CN106476838A - A kind of normal contact prevents the method for steel spring fracture and vertical backstop - Google Patents
A kind of normal contact prevents the method for steel spring fracture and vertical backstop Download PDFInfo
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- CN106476838A CN106476838A CN201510538082.XA CN201510538082A CN106476838A CN 106476838 A CN106476838 A CN 106476838A CN 201510538082 A CN201510538082 A CN 201510538082A CN 106476838 A CN106476838 A CN 106476838A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/301—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating metal springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/305—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating rubber springs
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Abstract
A kind of normal contact prevents the method for steel spring fracture and vertical backstop, sets rotational-like rubber boss above body of rubber, and when locomotive is unloaded, rubber boss is just contacted with framework guide；The diameter of regulation rubber boss and body of rubber or the rigidity that highly can adjust vertical backstop；Adjust the angle between annular flat segments and the horizontal plane in body of rubber, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted；Rubber boss is connected by annular arc section with body of rubber, and the hop count adjusting the annular arc section of vertical backstop can adjust the number of times of vertical backstop variation rigidity；Base is embedded in the body of rubber of vertical backstop, enables base that vertical backstop is carried out spacing, and the height of adjusting base can adjust the rigidity of the spacing position of vertical backstop and vertical backstop；Reduce, by adjusting rigidity, variation rigidity and the spacing position of vertical backstop, the vertical load that steel spring bears, reduce the metal fatigue of steel spring generation during locomotive operation, thus preventing steel spring from rupturing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of buffer unit on locomotive is and in particular to a kind of vertical backstop of buffer train series hanging system.
Background technology
At present, in railway locomotive manufacture process, it is widely used spring assembly and is carried and vibration damping, as the critical component of locomotive, it has important impact to the dynamic performance of vehicle and riding quality to spring.With railway speed increase, heavily loaded implementation, the fault affecting locomotive operation performance because of spring breakage gradually increases, and the bad stability of locomotive operation causes hidden danger to traffic safety.
Steel spring directly over locomotive axle box is one of main parts size of bogie, and steel spring bears the locomotive weight of more than bogie frame.Steel spring transmits the vertical stiffness of the rigidity referred to as single stage suspension of vertical force, in addition, also having Longitudinal stiffness and transverse stiffness to be delivered to bogie frame in single stage suspension.The vertical stiffness of single stage suspension, Longitudinal stiffness and transverse stiffness will select appropriately, and locomotive just can have good dynamic performance.
Steel spring is to work in the environment of complicated and load are continually changing, and in vertical, vertical and horizontal the power of single stage suspension, the vertical pressure being continually changing is the main cause allowing steel spring produce metal fatigue.Change of vibration during locomotive operation and load etc. all can make steel spring bear the vertical pressure of change, the vertical pressure of this change can make steel spring local produce metal fatigue through long-time accumulation, so that steel spring local produces fine crack, gradually extended by fine crack again, ultimately result in steel spring local fracture and lost efficacy.
For preventing steel spring from rupturing, in addition to improving the technique manufacturing steel spring itself and material, elastic buffering mechanism can also be increased in primary spring, to reduce the vertical load that steel spring bears, the metal fatigue that during reduction locomotive operation, steel spring produces, thus prevent steel spring from rupturing.
Although now with locomotive on increased the lateral pressure that block rubber to buffer single stage suspension as vertical backstop, its shape and material are all single, therefore lack variation rigidity and the regulation for rigidity is very limited.And variation rigidity all has a significant impact for the comfort level preventing passenger on steel spring fracture and locomotive：The amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop is excessive, then the resistance to shock of locomotive is poor, and the comfort level of passenger is also just poor；The amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop is too small although resistance to shock share can not vertical load that steel spring bear more preferably but well, is also just difficult to prevent steel spring from rupturing.
Vertical backstop therefore how is made to have suitable variation rigidity and rigidity, locomotive is allowed can effectively to prevent steel spring from rupturing on the premise of not reducing degree of passenger comfort, thus meeting people's higher and higher requirement to locomotive, also allow railway speed increase, heavily loaded strategy can more smoothly implement simultaneously, also need to study further.
