CN106495329B

CN106495329B - Floating island monomer and ecological floating island using same

Info

Publication number: CN106495329B
Application number: CN201610970263.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄雷; 张德民; 王艳婷; 陈和平
Original assignee: Ningbo University
Current assignee: Ningbo University
Priority date: 2016-10-28
Filing date: 2016-10-28
Publication date: 2020-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2036-10-28
Also published as: CN106495329A

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating island monomer, which comprises a floating island plant and a filler matrix layer, wherein the filler matrix layer is used for bearing the floating island plant and allowing the root system of the floating island plant to spread; also relates to an ecological floating island using the floating island monomer. Compared with the prior art, the floating island monomer has good buoyancy, is beneficial to the establishment of a microenvironment ecosystem, and can obtain better wind and wave resistance. In addition, the heat preservation effect can be achieved on the root system of the floating island plant, the cold resistance of the floating island plant is improved, and the floating island plant can safely pass winter; the ecological floating island formed by the floating island monomers has a simple and stable structure, is convenient to process and install, and has good total buoyancy clutch wind wave resistance.

Description

Floating island monomer and ecological floating island using same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water body purification and water surface landscape beautification, in particular to a floating island monomer and an ecological floating island using the floating island monomer.

Background

In recent years, water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds and the like are polluted by the environment, so that the eutrophication of the water bodies is caused, and the ecological balance of the water bodies is damaged. At present, the ecological floating island is more and more concerned about the application in the water body pollution control, the ecological floating island utilizes the plants cultivated on the ecological floating island to remove pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the polluted water body, inhibits the excessive growth of algae in the water body, can beautify the water body landscape, and has the advantages of no land occupation, low cost, good restoration effect and the like.

At present, the existing ecological floating island has the following problems: (1) limited buoyancy: the existing ecological floating island generally adopts foamed plastics or regenerated plastics as basic materials, has limited buoyancy and is easy to break and float on water, and is difficult to degrade to cause secondary pollution although the manufacturing cost is relatively low; (2) the floating island plants are single: the floating island plants are important components of the ecological floating island, are not only carriers of ecological functions of the floating island, but also embody landscape effects of the floating island, but the existing plant configuration of the ecological floating island is difficult to give consideration to landscape and ecological functions, in addition, large-scale plants cannot be planted due to limited buoyancy, and most of the floating island plants cannot pass winter, especially in northern areas with cold weather in winter, the floating island plants need to be planted again in spring of the second year, so that the landscape effects are influenced, and the maintenance cost is increased; (3) the structure is unstable: the traditional floating island is generally connected by ropes and the like, is time-consuming and easy to disperse, has poor wind and wave resistance, is difficult to resist extreme strong wind, strong rain and strong wave weather, and is easy to oxidize and decompose polyethylene and the like, so that the service life of the floating island is shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a floating island monomer with large buoyancy aiming at the prior art.

The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an ecological floating island with large buoyancy and good wind and wave resistance aiming at the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: a floating island monomer comprises a floating island plant and is characterized by further comprising a filler matrix layer used for bearing the floating island plant and allowing the root system of the floating island plant to spread, wherein the filler matrix layer is a palm fiber board, and the palm fiber board is formed by pressing palm fibers.

Preferably, the palm fiber board is formed by injecting latex or PET foam into the palm fibers and then thermally pressing and bonding the latex or PET foam, and the latex or PET foam fills gaps between the palm fibers and extends into pores of the palm fiber board to connect the palm fibers, thereby increasing buoyancy of the palm fiber board.

Preferably, the floating island monomer further comprises a supporting layer arranged at the bottom of the filler matrix layer and a reticular reinforcing layer coated on the periphery of the filler matrix layer and the supporting layer, and the reticular reinforcing layer is provided with holes for the roots of the floating island plants to penetrate out; the supporting layer can stabilize the structure of the floating island monomer, ensure the overall buoyancy of the floating island monomer, and the large buoyancy is beneficial to planting floating island plants at the initial stage and maintaining at the later stage, and allows large plants such as terrestrial plants and flowers to be planted, so that the diversity of the floating island plants is realized, a good landscape effect is obtained, the floating island can become a habitat of various animals, and the establishment of a microenvironment ecosystem is facilitated; the netted enhancement layer can avoid packing matrix layer to scatter the frame, further stabilizes the free structure of floating island, and when the root system of floating island plant stretchs and stretches out the hole on the netted enhancement layer in packing matrix layer to further strengthen the steadiness of floating island monomer structure.

Preferably, the reticular reinforcing layer is internally and externally provided with a metal mesh and an oxidation resistant layer which are sequentially coated on the peripheries of the filler matrix layer and the supporting layer, the supporting layer is a PU plate, and the oxidation resistant layer is PVC cloth; the metal mesh can form a frame structure outside the filler substrate layer, so that the qualitative supporting effect is achieved, the oxidation resistant layer can prevent the floating island monomer from being oxidized, the secondary pollution is not increased, and the service life of the floating island monomer is effectively prolonged.

