CN113758672B - High-efficient water-cooling diffuser of electric arc wind tunnel - Google Patents
High-efficient water-cooling diffuser of electric arc wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113758672B CN113758672B CN202110987505.1A CN202110987505A CN113758672B CN 113758672 B CN113758672 B CN 113758672B CN 202110987505 A CN202110987505 A CN 202110987505A CN 113758672 B CN113758672 B CN 113758672B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 150
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric arc wind tunnel efficient water-cooling diffuser, belonging to the field of aerodynamic heat ground simulation test equipment; the device comprises a first diffuser, a second diffuser and a third diffuser; the first diffuser, the second diffuser and the third diffuser are mutually independent diffusers; the first diffuser comprises a first super-expansion section, a first equal-straight section and a first sub-expansion section; the second diffuser comprises a second super-expansion section, a second equal straight section and a second sub-expansion section; the third diffuser comprises a third super-expansion section, a third equal-straight section and a third sub-expansion section; the invention realizes that the recovery coefficient of the air flow field reaches more than 0.7, prolongs the running time of the wind tunnel to more than 3000s, and realizes that the pneumatic heating ground simulation test of the long-range aerospace vehicle can be smoothly implemented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerodynamic heat ground simulation test equipment, and relates to an efficient water-cooling diffuser for an arc wind tunnel.
Background
In the aerodynamic heat ground simulation experiment, an arc wind tunnel is a common test device, and can carry out a heating check test on a model of an aerospace vehicle. The high-temperature high-supersonic air flow generated by the arc heater in the wind tunnel system can reach several thousands of degrees or even tens of thousands of degrees, and the Mach number can reach more than 10. After the model is heated by the high-temperature high-ultrasonic-speed air flow, the model is required to be subjected to speed reduction and pressure increase through a diffuser, then enters a cooler for cooling, and finally enters a vacuum tank through a vacuum pipeline. Under the condition that the volume of the vacuum tank is fixed, the higher the recovery pressure of the air flow entering the vacuum system is, the higher the wind tunnel operation efficiency is, and the longer the operation time is. Therefore, in order to achieve a higher recovery coefficient, the aerodynamic profile of the diffuser must be reasonable, and the diffuser is a component with the largest length in the whole wind tunnel system, so that in the design process of the diffuser, on one hand, the aerodynamic profile must be reasonably planned, and on the other hand, the efficient cooling of the diffuser itself must be ensured, so that the wind tunnel can be smoothly started and run for a long time.
The domestic arc wind tunnel used before is small in scale, low in power and long in running time, and can only perform pneumatic heating assessment on a small-scale model. With the development of aerospace industry, new test requirements are continuously upgraded, a considerable model with the characteristic dimension of 500mm is required to be checked, so that a large arc wind tunnel is required to be built, the power of an arc heater reaches the order of 50MW, the running time reaches more than 3000s, the corresponding diffuser size is required to be increased, the diffusion efficiency of an air flow field reaches more than 0.7, and new requirements are provided for the design of the diffuser.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser for the arc wind tunnel is provided for overcoming the defects of the prior art, achieves that the recovery coefficient of an air flow field reaches more than 0.7, prolongs the running time of the wind tunnel to more than 3000s, and achieves that a long-range aeronautical and astronautical aircraft pneumatic heating ground simulation assessment test is smoothly implemented.
The solution of the invention is as follows:
an arc wind tunnel efficient water-cooling diffuser comprises a first diffuser, a second diffuser and a third diffuser; the first diffuser, the second diffuser and the third diffuser are mutually independent diffusers;
the first diffuser comprises a first super-expansion section, a first equal-straight section and a first sub-expansion section; the first super-expansion section and the first sub-expansion section are both cone section structures; the small diameter end of the first super-expansion section, the first equal straight section and the small diameter end of the first sub-expansion section are sequentially butted to form a first diffuser;
the second diffuser comprises a second super-expansion section, a second equal straight section and a second sub-expansion section; the second super-expansion section and the second sub-expansion section are both cone section structures; the small diameter end of the second super-expansion section, the second equal straight section and the small diameter end of the second sub-expansion section are sequentially butted to form a second diffuser;
the third diffuser comprises a third super-expansion section, a third equal-straight section and a third sub-expansion section; the third super-expansion section and the third sub-expansion section are both cone section structures; the small diameter end of the third super-expansion section, the third equal straight section and the small diameter end of the third sub-expansion section are sequentially butted to form a third diffuser;
the direction from the super-expansion section to the sub-expansion section is from the upstream to the downstream direction.
