CN106476838B - A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop - Google Patents
A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop Download PDFInfo
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- CN106476838B CN106476838B CN201510538082.XA CN201510538082A CN106476838B CN 106476838 B CN106476838 B CN 106476838B CN 201510538082 A CN201510538082 A CN 201510538082A CN 106476838 B CN106476838 B CN 106476838B
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- rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/301—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating metal springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/305—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating rubber springs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop, set rotational-like rubber boss, rubber boss is just contacted with framework guide tube in locomotive zero load above body of rubber；It adjusts the diameter of rubber boss and body of rubber or can highly adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop；The annular flat segments in body of rubber and the angle between horizontal plane are adjusted, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted；Rubber boss is connect with body of rubber by annular arc section, is adjusted the hop count of the annular arc section of vertical backstop and can be adjusted the number of vertical backstop variation rigidity；Pedestal enables pedestal to limit vertical backstop in the body of rubber of vertical backstop, and the height of adjustment base can adjust the rigidity of the position and vertical backstop of vertical backstop limit；Reduce the vertical load that steel spring is born by adjusting rigidity, variation rigidity and the position of limit of vertical backstop, the metal fatigue of steel spring generation during locomotive operation is reduced, to prevent steel spring to be broken.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the buffer units on a kind of locomotive, and in particular to a kind of buffer train series hanging system is hung down
To backstop.
Background technology
Currently, in railway locomotive manufacturing process, it is widely used spring assembly and carries out carrying and vibration damping, spring is as locomotive
Critical component, dynamic performance and riding quality to vehicle have important influence.With railway speed increase, heavy duty strategy
Implementation, the failure that locomotive operation performance is influenced because of spring breakage gradually increases, the bad stability of locomotive operation, to driving
Safety causes hidden danger.
Steel spring right over locomotive axle box is one of main parts size of bogie, steel spring bear bogie frame with
On locomotive weight.The rigidity that steel spring transmits vertical force is known as the vertical stiffness of single stage suspension, in addition, also having in single stage suspension
Longitudinal stiffness and transverse stiffness is transmitted to bogie frame.Vertical stiffness, the Longitudinal stiffness and transverse stiffness of single stage suspension will select
It selects appropriately, locomotive could have good dynamic performance.
Steel spring is worked under the complicated and continually changing environment of load, in vertical, the vertical and horizontal of single stage suspension
Power in, continually changing vertical pressure be allow steel spring generate metal fatigue the main reason for.Vibration when locomotive operation
And variation of load etc. can all make steel spring bear the vertical pressure of variation, the vertical pressure of this variation through it is long when
Between accumulation steel spring can be made locally to generate metal fatigue so that steel spring locally generates fine crack, then by fine crack
Gradually extension eventually leads to the failure of steel spring local fracture.
It, can also be outstanding in a system other than the technique and material that improve manufacture steel spring itself to prevent steel spring to be broken
Increase elastic buffering mechanism in extension system, to reduce the vertical load that steel spring is born, reduces steel spring during locomotive operation
The metal fatigue of generation, to prevent steel spring to be broken.
Although now with locomotive on increase rubber block as vertical backstop and buffer the lateral pressure of single stage suspension,
Its shape and material are all single, therefore lack variation rigidity and very limited for the adjusting of rigidity.And variation rigidity is for preventing steel bomb
The comfort level of passenger all has a significant impact in spring fracture and locomotive：The amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop is excessive, then locomotive
Resistance to shock it is poor, the comfort level of passenger is also just poor；The amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop is too small, although resistance to shock is more preferable
The vertical load that steel spring is born cannot be shared well, be also just difficult to that steel spring is prevented to be broken.
Therefore how to make vertical backstop that there is suitable variation rigidity and rigidity, allow locomotive before not reducing degree of passenger comfort
Putting effectively to prevent steel spring to be broken, to meet people to locomotive increasingly higher demands, while also allow railway speed increase,
Heavily loaded strategy can more smoothly be implemented, and also need further to study.
Find that following patent and the present invention have similarity by country's retrieval：
Application No. is 201420559352.6, entitled " a kind of rail vehicle truck and its single pull rod type single stage suspension
The utility model of structure " discloses a kind of rail vehicle truck and its single pull rod type single stage suspension structure, one system of single pull rod type
It is vertical backstop that suspended structure, which includes framework, axle box, primary spring and one, and guide groove and first positioning hole are provided on framework；Axis
Case is equipped with backstop erecting bed；Primary spring includes primary spring seat and steel spring group, and one end of primary spring seat has limit
In the limit protrusion in first positioning hole, the other end has backstop guide post；Further include setting upper cover plate and primary spring seat it
Between the first cushion pad, be coated at limit protrusion；Second cushion pad, axle box are provided with installation on the end face of upper cover plate
Slot, the second cushion pad are arranged in mounting groove, and one end and the primary spring seat of steel spring group offset, the other end and the second cushion pad
It offsets.This utility model can buffer the impact force that primary spring is subject to by the first cushion pad and the second cushion pad, to slow
The vertical vibration of primary spring generation is rushed, and then improves the service life of primary spring.
