CN108072535A - A kind of heater electrode - Google Patents
A kind of heater electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN108072535A CN108072535A CN201711408559.8A CN201711408559A CN108072535A CN 108072535 A CN108072535 A CN 108072535A CN 201711408559 A CN201711408559 A CN 201711408559A CN 108072535 A CN108072535 A CN 108072535A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种加热器电极，包括：内壳、导流套和外壳；内壳的内壁面为圆柱面；内壳的外壁面沿轴向均布有多条加强筋，加强筋的长度与内壳的外壁面的长度相等；各条加强筋等间隔均布，相邻的两条加强筋之间形成一分水槽；内壳的两端分别设置有第一加强环和第二加强环；导流套固定在内壳的外侧，导流套的内壁面与各条加强筋的外壁面贴合；导流套的两端分别设置有分水环和集水环；外壳固定在导流套的外侧，外壳的内壁面与导流套的外壁面及内壳的第一加强环和第二加强环密封固定；外壳的两端分别设置有多个进水孔和多个出水孔。通过本发明解决了高压大功率状态下现有的加热器电极易烧损的问题。
The invention discloses a heater electrode, which comprises: an inner shell, a diversion sleeve and an outer shell; the inner wall of the inner shell is a cylindrical surface; It is equal to the length of the outer wall of the inner shell; each reinforcing rib is evenly spaced, and a water channel is formed between two adjacent reinforcing ribs; the two ends of the inner shell are respectively provided with a first reinforcing ring and a second reinforcing ring ; The diversion sleeve is fixed on the outside of the inner shell, and the inner wall of the diversion sleeve is attached to the outer wall of each reinforcing rib; the two ends of the diversion sleeve are respectively provided with a water separation ring and a water collection ring; the outer shell is fixed on the diversion The outer side of the sleeve, the inner wall surface of the shell, the outer wall surface of the diversion sleeve and the first reinforcement ring and the second reinforcement ring of the inner shell are sealed and fixed; the two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a plurality of water inlet holes and a plurality of water outlet holes. The invention solves the problem that the existing heater electrodes are easy to burn out under the state of high voltage and high power.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于飞行器防热结构考核地面模拟技术领域，尤其涉及一种加热器电极。The invention belongs to the technical field of ground simulation for aircraft heat-proof structure assessment, and in particular relates to a heater electrode.
背景技术Background technique
高压大功率(如，总压大于5MPa，功率大于30MW)加热器是飞行器防热结构考核地面模拟试验设备，用于模拟飞行器在飞行时遭遇的热环境，加热器电极是高压大功率加热器的重要组成部分。High-voltage and high-power heaters (for example, total pressure greater than 5MPa and power greater than 30MW) are ground simulation test equipment for aircraft heat-proof structure assessment, which are used to simulate the thermal environment encountered by aircraft during flight. The heater electrodes are high-voltage and high-power heaters. An important part of.