In the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser of the arc wind tunnel, the half cone angles of the super-expansion sections are all 8 degrees, and the wall thicknesses are all 10mm;
the inner diameter of the first super-expansion section is contracted from 1600mm to 1080mm; the axial length of the first super-expansion section is 1850mm; the first super-expansion section is axially divided into two sections with equal length, and the first super-expansion section and the second super-expansion section are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second super-expansion section is contracted from 1080mm to 864mm; the axial length is 768mm;
the inner diameter of the third super-expansion section is contracted from 864mm to 648mm; the axial length is 768mm.
In the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser of the arc wind tunnel, the equal straight sections are all in a straight cylinder structure;
the inner diameter of the first straight section is 1080mm; the axial length is 10800mm, and the wall thickness is 12mm; the first straight section is divided into 5 equal-length sections, and the first straight section, the second straight section, the third straight section, the fourth straight section and the fifth straight section are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second straight section is 864mm, the axial length is 8790mm, and the wall thickness is 12mm; the second equal straight section is divided into four equal length sections, namely a first equal straight section, a second equal straight section, a third equal straight section and a fourth equal straight section in sequence from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the third equal straight section is 648mm, the axial length is 6778mm, and the wall thickness is 10mm; the third equal straight section is divided into three equal length sections, namely a first equal straight section, a second equal straight section and a third equal straight section in sequence from the upstream to the downstream.
In the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser of the arc wind tunnel, the half cone angle of the sub-expansion section is 5 degrees;
the inner diameter of the first sub-expansion section expands from 1080mm to 2000mm; the wall thickness is 15mm; the first sub-expansion section is divided into three sections with different lengths, namely a first sub-expansion section first section with the axial length of 2000mm, a first sub-expansion section second section with the axial length of 1715mm and a first sub-expansion section third section with the axial length of 1543mm are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second sub-expansion section is expanded from 864mm to 1080mm, the axial length is 1242mm, and the wall thickness is 10mm;
the third sub-expansion section has an inner diameter of 648mm to 864mm, an axial length of 1242mm and a wall thickness of 10mm.
When the diameter of the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 1000mm, the first diffuser is abutted with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel; when the size of an outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 800mm, the first straight section in the first diffuser is replaced by the second diffuser, and then the first straight section is in butt joint with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel; when the size of the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 600mm, the first straight section in the first diffuser is replaced by the second diffuser, and the second straight section in the second diffuser is replaced by the third diffuser, so that the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is in butt joint.
In the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser of the arc wind tunnel, the axial end 2 of the super-expansion section is provided with a flange; flanges are arranged at the 2 ends of the equal straight sections; flanges are arranged at the 2 ends of the sub-expansion sections; the super-expansion section and the equal-straight section, and the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section are all in butt joint through flanges.
In each diffuser, 2 water collecting rings are arranged on the super-expansion section, the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section, each water collecting ring is positioned on the inner side of the corresponding flange, and the 2 water collecting rings are communicated through a water guide pipe.
In the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser of the arc wind tunnel, each water guide pipe is axially arranged on the outer wall of the diffuser along the diffuser, and the water guide pipes are uniformly distributed on the outer walls of the super-expansion section, the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section along the circumferential direction, so that the water guide pipes cover the outer wall of the diffuser; the spacing between every two adjacent 2 water guide pipes is 15mm.
In the high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser of the arc wind tunnel, 40 water guide pipes are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first section of the first super-expansion section; 36 water guide pipes are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the second section of the first super-expansion section; the outer wall of the first straight section is uniformly provided with 40 water guide pipes; 36 water guide pipes are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first subsection of the first sub-expansion section; the outer wall of the second section of the first sub-expansion section and the outer wall of the third section of the first sub-expansion section are uniformly distributed with 40 water guide pipes; the outer walls of the second super-expansion section, the second equal straight section and the second sub-expansion section are uniformly provided with 28 water guide pipes; and 21 water guide pipes are uniformly distributed on the outer walls of the third super-expansion section, the third equal-straight section and the third sub-expansion section.
