CN106482923A - Test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field being applied under hot environment - Google Patents

Test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field being applied under hot environment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106482923A
CN106482923A CN201610967122.7A CN201610967122A CN106482923A CN 106482923 A CN106482923 A CN 106482923A CN 201610967122 A CN201610967122 A CN 201610967122A CN 106482923 A CN106482923 A CN 106482923A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
collecting ring
tapered sleeve
test device
flow field
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CN201610967122.7A
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CN106482923B (en
Inventor
孔维萱
邹样辉
田宁
齐斌
张利嵩
岳晖
夏吝时
杨驰
张凯
那伟
曹知红
赵玲
李彦良
姜通
姜一通
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Beijing Aerospace Changzheng Aircraft Institute
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Beijing Aerospace Changzheng Aircraft Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/02Wind tunnels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/06Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field being applied under hot environment, this device includes tapered sleeve and the multiple and pressure transducer being installed on tapered sleeve and the interior heat flow transducer setting water-cooling channel, the first collecting ring is set in tapered sleeve, second collecting ring and hollow water-cooled conduit, the in axial direction variable cross-section design of cooling water conduit, one end of all water-cooled conduits is all connected with the first collecting ring, the other end is all connected with the second collecting ring, first collecting ring has multiple inlet openings towards inside tapered sleeve, second collecting ring has multiple apopores towards inside tapered sleeve, cold water passes through water inlet pipe, inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space, it is pooled in the second collecting ring along hollow water-cooled conduit again, apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe, realize water cooling.This test device can bear the severe thermal environment of high temperature, big hot-fluid for a long time, completes hot-fluid and stress test and the demarcation of specified location, provides flow field Calibration Data for carrying out combustion gas stream test.

Description

Test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field being applied under hot environment
Technical field
The present invention relates to test device is demarcated in the flow field under a kind of hot environment, belong to the examination of aircraft ground combustion gas stream wind-tunnel Test technical field.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of aircraft flight Mach number, orbit maneuver and in-orbit flight time, in order to examine and survey The test flight device and its part hot load-carrying properties under high temperature and high speed flox condition, domestic and international research institution be all evolving and Improve ground simulation test technology and ability, to provide technical support for course of new aircraft thermal protection system evaluation.
Ground gas stream wind-tunnel is to carry out one of test equipment of high temperature and high speed flowing test, using oxygen and kerosene as combustion Material, produces high temperature supersonic airstream by supersonic nozzle, and in experimental cabin, device is carried out with heat examination.
Before carrying out formal wind tunnel test, need stream field quality and the device situation of streaming to be demarcated, now need to survey Trial assembly is placed in assay device installation site, and the flow-field test value obtaining key position is to evaluate whether flow field condition meets test Require.For combustion gas stream wind-tunnel flox condition, there is high temperature hyperpyrexia it is desirable to flow-field test device have can be long-time Bear the high temperature and high speed impact of fluid, that is, require it to have solar heat protection or from cooling capacity.
The limitation that existing air tunnel testing device exists is mainly manifested in that the testing time is short, and the existing wind tunnel test time is short, Test device only need to meet the operation demand of short time, and the applied environment of the present invention, i.e. 200MW combustion gas stream wind tunnel operation time Long, reach hundreds of second-times, need to test and demarcate the flow parameter of Flow Field in Wind Tunnel and stability it is desirable to test device has height Long playing ability under the conditions of heat load.
Content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being:Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the flow field under a kind of hot environment to mark Determine test device, realize typical structure device under combustion gas stream wind-tunnel high temperature and high speed flox condition, hyperpyrexia can be born for a long time Carry, complete hot-fluid and stress test and the demarcation of specified location, provide flow field Calibration Data for carrying out combustion gas stream test.