在新型飞行器研制过程中，对1：1全尺寸真实模型的气动热地面模拟试验的需求越来越突出。目前的小功率、低气流总压的电弧加热试验平台，由于功率的限制只能承担一些防热材料以及局部部件的地面试验研究工作，无法开展部件级的热结构性能的地面考核研究，换而言之，满足大尺度1：1全尺寸真实模型的大功率电弧自由射流试验设备目前尚属空白。During the development of new aircraft, the demand for aerodynamic and thermal ground simulation tests of 1:1 full-scale real models is becoming more and more prominent. The current arc heating test platform with low power and low airflow total pressure can only undertake the ground test and research work of some heat-resistant materials and partial components due to power limitations, and cannot carry out the ground assessment research of thermal structural performance at the component level. In other words, the high-power arc free-jet test equipment that satisfies the large-scale 1:1 full-scale real model is still blank.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的技术解决问题：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种加热器电极，旨在解决高压大功率状态下现有的加热器电极易烧损的问题。The technical problem of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a heater electrode, aiming to solve the problem that the existing heater electrode is easy to burn out under the state of high voltage and high power.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种加热器电极，包括：内壳(1)、导流套(2)和外壳(3)；In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a heater electrode, comprising: an inner shell (1), a flow guide sleeve (2) and an outer shell (3);
内壳(1)的内壁面为圆柱面；内壳(1)的外壁面沿轴向均布有多条加强筋(101)，加强筋的长度与内壳(1)的外壁面的长度相等；其中，各条加强筋等间隔均布，相邻的两条加强筋之间形成一分水槽(102)；内壳(1)的两端分别设置有第一加强环(103)和第二加强环(104)；The inner wall surface of the inner shell (1) is a cylindrical surface; the outer wall surface of the inner shell (1) has a plurality of reinforcing ribs (101) evenly distributed in the axial direction, and the length of the reinforcing ribs is equal to the length of the outer wall surface of the inner shell (1) ; Wherein, each reinforcement rib is evenly distributed at equal intervals, and a sub-water tank (102) is formed between two adjacent reinforcement ribs; the two ends of the inner shell (1) are respectively provided with a first reinforcement ring (103) and a second reinforcement ring (103). Reinforcing ring (104);
导流套(2)固定在内壳(1)的外侧，导流套(2)的内壁面与各条加强筋的外壁面贴合；其中，导流套(2)的两端分别设置有分水环(201)和集水环(202)；The diversion sleeve (2) is fixed on the outer side of the inner shell (1), and the inner wall surface of the diversion sleeve (2) is attached to the outer wall surface of each reinforcing rib; wherein, the two ends of the diversion sleeve (2) are respectively provided with Water distribution ring (201) and water collection ring (202);
外壳(3)固定在导流套(2)的外侧，外壳(3)的内壁面与导流套(2)的外壁面及内壳(1)的第一加强环(103)和第二加强环(104)密封固定；其中，外壳(3)的两端分别设置有多个进水孔(301)和多个出水孔(302)。The outer shell (3) is fixed on the outside of the diversion sleeve (2), the inner wall surface of the outer shell (3) and the outer wall surface of the diversion sleeve (2) and the first reinforcement ring (103) and the second reinforcement ring (103) of the inner shell (1) The ring (104) is sealed and fixed; wherein, a plurality of water inlet holes (301) and a plurality of water outlet holes (302) are respectively provided at both ends of the casing (3).
在上述加热器电极中，多个进水孔(301)分水环(201)、多个分水槽(102)、集水环(202)和多个出水孔(302)连通，构成冷却水通道(4)。In the above-mentioned heater electrode, a plurality of water inlet holes (301), a water dividing ring (201), a plurality of water dividing grooves (102), a water collecting ring (202) and a plurality of water outlet holes (302) are connected to form a cooling water channel (4).
在上述加热器电极中，内壳的厚度为：2～5mm。In the above heater electrode, the thickness of the inner shell is 2-5 mm.
在上述加热器电极中，加强环的外径与内壳的外径之差为：10～30mm。In the above heater electrode, the difference between the outer diameter of the reinforcement ring and the outer diameter of the inner shell is: 10-30mm.
在上述加热器电极中，加强筋的数量为：40～60条。In the above heater electrode, the number of reinforcing ribs is 40-60.
在上述加热器电极中，加强筋的宽为2～5mm，高为3～8mm。In the above-mentioned heater electrode, the width of the reinforcing rib is 2-5 mm, and the height is 3-8 mm.
在上述加热器电极中，In the above heater electrode,
分水环的宽度为10～25mm，深度为2～10mm；The width of the water separation ring is 10-25mm, and the depth is 2-10mm;
集水环的宽度为10～25mm，深度为2～10mm；The width of the water collection ring is 10-25mm, and the depth is 2-10mm;
分水环的截面积与集水环的截面积相同；The cross-sectional area of the water-distributing ring is the same as that of the water-collecting ring;
分水环的截面积大于多个分水槽的截面积之和。The cross-sectional area of the water-distributing ring is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of water-distributing grooves.