The high-efficient water-cooling diffuser of electric arc wind tunnel above-mentioned, its characterized in that: the cooling process of the diffuser is as follows:
a first diffuser: cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the first super-expansion section and flows in the water collecting ring at the downstream of the first super-expansion section through a water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the first straight section and flows in from the water collecting ring at the downstream of the first straight section through the water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the first sub-expansion section and flows in from the water collecting ring at the downstream of the first sub-expansion section through a water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
a second diffuser:
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the second super-expansion section and flows in the water collecting ring at the downstream of the second super-expansion section through a water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the second straight section and flows in the water collecting ring at the downstream of the second straight section through the water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the second sub-expansion section and flows in the water collecting ring at the downstream of the second sub-expansion section through a water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
third diffuser:
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the third super-expansion section and flows in the water collecting ring at the downstream of the third super-expansion section through a water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the third equal straight section and flows in from the water collecting ring at the downstream of the third equal straight section through the water guide pipe; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring at the upstream of the third sub-expansion section and flows in from the water collecting ring at the downstream of the third sub-expansion section through a water guide pipe; cooling is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and leads the recovery coefficient of the empty flow field to reach more than 0.7;
(2) The invention solves the interchangeability among three sets of straight sections with different diameters and the like;
(3) The invention ensures that the diffuser is uniformly cooled in all directions and has good cooling effect;
(4) The diffuser is of a vacuum thin shell structure, and each segment is ensured not to be unstable and deformed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3 water cooled diffuser according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling water flow conduit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the water guide pipe of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
The invention provides an efficient water-cooling diffuser of an arc wind tunnel, which is an important component in the arc wind tunnel with the phi of 1m, can enable the recovery coefficient of an air flow field to reach more than 0.7, prolong the running time of the wind tunnel to more than 3000s, and enable a long-range aeronautical and astronautical aircraft pneumatic heating ground simulation test to be implemented smoothly.
The water-cooled diffuser, as shown in fig. 1, specifically comprises a first diffuser 1, a second diffuser 2 and a third diffuser 3; the first diffuser 1, the second diffuser 2 and the third diffuser 3 are mutually independent diffusers;
wherein the first diffuser 1 comprises a first super-expansion section 11, a first straight section 12 and a first sub-expansion section 13; the first super-expansion section 11 and the first sub-expansion section 13 are both cone-section structures; the small diameter end of the first super-expansion section 11, the first equi-straight section 12 and the small diameter end of the first sub-expansion section 13 are sequentially butted to form the first diffuser 1.
The second diffuser 2 comprises a second super-expansion section 21, a second straight section 22 and a second sub-expansion section 23; the second super-expansion section 21 and the second sub-expansion section 23 are both cone-section structures; the small diameter end of the second super-expansion section 21, the second straight section 22 and the small diameter end of the second sub-expansion section 23 are sequentially butted to form the second diffuser 2.
The third diffuser 3 comprises a third super-expansion section 31, a third iso-straight section 32 and a third sub-expansion section 33; the third super-expansion section 31 and the third sub-expansion section 33 are both cone-section structures; the small diameter end of the third super-expansion section 31, the third equal straight section 32 and the small diameter end of the third sub-expansion section 33 are sequentially butted to form the third diffuser 3.
The direction from the super-expansion section to the sub-expansion section is from the upstream to the downstream direction. The sections are connected by bolts, the flange end face is provided with a seam allowance and a sealing groove which can be matched with each other, and the vacuum sealing is carried out by a silicon rubber sealing ring.
Wherein, the half cone angles of the super-expansion sections are all 8 degrees, and the wall thicknesses are all 10mm;
the inner diameter of the first super-expansion section 11 is contracted from 1600mm to 1080mm; the axial length of the first super-expansion section 11 is 1850mm; the first super-expansion section 11 is axially divided into two equal-length sections, namely a first section of the first super-expansion section 11 and a second section of the first super-expansion section 11 in sequence from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second super-expansion section 21 is contracted from 1080mm to 864mm; the axial length is 768mm;
the inner diameter of the third super-expansion section 31 is contracted from 864mm to 648mm; the axial length is 768mm.
The equal straight sections are all in a straight cylinder structure;
the first straight section 12 has an inner diameter of 1080mm; the axial length is 10800mm, and the wall thickness is 12mm; the first straight section 12 is divided into 5 equal length sections, and the first straight section 12, the second straight section 12, the third straight section 12, the fourth straight section 12 and the fifth straight section 12 are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the second straight section 22 has an inner diameter of 864mm, an axial length of 8790mm and a wall thickness of 12mm; the second equal straight section 22 is divided into four equal length sections, namely a first section of the second equal straight section 22, a second section of the second equal straight section 22, a third section of the second equal straight section 22 and a fourth section of the second equal straight section 22 in sequence from the upstream to the downstream;
the third straight section 32 has an inner diameter of 648mm, an axial length of 6778mm and a wall thickness of 10mm; the third equal straight section 32 is divided into three equal length sections, namely a first section of the third equal straight section 32, a second section of the third equal straight section 32 and a third section of the third equal straight section 32 in sequence from the upstream to the downstream.