The object of the invention is achieved by the following technical programs:Test is demarcated in a kind of flow field being applied under hot environment Device, this device includes tapered sleeve and the multiple heat flow transducers and the pressure transducer that are installed on tapered sleeve, wherein,
Tapered sleeve is hollow ball cone, and tapered sleeve inwall semi-cone angle is more than the semi-cone angle of tapered sleeve outer wall, bores at the bulb of tapered sleeve top Pars intramuralis has the first collecting ring centered on the axis of cone, and cone pars intramuralis has the second collecting ring near bottom end;The cone wall of tapered sleeve Internal circumferential has multiple separate hollow water-cooled conduits along bus, and cooling water conduit is in axial direction arranged, sectional area Keep constant, one end of all water-cooled conduits is all connected with the first collecting ring, and the other end is all connected with the second collecting ring, the One collecting ring has multiple inlet openings towards inside tapered sleeve, and the second collecting ring has multiple apopores, cold water towards inside tapered sleeve By water inlet pipe, the inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space, then is pooled to the second collection along hollow water-cooled conduit In water ring, the apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe.
Described heat flow transducer be water card type heat flux sensor, using center enter water slug add pipeline cooling by the way of cold But.
The area A of described water-cooled conduit is:
A=(qS)/(v ρ cpΔT)
In formula, q is maximum heat flow density, S is test device exterior surface area, v cooling water mean flow rate, ρ cooling watertight Degree, cpCooling water specific heat capacity, Δ T are cooling water temperature drop, i.e. cooling water outlet temperature and water inlet temperature difference.
In the case of keeping sectional area constant, in axial direction cross sectional shape is variable for cooling water conduit.
Inlet opening on described first collecting ring is ellipse.
The tapered sleeve outer wall that one of heat flow transducer is installed at tapered sleeve bulb stationary point, other heat flow transducer is uniform.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantages that:
(1), the present invention using by the way of water-cooled to combustion gas stream under the conditions of flow-field test device carry out thermal protection it is ensured that survey Trial assembly is put and be can be used in long-time, the severe thermal environment of high temperature, big hot-fluid;
(2), the present invention is by the structure design to test device internal water cooling passage, in given cooling water pressure condition Under, design cooling water water inlet diameter and flow velocity, to ensure cooling effect it is ensured that cooling water is flowed through with certain flow and flow velocity The harsh region of the thermal environments such as termination, front bulkhead, meets thermal protection requirement.
(3), heat flow transducer of the present invention employs water-cooling structure, reduce the temperature of sensor body so as to high temperature, Work long hours under big heat-flux conditions.
(4), the inlet opening on the present invention first collecting ring is designed as ellipse, can save space.
(5), the present invention demarcates test device Reasonable Arrangement water card type heat flux sensor and high temperature resistant pressure sensing in flow field Device is it is ensured that normal work under the conditions of combustion gas stream high temperature and high speed for the test device, and completes the survey of specified location hot-fluid and pressure Amount, is the Calibration Data that combustion gas stream wind tunnel test provides flow field quality.For carrying out combustion gas stream wind tunnel test, evaluate flow field product Matter, there is provided reliable technical guarantee.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is that test device overall structure diagram is demarcated in embodiment of the present invention flow field;
Fig. 2 is water-cooled conduit and water inlet sectional view at embodiment of the present invention section A;
Fig. 3 is water-cooled conduit sectional view at the F of embodiment of the present invention section;
Fig. 4 is that test device water inlet arrangement schematic diagram is demarcated in embodiment of the present invention flow field;
Fig. 5 is that test device outlet arrangement schematic diagram is demarcated in embodiment of the present invention flow field;
Fig. 6 is the second collecting ring and outlet sectional view at the I of embodiment of the present invention section;
Fig. 7 is that test device heat flow transducer structural representation is demarcated in embodiment of the present invention flow field.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 gives a kind of water cooling plant overall structure diagram, water-cooled conduit schematic cross-section, cooling successively Water import/export schematic diagram.As illustrated, it is tapered sleeve form that test device is demarcated in flow field, tapered sleeve is hollow ball cone, tapered sleeve inwall 2 semi-cone angle are more than the semi-cone angle of tapered sleeve outer wall 1, and tapered sleeve top bulb has the first collecting ring, in bottom centered on sentencing the axis of cone Portion has the second collecting ring;Tapered sleeve internal circumferential has multiple separate hollow water-cooled conduits, cooling water conduit along bus Variable cross-section design vertically, bosh sectional area keeps constant, and one end of all water-cooled conduits is connected with the first collecting ring, The other end is connected with the second collecting ring, and the second collecting ring has multiple inlet openings towards tapered sleeve inwall, the second collecting ring towards Tapered sleeve inwall has multiple apopores, and cold water passes through water inlet pipe 3, and the inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space, It is pooled in the second collecting ring along hollow water-cooled conduit, the apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe again;Water cassette Heat flow transducer 4 is used for testing hot-fluid, and one of heat flow transducer is located at tapered sleeve bulb stationary point, other heat flow transducer is equal The tapered sleeve outer wall of cloth.