Find that following patent and the present invention have similarity by domestic retrieval：
Application No. 201420559352.6, the utility model of entitled " a kind of rail vehicle truck and its single pull rod type single stage suspension structure " discloses a kind of rail vehicle truck and its single pull rod type single stage suspension structure, it is vertical backstop that single pull rod type single stage suspension structure includes framework, axle box, primary spring and one, and framework is provided with guide groove and the first location hole；Axle box is provided with backstop erecting bed；Primary spring includes primary spring seat and steel spring group, and one end of primary spring seat has the spacing preiection being limited in the first positioning in the hole, and the other end has backstop guide pillar；Also include the first cushion pad being arranged between upper cover plate and primary spring seat, it is coated at spacing preiection；Second cushion pad, axle box is provided with mounting groove on the end face of upper cover plate, and the second cushion pad is arranged in mounting groove, and one end of steel spring group is offseted with primary spring seat, and the other end is offseted with the second cushion pad.This utility model passes through the first cushion pad and the second cushion pad can buffer the impulsive force that primary spring is subject to, thus buffering the vertical vibration of primary spring generation, and then improves the service life of primary spring.
Application No. 201020542266.6, it is elastic positioning device that the utility model of entitled " rail vehicle one is elastic positioning device " discloses a kind of rail vehicle one, the flexibly positioned combination of axle box one is taken to be the composite structured of vertical backstop, to optimize axle-box locating rigidity and to ensure that bogie has high Instability speed.It is increase elastic buffer backstop in vertical spring assembly one, to avoid one to be when vertical load is excessive or one to be for wheel, larger rigid shock to be formed to positions such as, axle boxes when damping means lost efficacy.One be elastic positioning device be arranged on bogie frame and axletree vertical between, include pivoted arm axle box and the primary spring device being arranged at axle box top.Caoutchouc elasticity node installation is passed through in framework in one end of axle box, and its other end is connected with framework by a vertical damper.Described primary spring device, has train wheel bridge and lower plate, and the Coiled coil spring compressing installation between train wheel bridge and lower plate.In the inner ring of Coiled coil spring, train wheel bridge bottom, one rubber backstop is connected by overall sulfuration process.
Application No. 200820186834.6, the utility model of entitled " railway vehicle bogie primary-suspension spring mechanism " discloses a kind of railway vehicle bogie primary-suspension spring mechanism, interior including be nested with one heart, on outer spring and spring, lower positioning seat, on spring, positioning seat is connected with bogie frame, under spring, positioning seat is connected with bogie positioning arm, there is one be fixed on positioning seat under spring and the coaxial mounted flexible block with spring, during no-load, this flexible block is to the distance being less than the deformation of spring maximum compression apart from sum of distance and this flexible block maximum compression deformation of positioning seat on spring.When overload of vehicle or dynamic loading are excessive, flexible block available buffer lateral pressure, it is to avoid spring kills or collides and lead to spring breakage, thus improve the vertical stiffness of spring and the service life extending spring.When spring surprisingly ruptures, this flexible block can be as safety supports it is ensured that the driving safety of rail vehicle.
Although above-mentioned patent has the elastic buffering mechanism being contained in steel spring, the structure of above-mentioned elastic buffering mechanism does not simply enable variation rigidity, and the regulation of rigidity also can be limited by itself structure." impulsive force that primary spring is subject to can be buffered by the first cushion pad and the second cushion pad, thus buffering the vertical vibration of primary spring generation, and then improve the service life of primary spring " is mentioned in the patent of Application No. 201420559352.6." being increase elastic buffer backstop in vertical spring assembly one, to avoid one to be when vertical load is excessive or one to be for wheel, larger rigid shock to be formed to positions such as, axle boxes when damping means lost efficacy " is mentioned in the patent of Application No. 201020542266.6.And mention " when spring surprisingly ruptures, this flexible block can be as safety supports it is ensured that the driving safety of rail vehicle " in the patent of Application No. 200820186834.6.As can be seen here, various elastic buffering mechanisms in above-mentioned patent are not due to adjusting the structure of variation rigidity, and its structure simply makes the regulation of rigidity also be restricted, therefore, it is difficult to effectively reducing the metal fatigue of steel spring, still it is difficult to increase substantially the ability of the Resisting fractre of steel spring, so how more efficiently prevent steel spring fracture from also needing to probe into further.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：Change for load during locomotive operation and vibration etc. all can make steel spring bear the vertical pressure of change, and the vertical pressure changing can make steel spring local produce metal fatigue through long-time accumulation, so that steel spring local produces fine crack, gradually extended by fine crack again, ultimately result in steel spring local fracture, and propose vertical backstop to be installed in steel spring to prevent steel spring from rupturing.