The half cone angle of the sub-expansion section is 5 degrees;
the inner diameter of the first sub-expansion section 13 expands from 1080mm to 2000mm; the wall thickness is 15mm; the first sub-expansion section 13 is divided into three sections with different lengths, namely a first sub-expansion section 13 with an axial length of 2000mm, a first sub-expansion section 13 with an axial length of 1715mm, a second sub-expansion section 13 with an axial length of 1543mm and a third sub-expansion section 13 with an axial length of 1543mm are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second sub-expansion section 23 is expanded from 864mm to 1080mm, the axial length is 1242mm, and the wall thickness is 10mm;
the third sub-expansion section 33 has an inner diameter of 648mm to 864mm, an axial length of 1242mm and a wall thickness of 10mm.
When the diameter of the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 1000mm, the first diffuser 1 is adopted to be in butt joint with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel; when the size of the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 800mm, the first straight section 12 in the first diffuser 1 is replaced by the second diffuser 2, and then the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is in butt joint; when the size of the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 600mm, the first straight section 12 in the first diffuser 1 is replaced by the second diffuser 2, and the second straight section 22 in the second diffuser 2 is replaced by the third diffuser 3, and then the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is in butt joint with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel.
As shown in fig. 2, in each diffuser, the axial 2 end of the super-diffuser section is provided with a flange 14; the 2 ends of the equal straight sections are provided with flanges 14; the 2 ends of the sub-expansion sections are provided with flanges 14; the super-expansion section and the equal-straight section, and the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section are all in butt joint through the flange 14. In each diffuser, 2 water collecting rings 15 are arranged on the super-expansion section, the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section, each water collecting ring 15 is positioned on the inner side of the corresponding flange 14, and the 2 water collecting rings 15 are communicated through a water guide pipe 16. The diffuser is characterized in that each section of the diffuser is provided with a water collecting ring 15 close to the flange 14, a certain number of arc-shaped water guide pipes 16 are uniformly distributed between the upstream water collecting ring 15 and the downstream water collecting ring 15, each arc-shaped water guide pipe 16 is of a tile structure, the arc-shaped radius of each arc-shaped water guide pipe 16 is 130mm, the chord length is 80mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, and the length of each water guide groove is determined by the specific section length.
As shown in fig. 3, each water guide pipe 16 is axially arranged on the outer wall of the diffuser along the diffuser, and the water guide pipes 16 are uniformly distributed on the outer walls of the super-expansion section, the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section along the circumferential direction, so that the water guide pipes 16 cover the outer wall of the diffuser; the distance between every two adjacent 2 water guide pipes 16 is 15mm, and the pressure measuring and connecting pipe nozzles can be conveniently distributed. .
Specifically, 40 water guide pipes 16 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first section of the first super-expansion section 11; 36 water guide pipes 16 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the second section of the first super-expansion section 11; 40 water guide pipes 16 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first straight section 12; 36 water guide pipes 16 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first subsection of the first sub-expansion section 13; the outer wall of the second section of the first sub-expansion section 13 and the outer wall of the third section of the first sub-expansion section 13 are uniformly provided with 40 water guide pipes 16; the outer walls of the second super-expansion section 21, the second equal straight section 22 and the second sub-expansion section 23 are uniformly provided with 28 water guide pipes 16; the outer walls of the third super-expansion section 31, the third equal-straight section 32 and the third sub-expansion section 33 are uniformly distributed with 21 water guide pipes 16.