Heat-flow measurement is carried out using water card type heat flux sensor, water card heat flow transducer measures heat using flow of fluid Stream, the water of certain flow flows through gauge head, and the change according to water temperature is calculating heat flow density.Except whole test device employs water Cooling is outer, in addition individually controls cooling water to reach thermal balance in test surfaces flowing again.Its hot-fluid computing formula is:
Wherein, ρw、Cp,wRespectively water density, specific heat,For cooling water flow, Δ T is the cooling water outlet and inlet temperature difference, and S is Heating surface (area) (HS.
Fig. 7 gives flow field and demarcates test device heat flow transducer structural representation.Heat flow transducer includes thermal insulation overcoat 21st, copper plug 22, steel bushing 23, water inlet pipe 25 and outlet pipe 24.Thermal insulation overcoat 21 is enclosed within outside steel bushing 23 and copper plug 22, steel bushing and copper Fill in for threaded, the connected mode between pipeline and steel bushing and pipeline is welding, is provided with a cavity, enters inside steel bushing 23 Water pipe 25 is all connected with cavity with outlet pipe 24, and cold water enters into cavity by water inlet pipe, then is flowed out by outlet pipe.
Flow field demarcate test device material of main part can be red copper, be weldingly connected between each part of main body, heat flow transducer and Apparatus main body screw thread adds gemel connection, and apparatus main body is connected by flange in the bottom with mounting bracket.
Keep water-cooling groove sectional area constant it is ensured that in water-cooled conduit cooling water flowing velocity, thus ensure cool down Effect;Wherein cross-sectional area A by heating surface area, heat flow density, cooling water flow velocity, the parameter determination such as cooling water temperature drop, specifically Formula is:
A=(qS)/(v ρ cpΔT)
In formula, q represents that maximum heat flow density, S represent heating surface (area) (HS, v cooling water mean flow rate, ρ cooling water density, cpCold But water specific heat capacity, Δ T cooling water temperature drop are cooling water outlet temperature and water inlet temperature difference.
Cooling water intake is arranged on tapered sleeve bulb inwall, with the water impact bulb stationary point of higher speed to reach optimum Cooling effect, cooling water flow to ball cone bottom through the conical surface, is discharged by bottom outlet.
Embodiment
The ball cone that a kind of water cooling plant is Probe-radius 50mm, 9 ° of semi-cone angle, base diameter are 260mm, stationary point design heat Flow valuve is set to 20MW/m2, and the heat flow value that stationary point target heat flux value can bear for stagnation region, by wind-tunnel flow parameter and test dress Put geometry to determine, conical surface target heat flux is 10MW/m2, conical surface target heat flux refers to conical surface region institute energy in addition to stagnation region The heat flow value born, is determined by wind-tunnel flow parameter and test device geometry, pressure measurement range is 10~2000kPa, Heat-flow measurement scope is 0.3~20MW/m2, time of measuring >=100s, cooling water pressure≤8atm;Cooling water flow≤20kg/ s.