For the problems referred to above, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is：A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring fracture, sets rotational-like rubber boss above body of rubber, and when locomotive is unloaded, rubber boss is just contacted with framework guide；Adjust the diameter of rubber boss or height can adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop, adjust the diameter of body of rubber or height also can adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop；Annular flat segments and annular arc section are set on body of rubber, adjusts the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted；Rubber boss is connected by annular arc section with body of rubber, and the hop count adjusting the annular arc section of vertical backstop can adjust the number of times of vertical backstop variation rigidity；Base is embedded in the body of rubber of vertical backstop, enables base that vertical backstop is carried out spacing, and the height of adjusting base can adjust the rigidity of the spacing position of vertical backstop and vertical backstop；Reduce, by adjusting rigidity, variation rigidity and the spacing position of vertical backstop, the vertical load that steel spring bears, reduce the metal fatigue of steel spring generation during locomotive operation, thus preventing steel spring from rupturing.
Further, setting rotational-like rubber boss above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is round table-like rubber boss, and rubber boss includes boss top and outside the boss；The diameter increasing rubber boss can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop, and the height increasing rubber boss can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop；A diameter of 15mm-50mm at boss top, the height of rubber boss is 6mm-30mm；Angle between boss top and outside the boss is more than 90 degree, reduces the angle between boss top and outside the boss, can increase the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop, and the angle between boss top and outside the boss is 100 degree of -150 degree.
Further, setting rotational-like rubber boss above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is rubber boss that bus is outwardly smoothed curve；The diameter increasing rubber boss can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop, and the height increasing rubber boss can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop；A diameter of 20mm-60mm of rubber boss, the height of rubber boss is 6mm-30mm.
Further, annular flat segments and annular arc section are set on body of rubber, the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane is more than or equal to 90 degree, reduces the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, can increase the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop；The hop count increasing the annular arc section setting in vertical backstop can increase the number of times of vertical backstop variation rigidity.
Further, the diameter increasing body of rubber can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop, and the height increasing body of rubber can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop；A diameter of 80mm-95mm of body of rubber.
Further, the base of metal is embedded in the lower end of body of rubber, when body of rubber and rubber boss are subject to the pressure of vertical load to produce deformation and move down, base can limit body of rubber and rubber boss moves further downward, thus playing vertical spacing effect；The height of adjusting base, can adjust vertical backstop and carry out spacing position；And the height of increase base, the rigidity of vertical backstop can be increased, the height of base is 30mm-70mm.
A kind of vertical backstop preventing steel spring fracture, vertical backstop is located in steel spring, and vertical backstop includes body of rubber, rubber boss and base；It is provided with rotational-like rubber boss, body of rubber is provided with annular flat segments and annular arc section above body of rubber；Rubber boss is connected by annular arc section with body of rubber, and the lower end of body of rubber is provided with base, and the bottom of body of rubber is provided with shrinkage pool；Body of rubber, rubber boss and base are an entirety.
Further, being provided with rotational-like rubber boss above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is round table-like rubber boss, and rubber boss includes boss top and outside the boss, a diameter of 15mm-50mm at boss top, and the height of rubber boss is 6mm-30mm, and the angle between boss top and outside the boss is more than 90 degree.
Further, being provided with rotational-like rubber boss above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is the rubber boss that bus is outwardly smoothed curve, a diameter of 20mm-60mm of rubber boss, and the height of rubber boss is 6mm-30mm.
Further, base is revolving body, and base includes base body and base chimb；The thickness of base body upper end is less than the thickness of base body lower end, and the middle part in the outside of base body is provided with base chimb, and base chimb protrudes laterally；The height of base is 30mm-70mm, and to be embedded in the corner of the base in body of rubber be all smooth circular arc chamfering.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1. rubber boss be increased on body of rubber, also increase the height of vertical backstop, vertical backstop is just contacted with framework guide in zero load, so that vertical backstop can be borne by part vertical load during locomotive is unloaded to locomotive maximum load, the metal fatigue that steel spring produces during locomotive operation can preferably be reduced, thus preventing steel spring from rupturing.
2. vertical backstop is contained in steel spring, and the rubber boss of vertical backstop is just contacted with framework guide in zero load, make between vertical backstop and framework guide, to reduce relative slip, rubber boss can be reduced because producing abrasion relative to slip with framework guide, the useful life of vertical backstop can be extended.
