously extruded and kneaded in the rotating process of the cylinder body to gradually discharge moisture in the particles to the surface, the moisture is taken away under the action of hot air, the secondary granulation effect is realized, and the improvement of the particle strength is facilitated due to the caking property of materials and the natural volatilization of a surface liquid film; the second district and the third district design lifting blade of specific structural style help the stoving heat transfer of granule on the one hand, and on the other hand can protect the granule to hardly broken again. The secondary drying adopts a vibrating fluidized bed dryer. The drying link has a series of measures for reducing the breakage of particles.
The technical core of the invention is two points: firstly, wet granules with unqualified particle size can be returned to a disc granulator to be used as granulation mother balls by screening, so that the balling rate of a granulation link is greatly improved, the drying heat load is reduced, and the water adding amount of the granulation link is reduced; secondly, the relationship among the particle strength, the particle breakage rate and the moisture of the material with specific physical properties, namely the mineral fertilizer, is fully considered by the set value of the particle moisture after the primary drying and before the primary drying and the selection of the primary drying equipment and the secondary drying equipment, so that the lower particle breakage rate in the drying link is ensured.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: 1) the pelletizing disc has high pelletizing rate, the drying link has low particle crushing rate, and the whole system has high yield; 2) advanced granulation process, low drying cost and less water requirement; 3) the round granular mineral fertilizer product has high granular strength, good sphericity and high market acceptance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a process for pelletizing a round particle mineral fertilizer according to the present invention.
In the figure: the dotted line with the arrow is the air flow direction, the solid line with the arrow is the material flow direction, 1-powdered mineral fertilizer, 2-granulation additive, 3-first mixer, 4-second mixer, 5-material stabilizing bin, 6-disk granulator, 7-spraying system, 8-grading rotary screen, 9-crusher, 10-rotary dryer, 11-vibrating fluidized bed dryer, 12-rotary cooler, 13-vibrating screen, 14-packaging machine, 15-round granular mineral fertilizer, 16-hot blast stove, 17-first dust collector, and 18-second dust collector.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a granulation process of a round granular mineral fertilizer comprises the following steps:
firstly), raw material proportioning: weighing and proportioning the raw materials of the powdery mineral fertilizer and the granulation additive according to a certain proportion;
II) stirring and mixing: mixing and stirring the prepared materials uniformly in a mixer to obtain mixed materials;
thirdly), granulating: conveying the mixed material to a disc granulator for spray granulation, and discharging wet granules from a discharge hole of the granulation disc;
fourthly), screening wet particles: screening the wet particles into three parts with the particle diameters of less than 2mm, 2-5 mm and more than 5mm through a grading drum sieve, wherein the wet particles with the particle diameter of less than 2mm return to the granulating disc again, and the wet particles with the particle diameter of more than 5mm return to the granulating disc after being crushed and scattered;
fifthly), primary drying: feeding the screened wet particles with the size fraction of 2-5 mm into a rotary dryer for secondary granulation and partial drying;
six) secondary drying: feeding the primary dried particles into a vibrating fluidized bed dryer for further drying;
seventhly), cooling: feeding the secondary dried particles into a rotary cooler for cooling;
eighthly), screening finished products: and (4) feeding the cooled particles into a vibrating screen, and obtaining oversize products, namely the finished product of the round particle mineral fertilizer.
And ninth) packaging the finished product.
The powdery mineral fertilizer refers to silicon fertilizer, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, potassium-calcium fertilizer, potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer and the like, and the main nutrient components of the powdery mineral fertilizer are effective silicon oxide, effective calcium oxide, effective potassium oxide, effective magnesium oxide and the like which can be absorbed by the roots of plants, and the powdery mineral fertilizer also comprises derivative products based on the fertilizer.
Referring to fig. 1, the granulating device for producing the round granular mineral fertilizer by adopting the process comprises a mixer, a disk granulator, a grading rotary screen, a rotary dryer, a vibrating fluidized bed dryer, a rotary cooler and a vibrating screen which are connected in sequence.