It is clearly defined cylindrical coordinate for description, with bulb stationary point as zero, device axis is x-axis, and stationary point is to bottom For x-axis positive direction, it is spaced 90 ° clockwise along x-axis pros and is followed successively by I, II, III and IV quadrant.
Processing cooling-water duct inside tapered sleeve, the uniform 16 cooling water conduits of circumference, cooling current direction is along device bus.Base Profile bored by ball in device, and cone body diameter is gradually increased vertically, and in the case of inside and outside wall semi-cone angle identical, cooling-water duct cuts Area is also gradually increased vertically, and cooling water flow velocity reduces, and reduces cooling effectiveness.Constant for ensureing cooling water flow velocity, to water-cooled Passage carries out uiform section design, specially:Keep the rib thickness between adjacent water-cooling channel constant, device outer wall semi-cone angle is 9 °, inwall semi-cone angle be 9.52 °.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, wherein Fig. 2 is bulb to axially different position cross-sectional structure schematic diagram Nearby cross-sectional view, Fig. 3 are cooling water intake cross-sectional view nearby.Meet to dress under the conditions of the heat flow density of stationary point The cooling put is it is desirable to cool down water flow velocity >=10m/s.
Cooling water intake is separately positioned on device bulb region III inclined IV45 ° and the inclined II45 ° of position of I.For adapting to bulb Inner space and meet cooling water water inlet flow rates demand, it is oval that cooling water inlet pipe intersect section with device, cooling water water inlet Internal equivalent diameter 20mm.Enter water flow velocity and space requirement for meeting cooling water simultaneously, cooling water such as water lines be designed as variable cross-section, I.e. bulb position such as aquaporin Cross section Design be ellipse, as shown in Fig. 2 cone body region enter aquaporin section be circle.
Cooling water outlet is arranged on bottom of device, in opener water ring at bottom of device 15mm, circumferentially disposed 8 internal diameters For 10mm outlet.
The each bus of I to IV quadrant axially uniform 4 sensors, sensor axial spacing 130mm, the nearest sensing away from small end Device is away from stationary point 95.5mm.Heat flow transducer is arranged on I, III quadrant bus, and pressure transducer is arranged on II, IV quadrant bus.
Pressure measxurement adopts pressure transducer, opens pressure tap and install pressure transducer, pressure tap external diameter in tested device For 2mm.
Ball cone water cooling plant need to be arranged in water cooled holder, and water cooling plant bottom external diameter is 260mm, outside water cooled holder end face Footpath is 250mm, and inner conical drogue bottom welding external diameter 250mm, the annulus of thick 20mm are used as the connection with water cooled holder.Water cooling plant with Using 12 uniform Ф 13 mode connects for screws of circumference, screw centerline diameter is 200mm to water cooled holder, 30 ° of interval.
After tested, above-mentioned flow field is demarcated test device and can be obtained reliable fluid field pressure under 20MW/m2 heat-flux conditions With the measurement data of hot-fluid, run time is not less than 100s.
The above, only one specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and appoints What those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in, all Should be included within the scope of the present invention.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of flow field of being applied under hot environment demarcate test device it is characterised in that:Including tapered sleeve and be installed on tapered sleeve On multiple heat flow transducers and pressure transducer, wherein,
Tapered sleeve is hollow ball cone, and tapered sleeve inwall semi-cone angle is more than the semi-cone angle of tapered sleeve outer wall, in cone wall at the bulb of tapered sleeve top Portion has the first collecting ring centered on the axis of cone, and cone pars intramuralis has the second collecting ring near bottom end;The cone pars intramuralis of tapered sleeve Circumference has multiple separate hollow water-cooled conduits along bus, and cooling water conduit is in axial direction arranged, and sectional area keeps Constant, one end of all water-cooled conduits is all connected with the first collecting ring, and the other end is all connected with the second collecting ring, the first collection Water ring has multiple inlet openings towards inside tapered sleeve, and the second collecting ring has multiple apopores towards inside tapered sleeve, and cold water passes through Water inlet pipe, the inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space, then is pooled to the second collecting ring along hollow water-cooled conduit Interior, the apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe.