4M 72X 2 filler neck are respectively and uniformly distributed on the upper and lower water collecting rings of each segment of the diffuser along the 45-degree direction. The cooling water enters the upstream water collecting ring from the upstream water inlet pipe and is mixed, then flows to the downstream water collecting ring through the water guiding groove, is collected by the water collecting ring and flows back to the cooling water circulating system through the downstream 4 water outlet pipe nozzles. The specific cooling process of the diffuser is as follows:
the first diffuser 1: cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring 15 at the upstream of the first super-expansion section 11 and flows into the water collecting ring 15 at the downstream of the first super-expansion section 11 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring 15 at the upstream of the first straight section 12 and flows into the water collecting ring 15 at the downstream of the first straight section 12 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring 15 at the upstream of the first sub-expansion section 13 and flows into the water collecting ring 15 at the downstream of the first sub-expansion section 13 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
the second diffuser 2:
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring 15 at the upstream of the second super-expansion section 21 and flows into the water collecting ring 15 at the downstream of the second super-expansion section 21 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collection ring 15 upstream of the second straight section 22, flows in the water collection ring 15 downstream of the second straight section 22 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collection ring 15 upstream of the second sub-expansion section 23 and flows into the water collection ring 15 downstream of the second sub-expansion section 23 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
third diffuser 3:
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring 15 at the upstream of the third super-expansion section 31 and flows into the water collecting ring 15 at the downstream of the third super-expansion section 31 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring 15 upstream of the third equal straight section 32 and flows into the water collecting ring 15 downstream of the third equal straight section 32 through the water guide pipe 16; cooling is realized;
cooling water flows from the water collection ring 15 upstream of the third sub-expansion section 33, through the water conduit 16 into the water collection ring 15 downstream of the third sub-expansion section 33; cooling is achieved.
The uppermost part of the water collecting rings at the two sides of each section of the diffuser is provided with an inner diameterIs provided. Can also be used as an inlet and outlet water temperature measuring interface when needed.
In order to enhance stability, reinforcing rings with the thickness of 25mm and the height of about 80mm are additionally arranged at the center of each section with the equal length exceeding 1500mm, such as each straight section and each sub-expanded section.
M16 eye screws are arranged on flanges on two sides of each section of the diffuser for hoisting when equipment is installed.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An arc wind tunnel high-efficiency water-cooling diffuser is characterized in that: comprises a first diffuser (1), a second diffuser (2) and a third diffuser (3); the first diffuser (1), the second diffuser (2) and the third diffuser (3) are mutually independent diffusers;
the first diffuser (1) comprises a first super-expansion section (11), a first straight section (12) and a first sub-expansion section (13); the first super-expansion section (11) and the first sub-expansion section (13) are both cone-section structures; the small diameter end of the first super-expansion section (11), the first straight section (12) and the small diameter end of the first sub-expansion section (13) are sequentially butted to form a first diffuser (1);
the second diffuser (2) comprises a second super-expansion section (21), a second straight section (22) and a second sub-expansion section (23); the second super-expansion section (21) and the second sub-expansion section (23) are both cone-section structures; the small diameter end of the second super-expansion section (21), the second straight section (22) and the small diameter end of the second sub-expansion section (23) are sequentially butted to form a second diffuser (2);
the third diffuser (3) comprises a third super-expansion section (31), a third equal straight section (32) and a third sub-expansion section (33); the third super-expansion section (31) and the third sub-expansion section (33) are both cone-section structures; the small diameter end of the third super-expansion section (31), the third equal-straight section (32) and the small diameter end of the third sub-expansion section (33) are sequentially butted to form a third diffuser (3);
the direction from the super-expansion section to the sub-expansion section is from the upstream to the downstream;
in each diffuser, the axial end 2 of the super-expansion section is provided with a flange (14); the 2 ends of the equal straight sections are provided with flanges (14); flanges (14) are arranged at the 2 ends of the sub-expansion sections; the super-expansion section and the equal-straight section, and the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section are all in butt joint through a flange (14);
in each diffuser, 2 water collecting rings (15) are arranged on the super-expansion section, the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section, each water collecting ring (15) is positioned at the inner side of the corresponding flange (14), and the 2 water collecting rings (15) are communicated through a water guide pipe (16);
each water guide pipe (16) is axially arranged on the outer wall of the diffuser along the diffuser, and the water guide pipes (16) are uniformly distributed on the outer walls of the super-expansion section, the equal-straight section and the sub-expansion section along the circumferential direction, so that the water guide pipes (16) cover the outer wall of the diffuser; the distance between every two adjacent 2 water guide pipes (16) is 15mm.
2. The arc wind tunnel high efficiency water cooled diffuser of claim 1, wherein: the half cone angles of the super-expansion sections are all 8 degrees, and the wall thicknesses are all 10mm;
the inner diameter of the first super-expansion section (11) is contracted from 1600mm to 1080mm; the axial length of the first super-expansion section (11) is 1850mm; the first super-expansion section (11) is axially divided into two equal-length sections, and the first super-expansion section (11) and the second super-expansion section (11) are sequentially divided into a first section and a second section from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second super-expansion section (21) is contracted from 1080mm to 864mm; the axial length is 768mm;
the inner diameter of the third super-expansion section (31) is contracted from 864mm to 648mm; the axial length is 768mm.