In this embodiment, be equipped with steady feed bin between blendor and the disc granulator, the blendor divide into consecutive first blendor and second blendor, and first blendor carries out coarse mixing, and the second blendor carries out the essence and mixes, and disc granulator one side sets up spraying system, is equipped with the breaker between the tail end of hierarchical drum sieve and the disc granulator.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a powdery mineral fertilizer 1 and a granulation additive 2 are metered and blended, and then are fed into a first mixer 3 for coarse mixing, and then are fed into a second mixer 4 for fine mixing, so as to ensure uniform mixing; the uniformly mixed materials are lifted to a stable material bin 5 through lifting equipment, then fed to a granulating disc of a disc granulator 6, water is atomized by high-pressure gas in a spraying system 7 and then sprayed into the granulating disc through different nozzles, and the aim is to make the materials contact with the water in a large area so as not to cause the local excessive wetting or excessive drying of the materials; wet particles are discharged from a discharge port of the granulation disc and then are sent into a grading rotary screen 8, the size of a section of screen hole in front of the grading rotary screen 8 is smaller (2 mm), the size of a section of screen hole in the rear of the grading rotary screen 8 is larger (5mm), in the process that the wet particles roll in the grading rotary screen 8 and move forwards, firstly, the particles with the size of 2mm fall into a hopper corresponding to the lower part of the screen hole with the size of 2mm, then, the particles with the size of 2-5 mm fall into a hopper corresponding to the lower part of the screen hole with the size of 5mm, and finally, the particles; the small particles with the particle size of 2mm falling from the screen holes in front of the grading drum screen are sent into the granulating disc again, the large particles with the particle size of 5mm discharged from the tail end of the grading drum screen are crushed by the crusher 9 and then return to the granulating disc, and the particles with the particle size of 2-5 mm enter the rotary dryer 10 to be dried; after being dried to certain moisture in the rotary dryer 10, the particles are conveyed to a vibrating fluidized bed dryer 11, the particles are thrown along a horizontal fluidized bed under the action of vibration force and continuously move forwards, and the dried particles are discharged from a discharge port; the granulated fertilizer after the second-stage drying has higher temperature and is easy to agglomerate, and is sent into a rotary cooler 12 for cooling; the cooled granulated fertilizer is sent into a vibrating screen 13 for screening, crushed balls, powder and the like appearing in the rotary cooling machine 12 are removed, oversize products are the round granulated mineral fertilizer meeting the requirement of the grain size, and the round granulated mineral fertilizer 15 leaves the factory or is stored after being packaged by a packaging machine 14.
The hot air for drying in the rotary dryer 10 and the oscillating fluidized bed dryer 11 is supplied by a hot air furnace 16, but is not limited thereto, and other heat sources may be used in case of conditions.
Wet air after drying the granular materials by the rotary dryer 10 and the vibrating fluidized bed dryer 11 is dedusted by the second dust collector 18 and discharged by the chimney, and gas from the rotary cooler 12 and dust-containing gas of other links are dedusted by the first dust collector 17 and discharged by the chimney.
The screen hole size of the grading rotary screen in the embodiment can be set according to the requirement, such as 1mm and 4 mm; the grading rotary screen in the above embodiment can also be replaced by a rotary screen, that is, wet granules are only divided into two parts with the particle size of <2mm and >2mm, wherein the wet granules with the particle size of <2mm are returned to the granulating disc again, the wet granules with the particle size of >2mm enter the drying and cooling links, and finally the granules with the particle size of >5mm are screened out in the finished product screening link and returned to the granulating process after being crushed.
In the above embodiments, other types of cooling machines such as a vibrated fluidized bed cooling machine may be used for the cooling process.