2. test device is demarcated it is characterised in that institute in a kind of flow field of being applied under hot environment according to claim 1 Stating heat flow transducer is water card type heat flux sensor, enters by the way of water slug adds pipeline cooling to cool down using center.
3. test device is demarcated it is characterised in that institute in a kind of flow field of being applied under hot environment according to claim 1 The area A stating water-cooled conduit is:
A=(qS)/(v ρ cpΔT)
In formula, q is maximum heat flow density, S is test device exterior surface area, v cooling water mean flow rate, ρ cooling water density, cp Cooling water specific heat capacity, Δ T are cooling water temperature drop, i.e. cooling water outlet temperature and water inlet temperature difference.
4. a kind of flow field of being applied under hot environment according to claim 1 demarcate test device it is characterised in that In the case of keeping sectional area constant, in axial direction cross sectional shape is variable for cooling water conduit.
5. test device is demarcated it is characterised in that institute in a kind of flow field of being applied under hot environment according to claim 1 Stating the inlet opening on the first collecting ring is ellipse.
6. a kind of flow field of being applied under hot environment according to claim 1 demarcate test device it is characterised in that its In heat flow transducer is installed at tapered sleeve bulb stationary point, other heat flow transducer is uniform tapered sleeve outer wall.
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CN107991057A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-04 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 A kind of airvane surface cold wall heat flow density and device for pressure measurement
CN108007667A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-05-08 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 A kind of high-temperature fuel gas wind-tunnel Mach number measuring device and method
CN108072535A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-05-25 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 A kind of heater electrode
CN108362403A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-08-03 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 A kind of integral type thermometric stationary point water card calorimeter structure
CN108692898A (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-23 北京强度环境研究所 A kind of adaptive Water-cooling vibration attachment device
CN109163875A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-01-08 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 A kind of water-cooled experimental rig for plasma wind tunnel
CN109269654A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-01-25 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 A kind of reinforced temperature measurement structure of steam turbine
CN109367827A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-02-22 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 A kind of Multi probe water-cooled test framed bent
CN109632866A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-16 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 A kind of water-cooled sample holder in high-enthalpy flow
CN110553814A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-10 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Three-arm model supporting device for high-temperature flow field
CN112213069A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-12 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 Flow field calibration and measurement bent frame with cooling structure for hypersonic high-temperature wind tunnel
CN112484952A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-12 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 Bulb and method for measuring stagnation point heat flow for long time
CN112611534A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-06 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 Insulating layer isolation structure of continuous high-temperature air heater
CN113125103A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-16 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 Data processing method for elliptical cross-section flow meter with 41 measuring points equidistantly distributed
CN113758672A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-12-07 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 High-efficient water-cooling diffuser of electric arc wind-tunnel
CN114264493A (en) * 2021-12-09 2022-04-01 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Multipurpose water-cooling stagnation point measuring probe for pneumatic heat ground simulation test

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CN108007667A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-05-08 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 A kind of high-temperature fuel gas wind-tunnel Mach number measuring device and method
CN108007667B (en) * 2017-11-20 2020-02-14 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 High-temperature gas wind tunnel Mach number measuring device and method
CN108072535A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-05-25 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 A kind of heater electrode
CN107991057A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-04 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 A kind of airvane surface cold wall heat flow density and device for pressure measurement
CN108362403A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-08-03 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 A kind of integral type thermometric stationary point water card calorimeter structure
CN108692898A (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-23 北京强度环境研究所 A kind of adaptive Water-cooling vibration attachment device
CN109163875B (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-07-02 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 A kind of water-cooled experimental rig for plasma wind tunnel
CN109163875A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-01-08 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 A kind of water-cooled experimental rig for plasma wind tunnel
CN109269654A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-01-25 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 A kind of reinforced temperature measurement structure of steam turbine
CN109269654B (en) * 2018-09-21 2021-02-02 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Reinforced temperature measuring structure for steam turbine
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