在上述加热器电极中，In the above heater electrode,
多个进水孔的截面积之和与多个出水孔的截面积之和相等；The sum of the cross-sectional areas of multiple water inlet holes is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of multiple water outlet holes;
多个进水孔的截面积之和与多个分水槽的截面积之和相等。The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of water inlet holes is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of water distribution grooves.
在上述加热器电极中，内壳、导流套和外壳相互之间的接触面采用焊接工艺连接。In the above-mentioned heater electrode, the contact surfaces among the inner shell, the flow guide sleeve and the outer shell are connected by welding process.
在上述加热器电极中，外壳的内壁面与第一加强环和第二加强环之间采用密封焊接。In the above-mentioned heater electrode, sealing welding is adopted between the inner wall surface of the shell and the first reinforcing ring and the second reinforcing ring.
本发明具有以下优点：The present invention has the following advantages:
本发明所述的加热器电极，在内壳的外壁面沿轴向均布有多条加强筋，加强筋长度与内壳外壁面长度相等，增加了内壳冷却面积，使冷却水能够均匀流动，增强了内壳抗热气流冲刷的性能。其次，内壳的厚度可以为2～5mm，相比传统电极，发明所述的加热器电极的内壳更薄，增强了内壳的散热性能。此外，内壳、导流套和外壳互相之间的接触面采用焊接工艺连接成一个整体，进一步增强内壳的散热性能和强度。In the heater electrode of the present invention, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed in the axial direction on the outer wall of the inner shell, and the length of the reinforcing ribs is equal to the length of the outer wall of the inner shell, which increases the cooling area of the inner shell and enables the cooling water to flow evenly , Enhance the performance of the inner shell against hot air erosion. Secondly, the thickness of the inner shell can be 2-5mm. Compared with the traditional electrode, the inner shell of the heater electrode described in the invention is thinner, which enhances the heat dissipation performance of the inner shell. In addition, the contact surfaces among the inner shell, the diversion sleeve and the outer shell are connected as a whole by welding process, which further enhances the heat dissipation performance and strength of the inner shell.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例中一种加热器电极的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heater electrode in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中一种内壳的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inner shell in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中一种内壳的截面图；Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an inner shell in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例中一种导流套的主视图；Fig. 4 is a front view of a flow guide sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例中一种外壳的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明公共的实施方式作进一步详细描述。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will further describe the public implementation manners of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参照图1，示出了本发明实施例中一种加热器电极的结构示意图。在本发明实施例中，所述加热器电极，包括：内壳1、导流套2和外壳3。其中，导流套2设置在内壳1的外侧，外壳3设置在导流套2的外侧。Referring to FIG. 1 , it shows a schematic structural view of a heater electrode in an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, the heater electrode includes: an inner shell 1 , a flow guide sleeve 2 and an outer shell 3 . Wherein, the flow guide sleeve 2 is arranged outside the inner shell 1 , and the outer shell 3 is arranged outside the flow guide sleeve 2 .
参照图2，示出了本发明实施例中一种内壳的结构示意图。参照图3，示出了本发明实施例中一种内壳的截面图。如图1～3，内壳1的内壁面可以为圆柱面。内壳1的外壁面沿轴向均布有多条加强筋101，加强筋的长度与内壳1的外壁面的长度相等；各条加强筋等间隔均布，相邻的两条加强筋之间形成一分水槽102。内壳1的两端分别设置有第一加强环103和第二加强环104。Referring to FIG. 2 , it shows a schematic structural diagram of an inner shell in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3 , it shows a cross-sectional view of an inner shell in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1-3, the inner wall surface of the inner shell 1 may be a cylindrical surface. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 101 are evenly distributed in the axial direction on the outer wall of the inner shell 1, and the length of the reinforcing ribs is equal to the length of the outer wall of the inner shell 1; A sub-water tank 102 is formed between them. Both ends of the inner shell 1 are provided with a first reinforcement ring 103 and a second reinforcement ring 104 respectively.