Application No. is 201020542266.6, the utility model of entitled " rail vehicle one is elastic positioning device " discloses
A kind of rail vehicle one is elastic positioning device, and it is the composite structured of vertical backstop to take the flexibly positioned combination of axle box one,
To optimize axle-box locating rigidity and ensure that bogie has high Instability speed.It is to increase elasticity in vertical spring assembly one
Buffer backstop, to avoid one be when vertical load is excessive or when one is damping means failure for wheel to positions shapes such as, axle boxes
At larger rigid shock.One is that elastic positioning device is arranged between bogie frame and axletree are vertical, includes pivoted arm
Formula axle box and the primary spring device for being set to axle box top.One end of axle box passes through caoutchouc elasticity node installation
In framework, the other end is connect by a vertical damper with framework.The primary spring device has upper clamp plate and lower folder
Plate, and compress between upper clamp plate and lower clamp plate the Coiled coil spring of installation.Inner ring, upper clamp plate in Coiled coil spring
Bottom connects a rubber backstop by whole sulfuration process.
Application No. is 200820186834.6, the practicality of entitled " railway vehicle bogie primary-suspension spring mechanism " is new
Type discloses a kind of railway vehicle bogie primary-suspension spring mechanism, including on the inside and outside spring and spring being nested with one heart,
Lower positioning seat, positioning seat is connected with bogie frame on spring, and positioning seat is connected with bogie positioning arm under spring, has one
It is a be fixed under spring on positioning seat and with the coaxial mounted flexible block of spring, when no-load on the flexible block to spring
The distance of positioning seat is less than with the sum of the distance that the flexible block maximum compression deforms at a distance from the deformation of spring maximum compression.Work as vehicle
Overload or dynamic loading it is excessive when, flexible block can buffer lateral pressure, avoid spring from killing or collide and lead to spring breakage,
To improve the vertical stiffness of spring and extend the service life of spring.When spring is surprisingly broken, which can make
For safety supports, ensure the driving safety of rail vehicle.
Although above-mentioned patent has the elastic buffering mechanism in steel spring, the structure letter of above-mentioned elastic buffering mechanism
Variation rigidity is singly can not achieve, and the adjusting of rigidity can also be limited by itself structure.Application No. is
It mentions and " being rushed by what the first cushion pad and the second cushion pad can buffer that primary spring is subject in 201420559352.6 patent
Power is hit, to buffer the vertical vibration of primary spring generation, and then improves the service life of primary spring ".Application No. is
It is mentioned in 201020542266.6 patent and " is to increase elastic buffer backstop in vertical spring assembly one, hangs down to avoid a system
Larger rigid shock is formed to positions such as, axle boxes when excessive or for wheel when one is damping means failure to load ".And
Mentioned in the patent application No. is 200820186834.6 " when spring is surprisingly broken, the flexible block can be used as safety
Support, ensures the driving safety of rail vehicle ".It can be seen that the various elastic buffering mechanisms in above-mentioned patent are not due to adjusting
The structure of variation rigidity is saved, and its is simple in structure so that the adjusting of rigidity is also restricted, therefore, it is difficult to effectively reduce steel spring
Metal fatigue is still difficult to increase substantially the ability of the Resisting fractre of steel spring, so how more efficiently to prevent steel spring disconnected
Splitting also needs further to probe into.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：Variation and vibration of load when for locomotive operation etc. can all make steel
Spring bears the vertical pressure of variation, and the vertical pressure changed can make steel spring locally generate gold by accumulation for a long time
Belong to fatigue, so that steel spring locally generates fine crack, then gradually extended by fine crack, eventually leads to steel spring part
Fracture, and propose that vertical backstop is installed in steel spring to prevent steel spring to be broken.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention is：A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring fracture,
Rotational-like rubber boss is set above body of rubber, rubber boss is just contacted with framework guide tube in locomotive zero load；It adjusts
The diameter or height of rubber boss can adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop, adjust the diameter of body of rubber or highly can also adjust vertical
The rigidity of backstop；Annular flat segments and annular arc section are set in body of rubber, are adjusted between annular flat segments and horizontal plane
Angle can adjust the variation rigidity of vertical backstop；Rubber boss is connect with body of rubber by annular arc section, and vertical backstop is adjusted
The hop count of annular arc section can adjust the number of vertical backstop variation rigidity；Pedestal makes in the body of rubber of vertical backstop
Pedestal can limit vertical backstop, the height of adjustment base can adjust vertical backstop limit position and vertical backstop it is rigid
Degree；Reduce the vertical load that steel spring is born by adjusting rigidity, variation rigidity and the position of limit of vertical backstop, reduces machine
The metal fatigue that steel spring generates in vehicle operational process, to prevent steel spring to be broken.