Preferably, the thickness of the filler substrate layer is 300-400 mm, and the thickness of the supporting layer is 50-100 mm.

In order to facilitate planting of the floating island plants, preferably, vertically extending planting holes are formed in the top surface of the filler substrate layer, and planting media for planting the floating island plants are filled in the planting holes.

Further, the depth of the planting holes is 100-130 mm, and the planting medium comprises fine sand, furnace slag, peat soil, bark compost and fibrilia in a mass ratio of 2-3: 1-1.5: 0.5-0.8: 0.2-0.4.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the second technical problem is as follows: the ecological floating island comprises at least one floating island monomer, and when the number of the floating island monomers is at least two, the floating island monomers are connected into a whole through a connecting piece.

Preferably, the connecting piece is a chain coated with waterproof paint, preferably, the chain is a metal chain, such as a stainless steel chain; the setting up of chain enables the ecological chinampa inner structure that is formed by the combination of chinampa monomer firm, and waterproof material's coating can effectively avoid the connecting piece by corrosion oxidation, guarantees chinampa inner structure's stability, and then prolongs the life of chinampa.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the filler matrix layer used for bearing the floating island plants in the floating island monomer is a palm fiber board, is formed by pressing palm fibers, has good buoyancy, can enable the floating island monomer to obtain larger buoyancy, is favorable for planting the floating island plants in the initial stage and later-stage maintenance, and allows terrestrial plants, flowers and other large plants to be planted, so that the diversity of the floating island plants is realized, a good landscape effect is obtained, the floating island monomer can become a habitat of various animals, the establishment of a microenvironment ecosystem is facilitated, and meanwhile, the floating island monomer can obtain better wind and wave resistance. In addition, the root system of the floating island plants spreads in the filler matrix layer, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved, the cold resistance of the floating island plants is improved, and the floating island plants can safely pass winter. The ecological floating island is an integrated structure formed by the floating island monomers through connecting pieces, the buoyancy is provided by the plurality of independent floating island monomers, so that the overall buoyancy (people carrying) of the floating island is guaranteed, the wind and wave resistance of the floating island can be improved through the integrated design, the floating island is prevented from being sunk by wind and waves, and the stability of the floating island is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a floating island cell in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a top view of an ecological floating island in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an ecological floating island comprises at least one floating island unit 1, and when there are at least two floating island units 1, the floating island units 1 are connected into a whole through a connecting piece 7. Ecological chinampa is formed by chinampa monomer 1 combination, makes things convenient for the processing and the installation of ecological chinampa, and the buoyancy of ecological chinampa is formed by the buoyancy sum of each independent chinampa monomer 1 simultaneously, and then can improve the total buoyancy of ecological chinampa, simultaneously, by the integrated structure that a plurality of chinampa monomers 1 are connected and are formed, can improve the buffer power of chinampa, and then improve the unrestrained ability of anti-wind of chinampa. In addition, ecological chinampa comprises a plurality of chinampa monomers 1 for can plant multiple plant on this ecological chinampa, the plant diversity of multiplicable chinampa, diversified chinampa plant can not only improve the view benefit of chinampa, and its root system can absorb N, P nutritive salt and the secretion biological flocculant in the water moreover, and water purification forms high-efficient biomembrane simultaneously, can lay eggs for the fish and provide the habitat, thereby constitutes perfect biological chain.

Further, the above-mentioned connecting member 7 is a chain coated with a waterproof paint, preferably, the chain is a metal chain such as a stainless steel chain or the like; the setting up of chain enables the ecological chinampa inner structure that is formed by chinampa monomer 1 combination to stabilize, and waterproof material's coating can effectively avoid connecting piece 7 to be corroded the oxidation, guarantees chinampa inner structure's stability, and then prolongs chinampa's life.

In this embodiment, the floating island unit 1 is square, but the shape of the floating island unit 1 may be made into any shape and size as required to adapt to the corresponding buoyancy. Specifically, the floating island unit 1 includes a filler matrix layer 2, planting holes 3 and floating island plants (not shown), wherein the planting holes 3 are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the filler matrix layer 2 and vertically extend, planting media 4 for planting the floating island plants are filled in the planting holes 3, and thus, the filler matrix layer 2 is used for supporting the floating island plants and allowing the root systems of the floating island plants to spread. Further, the thickness of the filler substrate layer 2 is 300-400 mm (300 mm in the embodiment), the depth of the planting hole 3 is 100mm, the planting medium 4 is fine sand, slag, peat soil, bark compost and fibrilia in a mass ratio of 2-3: 1-1.5: 0.5-0.8: 0.2-0.4, and the preferred mass ratio of the fine sand, the slag, the peat soil, the bark compost and the fibrilia in the embodiment is 2:1:1:0.5: 0.2. Therefore, in the invention, a planting basket is not required to be arranged, the root system of the floating island plant can directly absorb the nutrients in the planting medium 4 in the planting hole 3, and the plant root system can spread to the filler matrix layer 2, so that the internal structure of the floating island monomer 1 is stable.