3. vertical backstop is made up of body of rubber, rubber boss and base, body of rubber and rubber boss are a monoblock rubber, body of rubber and base one entirety is sulfided under certain temperature and pressure by adhesive so that entirely vertical stop configurations tight, firm.
4. adjust the angle on body of rubber and rubber boss, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted, adjust diameter and the height of body of rubber, the rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted, vertical backstop is made to have variation rigidity more by a small margin and less rigidity under small loads, so as to increase the comfort level of passenger；And make vertical backstop have variation rigidity by a relatively large margin and larger rigidity under a large load, thus allowing vertical backstop bear more vertical loads, reducing the metal fatigue that steel spring produces, effectively preventing steel spring from rupturing.
5. it is embedded with the base that metal is made in body of rubber, and vertical backstop can be adjusted and carry out spacing position by the height of adjusting base, even if so that the situation of steel spring fracture occurs, vertical backstop also can be as safety supports it is ensured that the driving safety of rail locomotive.
6. in vertical backstop：Energy is by the diameter of regulation body of rubber and rubber boss and height, and the height of adjusting base, to adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop；The variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between every section in body of rubber annular flat segments and horizontal plane；The number of times of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted by adjusting the hop count of annular arc section；Vertical backstop can be adjusted and carries out spacing position by the height of adjusting base；So that by the variation rigidity, rigidity and the spacing position that adjust vertical backstop, allow vertical backstop adapt to the locomotive of different model, different loads, so applied widely, the highly versatile of this vertical backstop.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional schematic one of embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic two of embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is the axonometric chart of embodiment one；
Fig. 4 is the stiffness curve figure of embodiment one；
Fig. 5 applies the structural representation in steel spring for embodiment one；
Fig. 6 is the perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram one of embodiment two；
Fig. 7 is the perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram two of embodiment two；
In figure：1 vertical backstop, 11 body of rubber, 111 first annular flat segments, 112 second annular flat segments, 113 the 3rd annular flat segments, 114 shrinkage pools, 115 annular arc sections, 12 rubber boss, 121 boss tops, 122 outside the boss, 123 buses, 13 bases, 131 base body, 132 base chimbs, 2 steel springs, 3 framework guides, 4 positioning bases, 5 axle boxes, 6 bogie frames.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is done with the description of a step：
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 5, axle box 5 is fixedly arranged above positioning base 4, above positioning base 4, it is provided with the steel spring 2 of Coiled coil shape, steel spring 2 supports the locomotive weight of bogie frame more than 6.In order to reduce the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears, reducing the metal fatigue of steel spring 2 generation during locomotive operation, thus preventing steel spring 2 from rupturing, steel spring 2 being provided with vertical backstop 1.The base chimb 132 of vertical backstop 1 and positioning base 4 mutually push up, because vertical backstop 1 and positioning base 4 are all revolving bodies so that vertical backstop 1 can be stuck in positioning base 4.It is provided with framework guide 3 in the surface of vertical backstop 1, locomotive is in zero load, the rubber boss 12 of vertical backstop 1 is just contacted with framework guide 3, and in whole process from zero load to maximum load for the locomotive, the load of primary spring is all supported jointly by steel spring 2 and vertical backstop 1, so that vertical backstop 1 can preferably reduce the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears.
Although the rigidity increasing vertical backstop 1 can preferably reduce the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears, vertical backstop 1 rigidity is excessive, and locomotive has the risk of derailing, also can reduce vibration damping, the noise reduction of locomotive, also can reduce the comfort level of passenger.Therefore in order to allow vertical backstop 1 both be avoided that locomotive derailed, improve the comfort level of the vibration damping, anti-acoustic capability and passenger of locomotive, the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears can be reduced well again, effectively prevent steel spring 2 from rupturing it is necessary to meet claimed below：The initial rigidity of vertical first backstop 1 is little, and when initial, the amplitude of variation rigidity will less so that vertical backstop 1 just can have good effectiveness in vibration suppression when initial；When pushing further then as framework guide 3, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 will be able to constantly increase, and the speed of the now increase of rigidity is very fast, the amplitude of variation rigidity will be gradually increased, after making framework guide 3 push certain distance, vertical backstop 1 can share larger vertical load, thus reducing the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears, and ensure overload operating mode lower drive mechanism and wheel between position relationship will not deteriorate.
