CN106482923B - A kind of flow field calibration test device suitable under hot environment - Google Patents
A kind of flow field calibration test device suitable under hot environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106482923B CN106482923B CN201610967122.7A CN201610967122A CN106482923B CN 106482923 B CN106482923 B CN 106482923B CN 201610967122 A CN201610967122 A CN 201610967122A CN 106482923 B CN106482923 B CN 106482923B
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- water
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- cooling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flow fields suitable under hot environment to demarcate test device, the device includes tapered sleeve and the multiple and pressure sensor and the interior heat flow transducer for setting water-cooling channel that are installed on tapered sleeve, the first collecting ring is set in tapered sleeve, second collecting ring and hollow water-cooled conduit, in axial direction variable cross-section designs cooling water conduit, one end of all water cooling conduits is connected with the first collecting ring, the other end is connected with the second collecting ring, first collecting ring is towards being provided with multiple inlet openings inside tapered sleeve, second collecting ring is towards being provided with multiple apopores inside tapered sleeve, cold water passes through water inlet pipe, inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space, it is pooled in the second collecting ring along hollow water-cooled conduit again, apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe, realize that water is cooling.The test device can bear the severe thermal environment of high temperature, big hot-fluid for a long time, complete hot-fluid and pressure test and the calibration of designated position, provide flow field Calibration Data to carry out combustion gas stream test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flow fields under a kind of hot environment to demarcate test device, belongs to the examination of aircraft ground combustion gas stream wind-tunnel
Test technical field.
Background technique
With the continuous improvement of aircraft flight Mach number, orbit maneuver and in-orbit flight time, in order to examine and survey
The hot load-carrying properties of test flight device and its component under high temperature and high speed flox condition, domestic and international research institution be all evolving and
Ground simulation test technology and ability are improved, to provide technical support for the evaluation of course of new aircraft thermal protection system.
Ground gas stream wind-tunnel is one of the test equipment for carrying out high temperature and high speed flowing test, using oxygen and kerosene as firing
Material generates high temperature supersonic airstream by supersonic nozzle, carries out hot examination to device in experimental cabin.
Before carrying out formal wind tunnel test, needs stream field quality and device to stream situation and demarcated, need to survey at this time
Trial assembly is placed in experimental rig installation site, obtains the flow-field test value of key position to evaluate whether flow field condition meets test
It is required that.Has the characteristics that high temperature high fever for combustion gas stream wind-tunnel flox condition, it is desirable that flow-field test device has can be for a long time
The high temperature and high speed impact for bearing fluid, that is, require it with solar heat protection or from cooling capacity.
Limitation existing for existing air tunnel testing device is mainly manifested in that the testing time is short, and the existing wind tunnel test time is short,
Test device need to only meet the operation demand of short time, and application environment, the i.e. 200MW combustion gas stream wind tunnel operation time of the invention
It is long, hundreds of second-times are reached, need to test and demarcate the flow parameter and stability of Flow Field in Wind Tunnel, it is desirable that test device has height
The ability of long-play under the conditions of heat carries.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the present invention is the flow field mark under overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of hot environment
Determine test device, realizes that typical structure device under combustion gas stream wind-tunnel high temperature and high speed flox condition, can bear high fever for a long time
It carries, completes hot-fluid and pressure test and the calibration of designated position, provide flow field Calibration Data to carry out combustion gas stream test.
The object of the invention is achieved by the following technical programs: a kind of flow field calibration test suitable under hot environment
Device, including tapered sleeve, the multiple heat flow transducers and multiple pressure sensors that are installed on tapered sleeve, wherein
Tapered sleeve is hollow ball cone, and tapered sleeve inner wall semi-cone angle is greater than the semi-cone angle of tapered sleeve outer wall, bores at bulb at the top of tapered sleeve
Pars intramuralis is provided with the first collecting ring centered on the axis of cone, bores pars intramuralis by positon of near bottom and is provided with the second collecting ring；The cone wall of tapered sleeve
Internal circumferential is provided with multiple mutually independent hollow water-cooled conduits along bus, and cooling water conduit is in axial direction arranged, sectional area
It remaining unchanged, one end of all water cooling conduits is connected with the first collecting ring, and the other end is connected with the second collecting ring, the
One collecting ring is towards being provided with multiple inlet openings inside tapered sleeve, the second collecting ring is towards being provided with multiple apopores, cold water inside tapered sleeve
By water inlet pipe, the inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space, then is pooled to the second collection along hollow water-cooled conduit
In water ring, the apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe.