3. The arc wind tunnel high efficiency water cooled diffuser of claim 2, wherein: the equal straight sections are of straight cylinder structures;
the inner diameter of the first straight section (12) is 1080mm; the axial length is 10800mm, and the wall thickness is 12mm;
the first straight section (12) is divided into 5 equal length sections, and the first straight section (12), the second straight section (12), the third straight section (12), the fourth straight section (12) and the fifth straight section (12) are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the second straight section (22) has an inner diameter of 864mm, an axial length of 8790mm and a wall thickness of 12mm;
the second straight section (22) is divided into four equal-length sections, namely a first section of the second straight section (22), a second section of the second straight section (22), a third section of the second straight section (22) and a fourth section of the second straight section (22) in sequence from the upstream to the downstream;
the third straight section (32) has an inner diameter of 648mm, an axial length of 6778mm and a wall thickness of 10mm; the third equal straight section (32) is divided into three equal length sections, namely a first section of the third equal straight section (32), a second section of the third equal straight section (32) and a third section of the third equal straight section (32) in sequence from the upstream to the downstream.
4. The high efficiency water cooled diffuser of an arc wind tunnel of claim 3, wherein: the half cone angle of the sub-expansion section is 5 degrees;
the inner diameter of the first sub-expansion section (13) expands from 1080mm to 2000mm; the wall thickness is 15mm; the first sub-expansion section (13) is divided into three sections with different lengths, namely a first sub-expansion section (13) with the axial length of 2000mm, a second sub-expansion section (13) with the axial length of 1715mm and a third sub-expansion section (13) with the axial length of 1543mm are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream;
the inner diameter of the second sub-expansion section (23) is expanded from 864mm to 1080mm, the axial length is 1242mm, and the wall thickness is 10mm;
the third sub-expansion section (33) has an inner diameter of 648mm to 864mm, an axial length of 1242mm and a wall thickness of 10mm.
5. The high efficiency water cooled diffuser of an arc wind tunnel of claim 4, wherein: when the diameter of an outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 1000mm, adopting a first diffuser (1) to be in butt joint with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel; when the size of an outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 800mm, the first straight section (12) in the first diffuser (1) is replaced by the second diffuser (2), and then the first straight section is in butt joint with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel; when the size of an outlet of the external arc wind tunnel is 600mm, the first straight section (12) in the first diffuser (1) is replaced by the second diffuser (2), and the second straight section (22) in the second diffuser (2) is replaced by the third diffuser (3), and then the external arc wind tunnel is in butt joint with the outlet of the external arc wind tunnel.
6. The high efficiency water cooled diffuser of an arc wind tunnel of claim 5, wherein: 40 water guide pipes (16) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first subsection of the first super-expansion section (11); 36 water guide pipes (16) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the second section of the first super-expansion section (11); 40 water guide pipes (16) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first straight section (12); 36 water guide pipes (16) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first subsection of the first sub-expansion section (13); the outer wall of the second subsection of the first sub-expansion section (13) and the outer wall of the third subsection of the first sub-expansion section (13) are uniformly provided with 40 water guide pipes (16); the outer walls of the second super-expansion section (21), the second equal straight section (22) and the second sub-expansion section (23) are uniformly provided with 28 water guide pipes (16); and 21 water guide pipes (16) are uniformly distributed on the outer walls of the third super-expansion section (31), the third equal straight section (32) and the third sub-expansion section (33).
7. The arc wind tunnel high efficiency water cooled diffuser of claim 6, wherein: the cooling process of the diffuser is as follows:
first diffuser (1): cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the first super-expansion section (11), and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the first super-expansion section (11) through a water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the first straight section (12), and flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the first straight section (12) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the first sub-expansion section (13) and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the first sub-expansion section (13) through a water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
second diffuser (2):
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the second super-expansion section (21) and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the second super-expansion section (21) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the second straight section (22), and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the second straight section (22) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the second sub-expansion section (23), and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the second sub-expansion section (23) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
third diffuser (3):
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the third super-expansion section (31), and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the third super-expansion section (31) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the third equal straight section (32), and flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the third equal straight section (32) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is realized;
cooling water flows in from the water collecting ring (15) at the upstream of the third sub-expansion section (33), and flows in the water collecting ring (15) at the downstream of the third sub-expansion section (33) through the water guide pipe (16); cooling is achieved.
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