Further, rotational-like rubber boss is set above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is circle
The rubber boss of mesa-shaped, rubber boss include at the top of boss and outside the boss；Vertical stop can be increased by increasing the diameter of rubber boss
The rigidity of gear, the rigidity of vertical backstop can be reduced by increasing the height of rubber boss；A diameter of 15mm-50mm at the top of boss, rubber
The height of glue boss is 6mm-30mm；Angle at the top of boss between outside the boss is more than 90 degree, reduce boss top with it is convex
Angle between on the outside of platform, can increase the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop, and the angle between boss top and outside the boss is
100 degree of -150 degree.
Further, rotational-like rubber boss is set above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is mother
Line is the rubber boss of the smoothed curve outwardly protruded；The rigidity of vertical backstop can be increased by increasing the diameter of rubber boss, be increased
The height of rubber boss can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop；A diameter of 20mm-60mm of rubber boss, the height of rubber boss are
6mm-30mm。
Further, annular flat segments and annular arc section are set in body of rubber, between annular flat segments and horizontal plane
Angle be greater than or equal to 90 degree, reduce annular flat segments and horizontal plane between angle, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be increased
Amplitude；The number of vertical backstop variation rigidity can be increased by increasing the hop count of the annular arc section set in vertical backstop.
Further, the rigidity of vertical backstop can be increased by increasing the diameter of body of rubber, increase the height energy of body of rubber
Reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop；A diameter of 80mm-95mm of body of rubber.
Further, the pedestal of metal is embedded in the lower end of body of rubber, when body of rubber and rubber boss are by vertical
When the pressure of load generates deformation and moves down, pedestal can limit body of rubber and rubber boss moves further downward, from
And play the role of vertical limit；The height of adjustment base can adjust the position that vertical backstop is limited；And increase pedestal
Highly, the rigidity of vertical backstop can be increased, the height of pedestal is 30mm-70mm.
A kind of vertical backstop for preventing steel spring to be broken, vertical backstop are located in steel spring, and vertical backstop includes rubber master
Body, rubber boss and pedestal；Rotational-like rubber boss is equipped with above body of rubber, body of rubber is equipped with annular flat segments
With annular arc section；Rubber boss is connect with body of rubber by annular arc section, and the lower end of body of rubber is equipped with pedestal, rubber
The bottom of main body is equipped with shrinkage pool；Body of rubber, rubber boss and pedestal are an entirety.
Further, rotational-like rubber boss is equipped with above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is circle
The rubber boss of mesa-shaped, rubber boss include at the top of boss and outside the boss, a diameter of 15mm-50mm at the top of boss, rubber
The height of boss is 6mm-30mm, and the angle between boss top and outside the boss is more than 90 degree.
Further, rotational-like rubber boss is equipped with above body of rubber is：Rotational-like rubber boss is mother
Line is the rubber boss of the smoothed curve outwardly protruded, a diameter of 20mm-60mm of rubber boss, and the height of rubber boss is
6mm-30mm。
Further, pedestal is revolving body, and pedestal includes base body and pedestal chimb；The thickness of base body upper end is small
The intermediate position of thickness in base body lower end, the outside of base body is equipped with pedestal chimb, and pedestal chimb protrudes outward；
The height of pedestal is 30mm-70mm, and the corner of the pedestal in body of rubber is all smooth circular arc chamfering.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1. increasing rubber boss in body of rubber, the height of vertical backstop is also increased so that vertical backstop exists
It is just contacted with framework guide tube when unloaded, so that vertical backstop can all be held during from locomotive zero load to locomotive maximum load
Part vertical load is carried on a shoulder pole, the metal fatigue of steel spring generation during locomotive operation can be preferably reduced, to prevent steel spring
Fracture.
2. vertical backstop is mounted in steel spring, and the rubber boss of vertical backstop is just contacted with framework guide tube in zero load,
So that reduce opposite sliding between vertical backstop and framework guide tube, rubber boss can be reduced and produced due to opposite with framework guide tube sliding
Raw abrasion, can extend the service life of vertical backstop.
3. vertical backstop is made of body of rubber, rubber boss and pedestal, body of rubber and rubber boss are a monoblock rubbers
Glue, body of rubber are sulfided into an entirety by adhesive under certain temperature and pressure with pedestal so that entirely vertical to stop
Keep off close structure, firm.
4. adjusting the angle on body of rubber and rubber boss, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted, adjusts body of rubber
Diameter and height, the rigidity of vertical backstop can be adjusted so that vertical backstop have under small loads variation rigidity more by a small margin and
Smaller rigidity, so as to increase the comfort level of passenger；And under a large load so that vertical backstop has variation rigidity by a relatively large margin
The metal fatigue that steel spring generates is reduced, effectively with larger rigidity to allow vertical backstop to bear more vertical loads
Steel spring is prevented to be broken.