Preferably, the filler matrix layer 2 is a palm fiber board formed by injecting latex or PET foam into palm fibers and then thermally bonding the palm fibers. The palm fiber plate can reduce the total weight of the floating island monomer 1, has better buoyancy, can enable the floating island monomer 1 to obtain larger buoyancy, is favorable for planting floating island plants in the initial stage and maintaining in the later stage, and allows large-scale plants such as terrestrial plants and flowers to be planted, thereby realizing the diversity of the floating island plants, obtaining good landscape effect, being capable of becoming the habitat of various animals, being favorable for establishing a microenvironment ecosystem, and simultaneously also enabling the floating island monomer 1 to obtain better wind and wave resistance. In addition, the root system of the floating island plants spreads in the filler matrix layer 2, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved, the cold resistance of the floating island plants is improved, and the floating island plants can safely pass winter.

In addition, the floating island unit 1 further comprises a supporting layer 5 arranged at the bottom of the filler matrix layer 2 and a reticular reinforcing layer 6 coated on the periphery of the sides of the filler matrix layer 2 and the supporting layer 5, and the reticular reinforcing layer 6 is provided with holes (not shown) for the root systems of the floating island plants to penetrate out. The supporting layer 5 can stabilize the structure of the floating island monomer 1, and further ensure the overall buoyancy of the floating island monomer; netted enhancement layer 6 can avoid filling 2 framves on the matrix layer, further stabilize chinampa monomer 1's structure, and when the root system of chinampa plant stretchs and stretches out the hole on netted enhancement layer 6 in filling matrix layer 2, can not only further strengthen the steadiness of chinampa monomer 1 structure, and the root system can absorb the nutrient from the water, form netted biological filler, and secrete biological flocculant, thereby water purification, furthermore, the microorganism can be attached to and form high-efficient biomembrane on root system and netted enhancement layer 6, fish can lay eggs and the fry breeds in root system and netted enhancement layer 6 department, thereby become the habitat of fish. Further, netted enhancement layer 6 includes by interior to outer cladding in proper order at the metal mesh and the antioxidation layer of

filler matrix layer

2 and 5 peripheries of supporting layer, and the metal mesh can play qualitative supporting role in the outside frame construction that forms of filler matrix layer 2, and the antioxidation layer can avoid floating island monomer 1 to be oxidized, does not increase secondary pollution, effectively prolongs the life of floating island monomer 1. Specifically, the supporting layer 5 is a PU plate, the anti-oxidation layer is PVC cloth, and the thickness of the supporting layer 5 is 50-100 mm (100 mm in this embodiment).

The ecological floating island is used as follows: firstly, according to the design requirements, the assembly connection is completed on the land, for example, the floating island in the embodiment is composed of two floating island monomers, and the two floating island monomers are connected into a whole by using a connecting piece. And then, putting the assembled floating island into a designed position on the water surface, and selecting a proper fixing mode for fixing, such as an inserted rod type, an anchoring type or a revetment traction type. Then, plant according to the plant type, specification and position selected by design, and an auxiliary springboard can be used, so that the workers can plant on the island conveniently. The inspection is generally carried out once 2 weeks after planting, when dead seedlings or burnt seedlings occur, the seedlings need to be supplemented or adjusted properly in time, plants which grow too fast need to be trimmed in time, and the plants need to be harvested in a harvesting season when the vegetables are planted. If severe weather conditions such as rainstorm, typhoon and the like occur, reinforcement and protection need to be done in advance, and after severe weather, the problems need to be checked in time and handled in time.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a floating island monomer, includes the floating island plant, its characterized in that, still including the filler matrix layer that is used for bearing this floating island plant and supplies the root system of floating island plant to spread, this filler matrix layer is the palm fibreboard, the palm fibreboard forms through hot pressing bonding after spouting latex or PET foam to palm fibre, the floating island monomer is still including setting up the supporting layer and the cladding at filler matrix layer bottom and the netted enhancement layer of supporting layer side periphery, sets up the hole that the root system that supplies the floating island plant wore out on this netted enhancement layer, the netted enhancement layer is including cladding in proper order at the metal mesh and the antioxidation layer of filler and supporting layer periphery to the outsourcing by interior, the supporting layer is the PU board, the antioxidation layer is PVC cloth, the thickness of filler matrix layer is 300 ~ 400mm, the thickness of supporting layer is 50 ~ 100 mm.

2. The floating island monomer of claim 1, wherein the top surface of the filler matrix layer is provided with vertically extending planting holes filled with planting media for planting floating island plants.

3. The floating island monomer according to claim 2, wherein the depth of the planting holes is 100-130 mm, and the planting medium comprises fine sand, slag, peat soil, bark compost and fibrilia in a mass ratio of 2-3: 1-1.5: 0.5-0.8: 0.2-0.4.

4. An ecological floating island applying the floating island units according to claim 2, wherein the ecological floating island comprises at least one floating island unit, and when the number of the floating island units is at least two, the floating island units are connected into a whole through connecting pieces.

5. The ecological floating island according to claim 4, wherein the connecting member is a chain coated with a waterproof coating.