The heat flow transducer is water card type heat flux sensor, cold in such a way that center water inlet impact plus pipeline are cooling
But.
The area A of the water cooling conduit are as follows:
A=(qS)/(v ρ cpΔT)
In formula, q is maximum heat flow density, S is test device exterior surface area, v cooling water mean flow rate, the cooling watertight of ρ
Degree, cpCooling water specific heat capacity, Δ T are cooling water temperature drop.
In the case where keeping sectional area constant, in axial direction cross sectional shape is variable for cooling water conduit.
Inlet opening on first collecting ring is ellipse.
The tapered sleeve outer wall that one of heat flow transducer is installed at tapered sleeve bulb stationary point, other heat flow transducers are uniformly distributed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1), the present invention carries out thermal protection to the flow-field test device under the conditions of combustion gas stream by the way of water cooling, guarantees to survey
The severe thermal environment that can be used in long-time, high temperature, big hot-fluid is set in trial assembly；
(2), the present invention is designed by the structure to test device internal water cooling channel, in given cooling water pressure condition
Under, cooling water water inlet diameter and flow velocity are designed, to guarantee cooling effect, guarantees that cooling water is flowed through with certain flow and flow rate
The harsh region of the thermal environments such as end, front bulkhead, meets thermal protection requirement.
(3), heat flow transducer of the present invention use water-cooling structure, reduce the temperature of sensor body, make its high temperature,
It works long hours under big heat-flux conditions.
(4), the inlet opening on the first collecting ring of the invention is designed as ellipse, can save space.
(5), the present invention demarcates test device Reasonable Arrangement water card type heat flux sensor and high temperature resistant pressure sensing in flow field
Device, it is ensured that normal work of test device under the conditions of combustion gas stream high temperature and high speed, and complete the survey of designated position hot-fluid and pressure
Amount, provides the Calibration Data of flow field quality for combustion gas stream wind tunnel test.To carry out combustion gas stream wind tunnel test, flow field product are evaluated
Matter provides reliable technical guarantee.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow field of embodiment of the present invention calibration test device overall structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is water cooling conduit and water inlet sectional view at section A of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is water cooling conduit sectional view at the F of section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is flow field of embodiment of the present invention calibration test device water inlet arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is flow field of embodiment of the present invention calibration test device water outlet arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the second collecting ring and water outlet sectional view at the I of section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is flow field of embodiment of the present invention calibration test device heat flow transducer structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 successively gives a kind of water cooling plant overall structure diagram, water cooling conduit schematic cross-section, cooling
Water import/export schematic diagram.As shown, flow field calibration test device is tapered sleeve form, tapered sleeve is hollow ball cone, tapered sleeve inner wall
2 semi-cone angles are greater than the semi-cone angle of tapered sleeve outer wall 1, are provided with the first collecting ring at the top of tapered sleeve at bulb centered on the axis of cone, in bottom end
Portion is provided with the second collecting ring；Tapered sleeve internal circumferential is provided with multiple mutually independent hollow water-cooled conduits, cooling water conduit along bus
It being designed along axial variable cross-section, cooling trough sectional area remains unchanged, and one end of all water cooling conduits is connected with the first collecting ring,
The other end is connected with the second collecting ring, and the second collecting ring is provided with multiple inlet openings towards tapered sleeve inner wall, the second collecting ring towards
Tapered sleeve inner wall is provided with multiple apopores, and for cold water by water inlet pipe 3, the inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters bulb hollow space,
It is pooled in the second collecting ring along hollow water-cooled conduit again, the apopore through the second collecting ring is flowed out by outlet pipe；Water cassette
Heat flow transducer 4 is for testing hot-fluid, and one of heat flow transducer is located at tapered sleeve bulb stationary point, other heat flow transducers are equal
The tapered sleeve outer wall of cloth.