参照图4，示出了本发明实施例中一种导流套的主视图。如图1～4，导流套2固定在内壳1的外侧，导流套2的内壁面与各条加强筋的外壁面贴合。其中，导流套2的两端分别设置有分水环201和集水环202。Referring to FIG. 4 , it shows a front view of a flow guide sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the diversion sleeve 2 is fixed on the outer side of the inner shell 1, and the inner wall surface of the diversion sleeve 2 is attached to the outer wall surface of each reinforcing rib. Wherein, a water diversion ring 201 and a water collection ring 202 are respectively provided at both ends of the diversion sleeve 2 .
参照图5，示出了本发明实施例中一种外壳的结构示意图。如图1～5，外壳3固定在导流套2的外侧，外壳3的内壁面与导流套2的外壁面及内壳1的第一加强环103和第二加强环104密封固定；其中，外壳3的两端分别设置有多个进水孔301和多个出水孔302。Referring to FIG. 5 , it shows a schematic structural diagram of a casing in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the outer casing 3 is fixed on the outside of the diversion sleeve 2, and the inner wall surface of the outer casing 3 is sealed and fixed with the outer wall surface of the diversion sleeve 2 and the first reinforcement ring 103 and the second reinforcement ring 104 of the inner casing 1; , Two ends of the housing 3 are respectively provided with a plurality of water inlet holes 301 and a plurality of water outlet holes 302 .
优选的，多个进水孔301分水环201、多个分水槽102、集水环202和多个出水孔302连通，构成冷却水通道4。冷却水通过所述冷却水通道对内壳进行均匀的冷却。其中，冷却水通道需满足：在10MPa水压下不产生变形和渗漏。Preferably, the plurality of water inlet holes 301 and the water diversion ring 201 , the plurality of water diversion grooves 102 , the water collection ring 202 and the plurality of water outlet holes 302 are connected to form the cooling water channel 4 . Cooling water uniformly cools the inner shell through the cooling water channel. Among them, the cooling water channel needs to meet: no deformation and leakage under 10MPa water pressure.
需要说明的是，冷却水通道的截面积由冷却水流量和冷却水压力确定，冷却水流量和冷却水压力由内壳的内避免面的热流密度确定。It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of the cooling water channel is determined by the cooling water flow rate and cooling water pressure, and the cooling water flow rate and cooling water pressure are determined by the heat flux density of the inner avoiding surface of the inner shell.
优选的，内壳的厚度为：2～5mm。Preferably, the thickness of the inner shell is 2-5 mm.
优选的，加强环的外径与内壳的外径之差为：10～30mm。Preferably, the difference between the outer diameter of the reinforcing ring and the inner shell is 10-30mm.
优选的，加强筋的数量为：40～60条。Preferably, the number of reinforcing ribs is: 40-60.
优选的，加强筋的宽为2～5mm，高为3～8mm。Preferably, the ribs have a width of 2-5mm and a height of 3-8mm.
优选的，分水环的宽度为10～25mm，深度为2～10mm；集水环的宽度为10～25mm，深度为2～10mm；分水环的截面积与集水环的截面积相同；分水环的截面积大于多个分水槽的截面积之和。Preferably, the width of the water diversion ring is 10-25 mm, and the depth is 2-10 mm; the width of the water-collecting ring is 10-25 mm, and the depth is 2-10 mm; the cross-sectional area of the water-distributing ring is the same as that of the water-collecting ring; The cross-sectional area of the water-distributing ring is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of water-distributing grooves.
优选的，多个进水孔的截面积之和与多个出水孔的截面积之和相等；多个进水孔的截面积之和与多个分水槽的截面积之和相等。Preferably, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple water inlet holes is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple water outlet holes; the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple water inlet holes is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple water distribution grooves.
优选的，加强筋的宽度为2～5mm，高度为3～8mm；分水槽的宽度为2～5mm。Preferably, the width of the reinforcing rib is 2-5 mm, and the height is 3-8 mm; the width of the water diversion groove is 2-5 mm.
优选的，内壳、导流套和外壳相互之间的接触面采用焊接工艺连接(如，真空钎焊工艺)。Preferably, the contact surfaces of the inner shell, the flow guide sleeve and the outer shell are connected by a welding process (for example, a vacuum brazing process).