5. embedded with pedestal made of metal in body of rubber, and can be by the height of adjustment base, to adjust vertical stop
The position limited is kept off, so that even if safety supports can be used as if there is the case where steel spring fracture vertical backstop, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the driving safety of rail locomotive.
6. in vertical backstop：The diameter of adjusting body of rubber and rubber boss and height and adjustment base can be passed through
Height, to adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop；It can be by adjusting between every section in body of rubber annular flat segments and horizontal plane
Angle, to adjust the variation rigidity of vertical backstop；It can be rigid come the change that adjusts vertical backstop by adjusting the hop count of annular arc section
The number of degree；It can be by the height of adjustment base, to adjust the position that vertical backstop is limited；So that being hung down by adjusting
To the variation rigidity of backstop, rigidity and the position of limit, allow vertical backstop adapt to different model, different loads locomotive, so
This vertical backstop it is applied widely, versatile.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-sectional view one of embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view two of embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of embodiment one；
Fig. 4 is the stiffness curve figure of embodiment one；
Fig. 5 is that embodiment one applies the structural schematic diagram in steel spring；
Fig. 6 is the perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram one of embodiment two；
Fig. 7 is the perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram two of embodiment two；
In figure：1 vertical backstop, 11 body of rubber, 111 first annular flat segments, 112 second annular flat segments, 113 thirds
Annular flat segments, 114 shrinkage pools, 115 annular arc sections, 12 rubber boss, 121 boss top, 122 outside the boss, 123 busbares,
13 pedestals, 131 base bodies, 132 pedestal chimbs, 2 steel springs, 3 framework guide tubes, 4 positioning bases, 5 axle boxes, 6 bogie frames.
Specific implementation mode
The description of a step is done to the present invention with reference to embodiment and attached drawing：
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 5, axle box 5 is fixedly arranged above positioning base 4,4 top of positioning base is equipped with the steel bomb of Coiled coil shape
Spring 2, steel spring 2 support the locomotive weight of 6 or more bogie frame.In order to reduce the vertical load that steel spring 2 is born, reduce
The metal fatigue that steel spring 2 generates during locomotive operation is equipped with vertical stop to prevent steel spring 2 to be broken in steel spring 2
Gear 1.The pedestal chimb 132 of vertical backstop 1 and 4 phase top of positioning base, since vertical backstop 1 and positioning base 4 are all revolving bodies,
Vertical backstop 1 is stuck in positioning base 4.The surface of vertical backstop 1 be equipped with framework guide tube 3, locomotive in zero load,
During the entire process of the rubber boss 12 of vertical backstop 1 is just in contact with framework guide tube 3, and locomotive is from zero load to maximum load,
The load of primary spring is all supported by steel spring 2 and vertical backstop 1 jointly, so that vertical backstop 1 can preferably subtract
The vertical load that small steel spring 2 is born.
Although the rigidity for increasing vertical backstop 1 can preferably reduce the vertical load that steel spring 2 is born, vertical backstop
1 rigidity is excessive, and locomotive has the risk of derailing, can also reduce vibration damping, the noise reduction of locomotive, can also reduce the comfortable of passenger
Degree.Therefore in order to allow vertical backstop 1 be both avoided that locomotive derail, improve the vibration damping, anti-acoustic capability and the comfort level of passenger of locomotive,
The vertical load that steel spring 2 is born can be reduced well again, effectively prevent steel spring 2 to be broken, it is necessary to meet claimed below：
The starting rigidity of vertical backstop 1 first wants small, and when originating, and the amplitude of variation rigidity is smaller so that vertical backstop 1 is in starting
There can be good effectiveness in vibration suppression；When further being pushed then as framework guide tube 3, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is wanted constantly to increase
Greatly, and at this time the increased speed of rigidity is very fast, and the amplitude of variation rigidity will gradually increase so that framework guide tube 3 pushes centainly
After distance, vertical backstop 1 can share larger vertical load, to reduce the vertical load that steel spring 2 is born, and ensure overload
Operating mode lower drive mechanism and the position relationship taken turns between will not deteriorate.
During the entire process of this locomotive is from zero load to maximum load, the load of primary spring is all by 2 He of steel spring
The structure that vertical backstop 1 supports jointly can enable vertical backstop 1 preferably to share the load of primary spring, to more
The metal fatigue that steel spring 2 generates during good reduction locomotive operation, preferably prevents steel spring 2 to be broken.The present embodiment
The rigidity of vertical backstop 1 be exactly the load born of vertical backstop 1 at the top of the boss of vertical backstop 1 121 move down at a distance from ratio
Value.The stiffness curve of vertical backstop 1 is as shown in figure 4, the deformation of vertical backstop 1 in Fig. 4 refers at the top of the boss of vertical backstop 1
121 distances moved down.