Heat-flow measurement is carried out using water card type heat flux sensor, water card heat flow transducer measures heat using fluid flowing
Stream, the water of certain flow flow through gauge head, calculate heat flow density according to the variation of water temperature.In addition to entire test device has used water
It is cooling outer, cooling water is in addition individually controlled again in test surfaces flowing reaches thermal balance.Its hot-fluid calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, ρw、Cp,wRespectively water density, specific heat,For cooling water flow, Δ T is the cooling water outlet and inlet temperature difference, and S is
Heating surface (area) (HS.
Fig. 7 gives flow field calibration test device heat flow transducer structural schematic diagram.Heat flow transducer includes thermal insulation overcoat
21, copper plug 22, steel bushing 23, water inlet pipe 25 and outlet pipe 24.21 sets of thermal insulation overcoat outside steel bushing 23 and copper plug 22, steel bushing and copper
For plug to be threadedly coupled, the connection type between pipeline and steel bushing and pipeline is welding, is equipped with a cavity inside steel bushing 23, into
Water pipe 25 and outlet pipe 24 are connected to cavity, and cold water enters cavity by water inlet pipe, then is flowed out by outlet pipe.
It can be red copper that test device material of main part is demarcated in flow field, be weldingly connected between each component of main body, heat flow transducer with
Apparatus main body screw thread adds glue connection, and apparatus main body is connect with mounting bracket by flange in the bottom.
Keep water-cooling groove sectional area constant, it is ensured that the flowing velocity of cooling water in water cooling conduit, to guarantee to cool down
Effect；Wherein cross-sectional area A is determined by parameters such as heating surface area, heat flow density, cooling water flow velocity, cooling water temperature drops, specifically
Formula are as follows:
A=(qS)/(v ρ cpΔT)
In formula, q indicates that maximum heat flow density, S indicate heating surface (area) (HS, v cooling water mean flow rate, ρ cooling water density, cpIt is cold
But water specific heat capacity, Δ T cooling water temperature drop, that is, cooling water outlet temperature and water inlet temperature difference.
Cooling water intake setting is in tapered sleeve bulb inner wall, with the water impact bulb stationary point of higher speed to be optimal
Cooling effect, cooling water flow to ball cone bottom through the conical surface, are discharged by bottom water outlet.
Embodiment
The ball cone that a kind of water cooling plant is Probe-radius 50mm, 9 ° of semi-cone angle, base diameter are 260mm, stationary point design heat
Flow valuve is set as 20MW/m2, and stationary point target heat flux value is the heat flow value that stagnation region can bear, and is filled by wind-tunnel flow parameter and test
It sets geometry to determine, conical surface target heat flux is 10MW/m2, and conical surface target heat flux refers to the conical surface region institute energy in addition to stagnation region
The heat flow value of receiving is determined that pressure measurement range is 10~2000kPa by wind-tunnel flow parameter and test device geometry,
Heat-flow measurement range is 0.3~20MW/m2, time of measuring >=100s, cooling water pressure≤8atm；Cooling water flow≤20kg/
s。
To describe clearly definition cylindrical coordinate, using bulb stationary point as coordinate origin, device axis is x-axis, and stationary point is to bottom
For positive direction of the x-axis, along positive direction of the x-axis, 90 ° of interval is followed successively by I, II, III and IV quadrant clockwise.
Cooling-water duct is processed inside tapered sleeve, circumferential to be evenly distributed with 16 cooling water conduits, cooling water is flowed to along device bus.Base
Shape is bored in the ball of device, cone body diameter is gradually increased along axial direction, and in the identical situation of inside and outside wall semi-cone angle, cooling-water duct is cut
Area is also gradually increased along axial direction, and cooling water flow velocity reduces, and reduces cooling efficiency.To guarantee that cooling water flow velocity is constant, to water cooling
Channel carries out cross-section design, specifically: keep the rib thickness between adjacent water-cooling channel constant, device outer wall semi-cone angle is
9 °, inner wall semi-cone angle be 9.52 °.Axially different position cross-sectional structure schematic diagram is as shown in Figures 2 and 3, and wherein Fig. 2 is bulb
Neighbouring cross-sectional view, Fig. 3 are cooling water intake cross-sectional view nearby.Meet under the conditions of the heat flow density of stationary point to dress
The cooling set, it is desirable that cooling water flow velocity >=10m/s.