In whole process from zero load to maximum load for this locomotive, the structure that the load of primary spring is all supported jointly by steel spring 2 and vertical backstop 1, vertical backstop 1 can be enable preferably to share the load of primary spring, thus preferably reducing the metal fatigue that steel spring 2 during locomotive operation produces, preferably prevent steel spring 2 from rupturing.The ratio of the distance that the rigidity of the vertical backstop 1 of the present embodiment is exactly the load born of vertical backstop 1 to be moved down with the boss top 121 of vertical backstop 1.The stiffness curve of vertical backstop 1 is as shown in figure 4, vertical backstop 1 deformation in Fig. 4 refers to the distance that the boss top 121 of vertical backstop 1 moves down.
As shown in figure 4, the load that vertical backstop 1 is born is when 0 starts to increase, stiffness curve is very gentle, and initial stiffness curve is close to linear.That is, the initial rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is less, and the speed that rigidity increases is very slow.Such characteristic can allow vertical backstop 1 have good effectiveness in vibration suppression, can prevent locomotive from derailing, and passenger has good comfort level.
In the present embodiment, the increase of the load born with vertical backstop 1, when load is more than 2KN, rigidity gradually assumes non-linear increase that is to say, that gradually assuming variation rigidity.And load just above 2KN when, the distance that boss top 121 moves down often increases a certain amount, for example, often increase 1mm, corresponding load increase is less.That is, now less to the amplitude of the variation rigidity of backstop, the speed that rigidity increases is slower.Such characteristic can allow vertical backstop 1 have preferable effectiveness in vibration suppression, and passenger can be allowed to have good comfort level, can effectively prevent steel spring 2 from rupturing simultaneously.
And when vertical backstop 1 bears big load, such as, when more than 8KN, the distance that boss top 121 moves down often increases a certain amount, for example, often increase 1mm, corresponding load increases larger.That is, now the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is larger, the speed that rigidity increases.Such characteristic can allow vertical backstop 1 share more load, preferably reduces the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears, thus more effectively preventing steel spring 2 from rupturing.
In addition, because load when locomotive different automobile types are unloaded is different, and different automobile types maximum load is also different, it is different for the initial rigidity of vertical backstop 1 and the requirement of variation rigidity on therefore different locomotives, and the requirement that different locomotive changes with the increase of load to rigidity is also different.So the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 and rigidity need flexibly be adjusted, to meet the specific requirement of different types of locomotive.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, vertical backstop 1 is axisymmetric revolving body, and vertical backstop 1 includes body of rubber 11, rubber boss 12 and base 13, and rubber boss 12 includes boss top 121 and outside the boss 122, and rubber boss 12 is round table-like.Angle between boss top 121 and outside the boss 122 is angle A, and first annular flat segments 111 are angle B with the angle of horizontal plane.Reduce the angle of angle A and angle B, the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be increased；Conversely, increasing the angle of angle A and angle B, the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be reduced.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a diameter of D1 of rubber boss 12, the height of rubber boss 12 is H, a diameter of D2 of body of rubber 11, increases the rigidity that D1 and D2 can increase vertical backstop 1, increases the height of body of rubber 11 and H can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop 1；Conversely, reducing the rigidity that D1 and D2 can reduce vertical backstop 1, reducing the height of body of rubber 11 and H can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop 1.
" the initial rigidity of vertical first backstop 1 is little; and when initial; the amplitude of variation rigidity is less " that vertical backstop 1 should meet that the above mentions and initial when, framework guide 3 pushes and rubber boss 12 can be allowed first to deform upon, and to provide rigidity and variation rigidity for vertical backstop 1.Therefore rubber boss 12 wants the value of reasonable distribution D1 and H so that the initial rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is less, and the value of angle A and angle B should larger so that the amplitude of the initial variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is less.As Figure 1-3, the preferred value of D1 is 15mm-50mm, and the preferred value of D2 is 80mm-95mm, and the preferred value of H is 6mm-30mm；The preferred value of angle A is 100 degree of -150 degree, and the preferred value of angle B is 135 degree of -165 degree.
The rubber boss 12 of vertical backstop 1 and body of rubber 11 are a monoblock rubber, and the base 13 that body of rubber 11 and metal are made is to be sulfided into an entirety under certain temperature and pressure by adhesive.More than 2 sections of annular flat segments are set on body of rubber 11, and adjacent annular flat segments annular arc section 115 is connected, rubber boss 12, body of rubber 11 and base 13 are an entirety.