优选的，外壳的内壁面与第一加强环和第二加强环之间采用密封焊接。Preferably, sealing welding is adopted between the inner wall of the housing and the first reinforcement ring and the second reinforcement ring.
在本发明的一优选实施例中，In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
内壳可以采用纯铜或铜合金材料加工得到(选用原则为：熔点不低于900℃，热导率不低于300W·m-1·K-1，抗拉强度不低于280MPa)。进一步的，可以通过在内壳的外壁面上铣出多个分水槽，进而形成多条加强筋；或者，通过在内壳的外壁面上焊接多条加强筋，进而形成多个分水槽。The inner shell can be made of pure copper or copper alloy material (the selection principle is: the melting point is not lower than 900°C, the thermal conductivity is not lower than 300W·m -1 ·K -1 , and the tensile strength is not lower than 280MPa). Further, multiple water distribution grooves can be formed by milling a plurality of water distribution grooves on the outer wall of the inner shell, thereby forming multiple reinforcement ribs; or, by welding multiple reinforcement ribs on the outer wall surface of the inner casing, thereby forming multiple water distribution grooves.
导流套可以采用不锈钢或纯铜材料加工得到。导流套焊接在加强筋的外壁面上。The diversion sleeve can be made of stainless steel or pure copper. The diversion sleeve is welded on the outer wall surface of the stiffener.
外壳可以采用不锈钢材料加工得到。外壳的内壁面与导流套的外壁面及内壳的加强环焊接在一起。The shell can be obtained by processing stainless steel materials. The inner wall of the shell is welded together with the outer wall of the diversion sleeve and the reinforcing ring of the inner shell.
综上所述，本发明所述的加热器电极，在内壳的外壁面沿轴向均布有多条加强筋，加强筋长度与内壳外壁面长度相等，增加了内壳冷却面积，使冷却水能够均匀流动，增强了内壳抗热气流冲刷的性能。其次，内壳的厚度可以为2～5mm，相比传统电极，发明所述的加热器电极的内壳更薄，增强了内壳的散热性能。此外，内壳、导流套和外壳互相之间的接触面采用焊接工艺连接成一个整体，进一步增强内壳的散热性能和强度。通过本发明所述的加热器电极满足了高压大功率的运行需求，满足1：1全尺寸真实模型对气动热地面模拟试验的需求。To sum up, in the heater electrode of the present invention, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed in the axial direction on the outer wall of the inner shell, and the length of the reinforcing ribs is equal to the length of the outer wall of the inner shell, which increases the cooling area of the inner shell and makes The cooling water can flow evenly, which enhances the performance of the inner shell against hot air scour. Secondly, the thickness of the inner shell can be 2-5mm. Compared with the traditional electrode, the inner shell of the heater electrode described in the invention is thinner, which enhances the heat dissipation performance of the inner shell. In addition, the contact surfaces among the inner shell, the diversion sleeve and the outer shell are connected as a whole by welding process, which further enhances the heat dissipation performance and strength of the inner shell. The heater electrode of the present invention satisfies the operation requirement of high voltage and high power, and satisfies the requirement of a 1:1 full-scale real model for the aerodynamic thermal ground simulation test.
通过试验证明，本发明所述的加热器电极，可以在最大电弧电流5000A的工况下安全稳定运行。内壳能够承受10MPa的内部气流压力和10MPa的外部冷却水压力，内壳在冷却水的作用下能够承受10000℃气流冲刷；外壳能够承受10MPa的内部冷却水压力和10MPa轴向拉力；满足高压大功率加热器对电极的要求。Tests prove that the heater electrode of the present invention can operate safely and stably under the working condition of the maximum arc current of 5000A. The inner shell can withstand the internal airflow pressure of 10MPa and the external cooling water pressure of 10MPa. Under the action of cooling water, the inner shell can withstand the 10000°C airflow erosion; Power heater requirements for electrodes.
本说明中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.
以上所述，仅为本发明最佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only the best specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or modifications within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
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Application publication date: 20180525 |