Cooling water intake is separately positioned on inclined IV45 ° of device bulb region III and the inclined II45 ° of position I.To adapt to bulb
Inner space and meet cooling water water inlet flow rates demand, cooling water inlet pipe intersect with device section be it is oval, cooling water is intake
Internal equivalent diameter 20mm.For meeting cooling water enters water flow velocity and space requirement simultaneously, cooling water such as water lines are designed as variable cross-section,
It is designed as ellipse in bulb position such as aquaporin section, as shown in Fig. 2, cone body region enters aquaporin section for circle.
In bottom of device, the opener water ring at away from bottom of device 15mm is circumferential that 8 internal diameters are arranged for cooling water outlet setting
For 10mm water outlet.
I is evenly distributed with 4 sensors, sensor axial spacing 130mm, the nearest sensing away from small end to each bus of IV quadrant is axial
Device is away from stationary point 95.5mm.Heat flow transducer is mounted on I, III quadrant bus, and pressure sensor is mounted on II, IV quadrant bus.
Pressure measurement uses pressure sensor, and pressure tap installation pressure sensor, pressure tap outer diameter are opened in tested device
For 2mm.
Ball cone water cooling plant need to be mounted in water cooled holder, and water cooling plant bottom outer diameter is 260mm, outside water cooled holder end face
Diameter is 250mm, and outer diameter 250mm is welded in inner conical drogue bottom, the annulus of thickness 20mm is used as the connection with water cooled holder.Water cooling plant with
Water cooled holder is connected using 12 circumferentially uniformly distributed 13 screws of Ф, and screw centerline diameter is 200mm, is spaced 30 °.
After tested, above-mentioned flow field calibration test device can obtain reliable fluid field pressure under 20MW/m2 heat-flux conditions
With the measurement data of hot-fluid, runing time is not less than 100s.
The above, a specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, appoints
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all by what those familiar with the art
It is covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
1. test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field suitable under hot environment, it is characterised in that: including tapered sleeve, be installed on tapered sleeve
Multiple heat flow transducers and multiple pressure sensors, wherein
Tapered sleeve is hollow ball cone, and tapered sleeve inner wall semi-cone angle is greater than the semi-cone angle of tapered sleeve outer wall, bores in wall at bulb at the top of tapered sleeve
Portion is provided with the first collecting ring centered on the axis of cone, bores pars intramuralis by positon of near bottom and is provided with the second collecting ring；The cone pars intramuralis of tapered sleeve
Circumferential to be provided with multiple mutually independent hollow water-cooled conduits along bus, cooling water conduit is in axial direction arranged, and sectional area is kept
It is constant, keep the rib thickness between adjacent water-cooling channel constant, one end of all water cooling conduits is connected with the first collecting ring,
The other end is connected with the second collecting ring, and towards being provided with multiple inlet openings inside tapered sleeve, second catchments anchor ring the first collecting ring
Multiple apopores are provided with inside to tapered sleeve, by water inlet pipe, the inlet opening through the first collecting ring enters absolutely empty in bulb cooling water
Between, then be pooled in the second collecting ring along hollow water-cooled conduit, the apopore through the second collecting ring passes through outlet pipe and flows out.
2. test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field suitable under hot environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating heat flow transducer is water card type heat flux sensor, cooling in such a way that center water inlet impact plus pipeline are cooling.
3. test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field suitable under hot environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the area A of water cooling conduit are as follows:
A=(qS)/(v ρ cpΔT)
In formula, q is maximum heat flow density, S is test device exterior surface area, v cooling water mean flow rate, ρ cooling water density, cp
Cooling water specific heat capacity, Δ T are cooling water temperature drop, i.e. cooling water outlet temperature and water inlet temperature difference.
4. test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field suitable under hot environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the case where keeping sectional area constant, in axial direction cross sectional shape is variable for cooling water conduit.
5. test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field suitable under hot environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The inlet opening on the first collecting ring is stated as ellipse.
6. test device is demarcated in a kind of flow field suitable under hot environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that its
In a heat flow transducer is installed at tapered sleeve bulb stationary point, other heat flow transducers are uniformly distributed tapered sleeve outer wall.
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