As shown in Fig. 2 the height increasing body of rubber 11 can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop 1, the diameter increasing body of rubber 11 can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop 1.Conversely, the height reducing body of rubber 11 can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop 1, the diameter reducing body of rubber 11 can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop 1.3 sections of annular flat segments are had, the vertical length of first annular flat segments 111 is H1, the vertical length of the second annular flat segments 112 is H2, the length of the 3rd annular flat segments 113 is H3 in the present embodiment.Wherein the preferred value of H1 is 5mm-10mm, and the preferred value of H2 is 10mm-40mm, and the preferred value of H3 is 15mm-60mm.
Between every section of annular flat segments and horizontal plane, rigidity when body of rubber 11 can be made to be pushed by framework guide 3 in a certain angle is in nonlinear change that is to say, that body of rubber 11 can be allowed to produce variation rigidity.Multistage can make body of rubber 11 produce multiple variation rigidity horizontal by the annular flat segments of different angles.Angle between every section of annular flat segments and horizontal plane is all higher than or is equal to 90 degree, increasing the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, can reduce the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1, thus improving the effectiveness in vibration suppression of vertical backstop 1, improving the comfort level of passenger.Conversely, reducing the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be increased so that when the distance that moves down of boss top 121 is less, rigidity can increase faster.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the angle between first annular flat segments 111 and horizontal plane is B, and the angle between the second annular flat segments 112 and horizontal plane is C.Angle between 3rd annular flat segments 113 and horizontal plane is 90 degree.The initial rigidity that the above mentions locomotive is little, and the amplitude of initial variation rigidity is less, and increases the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, can reduce the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1.Again because the deformation of body of rubber 11 is from the beginning of boss top 121, therefore should be greater than the angle of angle C closer to the angle of the angle B at boss top 121, just can make the less initial variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 acquisition amplitude.The optimized angle of angle B is 135 degree of -165 degree, and the optimized angle of angle C is 100 degree of -140 degree.
The number of the angle in body of rubber 11 and rubber boss 12 in vertical backstop 1 is equal to the number of times of vertical backstop 1 variation rigidity.Increase the hop count of the annular flat segments in vertical backstop 1, the number of times of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be increased.The hop count of the annular flat segments in body of rubber 11 in the present embodiment is 3, and defines 2 angles between 3 sections of annular flat segments.And rubber boss 12 is also to be connected by 1 section of annular arc section 115 with body of rubber 11, also form 1 angle herein.In addition the angle A between boss top 121 and outside the boss 122 is also 1 angle.So having 4 angles on the body of rubber 11 of vertical backstop 1 and rubber boss 12, therefore in the present embodiment, the number of times of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is 4.
And the angle of the angle between annular flat segments constant when, the position of the annular arc section 115 in body of rubber 11 depends on the length of annular flat segments, annular arc section 115 location is also angle location in body of rubber 11, therefore adjust the length of any one section of annular flat segments in body of rubber 11, the position of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be adjusted.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, base 13 is revolving body, and base 13 includes base body 131 and base chimb 132；The thickness of base body 131 upper end is less than the thickness of base body 131 lower end, and the middle part in the outside of base body 131 is provided with base chimb 132, and base chimb 132 protrudes laterally.Base 13 is embedded in body of rubber 11, and it is sulfided into an entirety with body of rubber 11, for reducing the stress concentration of base 13 and body of rubber 11 junction, prevent from producing during long-term use gap between base 13 and body of rubber 11, smooth circular arc chamfering has all been processed in the corner of the base 13 being embedded in body of rubber 11.
The base 13 of metal is arranged on the lower end of body of rubber 11, when the pressure that body of rubber 11 upper end is subject to vertical load produces deformation and moves down, base 13 can limit body of rubber 11 upper end and move further downward, thus playing vertical spacing effect.The height of therefore adjusting base 13, can adjust vertical backstop 1 and carry out spacing position, the preferred value of the height H6 of base 13 is 30mm-70mm.
Base 13 is embedded in body of rubber 11, and the base body 131 of especially base chimb 132 top has extend in body of rubber 11, and the distance on the top of base body 131 top to base chimb 132 is H5.The value of H5 is bigger, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 bigger that is to say, that increase base 13 height, be especially to increase the height of H5, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be increased.Conversely, reducing the height of base 13, especially reducing the height of H5, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be reduced, the preferred value of H5 is 10mm-45mm.