The finished product screening process in the above embodiments may also adopt other types of screening machines such as a rotary screen.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A granulation process of a round granular mineral fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly), raw material proportioning: weighing and proportioning the raw materials of the powdery mineral fertilizer and the granulation additive according to a certain proportion;
II) stirring and mixing: mixing and stirring the prepared materials uniformly in a mixer to obtain mixed materials;
thirdly), granulating: conveying the mixed material to a disc granulator for spray granulation, and discharging wet granules from a discharge hole of the granulation disc;
fourthly), screening wet particles: screening the wet particles into three parts with the particle diameters of less than 2mm, 2-5 mm and more than 5mm through a grading drum sieve, wherein the wet particles with the particle diameter of less than 2mm return to the granulating disc again, and the wet particles with the particle diameter of more than 5mm return to the granulating disc after being crushed and scattered;
fifthly), primary drying: feeding the screened wet particles with the size fraction of 2-5 mm into a rotary dryer for secondary granulation and partial drying; the interior of the rotary dryer is divided into three areas, namely a first area from a feeding end, a second area and a third area in sequence, wherein the first area is not provided with a lifting blade, and the second area and the third area are provided with lifting blades;
six) secondary drying: feeding the primary dried particles into a vibrating fluidized bed dryer for further drying;
seventhly), cooling: feeding the secondary dried particles into a rotary cooler for cooling;
eighthly), screening finished products: feeding the cooled particles into a vibrating screen, and obtaining oversize products, namely the finished product of the round particle mineral fertilizer;
ninth), packaging finished products;
the powdery mineral fertilizer refers to silicon fertilizer, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, potassium-calcium fertilizer, potassium-silicon fertilizer and potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer, and the main nutrient components of the powdery mineral fertilizer are effective silicon oxide, effective calcium oxide, effective potassium oxide and effective magnesium oxide which can be absorbed by the roots of plants, and the powdery mineral fertilizer also comprises derivative products based on the fertilizer.
2. An apparatus for using the round granule mineral fertilizer granulation process of claim 1, characterized in that: comprises a mixer, a disk granulator, a grading drum sieve, a rotary dryer, a vibrating fluidized bed dryer, a rotary cooler and a vibrating sieve which are connected in sequence.
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| CN201611010145.5A CN106495811B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Round particle mineral fertilizer granulation process and device |
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| CN201611010145.5A CN106495811B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Round particle mineral fertilizer granulation process and device |
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| RU2757793C2 (en) | 2016-12-17 | 2021-10-21 | Дед Си Воркс Лтд. | Method for obtaining potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate from carnallite and sodium sulfate |
| CN107803166B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏福亿自动化设备有限公司 | Economic and environment-friendly extrusion powder granulation system and granulation process |
| WO2019167036A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-06 | Dead Sea Works Ltd. | Potash dust granulation process |
| CN109534881B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 扬州大学 | Equipment and method for preparing slow-release fertilizer by using fuel ash neutralization waste liquid |
| CN110075077A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-02 | 贵州天安药业股份有限公司 | A kind of Dimethyldiguanide hydrochloride enteric solubility tablet of effective hypoglycemic |
| CN110066192A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-07-30 | 任红斌 | A kind of equipment and its preparation process manufacturing complete water-soluble rounded grain potassium sulfate |
| CN110408399A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-05 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN110694550A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-17 | 河南龙昌机械制造有限公司 | Efficient energy-saving organic fertilizer granulation system and working method thereof |
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| CN1236766A (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 1999-12-01 | 四川省什化股份有限公司 | Process for preparing organic and inorganic compound fertilizer |
| CN101850989B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2013-01-16 | 河北天人化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of large-particle ammonium sulfate |
| CN102327232B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2013-12-04 | 濮阳泓天威药业有限公司 | Preparation method of granular premixing agent |
| CN104150970B (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2017-07-28 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of disc granulation method of particle ammonium magnesium phosphate slow-release fertilizer |
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