As shown in figure 4, when the load that vertical backstop 1 is born increases since 0, stiffness curve is very gentle, and is originated
Stiffness curve close to linear.That is, the starting rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is smaller, and the increased speed of rigidity is very slow.In this way
Characteristic vertical backstop 1 can be allowed to have good effectiveness in vibration suppression, can prevent locomotive from derailing, and passenger have it is comfortable well
Degree.
In the present embodiment, the increase for the load born with vertical backstop 1, when load is more than 2KN, rigidity is gradually presented
Non-linear increase, that is to say, that variation rigidity is gradually presented.And load just above 2KN when, 121 distances that move down are every at the top of boss
Increase a certain amount, such as often increase 1mm, corresponding load increase is smaller.That is, at this time to the width of the variation rigidity of backstop
Degree is smaller, and the increased speed of rigidity is slower.Such characteristic can allow vertical backstop 1 to have preferable effectiveness in vibration suppression, passenger can be allowed to have
Good comfort level, while steel spring 2 can effectively be prevented to be broken.
And when vertical backstop 1 bears big load, such as when more than 8KN, 121 distances moved down often increase at the top of boss
A certain amount, such as often increase 1mm, corresponding load increases larger.That is, the width of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 at this time
Spend larger, the increased speed of rigidity.Such characteristic can allow vertical backstop 1 to share more load, preferably reduce steel
The vertical load that spring 2 is born, to more effectively prevent steel spring 2 to be broken.
In addition, load when due to locomotive different automobile types zero load is different, and different automobile types maximum load is also different
, therefore the requirement of the starting rigidity and variation rigidity on different locomotives for vertical backstop 1 is different, and different locomotives pair
The requirement that rigidity changes with the increase of load is also different.So the variation rigidity and rigidity of vertical backstop 1 need energy flexibly
Be adjusted, to meet the specific requirement of different types of locomotive.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, vertical backstop 1 is axisymmetric revolving body, and vertical backstop 1 includes body of rubber 11, rubber
Boss 12 and pedestal 13, and rubber boss 12 includes boss top 121 and outside the boss 122, rubber boss 12 is round table-like.It is convex
Angle at the top of platform between 121 and outside the boss 122 is angle A, and first annular flat segments 111 and the angle of horizontal plane are angle B.Subtract
The angle of small angle A and angle B can increase the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1；Conversely, increasing the angle of angle A and angle B, can reduce
The amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the height of a diameter of D1 of rubber boss 12, rubber boss 12 are H, body of rubber 11
A diameter of D2, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be increased by increasing D1 and D2, and vertical stop can be reduced by increasing the height of body of rubber 11 and H
The rigidity of gear 1；Conversely, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be reduced by reducing D1 and D2, the height and H for reducing body of rubber 11 can increase
The rigidity of vertical backstop 1.
Vertical backstop 1 should meet that the above mentions " the starting rigidity of vertical backstop 1 first wants small, and when originating, and becomes
The amplitude of rigidity is smaller " and when originating, the pushing of framework guide tube 3 can allow rubber boss 12 first to deform upon, for vertical backstop 1
Rigidity and variation rigidity are provided.Therefore rubber boss 12 wants the value of reasonable distribution D1 and H so that the starting rigidity of vertical backstop 1 compared with
It is small, and the value of angle A and angle B answer it is larger so that vertical backstop 1 starting variation rigidity amplitude it is smaller.As shown in Figs. 1-3, D1
Preferred value is 15mm-50mm, and the preferred value of D2 is 80mm-95mm, and the preferred value of H is 6mm-30mm；The preferred value of angle A is 100
The preferred value of -150 degree of degree, angle B is 135 degree of -165 degree.
The rubber boss 12 and body of rubber 11 of vertical backstop 1 are a monoblock rubber, and body of rubber 11 is made with metal
Pedestal 13 be to be sulfided into an entirety under certain temperature and pressure by adhesive.Set in body of rubber 11 2 sections with
On annular flat segments, and the annular arc section of adjacent annular flat segments 115 is connected, rubber boss 12, body of rubber 11
It is an entirety with pedestal 13.
As shown in Fig. 2, the height for increasing body of rubber 11 can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop 1, increase body of rubber 11
Diameter can increase the rigidity of vertical backstop 1.Conversely, the height for reducing body of rubber 11 will increase the rigidity of vertical backstop 1, reduce
The diameter of body of rubber 11 can reduce the rigidity of vertical backstop 1.There are 3 sections of annular flat segments in the present embodiment, it is first annular straight
The vertical length of section 111 is H1, and the vertical length of the second annular flat segments 112 is H2, and the length of third annular flat segments 113 is
H3.Wherein the preferred value of H1 is 5mm-10mm, and the preferred value of H2 is 10mm-40mm, and the preferred value of H3 is 15mm-60mm.