Because base 13 is made up of the big metal of hardness, vertical spacing effect can be played, the therefore body of rubber 11 below the top of base body 131 hardly produces impact to the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 and variation rigidity.So manufacture for convenience during vertical backstop 1 being injected hot rubber, also for the consumptive material reducing rubber, it is provided with a shrinkage pool 114 in the centre position of body of rubber 11 bottom.Although hardly the rigidity on vertical backstop 1 and variation rigidity produce impact to the height H4 of shrinkage pool 114, the value too conference of H4 affects the firmness that body of rubber 11 is combined with base 13, and therefore H4 can not be contour with H6, and the preferred value of H4 is 10mm-30mm.
In sum, vertical backstop 1 is by the diameter of regulation body of rubber 11 and rubber boss 12 and height, and the height of adjusting base 13, to adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop 1；By adjusting the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane in body of rubber 11, and outside the boss 122 and the angle at boss top 121, to adjust the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1；By adjusting the hop count of annular arc section 115, to adjust the number of times of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1；By the height of adjusting base 13, to adjust vertical backstop 1 and to carry out spacing position；By adjusting the number of times of the rigidity, variation rigidity and variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1, the position of variation rigidity and the spacing position of vertical backstop 1 are reducing the vertical load that steel spring 2 bears, thus preferably reducing the metal fatigue that steel spring 2 during locomotive operation produces, more effectively prevent steel spring 2 from rupturing.
Embodiment two
As shown in fig. 6, being with embodiment one difference：Rotational-like rubber boss 12 above body of rubber 11 is no longer round table-like, but the bus 123 of rotational-like rubber boss 12 is outwardly smoothed curve.As shown in fig. 7, the diameter D3 of rubber boss 12 refers to the diameter of rubber boss 12 bottom, different from the diameter that the diameter D1 of rubber boss 12 in embodiment one refers to rubber boss 12 top.In the present embodiment, the preferred value of the diameter D3 of rubber boss 12 is 20mm-60mm.
Bus 123 is the rotational-like rubber boss 12 of outwardly smoothed curve, increase in locomotive load, during framework guide 3 pushes, the stiffness curve of vertical backstop 1 can be made more smooth, thus more effectively preventing the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 from increasing suddenly, can preferably damping.Simultaneously, rubber boss 12 in the present embodiment row does not have boss top 121 and outside the boss 122 intersection corner sharp like that in embodiment one, rubber boss 12 therefore in the present embodiment is subject to framework guide 3 extruding to be less prone to stress concentration, so the service life of rubber boss 12 can be extended when producing deformation.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the vertical backstop 1 in vertical backstop 1 and embodiment one in the present embodiment, in addition to the shape and structure difference of rubber boss 12, the structure and parameter of remainder is just as, the various corresponding angle therefore in the present embodiment and the value of height with identical in embodiment one.
The stiffness curve of the present embodiment refers to Fig. 4, this is because rubber boss 12 is mainly under side crops industry when initial for the locomotive to the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 and the impact of variation rigidity, and is mainly provided by body of rubber 11 to the rigidity of backstop 1 and variation rigidity under a large load.The therefore stiffness curve of the present embodiment and the stiffness curve of embodiment one, have difference slightly, during big load, stiffness curve is consistent at the side crops industry only when initial.
It will be apparent that on the premise of without departing from principle of the present invention, some improvement made or modification are regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of normal contact prevents the method for steel spring fracture it is characterised in that in body of rubber（11）Top sets rotational-like rubber boss（12）, the rubber boss when locomotive is unloaded（12）Just with framework guide（3）Contact；
Adjust rubber boss（12）Diameter or height can adjust vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, adjust body of rubber（11）Diameter or height also can adjust vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；
In body of rubber（11）On set annular flat segments and annular arc section（115）, adjust the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, vertical backstop can be adjusted（1）Variation rigidity；
Rubber boss（12）With body of rubber（11）By annular arc section（115）Connect, adjust vertical backstop（1）Annular arc section（115）Hop count can adjust vertical backstop（1）The number of times of variation rigidity；
Base（13）It is embedded in vertical backstop（1）Body of rubber（11）In, make base（13）Can be to vertical backstop（1）Carry out spacing, adjusting base（13）Height can adjust vertical backstop（1）Spacing position and vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；
By adjusting vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, variation rigidity and spacing position to be reducing steel spring（2）The vertical load bearing, reduces steel spring during locomotive operation（2）The metal fatigue producing, thus prevent steel spring（2）Fracture.
2. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method for steel spring fracture it is characterised in that in body of rubber（11）Top sets rotational-like rubber boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For round table-like rubber boss（12）, rubber boss（12）Including boss top（121）And outside the boss（122）；
Increase rubber boss（12）Diameter can increase vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, increase rubber boss（12）Height can reduce vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；Boss top（121）A diameter of 15mm-50mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-30mm；
Boss top（121）With outside the boss（122）Between angle be more than 90 degree, reduction boss top（121）With outside the boss（122）Between angle, vertical backstop can be increased（1）Variation rigidity amplitude, boss top（121）With outside the boss（122）Between angle be 100 degree -150 degree.
3. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method for steel spring fracture it is characterised in that in body of rubber（11）Top sets rotational-like rubber boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For bus（123）It is the rubber boss of outwardly smoothed curve（12）；
Increase rubber boss（12）Diameter can increase vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, increase rubber boss（12）Height can reduce vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；
Rubber boss（12）A diameter of 20mm-60mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-30mm.
4. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method for steel spring fracture it is characterised in that in body of rubber（11）On set annular flat segments and annular arc section（115）, angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane is more than or equal to 90 degree, reduces the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, can increase vertical backstop（1）Variation rigidity amplitude；Increase vertical backstop（1）On the annular arc section that sets（115）Hop count can increase vertical backstop（1）The number of times of variation rigidity.
5. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method for steel spring fracture it is characterised in that increasing body of rubber（11）Diameter can increase vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, increase body of rubber（11）Height can reduce vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；Body of rubber（11）A diameter of 80mm-95mm.
6. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method for steel spring fracture it is characterised in that base by metal（13）It is embedded in body of rubber（11）Lower end, work as body of rubber（11）With rubber boss（12）When being produced deformation by the pressure of vertical load and moving down, base（13）Body of rubber can be limited（11）With rubber boss（12）Move further downward, thus playing vertical spacing effect；
Adjusting base（13）Height, vertical backstop can be adjusted（1）Carry out spacing position；And increase base（13）Height, vertical backstop can be increased（1）Rigidity, base（13）Height be 30mm-70mm.
7. a kind of vertical backstop preventing steel spring fracture, vertical backstop（1）Positioned at steel spring（2）In it is characterised in that vertical backstop（1）Including body of rubber（11）, rubber boss（12）And base（13）；Body of rubber（11）Top is provided with rotational-like rubber boss（12）, body of rubber（11）It is provided with annular flat segments and annular arc section（115）；Rubber boss（12）With body of rubber（11）By annular arc section（115）Connect, body of rubber（11）Lower end be provided with base（13）, body of rubber（11）Bottom be provided with shrinkage pool（114）；Body of rubber（11）, rubber boss（12）And base（13）It is an entirety.
8. a kind of vertical backstop preventing steel spring fracture according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that body of rubber（11）Top is provided with rotational-like rubber boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For round table-like rubber boss（12）, rubber boss（12）Including boss top（121）And outside the boss（122）, boss top（121）A diameter of 15mm-50mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-30mm, boss top（121）With outside the boss（122）Between angle be more than 90 degree.
9. a kind of vertical backstop preventing steel spring fracture according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that body of rubber（11）Top is provided with rotational-like rubber boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For bus（123）It is the rubber boss of outwardly smoothed curve（12）, rubber boss（12）A diameter of 20mm-60mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-30mm.
10. a kind of vertical backstop preventing steel spring fracture according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that base（13）For revolving body, base（13）Including base body（131）With base chimb（132）；Base body（131）The thickness of upper end is less than base body（131）The thickness of lower end, base body（131）The middle part in outside be provided with base chimb（132）, base chimb（132）Protrude laterally；Base（13）Height be 30mm-70mm, and be embedded in body of rubber（11）In base（13）Corner be all smooth circular arc chamfering.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510538082.XA CN106476838B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop |
| EP16174694.6A EP3135553B1 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-06-16 | Method to prevent rupture of steel spring |
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| CN201510538082.XA CN106476838B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop |
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| EP (1) | EP3135553B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106476838B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113719580A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-30 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for improving service performance of transverse stop |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107901939B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2024-03-26 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Bogie and self-adaptive rotating arm positioning device thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3135553A1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
| EP3135553B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
| CN106476838B (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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