When energy in a certain angle is so that body of rubber 11 is pushed by framework guide tube 3 between every section of annular flat segments and horizontal plane
Rigidity be in nonlinear change, that is to say, that can allow body of rubber 11 generate variation rigidity.Multistage is horizontal by different angles
Annular flat segments can make body of rubber 11 generate multiple variation rigidity.Angle between every section of annular flat segments and horizontal plane is all higher than
Or it is equal to 90 degree, increase the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be reduced, from
And the effectiveness in vibration suppression of vertical backstop 1 is improved, improve the comfort level of passenger.Conversely, reducing between annular flat segments and horizontal plane
Angle will increase the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 so that when the distance that boss top 121 moves down is smaller, rigidity can be very fast
Increase.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the angle in the present embodiment between first annular flat segments 111 and horizontal plane is B, second
Angle between annular flat segments 112 and horizontal plane is C.Angle between third annular flat segments 113 and horizontal plane is 90 degree.
The starting rigidity that the above mentions locomotive wants small, and the amplitude for originating variation rigidity is smaller, and increases annular flat segments and level
Angle between face can reduce the amplitude of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1.Again since the deformation of body of rubber 11 is at the top of boss
121 beginnings, therefore the angle of the angle B closer to boss top 121 should be greater than the angle of angle C, and vertical backstop 1 can just obtained
The smaller starting variation rigidity of amplitude.The optimized angle of angle B is 135 degree of -165 degree, and the optimized angle of angle C is 100 degree of -140 degree.
Body of rubber 11 in vertical backstop 1 and the number of the angle on rubber boss 12 are equal to 1 variation rigidity of vertical backstop
Number.Increase the hop count of the annular flat segments in vertical backstop 1, the number of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be increased.This implementation
The hop count of annular flat segments in example in body of rubber 11 is 3, and forms 2 angles between 3 sections of annular flat segments.And rubber
Boss 12 is also to be connect by 1 section of annular arc section 115 with body of rubber 11, also forms 1 angle herein.In addition boss
Angle A between top 121 and outside the boss 122 is also 1 angle.So the body of rubber 11 and rubber boss of vertical backstop 1
4 angles are shared on 12, therefore the number of the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 is 4 in the present embodiment.
And when the angle of the angle between annular flat segments is constant, the position of the annular arc section 115 in body of rubber 11
The length depending on annular flat segments is set, the location of annular arc section 115 is also the position residing for angle in body of rubber 11
It sets, therefore adjusts the length of any one section in body of rubber 11 annular flat segments, the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be adjusted
Position.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, pedestal 13 is revolving body, and pedestal 13 includes base body 131 and pedestal chimb 132；
The thickness of 131 upper end of base body is less than the thickness of 131 lower end of base body, and the intermediate position in the outside of base body 131 is set
There are pedestal chimb 132, pedestal chimb 132 to protrude outward.Pedestal 13 is embedded in body of rubber 11, and is vulcanized with body of rubber 11
At an entirety, to reduce the stress concentration of pedestal 13 and 11 junction of body of rubber, prevent pedestal 13 and body of rubber 11 it
Between generate gap during long-term use, smooth circle has all been processed into the corner of the pedestal 13 in body of rubber 11
Arc chamfering.
The pedestal 13 of metal is arranged in the lower end of body of rubber 11, when 11 upper end of body of rubber is pressed by vertical load
When power generates deformation and moves down, pedestal 13 can limit 11 upper end of body of rubber and move further downward, vertical to play
The effect of limit.Therefore the height of adjustment base 13, can adjust the position that vertical backstop 1 is limited, the height H6 of pedestal 13
Preferred value be 30mm-70mm.
Pedestal 13 is in body of rubber 11, and the base body 131 of especially 132 top of pedestal chimb is extend into
In body of rubber 11, the distance on top to the top of pedestal chimb 132 of base body 131 is H5.The value of H5 is bigger, vertical to stop
The rigidity of gear 1 is bigger, that is to say, that increases the height of pedestal 13, especially increases the height of H5, can increase vertical backstop 1
Rigidity.Conversely, reducing the height of pedestal 13, the height of H5 is especially reduced, the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 can be reduced, H5's is preferred
Value is 10mm-45mm.
Since pedestal 13 is made of the big metal of hardness, vertical limit can be played the role of, therefore base body 131
Top body of rubber 11 below hardly has an impact the rigidity and variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1.So making for convenience
The rubber of heat is injected when making vertical backstop 1, also for the consumptive material for reducing rubber, the interposition in 11 bottom of body of rubber
Shrinkage pool 114 there are one installing.Although hardly the rigidity to vertical backstop 1 and variation rigidity generate shadow to the height H4 of shrinkage pool 114
It rings, but the too conference of the value of H4 influences the firmness that body of rubber 11 is combined with pedestal 13, therefore H4 cannot be contour with H6, H4's
Preferred value is 10mm-30mm.
In conclusion vertical backstop 1 is by adjusting the diameter of body of rubber 11 and rubber boss 12 and height, and tune
The height for saving pedestal 13, to adjust the rigidity of vertical backstop 1；By adjusting annular flat segments and horizontal plane in body of rubber 11
Between angle and outside the boss 122 and boss at the top of 121 angle, to adjust the variation rigidity of vertical backstop 1；Pass through tune
The hop count of the annular arc section of section 115, come adjust vertical backstop 1 variation rigidity number；By the height of adjustment base 13, to adjust
Save the position that vertical backstop 1 is limited；By adjusting the rigidity of vertical backstop 1, the number of variation rigidity and variation rigidity, become
The position that the position of rigidity and vertical backstop 1 limit reduces the vertical load that steel spring 2 is born, to preferably reducing locomotive
The metal fatigue that steel spring 2 generates in operational process more effectively prevents steel spring 2 to be broken.
Embodiment two
As shown in fig. 6, with embodiment one the difference is that：Rotational-like rubber convex in the top of body of rubber 11
Platform 12 is no longer round table-like, but the busbar 123 of rotational-like rubber boss 12 is the smoothed curve outwardly protruded.Such as figure
Shown in 7, the diameter D3 of rubber boss 12 refers to the diameter of rubber boss 12 in the diameter of 12 bottom of rubber boss, with embodiment one
D1 refers to that the diameter at 12 top of rubber boss is different.The preferred value of the diameter D3 of rubber boss 12 is 20mm- in the present embodiment
60mm。
Busbar 123 is the rotational-like rubber boss 12 of the smoothed curve outwardly protruded, is increased in locomotive load, framework
It, can be so that the stiffness curve of vertical backstop 1 be more smooth, to more effectively prevent vertical backstop 1 during guide tube 3 pushes
Rigidity increase suddenly, can better damping.Meanwhile the rubber boss 12 in the present embodiment row does not have boss in embodiment one
The corner sharp like that with 122 intersection of outside the boss of top 121, therefore the rubber boss 12 in the present embodiment is led by framework
Cylinder 3 is less prone to stress concentration when squeezing generation deformation, so can extend the service life of rubber boss 12.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the vertical backstop 1 in the present embodiment and the vertical backstop 1 in embodiment one, in addition to rubber
The shape and structure of boss 12 is different outer, and the structure and parameter of rest part is the same, therefore the various phases in the present embodiment
The value of the angle and height answered is identical as in embodiment one.
The stiffness curve of the present embodiment can refer to Fig. 4, this is because rubber boss 12 is rigid to the rigidity of vertical backstop 1 and change
Degree influence be mainly the side crops industry of locomotive at the beginning under, and under a large load to the rigidity and variation rigidity of backstop 1 mainly by
Body of rubber 11 provides.Therefore the stiffness curve of the stiffness curve and embodiment one of the present embodiment, side crops industry only at the beginning
There is a difference slightly at place, and stiffness curve is consistent when big load.
It will be apparent that without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvement or modification made are regarded as this
The protection domain of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of normal contact prevents the method that steel spring is broken, which is characterized in that in body of rubber（11）Top sets revolving body
The rubber boss of shape（12）, the rubber boss in locomotive zero load（12）Just with framework guide tube（3）Contact；
Adjust rubber boss（12）Diameter or height can adjust vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, adjust body of rubber（11）It is straight
Diameter or height can also adjust vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；
In body of rubber（11）On set annular flat segments and annular arc section（115）, adjust between annular flat segments and horizontal plane
Angle, vertical backstop can be adjusted（1）Variation rigidity；
Rubber boss（12）With body of rubber（11）Pass through annular arc section（115）Connection, adjusts vertical backstop（1）Annular circle
Segmental arc（115）Hop count can adjust vertical backstop（1）The number of variation rigidity；
Pedestal（13）Embedded in vertical backstop（1）Body of rubber（11）In, make pedestal（13）It can be to vertical backstop（1）It is limited
Position, adjustment base（13）Height can adjust vertical backstop（1）The position of limit and vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；
By adjusting vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, variation rigidity and the position of limit reduce steel spring（2）The vertical load born
Lotus reduces steel spring during locomotive operation（2）The metal fatigue of generation, to prevent steel spring（2）Fracture.
2. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method that steel spring is broken, which is characterized in that in rubber master
Body（11）Top sets rotational-like rubber boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For round table-like rubber boss
（12）, rubber boss（12）Including at the top of boss（121）And outside the boss（122）；
Increase rubber boss（12）Diameter can increase vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, increase rubber boss（12）Height can subtract
Small vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；At the top of boss（121）A diameter of 15mm-50mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-
30mm；
At the top of boss（121）With outside the boss（122）Between angle be more than 90 degree, reduce boss top（121）With outside boss
Side（122）Between angle, vertical backstop can be increased（1）Variation rigidity amplitude, at the top of boss（121）With outside the boss
（122）Between angle be 100 degree -150 degree.
3. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method that steel spring is broken, which is characterized in that in rubber master
Body（11）Top sets rotational-like rubber boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For busbar（123）It is outside
The rubber boss of the smoothed curve of protrusion（12）；
Increase rubber boss（12）Diameter can increase vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, increase rubber boss（12）Height can subtract
Small vertical backstop（1）Rigidity；
Rubber boss（12）A diameter of 20mm-60mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-30mm.
4. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method that steel spring is broken, which is characterized in that in rubber master
Body（11）On set annular flat segments and annular arc section（115）, the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane is greater than or equal to
90 degree, reduces the angle between annular flat segments and horizontal plane, vertical backstop can be increased（1）Variation rigidity amplitude；Increase and hangs down
To backstop（1）On the annular arc section that sets（115）Hop count can increase vertical backstop（1）The number of variation rigidity.
5. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method that steel spring is broken, which is characterized in that increase rubber
Main body（11）Diameter can increase vertical backstop（1）Rigidity, increase body of rubber（11）Height can reduce vertical backstop（1）
Rigidity；Body of rubber（11）A diameter of 80mm-95mm.
6. a kind of normal contact according to claim 1 prevents the method that steel spring is broken, which is characterized in that by metal
Pedestal（13）Embedded in body of rubber（11）Lower end, work as body of rubber（11）With rubber boss（12）By the pressure of vertical load
When generating deformation and moving down, pedestal（13）Body of rubber can be limited（11）With rubber boss（12）It moves further downward,
To play the role of vertical limit；
Adjustment base（13）Height, vertical backstop can be adjusted（1）The position limited；And increase pedestal（13）Height,
Vertical backstop can be increased（1）Rigidity, pedestal（13）Height be 30mm-70mm.
7. a kind of a kind of vertical backstop for the method manufacture that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, vertical backstop（1）Including body of rubber（11）, rubber boss（12）And pedestal（13）；Body of rubber（11）On
Side is equipped with rotational-like rubber boss（12）, body of rubber（11）It is equipped with annular flat segments and annular arc section（115）；Rubber
Glue boss（12）With body of rubber（11）Pass through annular arc section（115）Connection, body of rubber（11）Lower end be equipped with pedestal
（13）, body of rubber（11）Bottom be equipped with shrinkage pool（114）；Body of rubber（11）, rubber boss（12）And pedestal（13）It is one
A entirety.
8. vertical backstop according to claim 7, which is characterized in that body of rubber（11）Top is equipped with rotational-like rubber
Glue boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For round table-like rubber boss（12）, rubber boss（12）Including convex
At the top of platform（121）And outside the boss（122）, boss top（121）A diameter of 15mm-50mm, rubber boss（12）Height
For 6mm-30mm, boss top（121）With outside the boss（122）Between angle be more than 90 degree.
9. vertical backstop according to claim 7, which is characterized in that body of rubber（11）Top is equipped with rotational-like rubber
Glue boss（12）It is：Rotational-like rubber boss（12）For busbar（123）It is the rubber boss of the smoothed curve outwardly protruded
（12）, rubber boss（12）A diameter of 20mm-60mm, rubber boss（12）Height be 6mm-30mm.
10. vertical backstop according to claim 7, which is characterized in that pedestal（13）For revolving body, pedestal（13）The bottom of including
Seat main body（131）With pedestal chimb（132）；Base body（131）The thickness of upper end is less than base body（131）The thickness of lower end
Degree, base body（131）Outside intermediate position be equipped with pedestal chimb（132）, pedestal chimb（132）It protrudes outward；Bottom
Seat（13）Height be 30mm-70mm, and be embedded in body of rubber（11）In pedestal（13）Corner be all that smooth circular arc falls
Angle.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510538082.XA CN106476838B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop |
| EP16174694.6A EP3135553B1 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-06-16 | Method to prevent rupture of steel spring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510538082.XA CN106476838B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of method that normal contact prevents steel spring to be broken and vertical backstop |
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| CN106476838B true CN106476838B (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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| CN107901939B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2024-03-26 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Bogie and self-adaptive rotating arm positioning device thereof |
| CN113719580B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-03-28 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for improving service performance of transverse backstop |
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| CN104097655B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-05-04 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Railway red ball bogie |
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| DE2644964A1 (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1978-04-13 | Clouth Gummiwerke Ag | AXLE SUSPENSION FOR RAIL VEHICLES |
| DE29610365U1 (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1996-09-19 | Phoenix Ag | Bumpers, especially cross buffers |
| CN102398614B (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2014-10-29 | 溧阳市振大铁路设备有限公司 | Series rubber spring for subway train bogie |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106476838A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| EP3135553B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
| EP3135553A1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Effective date of registration: 20200608 Address after: 412007 No.301, physical and chemical building, Liyu Industrial Park, no.639, Heilongjiang Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Zhuzhou Times Ruiwei damping equipment Co., Ltd Address before: 412007 No. 18 Haitian Road, Tianyuan District, Hunan, Zhuzhou Patentee before: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. |